ABSTRACT
En personas con sobrepeso y obesidad el acto ingestivo puede iniciarse en ausencia de ingesta homeostática. Las emociones pueden actuar como disparadores de ingesta hedónica o emocional contribuyendo al balance positivo de energía, ganancia de peso y obesidad. Objetivos: estudiar la relación entre las emociones percibidas, las preferencias gustativas y los estilos de ingesta, según el índice de masa corporal (IMC) y género en personas adultas. Materiales y métodos:estudio descriptivo de corte transversal mediante encuesta estructurada auto-administrada a pacientes adultos (N=481) que consultaron por primera vez en un centro privado de nutrición de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. Resultados:se observó correlación entre el IMC y el estilo de ingesta (r=.26, p<.01) con diferencias para picoteo, salteo, desorganización e hiperfagia (p<0,01). Los hombres presentaron estilos de ingesta menos saludables que las mujeres con mayor frecuencia de hiperfagia y comida nocturna excesiva. El 31% de la muestra refirió atracones, siendo más frecuentes en las mujeres (33,8%) que en los hombres (19,5%) (p<0,01). La preferencia por lo salado se asoció a mayor IMC (IMC media 33,21, p<0,01). El 49,27% de la muestra seleccionó salado, con mayor frecuencia en hombres (68,3%) que en mujeres (45,4%). Un 55% eligió alimentos dulces, con diferencias de género (59% de las mujeres, 34% de los hombres). Se observó una asociación positiva con débil correlación (r=.13, p<.01) entre el IMC y las emociones percibidas, con diferencias significativas en los valores de IMC en función de tristeza (IMC media=33,24, desv. típ. 8,26 p<.01) y enojo (IMC media=33,18, desv. típ. 8,23 p<.01). Las mujeres (M=2,43; DE=1,55) tendieron a comer por emociones (ansiedad, tristeza, cansancio y enojo) más que los hombres. Conclusiones: estilos de ingesta no saludables, preferencia gustativa por lo salado e ingesta desencadenada por emociones percibidas se asociaron a mayor IMC. Los hombres presentaron...
In overweight and obese people, ingestive behavior can be initiated in the absence of homeostatic hunger. Emotions can trigger hedonic or emotional intake, contributing to positive energy balance, weight gain and obesity. Objectives: to study the relationship between perceived emotions, taste preferences and eating habits, according to Body Mass Index (BMI) and gender in adults.Materials and methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study by means of a self-administered structured survey in adult patients (N=481) in a single visit to a private nutrition center in the City of Buenos Aires. Results:a correlation between BMI and unhealthy eating style (r=.26, p>,01) was observed with significant statistical differences for snacking, skipping, disorganization and hyperphagia (p<0,01). Men showed more unhealthy eating styles than women with more hyperphagia and excessive nighttime meal. 31% of the patients reported binge, being more frequent in women (33,8%) than in men (p<0,01). Salty taste preference was associated with higher BMI values (BMI media=33,21, p<0,01). 49,27% of the sample preferred salty foods which resulted significantly more frequent in men (68,3%) than females (45,4%) (p<0,01). 55% preferred sweet foods, with gender differences (59% women, 34% men). We found a weak positive association (r =.13, p<,01) between BMI and perceived emotions with significant differences in the BMI values in relation to sadness ( BMI media=33,24 and anger (BMI media=33,18). Women (M=2.43; SD=1,55) tend to have more emotional eating (anxiety, sadness, fatigue and anger) than men. Conclusions: un healthy eating styles, salt taste preference and emotional eating are associated with increased BMI. Men tend to present less healthy eating habits and women higher intake related to perceived emotions.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Body Mass Index , Feeding Behavior/psychology , Eating , Feeding Behavior , Argentina , Cross-Sectional Studies/standards , Obesity , OverweightABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to investigate the regional differences in food preference among college students participating in a nutrition education program via internet. The subjects were 1672 college students (male: 762, female: 910) and divided into 4 regional groups. A survey using a self-administered questionnaire was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire on taste and food preferences. Data was collected via internet or by mail. Prevalence of the food preferences among regional groups was examined using SPSS statistical package. Food preferences were significantly associated with sex and region. Female students in Chungcheong and Kyungsang areas showed significantly higher preference of the hot taste compared to Seoul and Kyunggi areas. Female students in Seoul, Kyunggi and Chungcheong areas showed significantly higher preference of the boiled bean rice compared to the Kyungsang area. The preference for Kimchi stew of female students in Seoul and Kyunggi was significantly higher than those in Chungcheong and Kyungsang areas. Male students in the Chungcheong area showed significantly higher preferences of the Young radish kimchi, while female students in this area showed significantly higher preference of the Radish kimchi compared to other areas. The preference for roasted laver of female students in Seoul, Kyunggi and Kyungsang areas was significantly higher compared to the Chungcheong area. The preference for fried chicken of male students in Seoul was significantly higher than that in other areas. The preference for bean sprouts and season bonnet bellflower of male students in Seoul, Chungcheong and Kyungsang areas were significantly higher compared to the Kyunggi area. Therefore, these results provide nation-wide information on food preferences among Korean college students.