ABSTRACT
El trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad (TDAH) es un trastorno del neurodesarrollo crónico, complejo y multifactorial asociado con elevadas tasas de concurrencia con otros trastornos psiquiátricos, junto con problemas y repercusiones en diferentes áreas del funcionamiento del individuo. El TDAH no es exclusivo de la edad infanto-juvenil, estimándose una persistencia del 40-60% en la edad adulta, de modo que entre 2.5 y 5% de adultos continúan presentando este trastorno. La adolescencia es una etapa en la que se producen grandes y continuos cambios y que se asocia con una menor adherencia al tratamiento, una mayor vulnerabilidad a la aparición de problemas académicos, más conductas de riesgo, el inicio en el consumo de sustancias y la aparición de otros trastornos comórbidos. Se produce también la transición a los servicios o unidades de adultos, siendo necesaria una mayor coordinación entre los servicios infanto-juveniles y de adultos para asegurar una continuidad de la intervención en una etapa d e la vida en la que el paciente es especialmente vulnerable. Como en el caso de los niños y adolescentes, el tratamiento recomendado en el adulto con TDAH es el abordaje multimodal y multidisciplinar, que combina la medicación con estrategias psicológicas o psicosociales, como la psicoeducación, la terapia cognitivo conductual o el coaching, adaptadas a las necesidades individuales de cada paciente. Los fármacos psicoestimulantes son considerados de primera elección en adultos por las guías clínicas.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a chronic, complex and multifactorial neurodevelopmental disorder associated with high rates of concurrent psychiatric disorders, along with problems and complications on different areas of individual functioning. ADHD is not exclusively a childhood disorder, 40-60% persisting into adulthood with an estimated prevalence of 2.5-5%. Adolescence is a stage where great and continuous changes occur, associated with a lower adherence to treatment, a greater vulnerability to the emergence of academic problems, more risk-behaviors, the onset of substance use and higher rates of other comorbid disorders. The transition to adult services or units also occurs at this stage, requiring greater coordination between child/adolescent and adult services to ensure continuity of care in a phase of life in which the patient is particularly vulnerable. As in the case of children and adolescents, the recommended treatment for adults with ADHD is the multimodal and multidisciplinary approach, that combines medication with psychological or psychosocial strategies, such as psycho-education, cognitive behavioral therapy or coaching, adapted to the individual needs of each patient. Clinical guidelines recommend psycho-stimulant drugs as first-line treatments for adult patients with ADHD.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/therapy , Transition to Adult Care/standards , Treatment Adherence and Compliance/psychology , Patient Care Planning/standards , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/psychology , ComorbidityABSTRACT
Objective To explore the application and effect of psychological intervention in stimulating intravenous infusion of drugs in neurology department. Methods In the control group, the patients in the neurology department selected appropriate stimulant drugs according to their actual conditions, and the patients in the study group received psychological intervention on the basis of stimulating drugs and intravenous treatment. Records the two groups of neurology patients treatment compliance, before and after treatment of neurological function changes, the data into the SPSS software, after statistical analysis, and draw conclusions. Results Before treatment, two groups of neurology patients were compared with the NIHSS scale score; after the treatment of nerve function improvement (NIHSS scale decline) than the control group, the study group (P<0.05). Department of neurology patients with complete compliance (82.61%) was significantly higher than the control group (50.00%, P<0.05). Conclusion On the basis of stimulating drugs intravenous infusion in the treatment of Neurology, patients with targeted psychological intervention can significantly improve the treatment compliance, and is conducive to the protection of patients with drug treatment effect.