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Fundamento: las enfermedades cerebrovasculares constituyen una de las principales causas de mortalidad en el mundo. En las Américas constituyen la tercera causa de muerte y su incidencia se ve aumentada en los pacientes diabéticos tipo 2. Objetivo: caracterizar los pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 con enfermedad cerebrovascular isquémica aguda. Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo en pacientes diabéticos que ingresaron en el Hospital Calixto García con diagnóstico de enfermedad cerebrovascular isquémica aguda en el período comprendido entre enero y diciembre 2022. El universo estuvo constituido por la totalidad de pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 que ingresaron en la Institución y la población por 148 pacientes. Las variables analizadas fueron: sexo, color de piel y edad; tensión arterial e índice de masa corporal; colesterol, triacilgliceridos y glicemia; tipo enfermedad cerebrovascular y su gravedad y comorbilidades. Se utilizaron métodos de la estadística descriptiva como frecuencia absoluta y porciento. Los resultados se presentaron en tablas creadas a los efectos. Resultados: predominó el sexo masculino, el color de piel blanca y el grupo etáreo entre los 60 y 69 años con un 58,1 43,9 y 40,5 % respectivamente. Predominaron los pacientes hipertensos y con sobrepeso relacionados con la mayor gravedad de la enfermedad cerebrovascular, los pacientes hiperglicémicos con valores de colesterol y triacilgliceridos altos, en ellos fue más grave el evento isquémico cerebral. La hipertensión arterial y la cardiopatía isquémica prevalecieron en la población estudiada con un 81,8 y 52,7 respectivamente. Conclusiones: la enfermedad cerebrovascular fue más frecuente en el sexo masculino, color de piel blanca y pacientes de edad avanzada. La hipertensión arterial, el sobrepeso, la hiperglucemia así como los valores altos de colesterol y triglicéridos predominaron en la muestra y se relacionaron con la mayor gravedad del evento cerebrovascular isquémico.
Foundation: cerebrovascular diseases are one of the main causes of mortality in the world. In the Americas they constitute the third cause of death and their incidence is increased in type 2 diabetic patients. Objective: to characterize type 2 diabetic patients with acute ischemic cerebrovascular disease. Method: a descriptive study was carried out in diabetic patients who were admitted to the Calixto García Hospital with a diagnosis of acute ischemic cerebrovascular disease in the period between January and December 2022. The universe consisted of all type 2 diabetic patients who were admitted to the Institution and the population of 148 patients. The variables analyzed were: sex, skin color and age; blood pressure and body mass index; cholesterol, triacylglycerides and glycemia; type of cerebrovascular disease and its severity and comorbidities. Descriptive statistical methods such as absolute frequency and percentage were used. The results were presented in tables created for the purpose. Results: the male sex, the white skin color and the age group between 60 and 69 years predominated with 58.1, 43.9 and 40.5 % respectively. Hypertensive and overweight patients related to the greater severity of cerebrovascular disease, hyperglycemic patients with high cholesterol and triacylglyceride values predominated, and in them the cerebral ischemic event was more severe. Arterial hypertension and ischemic heart disease prevailed in the studied population with 81.8 and 52.7 respectively. Conclusions: cerebrovascular disease was more frequent in males, white skin color and elderly patients. Arterial hypertension, overweight, hyperglycemia as well as high cholesterol and triglyceride values predominated in the sample and were related to the greater severity of the ischemic cerebrovascular event.
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Objective:To analyze the correlation between serum bile acid and glycolipid metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) and metabolically associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD).Methods:A total of 387 T2DM patients hospitalized in Jinan Central Hospital in Shandong Province from July 2020 to November 2021 were selected, including 140 T2DM patients (T2DM group) and 247 T2DM patients with MAFLD (T2DM with MAFLD group). Clinical data were collected of all patients for retrospective analysis and compare the differences in clinical datas in the T2DM group and the T2DM with MAFLD group. Analyze the influencing factors of T2DM with MAFLD. The serum total bile acid (S-TBA) of the T2DM with MAFLD group was divided into T1, T2 and T3 groups by the method of trisection. Triglyceride glucose index (TyG) and hemoglobin glycation index (HGI) were divided into low TyG group, high TyG group and low HGI group, high HGI group by their median values. The incidence of hyperlipidemia, degree of insulin resistance and glycosylated hemoglobin variation was compared among the three groups. To analyze the influencing factors of TyG and HGI. The measurement data conforming to the normal distribution were compared between two groups by independent sample t-test, the comparison between multiple groups by ANOVA, the comparison between two groups of measurement data not conforming to the normal distribution by Mann Whitney U test, and the comparison between multiple groups by Kruskal Wallis H test, χ 2 test was used for comparison of count data between groups. The influencing factors of T2DM with MAFLD and high HGI were analyzed by multivariate binary Logistic regression. The influencing factors of TyG were analyzed using multiple stepwise linear regression. Results:There was no significant difference between the S-TBA of T2DM group and T2DM with MAFLD group ( P>0.05). TyG ( OR=1.788, 95% CI: 1.223-2.614), superoxide dismutase (SOD) ( OR=1.019, 95% CI: 1.009-1.030) and VFA (visceral fat area) ( OR=1.021, 95% CI: 1.013-1.028) were risk factors for the occurrence of T2DM with MAFLD ( P values are 0.003, 0.001 and 0.001, respectively). The incidence of high TyG in T3 group (61.0% (50/82)) as higher than that in T1 group (40.0% (32/80)), the incidence of high HGI in T3 group (61.0% (50/82)) was higher than that in T2 group (41.2% (35/85)), the morbidity of hypercholesterolemia in T3 group (15.9% (13/82)) was higher than that in T2 group (4.7% (4/85)), the differences were statistically significant (χ 2 values were 7.13, 6.55, 5.67; the P values were 0.008, 0.011, 0.017). S-TBA, hepatic steatosis index (HSI) and VFA were independent influencing factors of TyG (the P values were 0.003, <0.001, <0.001). S-TBA ( OR=0.940, 95% CI:0.887-0.997) and fasting C peptide ( OR=0.454, 95% CI:0.219-0.940) were protective factors for the occurrence of high HGI (the P values were 0.039, 0.034). Conclusion:S-TBA was positively correlated with the degree of insulin resistance and incidence of hypercholesterolemia in patients with T2DM and MAFLD, negatively correlated with the degree of glycated hemoglobin variation.
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Objective To study the prevalence of diabetic nephropathy (DN) and the relationship between dietary pattern and risk. Methods From August 2018 to May 2021, 655 T2DM patients in Wuhan Puren Hospital, including 338 males and 317 females, were divided into T2DM group (n=368 cases) and DN group (n=287 cases) according to whether patients had DN. The uniformly trained staff of our hospital used the simplified version of food intake frequency questionnaire designed for diabetes to investigate the reasonable dietary intake of patients in nearly one year. Clinical data of patients in the two groups were collected and the intake of protein, fat, carbohydrate and dietary fiber in the two groups was statistically analyzed. Logistics regression was used to analyze the formula independent risk factors of DN in T2DM, and Pearson correlation analysis was performed on the incidence of diabetic nephropathy and dietary pattern. Results Among of 655 T2DM patients, there were 287 (43.82%) patients with DN, including 149 males and 138 females. The average age, duration of diabetes, smoking in DN group were significantly higher than those in T2DM group (P0.05). Energy, protein intake, carbohydrate and fat intake in DN group were significantly higher than those in T2DM group (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that protein, carbohydrate and fat intake were independent risk factors for DEVELOPING DN in T2DM patients (P<0.05). According to Pearson correlation analysis, the risk of developing DN in T2DM patients was positively correlated with protein and fat intake (r=0.449 , 0.517, P<0.05). Conclusion PATIENTS with T2DM have a higher risk of DEVELOPING DN, which is closely related to dietary intake. Reasonable allocation of dietary intake can reduce the risk of developing DN.
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OBJECTIVE@#Scutellarin is a primary active composition come from Erigeron breviscapus. It is well known that scutellarin has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant physiological functions. In this study, we detected the effects of scutellarin on hepatocyte cell apoptosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats.@*METHODS@#Sprague Dawley (SD) (6-8 weeks, 160-180 g) rats were randomly divided into six groups: control, model, scutellarin low-dose, medium-dose, high-dose treatment, and rosiglitazone positive groups; with 10 SD rats in each group (n = 10). The changes of biochemical factors in serum were detected by automatic biochemical instrument, the pathological changes of liver tissue were detected by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, the apoptosis of liver tissue and cells was detected by tissue staining and flow analyzer, and the expression of apoptosis-related factors were determined by qPCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry in liver tissues or cells.@*RESULTS@#The results showed that scutellarin decreased the levels of fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein and increased the levels of high-density lipoprotein. Meanwhile, scutellarin decreased the levels of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) and improved liver function. In addition, scutellarin suppressed the secretion of interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and reduced hepatocyte apoptosis. Furthermore, scutellarin inhibited the expression of cleaved Caspase-3, Bax, and cytochrome C (Cyt-C) and promoted the expression of Bcl-2.@*CONCLUSION@#Scutellarin can inhibit the apoptotic pathway, thereby relieving T2DM.
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Background: Type 2 Diabetes mellitus affects the quality of life of individuals and their ability to function. It affects the physical, social and mental well-being of patients with immediate and delayed complications.This study determined the quality of life of type 2 diabetic patients attending a tertiary hospital in south-south Nigeria.Methods:This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among type 2 diabetic patients attending the medical outpatient clinic of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital between September and November 2019. Purposive sampling technique was used to select a total of 347 participants for the study following ethical approval. WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was used to measure the QoL of the participants. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23.0. Descriptive data were presented in frequency distribution tables while summary statistics were done using mean and standard deviation for continuous variables and in proportions for categorical variables. Results:Results revealed that majority of the type 2 diabetic patients were females (53.3%) and between the ages of 51-60 years. 27.2% of them had poor overall QoL with the score of <45% while 65.7% had fair overall QoL with a score of 45-65 %. 7.1% had good overall QoL with a score of ≥65%. Conclusion:Majority of the type 2 diabetic patients had fair QoL while the least had good QoL. There is urgent need for increased health awareness and education of diabetic patients regarding diabetic care.
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Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Tertiary Care Centers , Quality of Life , Diabetes Complications , Diet, DiabeticABSTRACT
Aim To investigate the effeet of dihydro- myricetin ( DHM ) on cognitive dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM) rats and its mechanism.Methods SD rats were randomly divided into the normal control group ( n = 56) : normal diet and citrate buffer solution (30 mg • kg 1 ) ; T2DM model group (n =60) : high glucose, fat and low dose STZ ( 30 mg • kg 1 ) ( Four unsuccessful rats were eliminated ).Then rats in the above two groups were treated with or without DHM (250 mg • kg 1 • d intragastric).After 12 weeks, eight rats in each group were randomly selected to perform Morris water maze and Y maze test to observe the effect of DHM on cognitive function of rats.The remaining rats in each group were injected ERS antagonist tauroursodeoxycholic acid ( TUDCA ) 10 jxg • d 1 or ERS activator tunicamycin (TUN) 10 jxL, respectively.After the behavioral analysis, the hippocampal tissues of rats were taken out.The expressions of EH stress related proteins GRP78 and P- PERK were detected by Western blot.Results Both DHM and TUDCA could improve cognitive dysfunction in T2DM rats.On the contrary, TIJN reduced the effect of DHM on cognitive dysfunction in T2DM rats.TUDCA decreased the expression of GRP78 and p- PERK proteins in T2DM rats, while TUN increased the expression of GRP78 and p-PERK proteins in T2DM rats treated by DHM.Conclusion DHM improves cognitive dysfunction in T2DM rats, and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress.
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Objective To explore the regulatory effeet of Qifu Yin ( QFY) on JAK2/STAT3 pathway in rats with type 2 diabetic cognitive impairment.Methods A small dose of STZ combined with high-fat and high- sugar feed was used to build the model.After success, they were divided into model group, QFY low-dose, high-dose group, and metformin group.After four weeks of intervention, fasting blood glucose ( FBG ) was measured; Morris water maze was used to detect spatial learning and memory ability in rats; Nissl staining and immunofluorescence staining were respectively used to detect the degree of brain injury and the expression of lba-1 , a marker of microglia .EL1SA was used to detect the expression of TNF-cx, IL6, ILK) and BDNF.Western blot was employed to detect the expression of JAK2/STAT3 pathway.Results Compared with the control group, the model group showed significant increase in blood glucose, decreased spatial learning and memory capacity, severely damaged hipp-ocampal neurons, increased activated microglia, significantly higher levels of TNF-cx, 1L6, p-JAK2/JAK2 and p-STAT3/STAT3, and signif icantly lower levels of ILK) and BDNF.Compared with the model group, QFY group effectively reduced FBG, inhibited the con-tinuous rise of FBG, improved learning and memory a- bility, improved hippocampal neuronal damage, reduced activated microglia, reduced TNF-cx, 1L6, p- JAK2/JAK2 and p-STAT3/STAT3 levels, and increased ILK) and BDNF levels.Conclusion QFY has been shown to improve type 2 diabetic cognitive impairment , and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of blood glucose rise and regulation of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway, thereby inhibiting microglia activation.
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OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of acupuncture at @*METHODS@#Sixty patients with type-2 diabetic peripheral neuropathy were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 30 cases in each one. Both groups were treated with basic treatment, and the observation group was additionally treated with acupuncture at Neiting (ST 44), Xiangu (ST 43), Dadu (SP 2), Taibai (SP 3), Zusanli (ST 36), etc. once every other day, 3 times a week for 4 weeks. The changes of TCM symptom score, Toronto clinical assessment (TCSS) score, visual analogue scale (VAS) score of pain and serum tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α) level were observed before and after treatment in the two groups, and the clinical effects of the two groups were evaluated.@*RESULTS@#Compared before treatment, the TCM syndrome score and the TCSS score in the two groups were reduced after treatment (@*CONCLUSION@#Acupuncture at
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Humans , Acupuncture Points , Acupuncture Therapy , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy , Diabetic Neuropathies/therapy , Rivers , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the effect of sleeve gastrectomy on blood glucose in obese rats with diabetes mellitus.Methods:Thirty-two 12 week old Goto Kakizaki (GK) diabetic rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: sham operation group (A) , sleeve stomach operation group (B) , sleeve stomach operation+external bile drainage group (C) and sleeve stomach operation + external bile drainage + oleanolic acid group (D) . The changes of fasting blood glucose and blood bile acid were compared before and after operation. The expression level of GLP-1 in serum of each group was detected by ELISA, and the difference of protein expression of bile acid G protein coupled receptor (TGR5) was detected by Western blot.Results:The blood glucose level of group A had no significant change after operation. But blood glucose level in group B and group D was significantly lower than that before operation. Blood glucose in group C was lower than that before operation, but there was no significant difference in comparison. Serum total bile acid level in group A had no significant difference before and after operation. Bile acid level in group B was significantly higher than that before operation, while bile acid level in group C and group D was significantly lower than that before operation. There was no significant difference in the level of serum GLP-1 in group A before and after operation. The level of serum GLP-1 in group B and group D was significantly higher than that before operation. The level of serum GLP-1 in group C was lower than that before operation, but there was no significant difference. The expression of TGR5 protein in terminal ileum in group B and group D was higher than that in group A, but the expression in group C was similar with that in group A.Conclusions:Sleeve gastrectomy has definite hypoglycemic effect on T2DM rats. Bile acid and its related receptor TGR5 should play an important role in the mechanism of sleeve gastrectomy in treatment of diabetes.
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Objective:By comparing the changing of chemical composition contents and the effects of improving insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic KKAy mice， to explore the processing principle of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma processed with salt-water. Method:Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry （UPLC-MS） was established for determining the contents of seven saponins and mangiferin in raw and salt-processed products of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma. The mobile phase was 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution （A） and acetonitrile （B） for gradient elution （0-1 min， 90%-80%A； 1-2 min， 80%-78%A； 2-5.5 min， 78%-70%A； 5.5-10.5 min， 70%-40%A； 10.5-12 min， 40%-20%A； 12-12.1 min， 20%-90%A； 12.1-13 min， 90%A）. The flow rate was set at 0.3 mL·min-1. The mass spectrographic analysis employed electrospray ionization （ESI） and negative ion acquisition mode. The acquisition range was m/z 100-1 200. The experimental type 2 diabetic KKAy mice were divided into model group， Anemarrhenae Rhizoma group （7.2 g·kg-1·d-1） and Anemarrhenae Rhizoma processed with salt-water group （7.2 g·kg-1·d-1）. C57BL/6J mice were considered as normal group and were given the same volume of saline. There are nine mice in each group， once a day for 21 consecutive days. The fasting blood glucose （FBG） was measured once a week. Three hours after the last administration， the blood samples of mice were collected by drawing eyeballs and were centrifuged to separate serum for further experiment. The fasting insulin （FINS）， leptin （LEP）， glycated hemoglobin （HbA1c）， glycated albumin （GA）， glucagon-like peptide-1 （GLP-1） levels in serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The insulin sensitivity index （ISI） and the homeostasis model assessment insulin-resistance （HOMA-IR） were calculated. The expressions of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase （PI3K）， phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylkinase （PEPCK） and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma co-activator1 （PGC1） mRNA in hepatic and adipose tissue of mice from each group were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction method （Real-time PCR）. Result:After being processed with salt-water， the contents of 8 chemical components in Anemarrhenae Rhizoma were increased， among which the contents of timosaponin AⅢ， timosaponin BⅡ， timosaponin BⅢ， anemarrhenasaponin Ⅰ， anemarrhenasaponin Ⅰa， mangiferin were significantly increased， and increased by 43.78%， 38.77%， 25.84%， 28.21%， 22.51%， 24.04%， respectively. Compared with the model group， raw and salt-processed products of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma could significantly decrease the levels of FBG， FINS， HOMA-IR， HbA1c， LEP， GA （P<0.05， P<0.01）， increase the levels of ISI， GLP-1 （P<0.05， P<0.01） in serum of mice with type 2 diabetes， and significantly increase the expression of PI3K and PGC1 mRNA in hepatic and adipose tissue （P<0.05）. It is worth noting that salt-processed products is better than that of raw products. Conclusion:Raw and salt-processed products of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma have obvious hypoglycemic effect. And the hypoglycemic effect of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma can be promoted after being processed with salt-water by promoting insulin secretion and improving insulin resistance. Incremental components are the probably material basis for enhancement of hypoglycemic effect of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma after being processed with salt-water.
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BACKGROUND: Osteoporotic fracture combined with type 2 diabetic mellitus in female patients is often accompanied by dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia. In addition to insulin treatment, statins are often prescribed for combination therapy, but the combined effect of these two drugs on fracture healing has not been reported in such patients. OBJECTIVE; To investigate the effect of lovastatin combined with insulin on the fracture healing of bilateral ovariectomized rats suffering from type 2 diabetic mellitus. METHODS: The study was approved by the Ethical Committee of North China University of Science and Technology. Thirty-two female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control, diabetic ovariectomized, insulin and combined groups. A model of type 2 diabetes and osteoporosis fracture was established in all rats except for the control group. At 7 days after the type 2 diabetic model was successfully established by injection of streptozotocin, the rats in the insulin and combined groups received the subcutaneous injection of insulin (2-4 U in the morning, and 4-6 U in the evening) until the end of the experiment. The rats in the combined group were given 20 mg/kg lovastatin via gavage daily, and those in the other two groups were not treated. All rats were sacrificed at 3 weeks after fracture. Radiographic, clinical and histomorphometric detections of the callus were performed. The expression levels of bone morphogenetic protein 2, vascular endothelial growth factor and collagen type II were detected. All above results were used to analyze the fracture healing in each group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1)The radiographic score, micro-CT index, histologic score and the expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and collagen type II in the diabetic ovariectomized group were significantly poorer than those in the control group (P < 0.05). (2) All above indexes in the insulin group were significantly improved compared with the diabetic ovariectomized group (P < 0.05), which promoted the fracture healing of model rats. (3) After combined with lovastatin, although the expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and bone morphogenetic protein 2 in the callus were significantly increased (P < 0.05), there was no significant improvement in the radiographic appearance and microstructure of the callus.
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Objective: To explore effects of polysaccharides from Scrophulariae Radix (PFR) on glucolipid metabolism and hepatic insulin signaling pathway in type 2 diabetic rats. Methods: Diabetic rat models were constructed by STZ injection, and randomly divided into five groups: model group, low, medium and high dose groups (80, 160, 320 mg/kg) of PFR, and positive drug group of metformin (200 mg/kg); In addition, ordinary feed rats of the same age were set as normal group; Body weight and survival status, fasting blood glucose (FBG), blood lipid (TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C), liver function (ALT, AST), renal function (CREA, BUN), glycosylated hemoglobin (GHb), insulin secretion (FINS), C-peptide, SOD, MDA, CAT, GSH-Px, and other indicators were detected after drug delivery for six weeks; HE staining and oil red O staining were used to evaluate the pathological changes and steatosis of liver in rats; Western blotting was used to detect the changes of hepatic insulin signaling pathway related protein. Results: PFR increased the weight of diabetic rats, improved the metabolic function, reducde the content of FBG, GHb, ALT, AST, CREA, BUN, TC, TG, LDL-C, MDA and increased the content of HDL-C, FINS, C-peptide, SOD, CAT and GSH-Px; Western blotting assay showed that PFR could activate IRS-2/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and increase the protein levels of PPAR-γ and GLUT-4. Conclusion: PFR could improve glucolipid metabolism in type 2 diabetic rats by regulating the hepatic insulin signaling pathway.
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OBJECTIVES: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are potentially ideal for type 2 diabetes treatment, owing to their multidirectional differentiation ability and immunomodulatory properties. Here we investigated whether the stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) in combination with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) could treat type 2 diabetic rats, and explored the underlying mechanism. METHODS: SD rats were used to generate a type 2 diabetes model, which received stem cell therapy, HBO therapy, or both together. Before and after treatment, body weight, blood glucose, and serum insulin, blood lipid, pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6), and urinary proteins were measured and compared. After 6 weeks, rats were sacrificed and their organs were subjected to hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunofluorescence staining for insulin and glucagon; apoptosis and proliferation were analyzed in islet cells. Structural changes in islets were observed under an electron microscope. Expression levels of Pdx1, Ngn3, and Pax4 mRNAs in the pancreas were assessed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). RESULTS: In comparison with diabetic mice, those treated with the combination or SHE therapy showed decreased blood glucose, insulin resistance, serum lipids, and pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased body weight and serum insulin. The morphology and structure of pancreatic islets improved, as evident from an increase in insulin-positive cells and a decrease in glucagon-positive cells. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining of islet cells revealed the decreased apoptosis index, while Ki67 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen staining showed increased proliferation index. Pancreatic expression of Pdx1, Ngn3, and Pax4 was upregulated. CONCLUSION: SHED combined with HBO therapy was effective for treating type 2 diabetic rats. The underlying mechanism may involve SHED-mediated increase in the proliferation and trans-differentiation of islet β-cells and decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis of islets.
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Humans , Animals , Male , Mice , Rats , Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/therapy , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy , Insulin-Secreting Cells , Hyperbaric Oxygenation/methods , Stem Cells , Tooth, Deciduous , China , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/chemically induced , Mesenchymal Stem Cells , InsulinABSTRACT
Diabetes mellitus is considered to be a state of persistent low grade inflammation which contributes to the pathogenesis of disease. Inflammation is a state of local protective response to tissue injury. In addition to local response, systemic response called as acute-phase response is depicted by the changes in levels of acute phase reactants like CReactive Protein(CRP), complement system proteins, serum amyloid A, haptoglobin and fibrinogen. Methods: 50 Type 2 Diabetic patients and 50 non diabetic subjects between the age group of 30-65 years who were all attending in OPD at Santosh Medical college and Hospital Ghaziabad, were selected for the study. Results: Both the study and control groups were comparable with respect to age (p 0.012). The study group had higher body mass index(p 0.0003), higher fasting blood glucose (p<0.0001), higher 2 –hour postprandial blood glucose (p<0.0001), higher HbA1c levels (p<0.0001), higher serum total cholesterol (p<0.0001), higher triglyceride levels(p<0.0001), higher LDL cholesterol(p<0.0001), and lower HDL cholesterol levels(p<0.0001), higher hsCRP level (p<0.0001), higher MDA level (p<0.0001) and Lower Thiols level (p<0.0001) in type 2 DM subjects. Conclusion: In conclusion, the mean concentrations of fasting & postprandial serum glucose, lipids, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, MDA, & glycated hemoglobin were significantly increased in type 2 diabetic subjects when compared to controls. There was no significant increase in plasma protein Thiols levels found in type 2 diabetic subjects when compared to controls.
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@#AIM: To analyze the risk factors affecting the occurrence of vitreous hemorrhage(VH)in type 2 diabetic retinopathy(DR). <p>METHODS: The clinical data of 165 patients with DR admitted to the hospital from November 2016 to November 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Multivariate Logistic regression was performed to analyze independent relevant factors of VH occurrence in patients with DR. <p>RESULTS: Totally 165 patients with DR, 59 cases(59 eyes)with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy(NPDR), including 18 cases(18 eyes)with mild NPDR, 21 cases(21 eyes)with moderate NPDR and 20 cases(20 eyes)with severe NPDR. And there were 106 cases(106 eyes)with proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR). Among them, there were 87 cases(87 eyes)with VH, and the incidence rate was 82.1%. There were significant differences in age, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose(FPG), glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c), triglyceride(TG), cholesterol(TC), high density lipoprotein(HDL), low density lipoprotein(LDL)and creatinine(CRE)between non-VH group and VH group(<i>P</i><0.05). Taking the presence or absence of VH as dependent variable, multivariate Logistic analysis showed that HbA1c was an independent risk factor for occurrence of VH(<i>P</i><0.05), and HDL was an independent protective factor for occurrence of VH(<i>P</i><0.05). <p>CONCLUSION: HbA1c and HDL are independent relevant factors influencing the occurrence of VH in patients with DR. In clinical practice, blood glucose and lipids should be strictly controlled to reduce the probability of DR progression to VH.
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Objective To examine the relationship between physical activity and glycemic control among type 2 diabetic patients with a good compliance level in China. Methods A total of 1 272 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes with a good compliance level were recruited from five community health centers in Nanjing Chemical Industry Administrative Zone from 2014 to 2016. Logistic regression models were used to examine the relationship between physical activity and glycemic control. Results In this cross-sectional study, 1 272 type 2 diabetic patients (596 men and 676 women) were recruited. The participants’ mean (standard deviation, SD) age was (64.63±9.04) years old. Male participants who achieved sufficient physical activity had the odds ratio (OR) of 2.11 (95%CI:1.17-3.18, P=0.013) for a tight glycemic control compared to their counterparts who had sufficient physical activity, after controling for the potential confounders, no significant association between physical activity and glycemic control status existed in women. Conclusions Physical activity is positively associated with glycemic control among male type 2 diabetic patients who had a good compliance level in Nanjing. Specific physical activity interventions should be implemented to type 2 diabetic patients
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Aim: To observe the effect of uc.48 + small interference RNA (siRNA) on liver glycogen abnormality in type 2 diabetic rats and its possible mechanism. Methods: The diabetes model was established by feeding high glucose and high fat diet combined with streptozotocin(STZ). After the success of the model, the long noncoding RNA uc. 48 + siRNA was injected into the rat body via tail vein. The changes of blood glucose and the content of liver glycogen were detected dynamically, and the liver glycogen was detected one week after injection. Glucokinase (GK) mRNA and protein expression in liver tissues of each group were detected by qPCR and Western blot. Results: It was observed that postprandial blood glucose and fasting blood glucose decreased in diabetic model rats after treated with uc. 48 + siRNA compared with those in model rats. The level of liver glycogen in diabetic model rats was significantly lower than that in control group. The synthesis of liver glycogen in diabetic model rats with uc. 48 + siRNA treatment increased compared with that in diabetic model group. The expressions of GK mRNA and protein in the diabetic model group were significantly lower than those in control group. The expression of GK mRNA and protein markedly increased after uc. 48 + siRNA treatment. Conclusions: uc. 48 + siRNA reduces blood glucose and increases glycogen synthesis in type 2 diabetic rats, and its mechanism may involve in increasing GK expression and Aktl phosphorylation.
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Aim To investigate the hypoglycemic effect of alismoxide. Methods Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) mouse model induced by combined administration of streptozotocin and nicotinamide was adopted. Three weeks later, blood glucose of blank control group and type 2 diabetic mouse model group was measured on day 21 , and oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT) was carried out on day 2 2 , respectively. After type 2 diabetic mouse model was successfully established, rosiglitazorie was chosen as positive drug. Oral administration of rosiglitazone at dose of 10 mgk g-1 daily was performed for three weeks in positive group. Oral administration of alismoxide at dose of 5 , 10 and 20 mg kg"1 daily for three weeks was carried out in alismoxide different dose group, respectively. Furthermore, influence of alismoxide on differentiation was investigated in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes, and Oil red 0 staining was adopted. Results Not only blood glucose was decreased by alismoxide in type 2 DM mice, but also hypoglycemic trend was exhibited during OGTT. Furthermore, at concentration of 0. 5 and 1 fimol L " 1 , alismoxide promoted 3T3-L1 pre-adipocyte differentiation. Conclusions It suggests that alismoxide might possess hypoglycemic property and accelerate pre-adipocyte differentiation; however, the mechanism involved needs further study.
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Aim To study the mechanism of metformin in the treatment of type 2 diabetic melitus (T2DM) rats. Methods Rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group and metformin group with 10 rats in each group. Four weeks after induction with HFSD, 35 mg 'kg-1 STZ was injected intramuscularly, and the experiment was completed after 8 weeks of administration. UPLC/ESI-TOF-MS was used to study the effects of metformin on metabolites in serum of T2DM rats, and qPCR was used to find its target. Results Compared with normal group, the body weight, pancreatic index and insulin level in model group decreased significantly (P < 0. 05) , liver index, GLU, TC, TG and FFA levels increased significantly (P < 0.01), OGTT was significantly impaired, while met-formin could significantly increase body weight, pancreatic index and insulin level (P <0. 05) , reduce liver index, GLU, TC, TG and FFA levels (P < 0. 05) , and improve OGTT. After metahonomics, 17 biomark-ers were obtained. After verification, metformin was found to regulate the synthesis and metabolism of cholesterol, fatty acids, bile acids and phospholipids. Conclusions Metformin can improve the lipid metabolism disorder of T2DM by regulating the synthesis and metabolism of cholesterol, fatty acids, bile acids and phospholipids.
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Objective: To observe the hypoglycemic effect of Uygur medicine Ziya Biti tablet on the type 2 diabetic rats, and analyze the hypoglycemic mechanism based on metabolomic techniques. Method: According to the results of clinical research about different origins of Ziya Biti tablet, the optimal composition was screened out; type 2 diabetic rats were taken as an experimental object in the pharmacodynamic experiments;the control group and model group were given the same dose of normal saline, Ziya Biti bablet group was given 300 mg·kg-1, the metformin group was given 300 mg·kg-1 metformin hydrochloride. The fasting blood and weight changes of the experimental group after the treatment were recorded and compared with normal group; ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-linear ion trap/electrostatic field orbit trap combined-type high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-LTQ/Orbitrap MS) technology was used to conduct the metabolomics analysis on the rat serum, and principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) on different groups of rat serum metabolites were performed to identify potential biomarkers. Result:Compared with the model group, the rats in the Uygur medicine Ziya Biti tablet showed a healthy states, and the blood glucose were decreased(PPPConclusion:The experimental results showed that Uygur medicine Ziya Biti tablet can reduce the blood glucose of type 2 diabetic rats and allivate general physiological characteristics. The mechanism of action may be related to the improvement of amino acid metabolism and lipid metabolism.