ABSTRACT
Introduction: Recently, doping among athletes has been on the rise, and pharmacists have an important role in both the promotion of anti-doping (AD) and in providing accurate information and effective support. In this study, we examined various fact-finding surveys that targeted physical education university (PEU) students, and we focused on their use of pharmacies/drugstores, their involvement with pharmacists, and knowledge about AD. We also examined the necessary AD-related professional competencies of pharmacists. Method: Questionnaire surveys were prepared, and the responses of 1,249 students were analyzed. Results : From a survey on what students buy at pharmacies/drug stores it showed that medicines for flu common colds sell the most. Most of the students did not receive any drug consultations at pharmacies/drug stores before purchasing, because they preferred to make their own decisions about drug use. Also, many students were wary of doping with supplements. Although the students who participated in international sports competitions and events possessed a wealth of doping-related knowledge and awareness, PEU students lacked them. Discussion : We determined that it was necessary to gather relevant patient information and explore methods so that intentions could be discussed when purchasing medications from pharmacies/drug stores. We also recognized the need for early doping education programs in light of the inadequate AD-related knowledge and awareness among university student-athletes. Therefore, all pharmacists should strive to acquire a wide range of knowledge to support athletes in this effort. Furthermore, we believe that expanding the professional functions of pharmacists would increase the awareness of AD among athletes.
ABSTRACT
<b>Objective: </b>Doping is strongly prohibited in sports. Sports pharmacist was born in 2010 in Japan, and the anti-doping activity is expected. On the other hand, doping by arising from a lack of knowledge about prohibited substances in athletes, so-called “unwilling doping” is developing into a social issue. In this study, we investigated the percentage of prohibited substances in all drugs and prescriptions in a general hospital, to collect information to prevent an unwilling doping.<br><b>Methods: </b>We constructed system to extract the drugs corresponding to prohibited substances in the prescription order entry system in Otaru Municipal Hospital, and we analyzed 3,306 prescriptions of 10 to 59 years old patients, from July to September 2010.<br><b>Results: </b>Thirteen point five percent of our hospital drugs met definition of the prohibited substance. The number of prescriptions including prohibited substance(s) was 350 (10.6%), and its category was different from each age-group and clinical department.<br><b>Consideration: </b>Because prohibited substances are included in approximately 10% of prescriptions, athletes are exposed to danger of becoming an unwilling doping. Pharmacist should be well informed about prohibited substances to prevent athletes from unwilling doping. And they should provide information promptly and adequately for athletes.
ABSTRACT
<b>Objective: </b>The sports community has placed its great hope on pharmacist since the establishment of the Accredited Sports Pharmacist System. Thus, we constructed an anti-doping database for pharmacist so that pharmacist can support appropriate drug use and contribute to the sports community.<br><b>Methods: </b>The database was constructed by using Microsoft®Access 2007, based on our previously prepared anti-doping list.<br><b>Results: </b>686 prescription drugs and 268 ingredients for non-prescription drug were registered in the data base. It was able to retrieve the advisability of use for athlete, blood half-life and the other notes of the drugs easily and promptly.<br><b>Conclusion: </b>We confirm that pharmacist can provide drug information easily, promptly and from the viewpoint of pharmaceutics by utilizing the database including necessary information for anti-doping.
ABSTRACT
<b>Objective</b>: In the Drug Informatics in Department of Pharmacy, Kitasato Institute Hospital (hereinafter “the hospital”), we have had question-and-answer sessions regarding doping agents (banned drugs) among doctors and other workers and prepared an Anti-doping Quick Reference List (hereinafter “the list”), facing an urgent need to provide precise information quickly.<br><b>Methods</b>: The list consists of drugs adopted by the hospital and over-the-counter drugs according to package inserts, interview forms, and other sources of information.<br><b>Results</b>: In the list, hospital and over-the-counter drugs are classified into three categories in terms of a doping test: (1) “Non-banned” (drugs that can be used), (2) “Banned” (drugs that cannot be used), and (3) “Suspected” (unclear drugs) with their half lives for elimination as an indicator of the disappearance time from the body and divided by medicinal effect. In addition, we indicated any drug for which the Therapeutic Use Exemption (TUE) application (hereinafter, TUE application) is required before use.<br><b>Conclusion</b>: The list prepared in this investigation offers many benefits, including precise and quickly available information on banned and non-banned drugs, ease in suggesting alternatives, and avoidance of failure in TUE application.