ABSTRACT
Aim To study the protective effect of tetra-hydroxystilbeneglucoside ( TSG ) on cardiac injury and the mechanism involved in silent mating type informa-tion regulation 2 homolog 1 ( SIRT1 ) and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase( AMPK) in the diabetic rats. Methods Type 2 diabetic rats were sac-rificed after administration with TSG for 8 weeks. Blood glucose, blood lipids, liverfunction,creatine ki-nase ( CK ) , lactate dehydrogenase ( LDH ) as well as myocardial nonesterified fatty acids( NEFA) were deter-mined by using biochemical test. The concentration of myocardial fatty acid transport proteins ( FATPs ) and-fatty acid β-oxidase ( FA-β-oxidase ) , and the levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha ( TNF-α) , interleukin -6 ( IL-6 ) , interleukin-1β( IL-1β) in serum were also measured by ELISA method and radio immunoassay re-spectively. The protein expressions of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, SIRT1 and AMPK were detected by Western blot. Results Treatment of TSG reduced the contentof blood lipids, NEFA and collagen without affecting the content of blood glucose and insulin. The levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1βin serum as well as the protein expressions of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β of cardia were also inhibited by administration with TSG. Treatment of TSG caused a significantly increased concentration of myocaidial FATPs and FA-β-oxidase, and dramatically restored the decreased protein expressions of SIRT1 and pAMPK in diabetic rats. Conclusion The protec-tive mechanisms of TSG against diabetic rats are in-volved in the alleviation of inflammatory mediator injury and improving energy metabolism.
ABSTRACT
Aim: To investigate the effects of 2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxystilbene -2-O-β-D-glucoside (TSG) on brain β-amyloid (Aβ) content, blood fat, and hemorheology in rat model induced by hypercholesterol. Methods The animal model of hypercholesterolemia was induced by feeding high cholesterol forage containing 1% cholesterol and 0.3% cholic acid for 10 weeks. TSG was given orally at doses of 30, 60 and 120 mg·kg-1 body wt/day for 10 weeks also. The content of β-amyloid was measured by immunohistochemistry and radioimmunoassay methods, the serum cholesterol and low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) were measured by automatic biochemistry analytical methods, and some indices of hemorheology were also observed. Results: The content of Aβ in hippocampus of rat model was increased after feeding high cholesterol forage for 10 weeks, and the serum cholesterol and low density lipoprotein level were obviously elevated as well, TSG shortened the content of Aβ in hippocampus, the serum cholesterol and low density lipoprotein level obviously. The indices of hemorheology showed that blood viscosity (ηb, high and low shear rate) and RBC adhesion index (AI) were increased in rats. TSG decreased blood viscosity (ηb, high and low shear rate) and lowed RBC adhesion index (AI) in rat model. Conclusion: TSG possesses obvious action of reducing the content of Ap in hippocampus, decreasing serum cholesterol and low density lipoprotein, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. These actions may be related to the therapeutic mechanisms of AD.
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Aim To observe the effects of 2,3,4',5-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-?-D glucoside on expression of ICAM-1、VCAM-1 and VEGF in atherosclerotic rats,and approach the influence of TSG in atherogenesis.Methods Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into six groups(Control,Model,TSG 30、60、120 mg?kg-1?d-1 and Simvastatin 2 mg?kg-1?d-1 groups),given high-fat-diet for 12 weeks,the level of SOD and MDA then were determined.ICAM-1、VCAM-1 and VEGF protein were determined with Western blot assay,ICAM-1 mRNA and VCAM-1 mRNA were measured with RT-PCR,and VEGF expression was assessed by immunohisto-chemistry.Results In comparison with the model,the level of SOD increased markedly and the level of MDA decreased markedly after administering TSG;TSG could inhibit the expression of ICAM-1、VCAM-1 and VEGF in atherosclerotic arteries.Conclusions TSG could show its antiatherosclerotic effect by anti-oxydation and inhibiting the excretion of adhesion molecules.
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Aim To investigate the effects of TSG on the content of nitric oxide and the expression of endo-thelium nitric oxide synthase in artery vessels of experimental atherosclerotic rats.Methods Sixty male rats were randomly divided into six groups.GroupⅠ,Normal control;GroupⅡ,Model control;Group Ⅲ,TSG low dose;Group Ⅳ,TSG middle dose;GroupⅤ,TSG high dose;group Ⅵ,Simvastatin.After 12 weeks,blood samples were collected from carotid arteries of rats,and the levels of NO in serum were measured.After that,the aortas were separated from the bodies and placed in-70℃,then the content of nitric oxide synthase was detected,and gene expression of eNOS and iNOSmRNA in artery vessels were respectively measured with RT-PCR method.STATA 8.0 software was adopted in date analysis..Results compared with those of the model group,the level of NO,the activity of NOS and the gene expression of eNOS were increased,and the gene expression of iNOS was reduced by simvastatin and TSG 30,60,120 mg?kg-1?d-1 in the high cholesterol-fed rats,which showed a dose-dependent effect.Conclusion TSG can enhance the expression of eNOS gene and reduce the expression of iNOS gene in aorta vessels of experimental atherosclerotic rats,which may be one of the anti-atherosclerosis mechanisms of TSG.
ABSTRACT
AIM: To investigate the preventive effect of tetrahydroxystilbene-glucoside (TSG) on experimental atherosclerosis rats. METHODS: Sixty one male rats were randomly divided into six groups. normal control; model control; TSG low dose(30 mg?kg-1?d-1);TSG middle dose(60 mg?kg-1?d-1);TSG high dose(120 mg?kg-1?d-1); simvastatin(2 mg?kg-1?d-1). The AS model of rats was made by feeding high grease food and injecting VitD3 .All the rats were fed for 12 weeks, blood samples were drawn from carotid artery of rats, the levels of TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C ,CRP,IL-6 and TNF-? in serum were measured with biochemical method. After blood samples were collected , the aorta samples were separated from the bodies, then they were placed 4% paraformaldehydea and were through Sudan Ⅳ and HE staining. STATA7.0 software was used to evaluate the differences between groups. RESULTS: Data of the study demonstrated that the levels of TC、TG、LDL-C、TNF-?、IL-6 and CRP were decreased remarkably, the level of HDL-C was increased by TSG 60, 120 mg?kg-1?d-1 group in the high cholesterol-fed rats, which showed a dose-dependent effect. The result of Sudan Ⅳ and HE staining suggested that the lipid deposits in aortic endothelium in TSG group were less than those in model group. CONCLUSION: TSG has preventive effect on the experimental atherosclerosis among the high cholesterol-fed rats. The anti-atherogenic effect of TSG seems to be closely related to regulating plasma lipid profile, and inhibiting inflammation.