Diagnóstico de la fuerza-resistencia de los músculos estabilizadores, en los tenimesistas escolares

El trabajo que se presenta parte de un estudio de tipo descriptivo, de naturaleza cualitativa y cuantitativa; para ello, se aplicaron métodos teóricos como el inductivo-deductivo y el analítico-sintético, métodos empíricos como la revisión documental, la observación, la encuesta y la entrevista; además de la medición para la obtención de los datos de la muestra, a partir de la aplicación de los test. Se resaltaron las características del tenis de mesa como deporte, así como las lesiones que se presentan en el mismo. Se indagó acerca de las bases teóricas de los músculos estabilizadores que son aquellos que permiten fijar una articulación para poner ciertos grupos musculares en movimiento. Los tenimesistas categoría sub 13 de La Habana carecen de un instrumento metodológico que sustente el entrenamiento de la resistencia a la fuerza de los músculos estabilizadores, por lo que se propuso como objetivo de esta investigación evaluar la resistencia a la fuerza de los músculos estabilizadores de los tenimesistas categoría sub 13 de La Habana. Se diseñó el instrumento eval-lumbar tennis que permitió valorar el nivel de resistencia a la fuerza de los músculos estabilizadores de la muestra seleccionada. Como resultados, el 100 % de la muestra presentó una resistencia a la fuerza deficiente, donde se encontraron débiles los siguientes músculos: recto abdominal, oblicuo abdominal, multífidos, cuadrado lumbar, intertransverso, serrato anterior, erectores espinales y deltoides en su porción lateral y frontal.

O trabalho que se apresenta assenta num estudo descritivo, de natureza qualitativa e quantitativa; Para isso, foram aplicados métodos teóricos como indutivo-dedutivo e analítico-sintético, métodos empíricos como revisão documental, observação, levantamento e entrevista; além da medição para obtenção dos dados amostrais, a partir da aplicação dos testes. Foram destacadas as características do tênis de mesa enquanto esporte, bem como as lesões que nele ocorrem. Foram investigadas as bases teóricas dos músculos estabilizadores, que são aqueles que permitem fixar uma articulação para colocar em movimento determinados grupos musculares. Os tenistas da categoria sub 13 de Havana carecem de um instrumento metodológico que apoie o treinamento de força resistida dos músculos estabilizadores, por isso o objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a força resistiva dos músculos estabilizadores dos tenistas da categoria sub 13 de Havana. O instrumento de tênis eval-lombar foi projetado para avaliar o nível de resistência à força dos músculos estabilizadores da amostra selecionada. Como resultados, 100% da amostra apresentou resistência à força deficiente, onde se encontravam fracos os seguintes músculos: reto abdominal, oblíquo abdominal, multífido, quadrado lombar, intertransverso, serrátil anterior, eretores da coluna vertebral e deltóides em sua porção lateral e frontal.

The work that is presented is based on a descriptive study, of a qualitative and quantitative nature; for this, theoretical methods such as inductive-deductive and analytical-synthetic, as well as empirical methods such as documentary review, observation, survey, interview and the measurement to obtain the sample data, from the application of the tests were applied. The characteristics of table tennis as a sport were highlighted, as well as the injuries that occur in it. The theoretical bases of the stabilizing muscles were studied, which are those that allow fixing a joint to put certain muscle groups in motion. The sub 13 category tennis players in Havana lack a methodological instrument that supports the strength endurance training of the stabilizer muscles, so the objective of this research was to evaluate the strength endurance of the stabilizer muscles of the sub 13 category tennis players from Havana. The eval -lumbar tennis instrument was designed to assess the level of endurance to strength of the stabilizing muscles of the selected sample. As a result, 100 % of the sample presented a deficient endurance to strength, where the following muscles were found to be weak: rectus abdominis, oblique abdominis, multifidus, quadratus lumborum, intertransversus, serratus anterior, spinal erectors and deltoids in its lateral portion and frontal.

Effect of a space stabilizing device on the capacity for osteogenesis in the bone-grafted area / 口腔医学

Objective@#To study the effect of a space stabilizing device on the capacity for osteogenesis in the bone-grafted area. @*Methods@#Patients with anterior teeth defects as well as labial alveolar ridge defects were randomly divided into two groups: the experimental group was treated using a space stabilization device after guided bone regeneration whereas the control group received regular guided bone regeneration. The CBCT data was analyzed prior to, immediately and 6 months after procedure to compare the osteogenesis with or without the device.@*Results@#Seventeen bone-grafted sites were examined(7 in the experimental group and 10 in the control group). At 2 mm and 4 mm below the alveolar ridge, the horizontal bone resorption rate in the experimental group was significantly lower than the corresponding level in the control group(P=0.001). The horizontal bone resorption rate at 2 mm below the alveolar ridge of each group was significantly higher than that at 4 mm below the alveolar ridge in corresponding groups(P=0.003). @*Conclusion@#The space stabilizing device used in this study has a positive clinical impact on preserving space stability and minimizing bone resorption.

Effect of lung distension stabilization formula combined with Liu Zi Jue exercise on the rehabilitation of COPD patients in stable stage with lung and kidney deficiency syndrome / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To observe the effect of lung distension stabilization formula combined with Liu Zi Jue exercise on the rehabilitation of patients with lung and kidney deficiency syndrome in stable phase of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods:Randomized controlled trial. A total of 179 patients with lung and kidney deficiency syndrome in stable COPD (admitted from April 2019 to April 2022) were enrolled in this study. The patients were randomly divided into western medicine conventional treatment group, combined treatment group and Liu Zi Jue group by random number table method. All the patients in the group received conventional western medicine treatment, and 59 patients in the Liu Zi Jue group received Liu Zi Jue treatment. Combined treatment group to take Liu Zi Jue + Lung distension stabilization formula. Data observation: clinical curative effect and TCM syndrome and total integral change before and after the treatment level of interleukin 8 (IL-8), pulmonary function index changes, COPD patients self-assessment scale (CAT) score, st George's hospital respiratory questionnaire (SGRQ) scores change were observed.Results:The total response rate was 66.67% (40/60) in the conventional treatment group, 83.05% (49/59) in the Liu Zi Jue group and 96.67% (58/60) in the combined treatment group. The total response rate in the combined treatment group was significantly higher than that in the conventional treatment group and the Liu Zi Jue group ( Z=3.76, P<0.01). The Liu Zi Jue group was significantly higher than the conventional western medicine group ( χ2=4.24, P=0.040). After treatment, the symptom score of combined treatment group was significantly lower than that of Liu Zi Jue group and conventional treatment group ( F=14.87, P<0.01), and that of Liu Zi Jue group was significantly lower than that of conventional treatment group ( t=5.87, P<0.01). The scores of CAT and SGRQ were significantly lower than those in the Liu Zi Jue group and conventional treatment group ( F values were 76.72 and 312.36, P<0.01), and those in Liu Zi Jue group were significantly lower than that of the conventional treatment group ( t=4.97, P<0.01). After treatment, the serum IL-8 level of the combined treatment group was significantly lower than that of the Liu Zi Jue group and the conventional treatment group ( F=154.64, P<0.01), and the Liu Zi Jue group was significantly lower than that of the conventional treatment group ( t=11.35, P<0.01). FVC [(2.93±0.60) L vs. (2.49±0.65) L, (2.25±0.63) L, F=20.62], FEV1 [(2.20±0.42) L vs. (1.88±0.41) L, (1.72±0.40) L, F=21.30] and FEV1% [(42.34±4.86) % vs. (38.85±5.00) %, (36.95±4.91) %, F=18.49] were significantly higher than those in the Liu Zi Jue group and conventional treatment group ( P<0.01). The Liu Zi Jue group was higher than that of the conventional treatment group ( t values were 3.76, 2.87, 5.15, P<0.01). Conclusion:Lung distension stabilization formula combined with Liu Zi Jue exercisecan promote the rehabilitation of COPD patients with lung and kidney deficiency syndrome in stable phase, improve the curative effect of patients, improve lung function, relieve symptoms, and improve the quality of life.

Resinas acrílicas utilizadas em placas estabilizadoras: resistência a fraturas e ensaio microbiológico / Acrylic resins used in stabilizer plates: resistance to fractures and microbiological testing

O aprimoramento da tecnologia CAD/CAM permitiu a confecção de placas estabilizadoras digitais, no entanto, há lacunas acerca do comportamento desses dispositivos frente a variáveis mecânicas e biológicas ainda desconhecidas. Dessa forma, o objetivo desse trabalho foi verificar se as resinas utilizadas na tecnologia digital das placas fresadas e impressas são capazes de influenciar na resistência à fratura e na adesão de micro-organismos em detrimento das resinas empregadas na confecção das placas termopolimerizáveis convencionais e se as propriedades testadas se relacionam com a variação da espessura desses dispositivos. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo in vitro que contou com as fases mecânica e microbiológica, sendo cada uma composta pelos grupos Convencional (GC) (n=30), Fresado (GF) (n=30) e Impresso (GI) (n=30), de acordo com o método de confecção, possuindo cada um três subgrupos (n=10) que variaram a espessura dos espécimes de 1 a 3 mm. Na fase mecânica, as amostras, com formato de barras de 65 mm, foram testadas quanto à resistência à fratura na máquina de ensaios universal, com célula de carga de 500 kgf e velocidade de 1 mm/min; na microbiológica, a forma foi de discos com 15 mm de diâmetro, submetidos à adesão de micro-organismos à superfície com a exposição a Streptococcus mutans e mantidos por 24h a 35 °C em estufa para sucessiva contagem de UFC, com controle positivo. Os testes foram feitos em triplicata e os dados foram armazenados no SPSS 22.0 e a análise estatística contou com a ANOVA e o pósteste de Tukey. Nos resultados da fase mecânica, o ANOVA identificou diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os grupos (p≤0,005), mostrando que GC e GF apresentaram melhores resultados. O pós-teste de Tukey considerou diferença estatisticamente significativa entre GF e GI (p=0,031), elencando GF como superior. Para a fase microbiológica, não foram verificadas diferenças estatísticas entre os grupos (p>0,005) em nenhuma das análises. Observou-se que para a resistência a fraturas, as resinas do modo fresado descreveram resultados superiores e/ou próximos aos da técnica convencional; e que as resinas da técnica digital e convencional, quanto à adesão superficial de micro-organismos, não diferiram entre si (AU).

CAD/CAM technology allowed the stabilizing splints manufacture, however there are gaps about these devices' behavior in face of mechanical and biological variables that are still unknown. Thus, the objective of this project was to verify if the resins used in digital technology of milled and printed stabilizer splints can influence fracture resistance and microorganism adhesion, in detriment of the resin applied in manufacture of conventional thermopolymerizable splints and if the tested properties are related to thickness variation of these devices. The method included mechanical and microbiological steps, each one composed by Conventional (CG) (n=30), Milled (MG) (n=30) and Printed (PG) (n=30) groups, according to the method of preparation, each one having three subgroups (n=10) that varied the specimen thickness from 1 to 3 mm. In the mechanical step, the samples, in the form of 65 mm bars, were tested for fracture resistance in a universal testing machine, with load cell of 500 kgf and speed of 1 mm/min; in the microbiological step, the shape was in form of 15 mm diameter discs, subjected to microorganism adhesion to the surface with exposure to Streptococcus mutans and kept for 24 hours at 35 °C in oven for successive CFU counting, with positive control. The tests were performed in triplicate and data were stored in SPSS 22.0 and statistical analysis used ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc. In the results of mechanical step ANOVA had identified statistically significant differences between the groups (p≤0,005), showing CG and MG had presented better results. Tukey´s post hoc had considered statistically significant difference between MG and PG (p=0,031), listing MG as superior. For the microbiological step, they did not show statistical differences between the groups (p>0.005) in any analysis. It was observed milled resins described superior results and/or close to the conventional technique one, for fracture resistance; and resins of digital and conventional technique, regarding the microorganism adhesion to the surface, did not differ from each other (AU).

Effect of Flexi-bar training in different exercise patterns on trunk stability muscles / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To compare the effects of Flexi-bar training in different exercise patterns on trunk stability muscles.Methods From June, 2020 to January, 2021, 21 healthy men in Beijing Bo'ai Hospital finished Flexi-bar exercise in seven patterns in random order, namely no vibration, two hands-front vibration, dominant hand-front vibration, non dominant hand-front vibration, two hands-up vibration, two hands-down vibration and two hands-back vibration. The average voltage of electromyography of upper trapezius, middle trapezius, lower trapezius, latissimus dorsi and lumbar multifidus were recorded with surface electromyography during seven kinds of Flexi-bar exercise.Results The average voltage of lumbar multifidus was the most as two hands-front vibration (F=42.362, P<0.001); however, it was the most for upper trapezius and lower trapezius as two hands-up vibration (F > 10.935, P<0.001), it was the most for latissimus dorsi as two hands-back vibration (F=35.243, P<0.001), and it was the most for ipsilateral middle trapezius as non dominant hand-front vibration (F=40.400, P<0.001).Conclusion Flexi-bar training can effectively activate the contraction of trunk stability muscles, and it can be optimized in targeted patterns.

External fixation in proximal Humerus Fracture in elderly and co- morbid patients

Fractures around proximal humerus are common injuries occurring in predominantly elderly female population associated with osteoporosis. Elderly age group associated with comorbidity gives good outcome with minimal intervention with external stabilization of the fracture avoiding major surgical procedure on proximal humerus. Objective:to study the outcomes of fixation of proximal humerus fracture by external stabilizing system in elderly, osteoporotic and comorbid patients. Methodology:we did study of 30 Neers type 3 and type 4 fracture patients in span of 12 months from fracture in which 17 were female and 13 were male patients. The age group was 50 to 75. The results external fixation of fracture was evaluated as per Neers criteria. Results:all 30 patients were followed till fracture got union. In Neers type 3 fracture 13 (81.25%) patients got good results while in type 4 fractures 09 (64.28%) patients got good results. Conclusion: external stabilization of Neers type 3 and 4 proximal humerus fracture patients who are elderly, osteoporotic and comorbid shows excellent outcome with this minimally invasive stabilizing system.

The efficacy of motion control technique based on mobility test in rehabilitation of patients with physiologi-cal sacroiliac joint dysfunction / 实用医学杂志

Objective To explore the short-term efficacy of individualized motion control training for the patients with physiological sacroiliac joint dysfunction. Methods 58 patients were diagnosed as sacroiliac joint dysfunction by standing and sitting stoop test and single leg test. All the patients were randomly divided into two groups. Rotation of the iliac bone was adjusted by muscle energy technique and impact technique in all the patients. The study group received additional exercise control training including local muscle drafting,flexibility and stability. The short-term efficacy was observed. Results VAS and ODI in the two groups were improved significantly after treatment,and there was significant difference between the two groups before treatment(P < 0.01). Three weeks after treatment,the VAS score and ODI in the control group increased,while those in the study group did not change significantly. There was a significant difference in the continuous efficacy of treatment between the two groups(P < 0.05). Conclusions Motion control training based on manipulative exercise test evaluation has a better continuous efficacy for patients with no-specific low back pain and sacroiliac joint dysfunction. It is worth clinically popularizing.

Preparation of poorly soluble drug curcumin nanocrystalline self-stabilized Pickering emulsion / 中草药

Objective: To prepare curcumin nanocrystalline (Cur-NC) self-stabilized Pickering emulsion (Cur-NCSPE). Methods: Cur-NCSPE was prepared by high pressure homogenization. The influences of homogenization pressure on Cur-NC size and drug content on Cur-NCSPE formation were studied. The morphology and structure of emulsion droplets were observed by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope. Furthermore, the stability and in vitro release properties of Cur-NCSPE were evaluated. Results: The particle size of Cur-NC was slightly changed when homogeneous pressure was greater than 100 MPa. With the increase of Cur, the amount of Cur-NC on the surface of oil droplets increases, and the particle size decreases. When the amount of drug added can completely cover the surface of oil droplets, increasing the amount of drug had little effect on the particle size. Cur-NCSPE was more stable than Cur-NC and Cur, and the in vitro release rate of Cur-NCSPE was significantly higher than that of Cur-NC and Cur coarse power. Conclusion: The Cur-NCSPE is prepared successfully, which is expected to provide a novel oral administration technology platform for the poorly soluble drugs.

Anti-inflammatory and membrane stabilizing properties of methyl jasmonate in rats / 中国天然药物

The present investigation was carried out to evaluate anti-inflammatory and membrane stabilizing properties of methyl jasmonate (MJ) in experimental rat models of acute and chronic inflammation. The effects of MJ on acute inflammation were assessed using carrageenan-induced rat's paw edema model. The granuloma air pouch model was employed to evaluate the effects of MJ on chronic inflammation produced by carrageenan in rats. The number of white blood cells (WBC) in pouch exudates was estimated using light microscopy. The levels of biomarkers of oxidative stress, such as malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and activity of antioxidant enzymes in the exudates, were determined using spectrophotometry. The membrane stabilizing property of MJ was assessed based on inhibition of hemolysis of rat red blood cells (RBC) exposed to hypotonic medium. Our results indicated that MJ (25-100 mg·kg, i.p.) produced significant anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats (P < 0.05). MJ reduced the volume of pouch exudates and the number of WBC in carrageenan-induced granulomatous inflammation. It also exhibited potent antioxidant and membrane stabilizing activities. In conclusion, these findings suggest the therapeutic potentials of methyl jasmonate in disease conditions associated with inflammation and its anti-inflammatory activity may be related to its antioxidant and membrane stabilizing activities.

Red yeast rice prevents atherosclerosis through regulating inflammatory signaling pathways / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effects of red yeast rice (RYR) on blood lipid levels, aortic atherosclerosis (AS), and plaque stability in apolipoprotein E gene knockout (ApoE-/-) mice.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-four ApoE-/- mice were fed with a high-fat diet starting from 6 weeks of age. Mice were randomized into three groups (n = 8 in each group): model group (ApoE-/- group), RYR group (ApoE-/- + RYR group), and simvastatin group (ApoE-/- + simvastatin group). Eight 6-week-old C57BL/6 mice were assigned as the control group and fed with a basic diet. After 36 weeks, plasma lipids and inflflammatory factors were measured. Aortic atherosclerotic lesions by microscope, scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope were observed. Plasma levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The level of high sensitivity C-reaction protein (Hs-CRP) was detected by the scattering immunoturbidimetric assay. Protein expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) in aorta were tested by immunohistochemistry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the model group, treatment with RYR significantly decreased the levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, lipoprotein (a), and apolipoprotein B100 in ApoE-/- mice (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, treatment with RYR decreased the levels of Hs-CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α (P<0.01). RYR also reduced the protein levels of NF-κB and MMP-9 of the aorta.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>RYR has the anti-atherosclerotic and stabilizing unstable plaque effects. The mechanism might be related to the inflflammatory signaling pathways.</p>

Application of biosynthesized ZnO nanoparticles on an electrochemical H 2 O 2 biosensor

ABSTRACT ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized via a green biochemical method using Corymbia citriodora leaf extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent. The biosynthesized ZnO NPs were characterized by SEM and XRD. An electrochemical H2O2 biosensor was fabricated by modification of a glassy carbon electrode using our proposed ZnO NPs. The electrochemical sensor showed excellent detection performance towards trace amounts of H2O2, demonstrating that it could potentially be used in clinical applications.

Evaluation of In vitro Antioxidant and In vivo Pharmacological Activity of Leaf Extracts of Hoya parasitica (Wall.).

In present study, leaf extract of Hoya parasitica Wall. was evaluated for in vitro antioxidant and membrane stabilizing activity along with in vivo gastro intestinal motility and acute toxicity. Five different assays were performed to evaluate antioxidant activity. In DPPH free radical scavenging activity, methanol, ethanol and chloroform extract exhibited IC50 value similar to standard ascorbic acid. The presence of flavonoid and phenolic contents was also similar in all the plant extracts. However, chloroform extract showed remarkable reducing power capacity (69.10% at 200μg/mL). In case of membrane stabilization, the chloroform extract showed maximum inhibition (32.62 %) of haemolysis, whereas the ethanol extract showed a significant (p<0.001) human RBC membrane stabilizing effect. In vivo gastrointestinal motility test indicates significant (p<0.001) increase in gastrointestinal motility by Methanol extract (100 and 200 mg/kg b.w.) and ethanol extract (200 mg/kg b.w.) compared to standard. Highest dose introduced as 1000, 2000 and 3000 mg/kg body weight of each extracts in acute toxicity study and did not shown any sign of toxicity in Swiss albino mice. The result obtained from this study, can be considered as preliminary and further sophisticated investigation is needed to isolate new bioactive compounds that might act as led compounds in future.

Phytochemical, antimicrobial and mast cell stabilizing activity of ethanolic extract of Solanum trilobatum Linn. leaves

Aims: Solanum trilobatum Linn., (Solanaceae) is one of the most widely used plants as food supplement in southern part of India and some parts of Southeast Asia. This plant is traditionally used for the treatment of respiratory illness. In animal studies, the extract of S. trilobatum showed significant antimicrobial, hepatoprotective and anticancer activities. The complete phytochemical profile, antimicrobial and mast cell stabilizing activities of S. trilobatum remains unclear. This study tests the antimicrobial, antihistaminic and mast cell stabilizing activities of ethanolic extract of leaves of S. trilobatum (EEST). Methodology and results: The phytochemical test was carried out using chemical and instrumental [Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)] analytical methods. Antimicrobial effect of EEST was tested against Streptococcus pneumonia, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Intestinal mesentery of Sprague Dawley (SD) rats was used to study the peritoneal mast cell stabilization activity of EEST. The rat intestinal mesentery was exposed to 50, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 600 μg/mL of EEST and the peritoneal mast cell stabilization activity was compared with that of standards (pheniramine 20 μg/mL and ketotifen 20 μg/mL). The phytochemical test showed the presence of carbohydrates, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins and phenolic compounds. GC-MS analysis indicated the presence of 45 fragmented compounds which included epoxylinalol, himachalol, illudol, epibuphanamine, baimuxinal and edulan IV. EEST exhibited antimicrobial activity at 10 mg/mL against S. aureus, S. pneumonia. Significant mast cell stabilizing activity was observed from the dose of 100 μg/mL to 600 μg/mL. Conclusion: Ethanolic extract of leaves of S. trilobatum possess significant antimicrobial and antihistaminic activity.

Green synthesis and characterization of Manganese nanoparticles using natural plant extracts and its evaluation of antimicrobial activity.

Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles is an interesting and expanding research area due to the potential applications for the ecofriendly development of novel technologies. Generally, nanoparticles are prepared by a variety of chemical and physical methods which are yield environmentally benign wastages largely. Present study reported a simple, convenient and low cost method for the synthesis of manganese nanoparticles by reducing manganese acetate with the help of easily available natural products viz., lemon extract as reducing agent and turmeric curcumin as a stabilizing agent. The curcumin was isolated from turmeric by using solvent extraction method and used for manganese nanoparticle stabilization. The characterization of curcumin and manganese nanoparticles was done by using UV- Vis and FT-IR spectroscopic techniques. The morphology of manganese nanoparticles was confirmed by SEM and TEM techniques. The size of MnNPs was in the ranges about 50nm. The antimicrobial activities of synthesized Mn nanoparticles were observed higher antimicrobial activity than the standard drug against S. aureus, C. lunata and T. simii and also exhibited similar inhibition activity to standard drug against E. coli, C. albicans, and A. niger.

Phytochemical and biological investigations of methanol extract of leaves of ziziphus mauritiana lam / Investigaciones fitoquímicas y biológicas de extractos metanólicos de hojas de ziziphus mauritiana lam

Seven compounds were isolated from the methanol extract of leaves of Ziziphus mauritiana. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated as y-fagarine (1), beta-sitosterol (2), stigmasterol (3), alfa-amyrin (4), lupeol (5), beta-amyrin (6) and betulin (7) by extensive spectroscopic studies and by co-TLC with authentic samples. This is the first report of isolation of compounds 1-7 from this plant species. The extractives from leaves were investigated for thrombolytic, membrane stabilizing, antimicrobial, antidiarrheal and analgesic potentials along with sleep inducing property on animal model. The thrombolytic and membrane stabilizing activities were assessed by using human erythrocyte comparing with standard streptokinase and acetylsalicylic acid, respectively. The methanolic extract reduced frequency of diarrheal faeces when compared to the standard loperamide. In castor oil induced diarrhea in mice a dose dependent decrease of gastrointestinal transits were observed. In radiant heat tail-flick method the methanol extract showed moderate antinociceptive activity, compared to standard morphine.

Siete compuestos fueron aislados del extracto metanólico de hojas de Ziziphus mauritiana. Las estructuras de los compuestos aislados fueron identificadas como y-fagarina (1), beta-sitosterol (2), estigmasterol (3), alfa-amirina (4), lupeol (5), beta-amirina (6) y betulina (7 ) por medio de extensivos estudios espectroscópicos y por co-TLC con muestras auténticas. Este es el primer informe de aislamiento de los compuestos 1-7 a partir de esta especie vegetal. Los extractos de las hojas fueron investigados por efectos trombolíticos, estabilizadores de membrana, antimicrobianos, antidiarreicos y potenciales analgésicos junto a la propiedad de inducir sueño en el modelo animal. Las actividades trombolíticos y la estabilización de la membrana se evaluaron mediante el uso de eritrocitos humanos comparando con estreptoquinasa estándar y el ácido acetilsalicílico, respectivamente. El extracto metanólico redujo la frecuencia de las heces diarreicas en comparación con el estándar de loperamida. En la inducción por aceite de ricino de diarrea en ratones, se observó una disminución dosis dependiente de los tránsitos gastrointestinales. En el método del coletazo producido por calor radiante, el extracto metabólico mostró una actividad antinociceptiva moderada, en comparación con la morfina estándar.

Research Progress on Lower Back Pain and Spinal Stability Theory / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

Lower back pain refers to the pain in the lower back. It usually refers to the region below the lower costal margin on the back. The pain mostly occurs on L4 and L5, or L5 and L1, which is usually called as lower back pain. For the treatment of low back pain, it has lacked the effective and objective measurement methods based on the functional and structural features of spinal muscles. This article discussed on the core stability and core strength, the identification and classification of core muscle group, the relation between core stabilizing muscle group and low back pain. It also discussed the characteristics and effects of training motion therapy in the improving of core strength. The core of human body was consisted of waist, pelvis and hip joint. Core stabilizing training can effectively stabilize the spine and transmit power. The question of how to train and improve the core strength to relieve low back pain and make effective evaluation according to its therapeutic results are the key points in the future study.

Cytotoxic, Thrombolytic and Membrane Stabilizing Activities of Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq. Flower Extract.

Aims: To investigate cytotoxic, thrombolytic and membrane stabilizing activities of methanol extract and its different Kupchan partitionates of flowers of Swietenia mahagoni. Study Design: Evaluation of cytotoxic activity using brine shrimp nauplii, thrombolytic and membrane stabilizing activities on human RBCs. Place and Duration of Study: Phytochemical Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Science, State University of Bangladesh, from April to September, 2013. Methodology: The eggs of brine shrimp nauplii were hatched in artificial sea water for 24 hours. Cytotoxic activity was determined by measuring the percentage of their mortality after application of different partitionates to them. Human RBCs were obtained from 3 healthy volunteers. Thrombolytic activity was calculated by weighing the clot before and after addition of different partitionates while membrane stabilizing activity was evaluated in terms of inhibition of percentage of haemolysis of RBCs by measuring optical density in both hypotonic and heat induced conditions. Results: The highest cytotoxic activity was achieved with the crude methanol extract (LC50 = 0.10±0.01 mg/ml) among the partitionates while vincristine sulfate, the positive control, achieved an LC50 value of 0.40±0.02 mg/ml. While investigating thrombolytic activity, the petroleum ether soluble fraction achieved the highest clot lysis activity (34.30±0.78%) compared to the standard streptokinase (70.27±1.26%). While determining the membrane stabilizing activity, in hypotonic solution induced condition, the crude methanol extract inhibited 84.71±3.25% haemolysis of RBCs whereas in heat induced condition, the aqueous soluble fraction inhibited 86.30±4.98% haemolysis of human RBCs. Here, acetyl salicylic acid (0.01mg/ml) used as reference standard showed 71.91±2.29% and 45.45±4.87% inhibition of haemolysis of human RBCs in hypotonic solution and heat induced conditions, respectively. Conclusion: From our investigation, it can be suggested that, the flower extractives can further be studied extensively to find out their efficacy.

Evaluation of Antioxidant, Cytotoxic, Antimicrobial, Membrane Stabilizing and Thrombolytic Activities of Polianthes tuberose Linn.

Aims: In the present study, the crude methanol extract of tuber of Polianthes tuberosa Linn along with its all Kupchan fractions were investigated for antioxidant, cytotoxic, antimicrobial, membrane stabilizing and thrombolytic activities. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out for one year in 2012 in the Department of Pharmacy, Manarat International University (MIU), Dhaka-1216, Bangladesh. Methodology: The antioxidant activity was evaluated by using free radical scavenging (DPPH) assay. Here, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) was used as standard antioxidant. The total phenolic content was also determined and expressed in gallic acid equivalent. Cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity of the plant fractions were determined by brine shrimp lethality bioassay as well as by the disc diffusion method, respectively. The membrane stabilizing activity was assessed by hypotonic solution and heat-induced methods and was compared with standard acetyl salicylic acid (ASA). Results: In the free radical scavenging assay, the crude methanol extraxct showed significant free radical scavenging activity with IC50 value 71.23 μg/ml. The highest phenolic content was found in crude methanol extract (113.49 mg of GAE/gm of extractives). In the brine shrimp lethality bioassay, both the crude methanol extract and its carbon tetrachloride soluble fraction demonstrated strong cytotoxic activity with LC50 value of 3.56 and 9.31 μg/ml, respectively compared to that of 0.451 μg/ml exhibited by standard vincristine sulfate (VS). In the disc diffusion antibacterial assay, all the plant samples showed mild to moderate activity (zone of inhibition = 9.0-15.0 mm) against test pathogens. In membrane stabilizing activity test, the plant samples at 2.0 mg/ml inhibited the isotonic solution-induced hemolysis of RBC by 65.23% and heat-induced hemolysis of RBC by 35.61%. During assay for thrombolytic activity, the crude methanol extract revealed 52.6% lysis of clot while standard streptokinase (SK) used as positive control, demonstrated 66.8% lysis of clot. Conclusion: The plant possesses significant bioactivities which rationalize its use as folk medicine.

Pharmacological Activities of Blumea lacera (Burm. f) DC: A Medicinal Plant of Bangladesh.

Aims: The crude methanol extract of whole plant of Blumea lacera (Burn.f.) DC. has been investigated for anti-diarrheal, antimicrobial, anxiolytic, anti-atherothrombosis, membrane stabilizing and alpha-amylase inhibitory activities. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in 2013 in the Department of Pharmacy, Southern University Bangladesh, Chittagong, Bangladesh. Methodology: Test for anti-diarrheal activity was carried out by castor oil-induced diarrhea in mice. The preliminary antimicrobial activity was determined by the agar disc diffusion method. The anxiolytic activity was examined in mice by using the hole board test and open field test (OFT). The anti-atherothrombosis activity was evaluated using standard streptokinase. The membrane stabilizing activity was assessed by using hypotonic solution induced hemolysis of human erythrocyte. The plant extract was also assessed for anti-diabetic ability using In vitro α-amylase inhibitory potential. The α- amylase inhibitory activity of B. lacera was measured using the starch-iodine method. Results: The crude extract of B. lacera showed anti-diarrheal activity in dose-dependent manner. In antimicrobial assay, this extract showed better activity against the tested fungi compared to the bacteria used in the screening. Significant anxiolytic activity was found for this plant extract. In the In vitro anti-atherothrombosis test, the extract exhibited 46.17% clot lysis as compared to the standard, streptokinase (81.53%). In membrane stabilizing activity test, the plant extract at 1.0mg/ml inhibited the heat-induced hemolysis of RBCs by 52.27% whereas the standard acetyl salicylic acid (ASA) demonstrated 81.72% inhibition of hemolysis. Our results revealed that the extract had dose dependent prevention of digestion of carbohydrates by inhibiting α-amylase. The ability of B. lacera to inhibit thermal-and hypotonic-enzyme activity was found to be statistically significant (p=0.05). Conclusion: These results demonstrated that B. lacera may be used in pharmaceutical applications because of its effective pharmacological properties.

Advance in Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization Training (review) / 中国康复理论与实践

@#This article mainly discussed the concept and application of dynamic neuromuscular stabilization in order to make up for the defect that some of the traditional training only focus on large muscle groups, and ignore the deep trunk muscles, especially the small deep muscles.