ABSTRACT
Diabetes mellitus treatment is complex and involves several activities. Its goal is to control the disease and prevent complications. The success of this treatment includes adherence to self-care. This study aimed at identifying factors related to self-care activities adherence in community older adults with diabetes. Cross-sectional, observational and analytical study with a quantitative approach to data, conducted with 140 older people. We used the following instruments: Mini-Mental State Examination for cognitive assessment, socio-demographic and clinical characterization instrument, Brazilian Functional and Multidimensional Assessment Questionnaire to verify the self-reported morbidities, Abbreviated Geriatric Depression Scale to investigate the presence of depressive symptoms and Diabetes Self-Care Activities Questionnaire to assess activities adherence related to self-management of people with diabetes. The results of this study indicated that self-care activities with higher adherence were: "taking the indicated number of diabetes pills" (6.6 ± 1.2), "taking insulin injections as recommended" (6.2 ± 2.0), "drying the spaces between the toes after wash them" (4.6 ± 3.2) and "following a healthy diet" (4.5 ± 2.7). The self-care activities with smallest adherence were: "performing specific physical activities (walking, swimming, etc.)" (0.9 ± 1.9), "performing physical activities for at least 30 minutes" (1.2 ± 2.2), "evaluation of blood sugar as times as recommended" (1.2 ± 2.3), "sweets intake" (1.3 ± 1.7) and "evaluation of blood sugar" (1.4 ± 2.3). Regarding smoking, 88.6% were not smokers. Factors related to self-care measures were: gender, indicating greater adherence of women, education level, and number of morbidities, suggesting that adherence to the feet care domain is directly proportional to education and number of morbidities. However, this same domain was inversely proportional to depression, indicating that there was greater adherence in those people without depressive symptoms. The factors associated with the adherence to self-care activities observed in this research contributed to the planning of strategies to prevent diabetes mellitus complications and promote improvements in the life and health of the older adults in the community.
O tratamento do diabetes mellitus é complexo e envolve diversas atividades. Seu objetivo é controlar a doença e evitar complicações. Parte do sucesso do tratamento está na adesão ao autocuidado. O objetivo desse estudo foi identificar os fatores relacionados à adesão às atividades de autocuidado em idosos comunitários com diabetes. Estudo transversal, observacional e analítico com abordagem quantitativa dos dados, realizado com 140 idosos. Foram utilizados os instrumentos: Mini Exame do Estado Mental para avaliação cognitiva, instrumento de caracterização sociodemográfica e clínica, Questionário Brasileiro de Avaliação Funcional e Multidimensional para verificação das morbidades autorreferidas, Escala de Depressão Geriátrica Abreviada para investigação da presença de sintomas depressivos e Questionário das Atividades de Autocuidado do Diabetes que avaliou a adesão a atividades relacionadas ao auto manejo de diabéticos.Os resultados deste estudo apontam que atividades de autocuidado com maior adesão foram: "tomar o número indicado de comprimidos do diabetes" (6,6±1,2), "tomar injeções de insulina conforme recomendado" (6,2±2,0), " secar os espaços entre os dedos dos pés depois de lavá-los" (4,6±3,2) e "seguir uma dieta saudável" (4,5±2,7) e as menores foram "realizar atividades físicas específicas (caminhar, nadar, etc)" (0,9±1,9), "realizar atividades físicas por pelo menos 30 minutos" (1,2±2,2), "avaliar o açúcar no sangue o número de vezesrecomendado" (1,2±2,3), "ingerir doces" (1,3±1,7) e "avaliar o açúcar no sangue" (1,4±2,3). Em relação ao tabagismo, 88,6% não eram fumantes. Os fatores que se apresentaram relacionados às medidas de autocuidado foram: sexo, indicando maior adesão das mulheres; escolaridade e número de morbidades, sugerindo a adesão ao domínio cuidado como os pés é diretamente proporcional à escolaridade e o número de morbidades; no entanto, este mesmo domínio apresentou-se inversamente proporcional ao indicativo de depressão, indicando que houve maior adesão entre os que não apresentaram sintomas depressivos. Os fatores associados à adesão das atividades de autocuidado observados nessa pesquisa contribuem para o planejamento de estratégias que visem prevenir complicações do diabetes mellitus e promovam melhorias na vida e saúde dos idosos da comunidade.
Subject(s)
Self Care , Aged , Diabetes Mellitus , TherapeuticsABSTRACT
Objective To study the correlation between TCM constitutions and sleep quality in the elderly population in Hunan Province; To provide a basis for improving sleep quality and adjusting the unbalanced constitutions of the elderly. Methods Multi-stage stratified sampling combined with convenient sampling method was used. TCM constitution rating scale, Pittsburgh sleep quality index, and self-designed general demographic, health and lifestyle questionnaire were used to conduct cross-sectional survey of elderly people living in Hunan Province. Results PSQI scores were negatively correlated with the balanced constitution, and positively correlated with unbalanced constitution, and sleep disturbance was closely related to yang deficiency and qi deficiency. The damp heat, phlegm-dampness, blood stasis, yin deficiency and qi deficiency got the highest scores in the five factors of sleep latency, sleep duration, sleep efficiency, sleep disorders and daytime dysfunction respectively. Conclusion Sleep problems of the elderly in Hunan Province are more prominent, and constitutions and sleep quality affect each other. Different TCM constitutions of sleep disorders in the elderly are different, and should be adjusted according to the constitutions.
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Objective To investigate the causes of high rate of false positives in the detection of syphilis in elderly patients.Methods We used RPR,TP -ELISA and TPPA to detect the antibody of syphilis in 1 200 patients, and the samples were divided into the elderly group (60 or higher)and the control group (<60 years old),confirmed by TPPA,then counted the positive rate and false positive rate,and the results were analyzed.Results The positive rate (8.00%)and false positive rate (4.50%)of the elderly group were significantly higher than the control group (3.83%,1.87%,χ2 =9.36,9.47,all P <0.05).The false positive rate significantly rised with the increase of age of the elderly group.Conclusion The reason of false positive may be associated with the physical condition of the patients,and we should consider it with the clinical manifestations when diagnosed.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The study objectives were to examine the participation rate in food assistance programs and explore the factors that contribute to such participation among the Korean elderly population. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The study sample comprised 3,932 respondents aged 65 years or older who were selected from a secondary data set, the fourth Korean Welfare Panel Study (KoWePS). The factors, related to participation in programs were examined based on the predisposing, enabling and need factors of the help-seeking behavior model. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to select the best contributors among the factors related to program participation. RESULTS: The predisposing rate in food assistance programs was 8.5% (7.1% for men and 10.4% for women). When all variables were included in the model, living without spouse, no formal education, low income, having social security benefits and food insecurity in elderly men, and age, low income, having social security benefits and feeling poor in elderly women were significantly related to a higher tendency to program participation. CONCLUSIONS: The predisposing and need factors, such as living without spouse, low education level, food insecurity and feeling poor were important for program participation, as well as enabling factors, such as household income and social security benefits. A comprehensive approach considering these factors to identify the target population for food assistance programs is needed to increase the effectiveness and target population penetration of these programs.
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Causality , Surveys and Questionnaires , Dataset , Education , Family Characteristics , Food Assistance , Food Supply , Health Services Needs and Demand , Logistic Models , Social Security , SpousesABSTRACT
Elderly population is a group of people who need more medical care and acquiring immediate medi-cal treatment in time is important for the aged to get a good health status. The article demonstrates the differences of medical accessibility between rural and urban seniors and analyses the influencing factors and changes of the dispari-ties using the 2011 waves of CLHLS data. Results indicate that compared to rural seniors, the aged living in urban area are more likely to achieve immediate treatment when they are seriously ill. The mechanism of the disparities is made by the different socioeconomic development level and social and medical security system. Moreover, the main reasons not to visit doctor when necessary are having no money and inconvenience to travel;the proportion of having no money and far from hospital are significantly larger in rural area than urban.