Application of "upgraded single-entry colonoscope training method" in the primary endoscopic training of refresher doctors / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To explore the application of "upgraded single-entry colonoscope training method" in the primary endoscopic training of refresher doctors.Methods:A total of 71 refresher doctors who participated in the primary single endoscopy training in the Endoscopy Center of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from January 2017 to December 2019 were randomized to two groups: upgraded single-entry endoscopy training group ( n=36) and traditional single-entry endoscopy training group ( n=35). In the first week of training, all the participants learned the basic theory of single-entry enteroscopy insertion. From week 2 to week 11, each doctors of the two groups finally completed 80 to 100 cases of single-entry endoscopy. The upgraded single-entry colonoscopy training group was divided into two stages: "rectum-proximal sigmoid colon" and "descending colon-ileocecal part" with the boundary of descending-sigmoid colon as the dividing point, which was different from the traditional group. At the 12th week, each doctors were assessed by 20 cases of single-entry colonoscopy operation. the success rate of ileocecum insertion, the time to pass through sigmoid colon, the rate of loop formation and the average operation time of successful ileocecum insertion were compared between the two groups. SPSS 26.0 was used for t test or chi-square test. Results:Compared with the traditional single-entry endoscopy training group, the upgraded single-entry endoscopy training group achieved better results in the successful rate of ileocecal insertion (66.8% vs. 59.0%, P=0.005), the time to pass sigmoid colon [(6.05±3.32) min vs. (7.15±3.12) min, P<0.001], the loop rate (35.13% vs. 40.71%, P=0.035), the average operation time of successfully inserting the ileocecal part [(9.01±2.12) min vs. (10.25±3.12) min, P<0.001] and the discomfort response score [(5.19±1.41) vs. (6.70±2.15), P<0.001], with statistical significance between the groups. Conclusion:"Upgraded single-entry endoscopy training method" emphasizes no loop through sigmoid colon, which is more helpful for refresher doctors to master the operation skills of single-entry colonoscopy, shorten the teaching time, and reduce the discomfort of patients, and is suitable for popularization in the teaching.

The application of"flipped classroom" based on King's standard theory in internal medicine nurs-ing teaching / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of King's goal theory based flipped class teaching model on medical nursing teaching of upgraded full-time bachelors. Methods Upgraded full-time bachelors were divided into experimental and control group. The experimental group was intervened by King's goal theory based flipped class teaching model, while the control group adopted the traditional teaching model. A general condition questionnaire, SDLRS and CIRN were used to test the two groups. Results The scores of SDLRS and CIRN for experimental group were significantly higher than those of control group. Factors such as professional choice intention , group learning experience , self-directed learning experience and acceptance of teaching methods reform mainly affected self-directed learning readiness , while factors such as professional choice intention, character and self-directed learning experience mainly affected regis-tered nurses competency. Conclusions King's goal theory based flipped class teaching model helps to improve the self-directed learning readiness and registered nurses competency of upgraded full-time bachelors.

Investigation and analysis of full-time bachelor and upgraded clinical nurses working status in Nanning / 重庆医学

Objective To investigation the present situation of full‐time bachelor and upgraded clinical nurses ,in order to provide effective basis for the reasonable nursing hierarchical management and job arrangement .Methods Using cluster sampling method ,the working status of clinical nurses self‐designed questionnaire survey for 566 clinical nurses from 13 three level of first‐class hospitals of Nanning city were investigated by self‐designed questionnaire survey .Results The total score of full‐time bache‐lor and upgraded clinical nurses working status showed low satisfaction;the total score of working status of the upgraded nurse was higher than full‐time bachelor nurses .The upgraded clinical nurse in 4 dimensions of welfare treatment ,nursing working character‐istics and identity ,the work to be recognized ,interpersonal relationship scored higher than full‐time bachelor nurse(P0 .05) .Conclusion The overall performance of working statute of full‐time bachelor nurses is worse than upgraded nurses ,and some aspects including the occupation identification need to be further strengthened .The nursing managers need to increase the nursing hierarchical using of strength ,promote the rationalization process of job responsibility and arrangement of the high degree of clinical nurses ,in order to reduce the flow loss rate .

Percepciones de mujeres rurales de una comunidad peruana acerca de su desempeño con cocinas mejoradas / Perceptions of rural females on their performance with upgraded stoves in a Peruvian community

Introducción: en la mayoría de los hogares rurales en Perú se usan cocinas tradicionales que emplean combustible productores de humo, contaminante del ambiente con afectaciones en la salud. El control de la contaminación del aire en viviendas rurales está siendo atendido con la implementación de proyectos de cocinas mejoradas. Objetivos: analizar las percepciones de las mujeres acerca del uso de la cocina mejorada y sus beneficios en salud. Métodos: investigación cualitativa realizada en cinco comunidades del municipio de San Jerónimo, Apurímac, Perú, 2009. Se seleccionaron 20 madres activas en eventos a favor de las cocinas mejoradas. Se utilizó una guía de observación, entrevistas en profundidad y grupos focales. Resultados: las condiciones físicas de la vivienda y las prácticas en el manejo de las cocinas mejoradas perpetuaron la contaminación del aire interior. Las motivaciones de las mujeres para usar estas cocinas se relacionaron con el ahorro de tiempo y de leña. Reconocieron la presencia de menos humo y mejoría en malestares oculares, tos y gripe, pero no los incluyeron entre las razones para continuar con el uso de estas cocinas. Conclusiones: la percepción de las mujeres es favorable en aspectos que concierne a la esfera económica. Perciben de forma limitada la vinculación entre el poco humo y la mejoría en problemas de salud con los beneficios que les brinda las cocinas mejoradas. La implementación de proyectos sobre estas cocinas debe contemplar la inclusión de temas sobre capacitación y buenas prácticas en salud para que sea un eficiente y participativo proyecto de salud(AU)

Introduction: most of the rural households in Peru have traditional stoves using smoke-producing fuels that cause air pollution with the resulting health effects. The indoor air pollution in rural households is being managed with the implementation of the upgraded stove program. Objectives: to analyze women's perceptions about the use of upgraded stoves and their health benefits. Methods: qualitative research study conducted in five communities of San Jeronimo municipality in Apurimac, Peru in 2009. Twenty active mothers in favor of upgraded stoves were selected. An observational guide, in-depth interviews and focal groups were all used. Results: the physical conditions of dwellings and the practice in handling the upgraded stoves perpetuated the indoor air pollution. The incentives to use this type of stoves were linked to time and firewood saving. They admitted that there was less smoke around and their eye problems, cough and cold had reduced, but they did not include these benefits in the reasons offered to continue using these stoves. Conclusions: the female perceptions are favorable as to the economic advantages, but they perceive in a restricted way the relationship between reduced volumes of smoke and health improvement due to the benefits of the upgraded stoves. Therefore, the implementation of stove upgrading programs should take into account topics on training and good practice in health so that they can turn into efficient participatory health projects(AU)

Comparative analysis of the core competence between the upgraded and the full-time bachelor nurses / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To provide the effective references for reasonable arrangement of nursing post by comparison on the core competence level and characteristics between the upgraded and the fulltime bachelor nurses.Methods Questionnaire survey based on the basic demographic data and the Competency Inventory for Chinese Registered Nurse for 391 clinical nurses from 13 three level of firstclass hospitals.Results The core competence score of the upgraded and the full-time bachelor nurses showed a moderate degree of satisfaction; the full-time bachelor nurses' total scores were higher than those of the upgraded nurses,and there were statistically significant differences among 6 dimensions included critical thinking and scientific research ability; there was no significant difference in clinical nursing dimension.Conclusions The full-time bachelor nurses' core competence is higher than that of the upgraded nurses in general,but no significant difference exists in clinical nursing dimension.

Exploration and practice of adult-upgraded preventive medicine teaching reform in medical colleges / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Combined with the situation of preventive medicine teaching in adults this article discusses the teaching mode of preventive medicine in adult-upgraded education from talent training plan revision,teaching contents and teaching system reform,and practicing teaching mode construction,to meet the demand of development of modern public health.

Development of Upgraded Cortical Impact Model(Part I: Mechanics)

OBJECTIVE: Head trauma model is important and essential to development of new therapeutic modality. We present a upgraded head trauma model for experimental animals. METHODS: Using pneumatic cylinder, solenoid valve, linear variable differential transformer(LVDT) and load cell, we developed "Chung-Ang University Hospital Model 1.0(CAUH-1)" based on controlled cortical impact model. RESULTS: Changing pressure, impact velocity could be controlled up to 4m/sec. Using solenoid valve, we could control dwell time precisely. Real time impact force could be measured with load cell. CONCLUSION: Controlling dwell time, impact velocity, depth of deformation, this model would reproduce variable degrees of head injury. This model is so precise and versatile that it would be useful in diverse animal experimental researches.