Síndrome de Sweet posinfeccioso

El síndrome de Sweet es un tipo de dermatosis neutrofílica infrecuente, caracterizado por un cuadro febril agudo con aparición de lesiones en piel tipo pápulas y placas eritematosas y dolorosas, con neutrofilia periférica acompañante, que mejora con el uso de corticoides. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 22 años, con vitíligo como enfermedad de base, que acude por un cuadro de 1 semana de evolución de sensación febril no graduada y aparición insidiosa de lesiones en piel foto expuesta. Se realizó estudios laboratoriales e histopatológicos llegando al diagnóstico de síndrome de Sweet. Con los resultados de los estudios paraclínicos se inició tratamiento con corticoides sistémicos y tópicos con excelente respuesta.

Sweet syndrome is a rare type of neutrophilic dermatosis, characterized by an acute febrile picture with the appearance of painful erythematous papules and plaques on the skin, with accompanying peripheral neutrophilia, which improves with the use of corticosteroids. The case of a 22-year-old patient, with vitiligo as the underlying disease, is presented. She attended for a 1-week history of ungraded feverish sensation and insidious appearance of lesions on photo-exposed skin. Laboratory and histopathological studies were carried out, leading to the diagnosis of Sweet syndrome. With the results of the paraclinical studies, treatment with systemic and topical corticosteroids was started with an excellent response.

Estado de las Políticas de regulación para el consumo de azúcar y para la comida chatarra en 3 países de América Latina

Introducción: El consumo de bebidas azucaradas y alimentos no saludables es un problema de Salud Pública y de las Políticas Públicas que buscan reducir el impacto de las Enfermedades No Trasmisibles (ENT) en América Latina. Objetivo: identificar las Políticas Públicas generadas en Colombia, Argentina y Chile para la regulación del consumo de azúcar y comida chatarra. Materiales y Métodos: Análisis exploratorio a través de una revisión de literatura y revisión de documentos normativos. Resultados: Colombia en el año 2021 sancionó la Ley 2120 denominada "Ley de Comida Chatarra", que promueve el acceso a información necesaria para fomentar entornos alimentarios saludables y prevenir las ENT, que incluye nuevas normas para el etiquetado de alimentos y describir sus características al consumidor y así limitar el consumo de alimentos procesados y ultraprocesados. Chile fue pionero en el desarrollo de los sellos de advertencia y desde el año 2014, aplica un impuesto adicional a las bebidas no alcohólicas. Argentina en 2021, sancionó la ley que obliga a la industria de alimentos a disponer de etiquetas en los envases que alerten al consumidor sobre los excesos de azúcares, grasas y sodio Conclusiones: Los tres países investigados cuentan con políticas de etiquetado de alimentos procesados, y en Chile existen impuestos a las bebidas azucaradas. Es importante estudiar el impacto de dichas políticas en la prevalencia y severidad de las ENT y de la caries.

Abstract: The consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and unhealthy foods is a public health problem that has become a regulatory issue for the public policies aimed at reducing the impact of Non Communicable Diseases (NCDs) in Latin America. Objective: to identify the Public Policies in Colombia, Argentina and Chile for the regulation of the consumption of sugar and junk food. Materials and methods. Exploratory analysis through a literature and policy documents review. Results: In 2021, Colombia approved the Law 2120 called "Junk Food Law" promoting public access to information for a healthy food environment to prevent NCDs. It includes food labeling for overweight and obesity prevention and establishes a specific labeling regulation for processed and ultra-processed food and sweet drink products. Chile was pioneer in the development of warning stamps on food packages and since 2014 also taxes sweet non-alcoholic beverages. In 2021, Argentina approved a law to add labels on food packages to alert consumers about excess of sugars, fats and sodium. Conclusions: The three investigated countries have labeling policies for processed food, and Chile puts taxes on sugary drinks. It is important to study the impact of these policies on NCD prevalence, severity and on dental caries.

El consumo de bebidas dulces incrementa diferencialmente la expresión de Oxitocina en núcleos hipotalámicos / The consumption of sweet drinks differentially increases the expression of oxytocin in hypothalamic nuclei

Resumen Se reconoce la participación de la oxitocina en el control de la alimentación, pero su mecanismo de acción no se ha establecido totalmente. Por tanto, el objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el efecto del acceso intermitente a una solución de sacarosa, sobre la expresión de las neuronas del núcleo paraventricular (PVN) y del núcleo supraótico (SON) que producen oxitocina (Oxt), y caracterizar la microestructura de la conducta de beber en ratas saciadas. Se tuvieron tres grupos de ratas macho Wistar saciadas, y en la primera hora al inicio del periodo de luz, el grupo Control tuvo agua, el grupo Restringido 5g de una solución de sacarosa al 20% y el grupo Ad libitum acceso libre a la solución de sacarosa. Los sujetos incrementaron el consumo de la solución de sacarosa a pesar de estar saciados; debido a la interrupción del estado de saciedad y la demora de la satisfacción. La actividad de las neuronas de Oxt se incrementó en ambos núcleos, en el grupo Restringido la mayor expresión se observó en el SON y en el grupo Ad libitum en el PVN. No se encontró correlación entre la cantidad de bebida ingerida y la actividad de las neuronas Oxt.

Abstract The role of oxytocin in feeding control is recognized, but its mechanism of action has not been fully established. Therefore, the aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of intermittent access to a sucrose solution on the expression of paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and supraotic nucleus (SON) neurons that produce oxytocin (Oxt), and to characterize the microstructure of drinking behavior in satiated rats. Three groups of male Wistar rats satiated were used, and in the first hour at the beginning of the light period, a Control group had water, a Restricted group 5g of a 20% sucrose solution and Ad libitum group with free access to sucrose solution. The experimental subjects increased the consumption of the sucrose solution despite being satiated, due to the interruption of the state of satiety and the delay of the satiation process. Oxt neurons increased their activity in both nuclei, in the Restricted group the highest expression was observed in the SON and in the Ad libitum group in the PVN. No correlation was found between the amount of drink ingested and the activity of Oxt neurons.

Dermatological manifestations of hematologic neoplasms. Part II: nonspecific skin lesions/paraneoplastic diseases

Abstract Cutaneous manifestations occur in the course of hematologic malignancies and precede, accompany or occur late in relation to the diagnosis. They result from paraneoplastic phenomena, tumor infiltrations, immunosuppression resulting from the hematologic disease itself or its treatment. The dermatologist must be aware of these conditions that may be helpful both in the diagnosis of the underlying disease and in reducing patient morbidity. This review (part II) addresses the paraneoplastic dermatological changes associated with systemic hematologic malignancies.

Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. (Convolvulaceae) as a source of polyphenols with antitumor activity and prospects for in vitro production using chemical elicitors - a review / Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. (Convolvulaceae) como fuente de polifenoles con actividad antitumoral y perspectivas de su producción in vitro utilizando elicitores químicos ­ una revisión

Ipomoea batatas has an enormous projection as functional food and it is an excellent source of anticancerous or chemopreventive substances. Plant tissue culture offers the possibility of inducing secondary metabolites production under controlled conditions and their projection for industrial purposes. To establish the state of knowledge regarding advances in polyphenols chemical elicitation from I. batatas and the possibility of producing potential anticancerous compounds in vitro culture systems, a bibliometric review and an analysis of information available until 2020 were made. Results showed that research field on which review was carried out is current and has a growing trend; however, sweet potato cell suspensions evaluation is scarce. Elicitation using compounds with hormonal effects represents a good alternative to increase phenolic acids production in this species. Advances in phenols elicitation from sweet potato cell suspensions will require search superior genotypes, and associating this knowledge with in vivoand in silico studies.

Ipomoea batatas tiene una enorme proyección como alimento funcional y es una excelente fuente de sustancias anticancerosas o quimiopreventivas. El cultivo de tejidos vegetales ofrece la posibilidad de inducir la producción de metabolitos secundarios en condiciones controladas y su proyección con fines industriales. Para establecer el estado del conocimiento sobre los avances en la elicitación química de polifenoles en I. batatas y la posibilidad de producir compuestos potencialmente anticancerosos en sistemas de cultivo in vitro, se realizó una revisión bibliométrica y un análisis de la información disponible hasta 2020. Los resultados mostraron que el campo de investigación en el que se realizó la revisión es actual y tiene una tendencia creciente; sin embargo, la evaluación de las suspensiones celulares de batata es escasa. La elicitación usando compuestos con efectos hormonales representa una buena alternativa para incrementar la producción de ácidos fenólicos en esta especie. Los avances en la obtención de fenoles a partir de suspensiones celulares de batata requerirán la búsqueda de genotipos superiores y la asociación de este conocimiento con estudios in vivo e in silico.

Gusto dulce: Percepción, fuentes alimentarias y preferencias

El dulzor es un atributo característico de alimentos y bebidas que contienen azúcares u otros edulcorantes. El uso de azú-cares ha sido reemplazado por otros edulcorantes, a fin de disminuir los efectos nocivos de éstos en diferentes resultados de salud. Sin embargo, se ha sugerido que el gusto dulce, independiente de su origen, podría tener efectos indeseados en la salud. En este artículo se revisan diversos aspectos relacionados con el gusto dulce, desde su percepción, su presencia en alimentos y líquidos, las preferencias innatas y adquiridas por este gusto y los productos que lo aportan. Se analiza además la importancia de estudiar el rol del gusto dulce en la dieta y salud.

Sweetness is a characteristic of foods and beverages that contain sugars or other sweeteners. Sugars have been replaced by other sweeteners to reduce their harmful effects on different health outcomes. However, it has been suggested that the sweet taste, regardless of its origin, could have unwanted effects on health. This article reviews various aspects of sweet taste, from its perception, presence in foods and liquids, innate and acquired preferences for this taste, and the products that provide it. We also analyzed the importance of studying the role of sweet taste in diet and health.

Functional analysis on sucrose transporters in sweet potato / 生物工程学报

Sweet potato is an important food crop that can also be used as an industrial raw material. Sucrose is the main form of long-distance carbohydrate transport in plants, and sucrose transporter (SUT) regulates the transmembrane transport and distribution of sucrose during plant growth and metabolism. Moreover, SUT plays a key role in phloem mediated source-to-sink sucrose transport and physiological activities, supplying sucrose for the sink tissues. In this study, the full-length cDNA sequences of IbSUT62788 and IbSUT81616 were obtained by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) cloning according to the transcripts of the two SUT coding genes which were differentially expressed in sweet potato storage roots with different starch properties. Phylogenetic analysis was performed to clarify the classification of IbSUT62788 and IbSUT81616. The subcellular localization of IbSUT62788 and IbSUT81616 was determined by transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana. The function of IbSUT62788 and IbSUT81616 in sucrose and hexose absorption and transport was identified using yeast functional complementarity system. The expression pattern of IbSUT62788 and IbSUT81616 in sweet potato organs were analyzed by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Arabidopsis plants heterologous expressing IbSUT62788 and IbSUT81616 genes were obtained using floral dip method. The differences in starch and sugar contents between transgenic and wild-type Arabidopsis were compared. The results showed IbSUT62788 and IbSUT81616 encoded SUT proteins with a length of 505 and 521 amino acids, respectively, and both proteins belonged to the SUT1 subfamily. IbSUT62788 and IbSUT81616 were located in the cell membrane and were able to transport sucrose, glucose and fructose in the yeast system. In addition, IbSUT62788 was also able to transport mannose. The expression of IbSUT62788 was higher in leaves, lateral branches and main stems, and the expression of IbSUT81616 was higher in lateral branches, stems and storage roots. After IbSUT62788 and IbSUT81616 were heterologously expressed in Arabidopsis, the plants grew normally, but the biomass increased. The heterologous expression of IbSUT62788 increased the soluble sugar content, leaf size and 1 000-seed weight of Arabidopsis plants. Heterologous expression of IbSUT81616 increased starch accumulation in leaves and root tips and 1 000-seed weight of seeds, but decreased soluble sugar content. The results obtained in this study showed that IbSUT62788 and IbSUT81616 might be important genes regulating sucrose and sugar content traits in sweet potato. They might carry out physiological functions on cell membrane, such as transmembrane transport of sucrose, sucrose into and out of sink tissue, as well as transport and unloading of sucrose into phloem. The changes in traits result from their heterologous expression in Arabidopsis indicates their potential in improving the yield of other plants or crops. The results obtained in this study provide important information for revealing the functions of IbSUT62788 and IbSUT81616 in starch and glucose metabolism and formation mechanism of important quality traits in sweet potato.

The influence of PROP taster status on habitual sweet food consumption and dietary intake amongst obese and non-obese adults

@#Introduction: Ability to taste 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) predicts both taste sensitivity and food preferences, with PROP tasters being more sensitive to sweet taste in foods, which may lead to less intake of sugary foods. However, when obesity progresses, the individual’s sense of taste and eating patterns may change. The aim of this study was to evaluate if PROP taster status affected habitual sweet food consumption and nutritional intake in obese and non-obese people. Methods: A total of 88 obese and 92 non-obese Malay male and female participants aged 20-45 years were classified into PROP non-tasters, medium tasters, or supertasters by using PROP filter paper screening procedure. Sweet food consumption was assessed using food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), while dietary intake was measured by using 3-day food diary. Data were analysed using General Linear Model (GLM) Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) to compare for differences and associations among variables. Results: Overall, there was no significant association between body mass index groups and PROP taster status (p>0.05). No significant differences were found on any habitual sweet food intake and dietary intake according to PROP taster status in both obese and non-obese participants (p>0.05). However, there was a significant difference (p<0.05) in fruit intake according to PROP taster status among obese participants. Conclusion: The findings suggest that PROP taster status does not play a role in nutrient intakes among obese and non-obese individuals.

Diacylated anthocyanins from purple sweet potato (Ipomoeabatatas L.) attenuate hyperglycemia and hyperuricemia in mice induced by a high-fructose/high-fat diet / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

Studies have shown that targeting xanthine oxidase (XO) can be a feasible treatment for fructose-induced hyperuricemia and hyperglycemia. This study aimed to evaluate the dual regulatory effects and molecular mechanisms of diacylated anthocyanins from purple sweet potato (diacylated AF-PSPs) on hyperglycemia and hyperuricemia induced by a high-fructose/high-fat diet. The body weight, organ index, serum biochemical indexes, and liver antioxidant indexes of mice were measured, and the kidneys were observed in pathological sections. The relative expression levels of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) of fructose metabolism pathway enzymes in kidney were detected by fluorescent real-time quantitative polymerase chain (qPCR) reaction technique, and the expression of renal transporter protein and inflammatory factor pathway protein was determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) technique. Results showed that diacylated AF-PSPs alleviated hyperuricemia in mice, and that this effect might be related to the regulation of liver XO activity, lipid accumulation, and relevant renal transporters. Diacylated AF-PSPs reduced body weight and relieved lipid metabolism disorder, liver lipid accumulation, and liver oxidative stress, thereby enhancing insulin utilization and sensitivity, lowering blood sugar, and reducing hyperglycemia in mice. Also, diacylated AF-PSPs restored mRNA levels related to renal fructose metabolism, and reduced kidney injury and inflammation. This study provided experimental evidence for the mechanisms of dual regulation of blood glucose and uric acid (UA) by diacylated AF-PSPs and their utilization as functional foods in the management of metabolic syndrome.

Significance of fermented rice beverage on management of antibiotic associated diarrhea (AAD) on Wistar rats

Antibiotic associated diarrhoea (AAD) is caused mostly by disruption of the physiological gut microflora. One potential strategy to prevent this is the concurrent use of probiotic bacteria or yeast. Tribal populations of West Garo Hill region of Meghalaya use locally available unique microflora to prepare fermented food products whichserve as a potential source of novel probiotic organisms and bioactive compounds. In this context, here, we have evaluated the potentiality of laboratory made functional fermented rice beverage in mitigating AAD on animal models viz. Wistar rats. The animal models were administered with fermented rice beverage (test group A1), combination of indigenous Lactobacillus isolates (test group A2), a yeast isolate (test group A3), loperamide (test group STD), normal control (test group NC) and disease control (test group DC). Furthermore, various diarrhea assessment parameters were checked from each group followed by analysis of fecal microbiome, haematological parameters, histopathology of colon, liver and cecal short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) determination. NC and A1 was least affected by AAD induction with a faecal consistency score of 1 on the final day of the study. After day 10, a significant reduction (P <0.05) in the faecal water content was observed in A1, A2 and STD till day 15. Compared to the NC, a slight decrease in body weight was found in the rest of five test groups at day 5, 10 and 15. Except NC, the remaining five test groups showed a significant decrease of lactobacilli and yeast counts in faecal microbiota at 5th day. An increase in the enterococci and coliform counts indicated severe diarrheal condition but A1 reported with significant increase (P <0.05) in the population of Lactobacillus at day 15. An increase in red blood corpuscles, haemoglobin, packed cell volume, mean cell haemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration was observed. During the histopathology analysis of colon and liver, normal layers of mucosa, submucosa, muscularis and serous with absence of any abnormal changes or lesions was seen in A1. The cecal concentrations of lactate, acetate and propionate were significantly higher in A1 as compared to the other test groups. Therefore, fermented rice beverage possesses potential to be used in inhibition of antibiotic associated diarrhea with further clinical investigations.

Effects of Addition of Dried Sweet Potato Peels Powder on the Quality Characteristics of Cupcakes

The study was conducted to develop baked cakes using different pretreated sweet potato peels powders (such as fresh, boiled and citric acid) with various concentration (5%, 10% & 20%) and to evaluate the changes of quality characteristics. Sweet potato peel powder was investigated for the different nutritional and physiochemical properties were boiling and pretreatment effects also evaluated. Fresh peel, 0.5% citric acid treated and boiled sweet potato peel powder was utilized as sample powder for the studies. There were significant differences (p < 0.05) in fiber and ash content and Hunter color values between powders from fresh peeled, 0.5% citric acid treated and boiled sweet potato peels powders. However, fresh and boiled sweet potato peel powder had higher fiber content than treated. The highest amount of fiber content was found in cakes incorporated with 10% boiled treated sweet potato peels powders content highest fiber. Pretreated and boiled with citric acid samples were obtained overall acceptability in the hedonic rating test.

A study on physiological taste threshold in hyperthyroidism

Background: Taste is the perception produced when a substance in the mouth reacts chemically with taste receptors located on taste buds in the oral cavity. The five basic taste modalities are sweet, salt, sour, bitter, and umami. Disorders of taste can result from various diseases and use of various drugs. Hyperthyroidism is one among them which affects the taste sensation and threshold. Aim and Objectives: The study was conducted to assess the physiological taste threshold for the five primary taste modalities in hyperthyroid patients and to compare their taste thresholds with that of the normal healthy controls. Materials and Methods: Investigations were carried out in 30 hyperthyroid patients aged between 20 and 50 years and in age, sex, and anthropometrically matched control groups of 30, who were apparently healthy. The statistical analysis was done by student’s t-test. Results: There is no difference in the physiological threshold of the all the basic tastes but salt. A significant (P < 0.05) increase in the taste threshold for salt taste can be seen in hyperthyroid patients compared to that of controls. Conclusion: The threshold for salt taste was altered in hyperthyroidism, which can be detected by proper screening. Taste dysfunction leads to reduced food intake and poor nutrition. Proper treatment and counseling can help them to get back their normal taste threshold along with normal thyroid status.

Chemical and biological assessment of high value pharmaceutical raw material from Egyptian orange peel

In Egypt, orange juice industries generate huge amount of waste peel that could be a source of raw materials with high value and economic return. Here, we explored a better model for waste management of citrus processing waste in Egypt by developing an ecofriendly method for preparation of value added materials. A high grade pectin (HGP) was obtained from the crude acidic water extract of the peel after passing through Diaion HP20 column. The HGP showed potent antidiabetic activity at lower dose than those reported in literature. It possessed significant effect on blood glucose (BG) level, as well as parameters relevant to liver and kidney functions in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. On the other hand, the essential oil (EO) prepared by cold press showed the highest yield (0.72% w/w) and it is the most applicable method of isolate orange oil on pilot scale. EO showed significant antimicrobial activity against the tested food borne pathogens. In conclusion, high value materials — HGP and EO were prepared on pilot scale from the waste orange peel. While the HGP can be included in food supplement for diabetic patients, EO can be used as a natural food preservative.

Nutritional Contents of Two Varieties of Sweet Potatoes (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam ) Cultivated IN North Western Nigeria

Background and Objectives: Food shortages and nutritional imbalances are among the main food security problems in many countries around the world. In this study, the nutrients content of the yellow and red-fleshed sweet potatoes varieties cultivated in Nigeria were assessed. Materials and Methods: The proximate composition, mineral elements analysis, phytochemicals, and vitamins content of the red and yellow-fleshed sweet potatoes were determined using the standard methods of analysis. Results: The proximate analysis has shown that, the moisture (17.927%) and fat (2.703%) content of the yellow sweet potato were significantly (p<0.05) higher than in the red potato with a content of 16.68% and 1.693% respectively. The protein and fiber content of the red potato are 14.280% and 14.572% respectively, this is quite higher than in the yellow cultivar having 12.987% and 10.443% of the nutrients respectively. The ash and carbohydrate content were same in both. The red potato exhibits high level of sodium (11.420 mg/l), potassium (1.206 mg/l), and magnesium (8.468 mg/l) in contrast to the red potato containing 10.270 mg/l, 1.035 mg/l and 6.127 mg/l of the respective elements. Iron and zinc content were comparable in both cultivars while the calcium content (1.444 mg/l) of the yellow cultivar is significantly higher than in the red variety (1.144 mg/l). The vitamin A, B and E content of the red potato are 8.740 µmol/L, 2.977 mg/dl, and 13.267 mg/dl respectively. These values are significantly (p<0.05) higher than in the yellow potato containing 6.047 µmol/L, 1.680 mg/dl, and 11.110 mg/dl of the respective vitamins. There is no significant difference with respect to the vitamin C content of both yellow (11.850 mg/dl) and red potato (12.520 mg/dl). The phytochemicals: tannins, flavonoids, phenols, terpenes, and anthocyanins content of the red sweet potato are 0.967 mg/g, 1.577 mg/g, 1.867 mg/g, 6.590 mg/g and 2.660 mg/g respectively. Terpenes and anthocyanins were not found in the yellow cultivar. However, saponins (0.823 mg/g) were found in the yellow variety but not in the red potato. Amount of the tannins, flavonoids and phenols observed in the yellow-fleshed potato are 0.667 mg/g, 1.027 mg/g and 1.287 mg/g respectively. These values are lower than in the corresponding red potato. Conclusion: In this study, the nutritional contents of sweet potato varieties have been assessed which will immensely contribute to reducing the menace of malnutrition bedeviling the Northwestern part of Nigeria.

Spatial Scale Patterns of Genetic Diversity and Gene Flow in Populations of Sweet Detar (Detarium microcarpum Guill. & Perr.; Fabaceae)

The main objective of this study is to investigate the patterns of genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships within populations of Detarium microcarpum (Fabaceae) relative to different spatial conditions. Seventy-eight (78) accessions of D. microcarpum belonging to six populations (Phytogeographic districts) were sampled. In order to have very good quality DNA for molecular analysis, an optimization of the DNA isolation protocol was made. The molecular analysis of the accessions was carried out using 7 chloroplast microsatellite markers. The polymorphism rate (P) is 85.71% and the Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) was in the range of 0.43 (Ntcp_9) to 0.73 (Ccmp_2) with an average of 0.59. Allelic richness (A) ranged from 1.41 to 2.85 with an average of 2.04. The observed heterozygosity (Ho) ranged from 0.23 to 0.60 with an average of 0.39. The expected heterozygosity (He) ranged from 0.43 to 0.60 with a mean of 0.50. Wright's fixation index (FIS) ranged from -0.17 to 0.47. The effective allele (Ae) is between 1.77 and 2.53 with an average of 2.02. Wright differentiation index (FST) was 0.024. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the NST value was significantly higher than the GST value (NST = 0.452; GST = 0.190; p <0.05). A relatively low hd haplotype diversity is obtained (Hd = 0.320). AMOVA analysis showed that 17.35% of the variation existed within populations but 45.80% among populations within the species. Neighbor-Joining phylogenetic tree of D. microcarpum revealed three non-distinct clusters haplotypes showing the existence of gene flow between populations of the species. Our findings of genetic structure and gene flow of D. microcarpum populations based on different spatial conditions is caused by evolutionary forces such as scattering and pollination.

Potential of X-ray imaging to detect citrus granulation in different cultivars with progress in harvesting time

Granulation, a physiological disorder of citrus is manifested by shriveled juice sacs and internal dryness. Extractable juice in granulated tissue is drastically reduced as a consequence of gelatinization and secondary epidermis formation. Since, the defect cannot be detected externally it leads to consumer dissatisfaction and poor returns to farmers. Processing industry also faces huge economic loss due to reduction in the juice recovery from granulated fruit. In this context, here, we studied the possibility of developing an image processing algorithm through MATLAB software to detect granulation with advancement of maturity via X-ray micrographs. Fruit of eight citrus cultivars comprising of granulation susceptible and tolerant varieties harvested at four different intervals were exposed to X-rays. Voltage of 46 kV and current of 6.5 mA given to fruit for an exposure time of 320 mAs gave the best X-ray image contrasts. The developed algorithm could effectively distinguish the healthy and granulated fruit with an accuracy of 90% as validated by subsequent destructive analysis when estimated for four different harvesting dates. The imaging technique can be employed by the processors to determine the severity of granulation and to sort out fruit online which will help in saving economic losses.

Síndrome de SWEET. A propósito de 1 caso / SWEET syndrome. About 1 case

El Síndrome de Sweet llamado también dermatosis neutrofílica febril aguda es una enfermedad rara, de naturaleza inflamatoria, caracterizada por fiebre de inicio agudo, neutrofilia, lesiones cutáneas eritematosas y dolorosas, infiltrado típico de neutrófilos en la dermis superior y rápida mejoría con corticoesteroides sistémicos. Presenta formas típicas y atípicas, las primeras cumplen con todos los criterios de diagnóstico y las causas pueden ser neoplásica, infecciosa, fármacos, embarazo y a veces idiopática. Se presenta un caso de Síndrome de Sweet típico en una mujer, probablemente desencadenado por un cuadro infeccioso de vías aéreas superiores con confirmación histológica y buena respuesta a la corticoterapia, con remisión total y sin recidiva a la fecha

Sweet syndrome, also known as acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, is a rare, inflammatory disease characterized by acute-onset fever, neutrophilia, erythematous and painful skin lesions, a typical neutrophil infiltrate in the upper dermis, and rapid improvement with systemic corticosteroids. It presents typical and atypical forms, the former meet all diagnostic criteria and the causes can be neoplastic, infectious, drugs, pregnancy, and sometimes idiopathic. We present a case of typical Sweet syndrome in a woman, probably triggered by an infectious picture of the upper airways with histological confirmation and good response to corticosteroid therapy, with total remission and no recurrence to date

Skin manifestations associated with systemic diseases - Part I

Abstract The skin demonstrates what is happening in the body in many diseases, as it reflects some internal processes on the surface. In this sense, skin as an organ, goes beyond its protective and barrier functions, as it provides clues for the identification of some systemic diseases. The dermatologist then raises diagnostic hypotheses for conditions related to all systems and refers them to the appropriate specialty. With easy access to examination by trained eyes and biopsies, the skin can present specific or non specific alterations on histopathology. In the first case this combination establishes the diagnosis of the disease itself. Non specific manifestations can occur in a variety of contexts and then histopathology is not specific of a particular disease. This article is divided into two parts that will cover large groups of diseases. In this first part, cutaneous manifestations of the main rheumatologic diseases are described, which are the ones with the greatest interface with dermatology. The authors also talk about vascular manifestations and granulomatous diseases. In the second part, endocrinological, hematological, oncological, cardiovascular, renal, gastrointestinal diseases, pruritus and its causes are discussed, and finally, the dermatological manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus infection. The authors' intention is that, by using direct and easily accessible language, aim to provide practical material for consultation and improvement to all dermatologists who recognize the importance of a comprehensive assessment of their patients.

Neutrophilic dermatosis of the dorsal hands related to cocaine abuse

Abstract Neutrophilic dermatoses encompass a wide spectrum of diseases characterized by a dense infiltration mainly composed of neutrophils. Neutrophilic dermatosis of the dorsal hands is currently considered a localized variant of Sweet syndrome. Cocaine abuse has been related to a wide range of mucocutaneous manifestations, including neutrophilic dermatoses such as pyoderma gangrenosum. The authors of this study present a patient with neutrophilic dermatosis of the dorsal hands, in which cocaine abuse was identified as a probable trigger.

Síndrome de Sweet por tuberculosis peritoneal: reporte de caso / Sweet's Syndrome due to peritoneal tuberculosis: Case report

Resumen La tuberculosis (TBC) peritoneal es una entidad poco frecuente y representa un 25 %-50 % de los casos de tuberculosis abdominal, y 0,1 %-0,7 % de todos los casos de tuberculosis. La mortalidad alcanza un 35 % cuando hay un retraso en el tratamiento, y un 73 % en pacientes con cirrosis. Además, tiene un gran espectro clínico, por lo que su diagnóstico diferencial abarca a nivel clínico patologías como cirrosis, malignidad, síndrome nefrótico, desnutrición; a nivel imagenológico enfermedad metastásica peritoneal, carcinomatosis de origen gástrico, pancreático, vesical, ovárico, colónico y enfermedades infecciosas como actinomicosis, coccidioidomicosis, histoplasmosis o micobacterias no tuberculosas. El diagnóstico se apoya inicialmente con química sanguínea, función hepática y renal, ultrasonido, tomografía computarizada (TC), paracentesis con citoquímico de líquido peritoneal, medición de adenosina-desaminasa (ADA) y reacción en cadena de polimerasa (PCR); no obstante, la laparoscopia con biopsia peritoneal y confirmación patológica o microbiológica siguen siendo el estándar de oro. Se han descrito casos de falsos negativos de la prueba ADA en situaciones de inmunosupresión o uso de antituberculosos. Se ha planteado el seguimiento de la actividad de la enfermedad midiendo los niveles de antígeno del cáncer 125 (CA-125). A continuación, presentamos un caso inusual de un paciente con TBC peritoneal con un síndrome de Sweet secundario, en quien inicialmente el reporte para ADA fue negativo, posiblemente debido a la administración de meropenem y en quien, además, se hizo el seguimiento de la actividad de la enfermedad con CA-125. Son muy excepcionales los reportes de falsos negativos de ADA y Sweet secundario a tuberculosis, por lo cual aportamos a la literatura con el reporte de nuestro caso.

Abstract Peritoneal tuberculosis is a rare disease that accounts for 25-50% of abdominal tuberculosis cases and 0.1-0.7% of all cases of tuberculosis. Mortality is 35% when treatment is delayed, and 73% in patients with cirrhosis. It also has a wide clinical spectrum, so its differential diagnosis covers conditions such as cirrhosis, malignancy, nephrotic syndrome, and malnutrition. Moreover, imaging studies may reveal peritoneal metastases; carcinomatosis of gastric, pancreatic, bladder, ovarian, colonic origin; and infectious diseases such as actinomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis or non-tuberculous mycobacteria. Diagnosis is initially supported by blood chemistry, liver and renal function tests, ultrasound, CT scans, paracentesis with peritoneal fluid cytochemistry, and ADA and PCR measurement. The gold standard is laparoscopy with peritoneal biopsy and pathological or microbiological confirmation. Cases of false negatives of the ADA test have been described in immunosuppression or use of antituberculosis drugs. Monitoring of disease activity by measuring CA-125 levels has been considered. The following is the report of an unusual case of peritoneal TB with secondary Sweet's syndrome, in which the ADA report was initially negative, possibly due to meropenem administration, and in whom disease activity was monitored through Ca125. False negative reports of ADA and Sweet's secondary to TB are very rare, so this case contributes to the literature on these conditions.