ABSTRACT
Existen varios estudios sobre embarazos en adolescentes, factores de riesgo, consecuencias de los embarazos, prevalencias, pero ninguno cuenta con un documento validado para recolectar información pertinente y así poder abordar el problema. Objetivo: Validar un documento donde se pueda recoger datos para mostrar a la comunidad los problemas de salud que los aquejan, dando a expertos en el tema, un instrumento cualitativo con preguntas categorizadas y formuladas para abordar a los grupos de enfoque. Materiales y Métodos: Investigación de tipo mixta cuanti- cualitativa, transversal, descriptiva, de campo, retrospectivo, sobre datos en base RDACCA. Demográficamente se entrevistó a un total de 6 personas, 2 por cada grupo focal. La técnica que utilizada fue la entrevista a profundidad. Creando preguntas para iniciar una conversación normal, se organizaron 3 categorías codificadas, para evitar manipulación de la información, por parte de los participantes o intervinientes. El instrumento fue validado por expertos en el tema hasta conseguir una puntuación de 100 o dentro del rango aceptable. Resultados: La calificación otorgada por expertos obtuvo 95,83 considerando el instrumento como, ´´Muy confiable´´ Conclusión: La validación del instrumento dio como resultado que el instrumento es muy confiable, lo que significa que puede ser aplicado por el investigador para recoger datos que sean relevantes para evaluar la prevalencia y consecuencias de los embarazos en la adolescencia del área de influencia del centro de salud Macuma zona Indígena Shuar(AU)
There are several studies on teenage pregnancy, risk factors, consequences of pregnancy, prevalence, but none has a validated document to collect relevant information to address the problem. Objective: Validate a document where data can be collected to show the community the health problems that afflict them, giving experts on the subject, a qualitative instrument with categorized and formulated questions to address the focus groups. Materials and Methods: Qualitative, cross-sectional, descriptive, descriptive, field, retrospective, mixed quantitative-qualitative research on RDACCA data. Demographically, six people were interviewed, two for each focus group. The technique used was the in-depth interview. By creating questions to initiate a normal conversation, three coded categories were organized to avoid manipulation of the information by the participants. The instrument was validated by experts in the field until a score of 100 or within the acceptable range was achieved. The results: The rating given by the experts was 95.83, considering the instrument as ''Very reliable. Conclusion: The validation of the instrument resulted in the instrument being very reliable, which means that the researcher to collect data that are relevant to assess the prevalence can apply it and consequences of adolescent pregnancy in the area of influence of the Macuma health center in the Shuar indigenous zone(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adolescent , Pregnancy in Adolescence , Risk Factors , Adolescent Health , Poverty , Academic FailureABSTRACT
ABSTRACT In Thai traditional medicine, Pluchea indica (L.) Less., Asteraceae, leaf has been widely used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus, tumors, hypertension, cystitis, and wounds. P. indica herbal tea is commercially available in Thailand as a health-promoting drink. The study was conducted to develop and validate a high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method for the quantitative analysis of chlorogenic acid, 3,4-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid, and 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid in P. indica leaf extract and their commercial products in Thailand. The method was validated according to ICH guidelines. The proposed HPTLC method showed acceptable validation parameters. The content of chlorogenic acid, 3,4-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid, and 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid in P. indica leaves from seven different provinces in Thailand was in the range of not detectable −1.94 ± 0.02%w/w, 0.71 ± 0.01-1.89 ± 0.05%w/w, and 1.00 ± 0.01-2.18 ± 0.03%w/w, respectively, while in the commercial products, it was in the range of 0.59 ± 0.03-2.17 ± 0.05%w/w, 0.53 ± 0.04-3.77 ± 0.03%w/w, and 0.88 ± 0.05-4.72 ± 0.10%w/w, respectively. The results indicated that plantation of P. indica in coastal saline land would be beneficial as it would increase the concentration of its active compounds and improve its medicinal quality. The developed high-performance thin-layer chromatography could be used as a rapid, reliable, less demanding, and cost-effective analytical method.
ABSTRACT
CONTEXT: Indian febrile neutropenia (FN) data are limited, especially in adult solid tumor patients. AIMS: The aim was to study patterns of presentation, source of infection, management and outcome and to evaluate the factors which may correlate with outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of prospective data of FN patients at a tertiary care oncology teaching hospital in India between 2007 and 2012. A standardized form was filled for each patient. Patient management was at the discretion of the treating physician. Multinational Association for Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) score was retrospectively calculated. Failure of therapy was defined as death, organ failure, shifting from outpatient to inpatient or requirement of intensive care support. SPSS version 16 was used for analysis. RESULTS: A total of 388 FN episodes were included: 256 in hematolymphoid and 132 in solid tumor patients. 156 episodes were high‑risk by MASCC score. Focus of infection was clinical in 45% and radiologic in 16%. Blood cultures were positive in 18% cases, most commonly Gram‑negative organisms (72%). 93% patients were treated with an antibiotic combination of third‑generation cephalosporin/beta‑lactamase inhibitor, with aminoglycoside or fluoroquinolone. Antibiotic sensitivity to ceftriaxone was low at 38% while sensitivity to cefoperazone/sulbactam and piperacillin/tazobactam ranged between 50% and 55% and for carbapenems 75%. Failure of therapy occurred in 156 episodes, most commonly due to the need for second line antibiotics. Mortality was 5.5%. On univariate analysis, MASCC score, age, type of malignancy, prophylactic growth factors, presence of focus of infection, hemoglobin and nadir platelet count correlated with FN complications. CONCLUSION: Gram‑negative bacteremia continues to be the predominant cause of FN in our setup.
ABSTRACT
El objetivo de la presente investigación fue adaptar y validar el cuestionarioTrabajo Emocional (TREMO) realizado por Moreno-Jiménez, Gálvez y Garrosa (Moreno-Jimenez et al. 2004) en su versión corta de 20 ítems. Este constructo se relaciona con la carga emocional, la valencia y la variedad de la misma, así como su relación con las características del puesto de trabajo y con aspectos organizacionales como la cultura organizacional. Se aplicó el cuestionario en un grupo de trabajadores de la salud (N = 182) obteniéndose valores de fiabilidad adecuados; se sometió a un análisis factorial y se obtuvo 5 factores que explican el 56.97 por ciento total de la varianza. Los resultados confirman las dimensiones de la escala original. Es importante resaltar que es la primera aproximación al estudio de este constructo en una población trabajadora venezolana.
The objective of this investigation was to adapt and validate the EmotionalLabor (TREMO) questionnaire made by Moreno-Jiménez, Gálvez y Garrosa (Moreno-Jiménez, et al. 2004) in their short version of 20 items. This construct is related to the emotional load, its valence and variety as well as its relation with the characteristics of the job and with organizational aspects such as the organizational culture. The questionnaire was applied to a group of health professionals (N= 182), from which appropriate reliability values were obtained. They were subjected to a factorial analysis, obtaining 5 factors that explain the 56.97 percent of the total variance. The results confirm the dimensions of the original scale. It is important to highlight that this is the first approach to the study of this construct in a workers population in Venezuela.