ABSTRACT
Antecedentes: El Perfil de Impacto de Salud Oral (OHIP-14) es el instrumento más empleado para evaluar cómo influye la enfermedad bucal en la calidad de vida con respecto a la salud oral y la eficacia de tratamientos odontológicos. En México, el OHIP-14 se ha adaptado para aplicarse a la enfermedad periodontal (OHIP-14-PD). Se desconocen las propiedades métricas del OHIP-14-PD en población general y no está bien establecido el modelo factorial del OHIP-14. Objetivos: Describir la distribución, la discriminabilidad y la consistencia interna de los ítems y de la puntuación total del OHIP-14-PD; explorar su estructura factorial, y contrastar varios modelos factores, estudiando la consistencia interna, validez convergente y discriminante de los factores. Métodos: Se aplicó el OHIP-14-PD a una muestra de 256 adultos de población general de Monterrey, México. Se usó análisis factorial confirmatorio. Resultados: La consistencia interna del OHIP-14-PD fue muy alta (a ordinal = 0,924). Su distribución mostró asimetría y curtosis positivas con una media de 12,32 (intervalo de confianza del 95 %: [11,29, 13,34]) y una mediana de 10,5. El modelo de un factor se sustentó por análisis paralelo de Horn y tuvo un ajuste de bueno (GFI = 0,976, AGEI = 0,967, NEI = 0,968 y REI - 0,962) a adecuado (
Background: The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) is the most frequently used instrument to evaluate how an oral disease impacts on the patients life quality based on his/her oral health and the dental treatment efficacy. In Mexico, the OHIP-14 has been adapted to be applied in the periodontal disease cases (OHIP-14-PD). The measuring properties of the OH1P-14-PD are unknown for the general population and are not duly established for the OHIP-14 factor model. Objectives: To describe the distribution, breakdown and internal consistency of the items and total score in the OHIP-14-PD; to explore the factor structure and to compare different factor models, thus studying the internal consistency, both converging and discriminating validity of the factors. Methods: The OHIP-14-PD was applied in a sample consisting of 256 common adults from Monterrey, Mexico. At the end, a factor analysis was used for confirmation. Results: The OHIP-14-PD internal consistency was high (ordinal a 0.924). the distribution showed asymmetries and positive kurtosis with a mean value of 12.32 (95% CI: [11.29, 13.34]) and a median value of 10.5. The factor model was supported by the Horn parallel analysis and showed an adjustment from good (GFI = 0.976, ACPI = 0.967, NFI = 0.968 and RFI = 0.962) to appropriate (X2/gl = 2.336 and SRMR = 0.083). When observing the relationship between two residual pairs, the adjustment resulted to be good for all the indexes and the factor showed a converging validity. Conclusion: The OHIP-14-PD is a one-dimension parameter with internal consistency and converging validity.