ABSTRACT
Para el éxito de un tratamiento endodóntico es fundamental un correcto diagnóstico pulpar. Existen controversias con respecto a la validez de los métodos diagnósticos comúnmente utilizados en la práctica diaria por el odontólogo para determinar la condición del estado pulpar. El objetivo fue determinar la validez de dos de las pruebas pulpares (de frío y calor) más comúnmente usadas por estudiantes de pregrado en pacientes que acuden a una clínica de endodoncia. Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal, en 49 pacientes (54 dientes) que acudieron para atención de endodoncia, y que cumplían con los criterios de selección de este estudio. La sensibilidad para la prueba de frío y calor fue 75,9% y para la prueba combinada (frío y calor) fue 69% versus sangrado cameral. La especificidad para la prueba de frío fue 80%, para la prueba de calor 76% y para la prueba combinada 84%. La prueba de frío o del calor por sí sola tiene mayor sensibilidad que aplicada de manera combinada. En cambio, se consiguió una mayor especificidad al combinar ambas pruebas diagnósticas, que por sí solas.
For successful endodontic treatment a correct diagnosis for pulp diseases is essential. Controversy exists regarding the validity of diagnostic methods commonly used in daily practice by the dentist to determine the condition of the pulp state. The aim of this study was to determine the validity of two thermal tests (cold and heat stimuli) most commonly used by undergraduates students in patients in patients treated in endodontic dental clinic. Cross-sectional study was performed in 49 patients (54 teeth) who needed endodontics treatment, and meeting the criteria of this study. Sensitivity to cold and heat test was 75.9% and the combined test (hot and cold) was 69%. The specificity for the cold test was 80%, for the heat test was 76%, and for the combined test 84%. The cold or heat test alone, shows more sensitivity than the combination. However, higher specificity was achieved by combining both tests.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Students, Dental , Dental Pulp Test/methods , Temperature , Cross-Sectional Studies , Predictive Value of Tests , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: It has been known that melatonin is involved in the modulation of nociceptive transmission. However, the effect of melatonin administered spinally has not been examined. Therefore, we examined the effect of melatonin on the formalin-induced or thermal-induced nociception at the spinal level. METHODS: Intrathecal catheter was inserted into the subarachnoid space of male Sprague-Dawley rats. Pain was assessed by formalin test (induced by injection of 50microliter of a 5% formalin solution to the hindpaw) or Hot-Box test (induced by radiant heat application to the hindpaw). The effect of intrathecal melatonin was examined on flinching behavior in the formalin test or withdrawal response in Hot-Box test. RESULTS: Intrathecal melatonin produced a limited, but dose-dependent reduction of the flinching response during phase 1 and 2 in the formalin test. In addition, melatonin delivered at evening also decreased the flinching response in both phases of the formalin test. Melatonin restrictively increased the withdrawal latency in Hot-Box test. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that melatonin is active against the formalin- and thermal-induced nocicpetion at the spinal level, but the effect is limited.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Male , Rats , Catheters , Formaldehyde , Hot Temperature , Melatonin , Nociception , Pain Measurement , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Spinal Cord , Subarachnoid SpaceABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Cannabinoids have shown antinociceptive action. The aims of this study were to examine the effect of chronic infusion of a cannabinoids receptors agonist (WIN 55, 212-2) for thermal nociception at the spinal level, and to also observe the development of toxicity. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were implanted with lumbar intrathecal catheters with the nociceptive response (withdrawal response latency) determined by exposing the plantar surface of the hindpaw to radiant heat. Initially, the effect of intrathecal WIN 55, 212-2 was evaluated followed by the change in the effect at 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks after repeated infusion. Finally, the histopathological findings were assessed 1 and 4 weeks following the infusion of WIN 55, 212-2. RESULTS: Intrathecal WIN 55, 212-2 was found to produce a limited antinociception during the thermal test. %MPE of WIN 55, 212-2 at 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks after infusion was not different from each other. No abnormal pathological findings were observed following a chronic intrathecal infusion of WIN 55, 212-2. CONCLUSIONS: WIN 55, 212-2, a cannabinoids receptors agonist, may be useful in the management of thermal nociception, without changing the effectiveness or causing the toxicity following a chronic infusion at the spinal level.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Male , Rats , Cannabinoids , Catheters , Hot Temperature , Nociception , Rats, Sprague-DawleyABSTRACT
Objective To investigate quantitatively the thermal sensation characteristics of the patients with facial palsy and the value of quantitative thermal test (QTT) in prognostication.Methods The QTT threshold of the fore ear and cheek of 30 patients with peripheral facial palsy was tested,their facial nerve conduction velocity was measured,and House-Brackmann facial nerve grading system was used to estimate facial nerve function at 2～3 weeks,a month,two months and half a year post onset.Results It was found that 12 out of 30 patients had abnor- mal QTT threshold value;the majority of them suffered from herpes virus and diabetes.In those with abnormal QTT, 8 were with diabetes mellitus (account for 66.7%),3 with partial shingles (account for 25%),and 1 with positive serum virus infection (account for 8.3%).Those with normal QTT were significantly different from those with abnor- mal QTT,with regard to the House-Brackmann rating scores after 2 and 6 months post onset (P