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1.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-230720

ABSTRACT

The Field experiment was carried out during rabi season of 2021-22 and 2022-23 at Students Instructional Farm, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur. The experiment consist of 14 treatments combinations in factorial randomized block design with three replications consisted of 7 fertility levels (including sulphur and zinc) and two varietal factors (i.e. Rohini & Maya). Mustard varieties Rohini & Maya were grown with the recommended agronomic practices. On the basis of results emanated from investigation it can be concluded that among the metabolic studies the maximum chlorophyll content at pre and post anthesis are 46.70 and 48.88 SPAD were recorded in the treatment T14 [Var. Maya with Sulphur @900 ppm] during the first year (2021-22). Maximum rate of photosynthesis at pre and post anthesis are 25.97 and 33.29 µmole m-2/ s-1 respectively, during 1st years of experimentation were associated with the treatment T14 [Var. Maya with Sulphur @900 ppm]. Similarly during 2nd year of experimentation the maximum pre and post anthesis chlorophyll content (47.27 and 49.45 SPAD) and pre and post anthesis rate of photosynthesis (26.32 and 34.50 µmole m-2/ s-1) was found in the treatment T14 [Var. Maya with Sulphur @900 ppm]. Along with this, among the phenological studies minimum number of days taken to anthesis, number of days taken to 50 % flowering and number of days taken to maturity, was also found in the treatment T14 [Var. Maya with Sulphur @900 ppm].

2.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-230712

ABSTRACT

An investigation was carried out during 2021-22 at various land use planning of Kanpur Nagar (U.P.) to evaluate the availability of nutrients effect of various land use planning on soil. The 504 representative soil samples with 3 depths viz. 0-15, 15-30, and 30-60 cm soil samples were taken with manually driven post hole auger and processed for soil analysis from different land use planning of Kanpur Nagar. Available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, Sulphur, micro nutrients (Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn) and notable available Nitrogen in different lands low in ranged from 112.4 – 199.3 kg ha-1. The Phosphorus availability was found in ranged from 8.40 - 19.90 kg ha-1, while Potassium was found in ranged from 111.30 - 192.10 kg ha-1. However the availability of Sulphur, was found in ranged from 7.40 - 23.80 mg kg-1 and the availability of micro nutrients like - available Iron ranged from 4.34- 16.9 mg kg-1, available Manganese ranged from 1.10- 10.9 mg kg-1, available Copper ranged from 0.47 – 3.76 mg kg-1, and available Zinc ranged from 0.33- 2.54 mg kg-1.

3.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-230405

ABSTRACT

A research experiment was conducted at vegetable research Complex, Maharajpur, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, JNKVV Jabalpur. The experiment was done to study the effect of sulphur and salicylic acid on Yamuna safed -2 variety of Garlic. The growth, yield, and quality of garlic can be influenced by various factors, including nutrient availability and plant growth regulators like salicylic acid. Sulphur is an essential nutrient for plant growth and plays a crucial role in the development of garlic plants. The experiment was conducted in Randomized Block Design with combination of different concentrations of sulphur (0 kg/ha, 30 kg/ha and 45 Kg/ha) and salicylic acid (60 ppm and 120 ppm). Growth parameters like plant height, number of leaves and pseudostem diameter were found maximum in treatment T-9 (sulphur 45kg/ha and SA 120ppm). Yield parameters like average bulb weight (22.27 gm), Polar diameter (4.41 cm) and Equatorial diameter (3.79 cm) average weight of 10 cloves (9.10 gm), Total soluble solids and Pyruvic acid were also maximum in T-9 (Sulphur 45kg/ha and SA 120 ppm) (42.30 oBrix and 66.09 µmol/gm respectively). From the above findings it can be concluded that for garlic plant the best doses for salicylic acid and sulphur were found to be 120 ppm and 45 kg/ha. Also with graded levels of salicylic acid and sulphur various parameters increased effecttively.

4.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-230246

ABSTRACT

During Rabi 2022, a field trial was conducted at the SHUATS Agriculture Crop Research Farm in Prayagraj. The soil in the experimental plot was sandy loamy, with a near-neutral soil response (pH 7.1), low organic carbon content (0.36%), available nitrogen (171.48 kg/ha), available phosphorus (15.2 kg/ha), and had an effective soil. K (232.5 kg/ha). The experiment was set up with a randomized block design in which he repeated nine treatments three times, based on a one-year experiment. The treatments are T1: Sulphur 20 kg/ha-1 + Mo 0.5 kg/ha-1, T2: Sulphur 20 kg/ha- 1 + Mo 1.0 kg/ha-1, T3: Sulphur 20 kg/ha-1 + Mo 1.5 kg/ha-1, T4: Sulphur 30 kg/ha-1 + Mo 0.5 kg/ha- 1, T5: Sulphur 30 kg/ha-1 + Mo 1.0 kg/ha-1, T6: Sulphur 30 kg/ha-1 + Mo 1.5 kg/ha-1, T7: Sulphur 40 kg/ha-1 + Mo 0.5 kg/ha-1, T8: Sulphur 40 kg/ha-1 + Mo 1.0 kg/ha-1, T9: Sulphur 40 kg/ha-1 + Mo 1.5 kg/ha-1, T10: Control are used. The application of Sulphur 40 kg/ha-1 + Mo 0.5 kg/ha-1, recorded significant Plant height (56.25 cm), Number of nodules/plant (9.00), Plant dry weight (22.13 g/plant), maximum pods/plant (19.00), Seeds/pod (8.21), Test weight (35.45 g), Seed yield (2.29 t/ha).

5.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-230241

ABSTRACT

Field test carried out during Zaid 2023 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences (SHUATS), Prayagraj (U.P). The soil in the field was found to be sandy loam, neutral in soil reaction (pH 7.10), natural carbon (0.50%), accessible N (183.40 kg/ha), accessible P (37.56 kg/ha) and accessible K (200.06 kg/ha). The experiment was a randomized block design as the experiment consisting of nine treatments each repeated three times. The treatment combinations are 1: Sulphur 10 kg/ha + Zinc 3 kg/ha, 2: Sulphur 10 kg/ha + Zinc 6 kg/ha, 3: Sulphur 10 kg/ha + Zinc 9 kg/ha, 4: Sulphur 20 kg/ha + Zinc 3 kg/ha, 5: Sulphur 20 kg/ha + Zinc 6 kg/ha, 6: Sulphur 20 kg/ha + Zinc 9 kg/ha, 7: Sulphur 30 kg/ha + Zinc 3 kg/ha, 8: Sulphur 30 kg/ha + Zinc 6 kg/ha, 9: Sulphur 30 kg/ha + Zinc 9 kg/ha, 10: Control 20:40:25 (N:P:K) kg/ha are used. The important findings of the experiment have been summarized and concluded here under the objectives taken. The application of Sulphur 30 kg/ha + Zinc 6 kg/ha, observed maximum Plant height (104.00 cm), highest number of nodules per plant (16.93) Plant dry weight (26.56 g/plant). Maximum pods/plant (41.07), Seeds/pod (10.00), Test weight (4.45g), Seed yield (2.03 t/ha), stover yield (3.98 t/ha), Harvest index (33.76%) were noted with the treatment combination of Sulphur 30 kg/ha + Zinc 6 kg/ha.

6.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-230207

ABSTRACT

Front-line demonstrations were conducted at farmer’s fields of tribal villages of Jabalpur (7 No.) and Mandla (6 No.) districts during Kharif 2012 and 2013, respectively. Results revealed that the application of 5 kg Zinc +Recommended Dose of Fertilizer (Zn+ RDF ha-1) significantly increased the grain yield (4.53 and 4.70 t ha-1) zinc content in grain (13.18 and 12.97 mgkg-1) and total Zn uptake (190.31 and 184.79 g ha-1) and post-harvest available Zn (0.73 and 0.71 mg kg-1) over farmer’s practices or RDF during both the years. While, the S content in grain and straw of rice, their total S uptake and post- harvest available S increased significantly with the application of 40 kg S ha-1 +RDF and 5 kg Zn+40 kg S ha-1+RDF over farmers practice/ RDF/5 kg Zn ha-1+ RDF during both the years.With the application of 5 kg Zn +40 kg S +RDF ha-1, the extension gap was maximum (0.93 and 1.12 t ha-1) while, the least technology gap (0.47 and 0.30) and technology index (9.4 and 6.0%) were recorded. The performance of improved technology (5 kg Zn + RDF) emphasized the need to organize Kisan School in the deficient areas for the acceptance of improved technologies to bridge the wide extension gap.

7.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-230200

ABSTRACT

The greater challenges of the 21st century is affordably meeting nutritious food demand for a world population which were expected to surpass 9.6 billion people at middle of the century and at the same time sustaining a quality and quantity of a natural resources and biodiversity. Coming to the reality a need of urgent attention for technological innovations in a sector of food production ultimately leading for “greater protein and energy production per unit of resource input”. Therefore, a field experimented was conducted at Chamelti Agriculture Farm, MS Swaminathan School of Agriculture, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan during kharif season of 2022 to study the effect of row spacing and nitrogen sources on growth, yield and economics of babycorn. The results reveals that significantly higher growth and yield attributing characters were observed with wider spacing of (R3) 60 cm and (N4) nano urea. However, higher yield and economic returns were significantly higher with row spacing of (R2) 45 cm along with (N4) nano urea. On the basis of B: C ratio, row spacing of (R2) 45 cm along with (N4) nano urea was found to be remunerative for baby corn under Mid hills of Himachal Pradesh.

8.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-230027

ABSTRACT

The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with nine treatments each replicated thrice on the basis of one year of experimentation. The treatments which are T1: 2% Sulphur+0.5% zinc, T2: 2% Sulphur+ 1% Zinc, T3: 2% Sulphur + 1.5% Zinc, T4: 3% Sulphur + 0.5% Zinc, T5: 3% Sulphur +1% Zinc, T6: 3% Sulphur +1.5% Zinc, T7: 4% Sulphur + 0.5% Zinc, T8: 4% Sulphur+ 1% Zinc, T9: 4% Sulphur +1.5% Zinc, T10 N:P: K 20:40:40 kg/ha. The results showed that application of 4% Sulphur+ 1.5% Zinc was recorded significantly higher plant height (79.17 cm), nodules/ plant (30.93), Plant dry weight (22.83 g/plant), No. of pods/ plant (12.14), Test weight (100.23 g), maximum crop growth rate (8.82g/m2/day). However, higher Seed yield (1.32 t/ha), Stover Yield (3.48 t/ha) gross returns (INR84971.50/ha), net return (INR60594.40/ha) and benefit cost ratio (1.28) were obtained with application of 4% Sulphur+1.5% Zinc as compared to other treatments.

9.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-230024

ABSTRACT

A research trail was conducted in Kharif 2022, at Crop research form, SHUATS, Prayagraj. To study the “Influence of Sulphur and Molybdenum on Growth, Yield and Economics of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)” The treatments consist of three levels of Sulphur (30. 35 and 40 kg/ha) and three levels of Molybdenum (0.5 %, 1% and 1.5 %). Experiment were laid out in randomized block design with 10 treatments each replicated thrice. The result showed that viz: higher plant height (52.17 cm), No. of nodules/plant (68.50), Plant dry weight (50.67 g), No. of branch/plant (9.05), No. of pods/plant (15.80), No of grain/pod (3.00), Higher Seed yield (2.71 t/ha), Stover Yield (4.30 t/ha), Gross returns (1,46,255.73 INR/ha), Net return (98,838.73 INR/ha) and Benefit cost ratio (1.91) recorded in treatment 9 Sulphur 40kg/ha + Molybdenum (1.5%).

10.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-229987

ABSTRACT

A field experiment ‘‘Response of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) to potassium and sulphur’’ was conducted at S D Agricultural University, Gujarat during rabi season 2021-22 on loamy sand soil. The experiment comprised of 9 treatment combinations. Application of 40 kg K2O/ha significantly influenced the growth viz., plant height at 60, 90 DAS and at harvest, number of primary, secondary, tertiary branches per plant and yield attributes viz., number of umbels per plant, seed yield per plant, 1000 seed weight as well as seed and straw yields. The maximum seed and straw yields were recorded under the application of 30 kg S/ha similar response trend was also observed in growth and yield attributes.

11.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-229915

ABSTRACT

The present study in pot experiments was conducted on “Influence of phosphorus and sulphur application on sesame yield in high P soils of Telangana”. The experiment was conducted in two different levels of high phosphorus status soils with 67.29 kg P2O5 ha-1 in soil 1 (S1) and 83.46 kg P2O5 ha-1 in soil 2 (S2). The treatments were taken in factorial completely randomized design in combination of five levels of phosphorus (P0-0, P25- 5, P50-10,P75-15 and P100-20 kg ha-1 of soil) four levels of sulphur (S0-0,S1-10,S2-20 and S3-30 kg ha-1 of soil). A significant increase in seed yield of sesame crop could be achieved by combined application of P75 (15 kg P2O5 ha-1) + S20 (20 kg S ha-1) in high available phosphorus soils. Among the various treatments tested within two high P soils, in S1 maximum seed (11.89 g pot-1) and stalk yield (21.98 g pot-1) was obtained with combined application of P75 (15 kg P2O5 ha-1) + S20 (20 kg S ha-1) while in S2 maximum seed (11.92 g pot-1) and stalk yield (21.89 g pot-1) was obtained with combined application of P50 (10 kg P2O5 ha-1) + S20 (20 kg S ha-1).

12.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-229337

ABSTRACT

At the Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology, and Sciences, Prayagraj (U.P.), India, a field experiment was carried out during Rabi season of 2022. To study how zinc and sulphur affect lentil growth and output. Sulphur (20, 30, 40 kg/ha) and zinc (5, 6, 7 kg/ha) make up the treatments. The soil of experimental plot was sandy loamy in texture, nearly neutral in soil reaction (pH 7.8), low in organic carbon (0.35%). Results revealed that the higher in yield attributes viz. number of pods/plant (148.77), maximum number of seeds/pod (1.80), 1000 seed weight (25.27 g), maximum seed yield (1.78 t/ha), stover yield (3.05 t/ha) and economics viz. Higher gross returns (INR 1,06,980/ha), net returns (INR 74,445/ha) and B:C ratio (2.29) were also recorded in treatment-9 (Sulphur 40 kg/ha + Zinc 7.0 kg/ha).

13.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-229332

ABSTRACT

The field experiment was carried out during the Zaid season of 2022 at the Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj (U.P.) India. To study the response of sulphur and zinc on the growth and yield of Pearl millet. The treatments consist of sulphur @ 20, 30 and 40 kg/ha and zinc @ 5, 10 and15 kg/ha. There were 9 treatments each replicated thrice. The soil of the experimental plot was sandy loamy in texture, nearly neutral in soil reaction (pH 7.8), low in organic carbon (0.35%), available N (163.42 kg/ha), available P (21.96 kg/ha) and available K (256.48 kg/ha). Results revealed that the higher plant height (198.06 cm), plant dry weight (75.83 g/plant), crop growth rate (47.70 g/m2 /day), ear head length (25.2 cm), grains/ear head (2006.0), test weight (8.57 gm), higher grain yield (40.95 q/ha) and higher stover yield (40.95 q/ha) were significantly influenced with the application of sulphur 40 kg/ha + zinc 15 kg/ha. Higher gross returns (INR 92145.00/ha), higher net returns (INR 62365.00/ha) and a higher B: C ratio (2.09) were also recorded in treatment-9 (sulphur 40 kg/ha+zinc 15 kg/ha).

14.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-229306

ABSTRACT

A field experiment was conducted during Rabi season of 2022 at the Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology And Sciences, Prayagraj (U.P.) India. To study the Response of Sulphur and Spacing on growth and yield of Toria. The treatments consist of Sulphur 15, 30, 45 kg/ha and Spacing 20×15, 20×20, 25×20 cm. There were 10 treatments each replicated thrice. The soil of experimental plot was sandy loamy in texture, nearly neutral in soil reaction pH (7.2) with EC-0.187 (dS/m), low in organic carbon (0.72%) available N (178.48 kg/ha), available P (27.80 kg/ha) and available K (233.24 kg/ha). Results revealed that the higher plant height (105.93 cm), higher plant dry weight (17.70 g), higher crop growth rate (13.8 g/m2/day), higher number of siliquae/plant (216.19), higher seeds/ siliquae (23.67), higher test weight (3.64 g), higher seed yield (1.76 kg/ha), higher stover yield (3.21 kg/ha) and higher harvest index (35.39%) were significantly influenced with application of Sulphur 45 kg/ha + Spacing 25×20 cm.

15.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-229249

ABSTRACT

A field experiment was conducted during Rabi 2022 at the Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, (U.P) India to study the Effect of Sulphur and foliar application of Iron on Yield and Economics of Lentil. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design comprising of two factors viz., Sulphur (20, 30, 40 kg/ha), Iron (control, 0.3%, 0.5%) and a Control (20-40-20 NPK kg/ha). There were 10 treatments each replicated thrice. The soil of experimental plot was sandy loam in texture, nearly neutral in soil reaction (pH 6.9), Organic carbon (0.112%), available N (278.93 kg/ha), available P (10.8 kg/ha), and available K (206.4 kg/ha). Application of Sulphur and foliar application of Iron significantly influenced the yield and economics over control. Results revealed that yield attributes like more number of pods per plant (162.40), more number of seeds per pod (2.53), higher seed yield (1556.19 kg/ha) and higher stover yield (2868.3 kg/ha) were recorded with application of Sulphur 40 kg/ha + Iron 0.5%. Maximum gross returns (85590.45 INR/ha), net returns (57460.45 INR/ha) and benefit cost ratio (2.04) were also recorded in same treatment T9 (Sulphur 40 kg/ha + Iron 0.5%).

16.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-229073

ABSTRACT

The study was conducted during the Zaid season of 2022 on Sunflower crop at the crop research farm (CRF) in the Department of Agronomy, SHUATS, Prayagraj (U.P.) India, which is located at 25024' 42" N latitude, 810 50' 56" E longitude and 98 m altitude above the mean sea level, for evaluating the impact of different levels of Sulphur and foliar application of boron on sunflower crop. The experimental design consisted of 10 treatments, including a control, with 3 levels of Sulphur (40, 45, and 50 kg/ha) and 3 levels of Boron (200 ppm at 30 and 45 days and 100 ppm at 30 and 45 DAS). The experiment was arranged in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with ten treatments and three replications. The results revealed that application of Sulphur 50 kg/ha in combination with Boron 100 ppm at 30 and 45 DAS showed the highest stem girth (2.96 cm), plant dry weight (50.67g/plant) and the yield attributes namely number of seeds per capitulum (367.86), Test weight (40.84 g), Seed yield (1.48t/ha) and Stover yield (3.87t/ha) and the highest benefit cost ratio (1.70).

17.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-229066

ABSTRACT

A field experiment was conducted during Zaid 2022 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology And Sciences, Prayagraj (U.P). To determine the “Impact of sulphur and boron levels on growth, yield, and economics of summer green gram (Vigna radiata L.)”. To study treatments consisting of three Sulphur viz. 5, 10 and 15 kg/ha and three levels of Boron 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.6%. There were 10 treatments, each of which was replicated three times and laid out in a random block design. The results showed that treatment 9 [Sulphur (15 kg/ha) + Boron (0.6%)] showed the highest performance of all treatments with a plant height of (47.5 cm), number of branches/plants (8.80), plant dry weight (7.38 g), number of nodules/plant (7.40). Where as, maximum number of pods/plant (29.4), maximum number of seeds/pod (10.33), higher seed yield (1.21 t/ha), higher haulm yield (2.81 t/ha), higher harvest index (30.3 %), was recorded in treatment 9 [Sulphur (15 kg/ha) + Boron (0.6%)]. Similarly, maximum gross returns (82,022.00 INR/ha), higher net returns (53,522.30 INR/ha) and highest benefit cost ratio (1.88) was also recorded in treatment 9 [Sulphur (15 kg/ha) + Boron (0.2%)] as compared to other treatments.

18.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-229029

ABSTRACT

A field experiment was conducted during Zaid 2022 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology And Sciences, Prayagraj (U.P). To determine the “Influence of sulphur and foliar application of molybdenum on growth and yield of summer cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.).” The results showed that treatment 9 [Sulphur (30kg/ha) + Molybdenum (15ppm)] recorded significantly higher plant height (59.5 cm), higher number of branches/plant (6.60), higher number of nodules/plant (33.80), higher plant dry weight (16.26 g). Whereas, maximum number of pods/plant (14.87), maximum number of seeds/pod (10.67), higher test weight (133.34 g), higher seed yield (1.03 t/ha), higher haulm yield (1.70 t/ha), was recorded in treatment 9 [sulphur (30kg/ha) + Molybdenum (15ppm)]. Similarly, maximum gross returns (73,697.44 INR/ha), higher netreturns (49,050.92 INR/ha) and highest benefit cost ratio (1.99) was also recorded in treatment 9 [sulphur (30kg/ha) + Molybdenum (15ppm)] as compared to other treatments.

19.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-229015

ABSTRACT

A field experiment was conducted at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agriculture Institute, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, UP, during the Zaid season of 2022 on sandy loam soil. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design, consisting of three levels of sulphur (10 kg/ha, 15 kg/ha, 25 kg/ha) and three levels of iron as a foliar spray (1500, 2000, 2500 mg/kg). The maize variety Kanchan was sown in April 2022. The results of the experiment revealed that the application of 25 kg/ha of sulphur along with 2500 mg/kg of iron significantly increased the growth parameters viz., plant height (196.4 cm), and dry weight (83.03 g/plant), whereas, application of 25 kg/ha of sulphur and iron at 2500 mg/kg also showed a positive effect on economics viz., gross returns (121644.00 INR/ha), net returns (84843.00 INR/ha) and B: C (1:2.30).

20.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-228842

ABSTRACT

A field trial was undertaken on the crop black gram in the Zaid season of 2021–2022, at the Crop Research Farm (CRF), in the department of agronomy, SHUATS, Prayagraj, (U.P). The trail was carried out to research “the influence of different levels of phosphorus, sulphur, and zinc on black gram crop”. The soil of the exploratory plot had a sandy loam texture, a naturally occurring pH of 7.1, a low level of organic carbon (0.36%), and readily available amounts of N (171.48 kg/ha), P (15.2 kg/ha), and K (232.5 kg/ha). The treatment included two amounts of phosphorus (40 and 50 kg/ha), sulphur (15 and 20 kg/ha), zinc (10 and 15 kg/ha) and a control. The experiment was designed in RBD, duplicated three times, and included nine treatments. The experiment's findings indicated that applying 50 kg/ha of phosphorus and 15 kg/ha of zinc to the soil (Treatment 8) resulted in the highest plant height (28.50 cm), number of nodules per plant counted (25.77), maximum plant dry weight (4.19 g/plant), higher number of pods per plant (30.67), a greater number of seeds per pod (12.00), test weight (36.30 g), seed yield (0.85 t/ha), straw yield (1.99 t/ha), and harvest index, were found to be non-significant. The same treatment (T8) also produced the maximum gross return (73720 INR/ha), net return (47732 INR/ha), and benefit: cost ratio (1.83).

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