ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the types of non-tumor diseases in patients with cancer, and to explore the effects of those dis-eases on the diagnosis and treatment of cancer patients. Methods:We collected the medical records of cancer patients from January 2013 to December 2017 in Peking University Cancer Hospital, and screened for non-tumor diseases. The clinical records of the patients in this group were analyzed retrospectively, and the effects of those diseases on the diagnosis and treatment of tumors were dis-cussed. Results:Of the 1,323 cases of inter-hospital consultation, 1,153 cases of non-tumor disease (87.2％) were selected. There were 773 men (67.0％) and 380 women (33.0％) included. The median age was 62 (14-90) years. The primary tumor types included lung can-cer, gastric cancer, lymphoma, colorectal cancer, esophageal cancer, breast cancer, malignant melanoma, liver cancer, cholangiocarci-noma/gallbladder cancer, pancreatic cancer, and other tumors. Non-neoplastic diseases included cardiovascular disease in 356 cases (30.9％), respiratory system disease (17.0％) in 196 cases, digestive system disease in 107 cases (9.3％), skin and venereal diseases in 81 cases (7.0％), nervous system lesions (6.4％) in 74 cases, urinary system disease in 72 cases (6.2％), blood disease in 70 cases (6.1％), en-docrine and metabolic diseases in 47 cases (4.1％), autoimmune disease in 23 cases (2.0％), and other diseases (11.0％) in 127 cases. Impact on tumor diagnosis and treatment was as follows:direct, 771 cases (66.9％);no influence, 313 cases (27.1％);and uncertain, 69 cases (6.0％). Conclusions:Cardiovascular disease is a major non-tumor disease associated with cancer. Non-neoplastic diseases are important factors affecting the diagnosis and treatment plans of cancer.
ABSTRACT
[Objective] Summary of Ming and Qing Dynasties and traditional Chinese medicine before tumor disease, to clarify the concept and to separate the tumor, and the tumor gall. [Method] Carefully read the documents of ancient Chinese medicine literature, combined with the relevant theoretical research methods of TCM, analyze the etiology and pathogenesis of neoplasia and its diagnosis and treatment system, summarize the theoretical system of the disease. [Results] The tumor is between blood stasis and phlegm stagnation. In time, the flesh skin membrane, between flesh and skin, because of its clinical and gall disease shows the organism body mass, so the ancient medical books of the two are collectively referred to as the gall disease. It is equivalent to the surface soft tissue tumor of modern medicine. [Conclusion] Before and after Ming and Qing Dynasties, Chinese medicine has formed a complete system of diagnosis and treatment of tumor, which has a good guiding effect on modern clinic.
ABSTRACT
A set of embryonic proteins - potential markers for ovarian tumors is presented. More than ten new embryonic proteins have been tested, but no one strictly specific protein marker for diagnosis of ovarian tumors has been revealed. SOVA-1 is the most perspective marker for today. The special attention is given to peculiarities of evolution and mechanisms of early distribution of the tumor process. The role of pregnancy and “pregnancy specific glycoprotein”- PSG as a way of the ovary tumor disease prevention is discussed. An attempt to realize sources and logic of the disease is undertaken in the present work.
ABSTRACT
O transplante de células-tronco hematopoéticas autólogo permite o escalonamento de dose de drogas quimioterápicas e é uma estratégia atraente para tratamento de tumores sólidos, principalmente em doenças recaídas. Não há, no entanto, estudos randomizados fase III que demonstrem benefício deste procedimento em tumor sólido. Em tumor germinativo de testículo, há estudos fase II com excelentes resultados, proporcionando cura para doentes refratários a platina ou que estão em terceira linha de quimioterapia. Com base nisto, o transplante de células-tronco hematopoéticas autólogo é considerado tratamento padrão para tumor germinativo recaído. Para câncer de mama, o papel desta modalidade de tratamento permanece controverso apesar dos vinte anos de experiência. Ainda é utilizado em ensaios clínicos e talvez exista algum subgrupo que se beneficie. O procedimento não oferece benefício para câncer de ovário, pulmão ou tumor cerebral. O transplante alogeneico de células-tronco hematopoéticas para tumores sólidos se baseia no efeito enxerto-contra-tumor, que é observado para algumas doenças: câncer mamário, colorretal, ovariano, pancreático e, finalmente, renal, em que há a maior experiência. Porém, o tratamento ainda é considerado experimental.
Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, which allows chemotherapy dose-escalonation, is an attractive strategy for solid tumors treatment, specially relapsed diseases. However, there are no phase III trials showing benefits. There are phase II trials showing excellent results for germ cell tumors, including cure for platinrefractory and heavily pretreated patients. Because of this, autologous stem cell transplantation is considered standard of care for relapsed germ cell tumor. The role of this treatment remains controversial for breast cancer despite twenty years of experience. It's still done in clinical trials and it may benefit a subgroup of patients. The procedure offers no benefit for ovary, lung or cerebral cancer. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation for solid tumors relies on graft versus tumor effect, which is observed for some diseases: breast, colorectal, ovarian, pancreatic and, at last, kidney cancer, for which there is most experience. This treatment, however, is still experimental.