ABSTRACT
It reviewed the policies related to the standardized management of medical service price items,analyzed the current difficulties in the implementation of medical service price regulations:the technical specifications of national medical service price item are heavy and cannot be dynamically adjusted with technological innovation;provincial level item access control is not strict,and the elements of the same price item are not completely unified,affecting the horizontal comparison.The policy suggestions to speed up the improvement of the medical service price item specifications include:medical services that are allowed to be applied and have clear technical specifications are accepted as the scope of new price item declaration;promote the separation of technology and consumption,except for consumables and reagents,which are priced separately according to service items+special consum-ables;priority should be given to responding to the legitimate demand for medical technology improvement innovations through cur-rent price item compatibility;contrast technical specifications and item guidelines,integrating current price items,improving item standardization and compatibility;complete the innovation and economic evaluation of the newly declared item price,check the quality,and reasonably determine the increment.
ABSTRACT
Technical Specifications for Occupational Health Surveillance (GBZ 188-2014) has played an important role in screening occupational contraindications and preventing occupational diseases since its implementation. However, during the use of occupational health examination, we found that the use of occupational contraindication on cardiovascular disease was not "homogenized" due to the differences in the understanding of various physical examination institutions. Therefore, this paper mainly discussed the connotation and quantitative standards of organic heart disease, arrhythmia, hypertension in the occupational contraindication cardiovascular disease in the specification for "homogenization".
Subject(s)
Humans , Occupational Health , Cardiovascular System , Cardiovascular Diseases , Contraindications , Occupational DiseasesABSTRACT
We applied literature review and the Delphi method to develop technical operation of manual lactation technique. The databases and websites were systematically searched, such as UpToDate, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, and SinoMed. The evidence related to the technique was evaluated by Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE Ⅱ), and A Measure Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR 2). the included evidence was classified and summarized to form the preliminary draft of the technical operation specification. A total of 26 experts were selected to evaluate the draft, and some recommendations were deleted and modified according to the screening criteria and expert opinions, resulting in the final technical specifications for manual lactation technique applicable to health care professionals. The study included 4 guidelines, 5 expert consensus articles, 2 clinical decisions, and 3 systematic reviews, and the overall quality of the evidence was fair. A total of 26 questionnaires were collected in each of 2 rounds of expert consultation, with a 100% return rate and an overall authority coefficient of 0.91. The technical practice specification was formed in 11 aspects, including assessment content, indications, contraindications, operation methods, adverse events, and treatment methods, with a total of 50 recommendations. The technical operation specification is comprehensive, and the recommendations are clearly expressed, which is in line with the real clinical situation and can provide effective reference for the clinical practice of this technique.
ABSTRACT
Based on the data mining and analysis of the existing clinical external application of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) ointments, and combined with the clinical research and the relevant modern research, the technical specification (draft) for clinical application of TCM ointments was formed by experts from the external treatment branch. It was included indications, contraindications, pre-medication evaluation, pre-medication preparation, operation method, medication frequency, medication course, post-medication evaluation, precautions, common adverse reactions and countermeasures, et al. The purpose of this paper was to standardize the clinical application of TCM ointments, improve the clinical efficacy of this preparation and reduce its adverse reactions.
ABSTRACT
Fumigation (bath) therapy is widely used in clinic, but the methods are different. Based on the data mining of the existing clinical application of fumigation (bath) therapy, combined with the clinical application practice and relevant modern research, the technical specification (draft) of clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) fumigation (bath) therapy has been formed after many demonstrations by experts from the external treatment branch. The specification (draft) includes indications, contraindications, pre-medication evaluation, pre-medication preparation, preparation of medicinal liquid, fumigation temperature, fumigation time, fumigation frequency, fumigation course, operation method, post-medication treatment and evaluation, matters needing attention, common adverse reactions and countermeasures, etc. The purpose of this paper is to standardize the clinical application of TCM fumigation (bath) therapy, improve its clinical curative effect and reduce adverse reactions.
ABSTRACT
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) suppositories, as an important way of administration, have been widely used in clinical practice. Based on the data mining of the clinical application of TCM suppository therapy, the technical specification (draft) for clinical external application of TCM suppositories has been formed after repeated argumentation by experts of the external treatment branch, including clinical indications, contraindications, pre-medication evaluation, pre-medication preparation, application method, dosage, frequency, time, precautions, adverse reactions and countermeasures, etc. It is expected to standardize the clinical application of TCM suppositories, improve curative effect of this preparation and reduce its adverse reactions.
ABSTRACT
Based on the data mining for external application technology of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) tinctures, combined with the clinical practical application research, the clinical technical specification (draft) for TCM tinctures was formed by the experts from the external treatment branch have demonstrated for many times, including clinical applicable scope, operation procedures, methods of application, dose, frequency, time, precautions, adverse reactions and the nursing key points. It is expected to standardize the clinical application of TCM tinctures, improve the efficacy of this preparation, and reduce its adverse reactions.
ABSTRACT
Based on the data mining of clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) gels, and combined with the actual clinical application and related experimental research, the technical specification (draft) for clinical application of TCM gels was formed after repeated demonstration by experts from the external treatment branch. This technical specification (draft) includes indications, contraindications, pre-medication evaluation, preparation before medication, preparation of gels, clinical application methods of gels, frequency of administration, period of treatment, evaluation after medication, matters needing attention, adverse reactions and countermeasures. The purpose of this paper is to standardize the clinical application of TCM gels, improve the curative effect of this preparation, and reduce its adverse reactions.
ABSTRACT
Based on the data mining of the clinical application of acupoint application therapy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), combined with the clinical practice and modern research on acupoint application, the technical specification (draft) of clinical application of acupoint application therapy of TCM was formed after repeated demonstration by experts from the external treatment branch. It includes clinical indications, contraindications, pre-medication evaluation, pretreatment before medication, acupoint application method, dosage, frequency, time, precautions, adverse reactions and countermeasures, etc. This paper is expected to standardize the application of acupoint application therapy of TCM, improve its curative effect and reduce the adverse reactions.
ABSTRACT
In 2013,China pharmaceutical regulatory department issued guiduance on postmarketing drug safety monitoring for industry. It aimed to encourage industry to carry out postmarketing drug safety monitoring including hospital-based intensive monitoring of postmarketing Chinese patent medicine. Subsequently,more and more such kind of studies have been performed all over China. However,in view of the current situation in this field,the development of hospital-based intensive monitoring of postmarketing Chinese patent medicine lacks standardization,such as unreasonable design,omission of reports about adverse drug reactions,inadequate process of quality control,non-standardized interpretation of adverse reactions,etc. Therefore,it is necessary to formulate relevant technical specifications to guide this area. The developing of this technical specification refered to the international post-marketing safety monitoring model and advanced design concepts and methods. We developed it under the guidance of relevant laws,regulations and technical documents in China. Meanwhile the characteristics of Chinese patent medicines and the real situation in this area were considered. The aim of this technical specification is to obtain the incidence,type,degree and clinical manifestation of adverse drug reactions of Chinese patent medicines,to find new risk signals of adverse reactions,to identify risk factors,and to provide a basis for the formulation of risk management and control plans. This specification has been approved by China association of Chinese medicine which is numbered T/CACM011-2016.
Subject(s)
Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems , China , Hospitals , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Nonprescription Drugs , Product Surveillance, PostmarketingABSTRACT
Objective To compare the difference of the results of the total flavones acquired by three kinds of quantitative an-alytical methods in the People's Republic of China Pharmacopoeia(method A),Health Food Function Components and Health Indica-tors Inspection Specifications(method B),and Health Food Inspection and Evaluation of Technical Specifications(method C)respec-tively. Methods Twenty-one drug and food homologies,medicines and other samples were detected by using the above mentioned methods respectively. Comparisons of the results were established. Results The measured values by method A were the highest,that of method C were the lowest. Moreover,the determination values of method A were higher than those by the methed B(1.4 ± 0.12) times,and the method C(2.1±0.31)times. Conclusion There are significant differences among the results of the total flavonoids de-terminated by the 3 methods in the same sample and the numerical relationship will be helpful for the quantity control of homologous food and drug.