ABSTRACT
Background: Nowadays, the deficiency of vitamin D (VD) is a health problem worldwide, that affects many people including adolescentswho have type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). However, the role of VD in autoimmune diseases such as T1DM has been a recent interest. Aim:This study was designed to assess the VD deficiency prevalence in Saudi adolescents with or without T1DM. Methods: In this case-controlstudy, 49 T1DM and 49 control (non-DM) (N=98), age and gender-matched were enrolled. The study was carried out from May toSeptember 2017 at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH). After obtaining the consent form, the blood samples were withdrawn todetermine fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in blood and VD (25OHD) in serum. Statistical analysis wasmade by SPSS version 22. Results: Data showed that 25OHD levels were significantly lower in adolescents with T1DM compared to thecontrols (49.5 ± 26.9 nmol/L vs 67.96 ± 30.03 nmol/L). In the T1DM adolescents, VD was deficient in 44.9%, insufficient in 36.7%, andsufficient in 18.4% as compared with 34.7% (deficient), 26.5% (insufficient), and 42.86% (sufficient) in non-DM adolescents. Overall, VDwas deficient and insufficient in 81.6% of the T1DM adolescents and 61.2% of non-DM adolescents, respectively. Considering sex, femalesshowed higher significance between T1DM and non-DM groups in overall groups, and in all VD level subgroups, males showedsignificance (p<0.05) in only overall groups and in insufficient VD levels. The data showed an inverse correlation between HbA1c and FBGvalues with VD concentration. While there was no correlation between both glycemic parameters with VD in non-DM group. Conclusion:The VD deficiency prevalence in T1DM Saudi adolescents was relatively high particularly in females. Therefore, screening for VD statusand supplementation in early young age should be warranted.
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OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the simultaneous determination of tetracycline hydrochloride and cortisone acetate in Cortisone tetracycline eye ointment. METHODS:HPLC was performed on the column of Phenomenex C18 and shimaduz GL C18 with mobile phase of 0.01 mol/L Sodium dodecyl sulfate solution(adjusted to pH 2.5 with phosphoric acid)-acetonitrile(60∶40,V/V)at flow rate of 1.0 ml/min,detection wavelength was 254 nm,column temperature was 30 ℃,and the injection volume was 20 μl. RESULTS:The linear range was 11.36-227.18 μg/ml for tetracycline hydrochloride(r=0.999 9)and 11.11-222.21 μg/ml for cortisone acetate(r=0.999 9);RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were no more than 1.2%;recoveries were 96.89%-100.67%(RSD=1.1%,n=9)and 100.04%-101.02%(RSD=0.3%,n=9),respectively. CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,accurate and specific,and can accurately determine the contents of tetracycline hydrochloride and cortisone acetate in Corti-sone tetracycline eye ointment.
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In this research article, we have described to establish a comparison between the solubility of the hydrochloride and non-hydrochlorideforms of ciprofloxacin and tetracycline in relevant solvents. For that purpose the solubility ofciprofloxacin and tetracycline were measured in water, methanol, propanol,and acetone, in the temperature range between 293.20 and 323.20 K for ciprofloxacin and between 288.20and 303.20 K for tetracycline. The solubility of the hydrochloride form in water is about 2 orders of magnitude higherthan those of the respective base forms. In acetone, we see the opposite effect. For methanol and propanolthe influence of the hydrochloride group of the antibiotic on the solubility in the alcohol is much smaller thanfor water and acetone. The experimental data was correlated with good results using two different activitycoefficient models, NRTL and UNIQUAC, with UNIQUAC giving better results, particularly for ciprofloxacin.The performance of COSMO-RS model to describe the studied systems was also evaluated.The dependence of these properties with temperature are shown. Theresults are interpreted in terms of solute-solvent interaction.
ABSTRACT
In a preliminary study of various excipients that could stabilize the colour of tetracycline hydrochloride (TC), it was found that sodium metabisulfite yielded the maximum stability and it was then chosen for a further study. Comparative studies of the colour and chemical stability of TC powder in capsules in different of colour capsule shells, different types of containers, as well as the omission and addition of 0.1% sodium metabisulfite were then made. The results showed that, after 36 months at ambient temperature, there was no significant difference in colour of the drug powder in each formula resulting from the type of container or colour of the capsule shell. At ambient temperature, the addition of sodium metabisulfite prolonged shelf life from 3 to 9 mnths in colour stability aspect, but the rate constant of 4-epianhydrotetracycline production (Zero order reaction) increased from 0.0012-0.0056% to 0.0052-0.0093% per month. The tentative shelf life of TC with and without sodium metabisulfite at 95% confidence were then more than 5 years. However, storage in refrigerator (14-15oC) for 36 months, TC preparation with and without sodium metabisulfite gave good colour stability (yellow powder) and a shelf life longer than 36 months.
ABSTRACT
We report a case of transient acantholytic dermatosis which occurred on the neck and clavicular areas of eighteen-year-old female and was improved with systemic administration of tetracycline hydrochloride. She had mild pruritic and crusted erythematous papules. Family history was not contributory. Histopathologic findings were acantholytic dyskeratotic pattern with circumscribed suprabasal clefts, corps ronds, and grains in the epidermis of papular lesion. She obtained incidental improvement of lesions on the neck and clavicles during medication with tetracycline hydrochloride which was prescribed for acne vulgaris on the face.