Correlation between body mass index and elbow vein grading in patients with metabolic syndrome based on superficial vein evaluation / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To analyze the correlation between body mass index (BMI) and the graded expression, subcutaneous depth, and diameter of elbow veins (cephalic vein, median vein, basilic vein) in patients with metabolic syndrome, to provide a method and theoretical basis for precise puncture of peripheral veins in obese patients.Methods:From January to October 2021, a total of 767 patients with metabolic syndrome with gastric volume reduction were selected as the study subjects by retrospective cohort study from the first Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. According to the quartile Q1, M and Q3 of BMI level, they were divided into four groups: group A, group B, group C and group D. The subcutaneous depth and diameter of the cephalic vein, median vein and basilic vein were measured by B-ultrasound, and the three veins were evaluated and graded according to the grading criteria of superficial veins.The correlation between BMI and the subcutaneous depth and diameter of the three elbow veins was analyzed, and collected data such as puncture method and puncture times. Results:There was no significant correlation between BMI and subcutaneous depth and vessel diameter of the basilic vein ( r = 0.041 and 0.046, both P>0.05), the level of BMI was positively correlated with the subcutaneous depth and diameter of cephalic vein ( r = 0.275 and 0.117, both P<0.05) and median vein ( r = 0.236 and 0.148, both P<0.05), and a linear regression relationship was found ( OR values were 1.013-1.031, all P<0.05). 187 cases had direct puncture conditions under direct vision, and the success rate of one puncture was 86.63%(162/187).Venipuncture was completed under the guidance of B-mode ultrasound for 25 cases with failure under direct vision and 580 cases without direct puncture conditions under direct vision, the success rate of one puncture was 98.51% (596/605). Conclusions:With the increase of BMI level in patients with metabolic syndrome, the depth and diameter of both cephalic vein and median vein increase, venous exposure is difficult to express. The visual vein puncture guided by B-ultrasound is more accurate and catheterization is more reliable.

Puncture and Needle Picking Action of Venipuncture Manipulator / 医用生物力学

Objective To propose a new multi-joint series venipuncture system, explore the mechanics and kinematics-based related control problems involved in needle insertion and needle picking during the puncture process, and verify feasibility of this system. Methods A puncture manipulator was built, and needle displacement control algorithm was proposed by combing with the puncture mechanics model. The the forward kinematics was calculated by using DH method, so as to obtain the tip coordinates. Then the inverse kinematics was calculated by using the geometric method. The forward and inverse processes were closely connected. The position error of the end coordinates before and after needle picking was compared by using the method of kinematics positive solution-inverse solution-re-positive solution. Finally, experimental verification and simulation were conducted by combining with the physical object. Results Through simulation and experiments, accuracy of the theoretical model was verified. The needle insertion algorithm could be used to achieve success with only one needle insertion, which provided theoretical basis for the control of robot arm. The position error before and after needle picking could be controlled within 1 mm from the end trajectory. The end needle tip of robot arm was almost kept fixed during the needle picking process. Therefore, this needle picking scheme was feasible and could basically verify that the needle picking action of robot arm met the accuracy and safety requirements. Conclusions The venipuncture manipulator truly simulates the needle insertion and needle picking action during the puncture process, and can safely and accurately realize the needle insertion and needle picking action with needle tip as the fixed point, indicating that it has certain clinical value.

Experimental Study on Puncture Mechanical Properties of Biomimetic Materials / 医用生物力学

Objective To obtain a more suitable puncture method for venipuncture robot through experiments.Methods By using different puncture speeds and angles for biomimetic materials, the force-time curves by various puncture methods were obtained. Results During puncture process, with the increase of the puncture angle, a smaller puncture force was required. The faster puncture speed would lead to a larger puncture force. Conclusions The 40°-45° puncture angleand the 120-300 mm/min puncture speed should be used for designing the puncture method of venipuncture robot. The results provide references for selecting the puncture angle and speed of the venipuncture robot.

Successfully Treated Venipuncture Pain with Jidabokuippou / 日本東洋医学雑誌

Venipuncture pain is rare complication. The underlying pathophysiology of venipuncture pain is incompletely solved and there is no standard treatment. Though most venipuncture pain is accepted as neuropathic pain, some venipuncture pain does not meet neuropathic pain criteria. Case 1 was a woman punctured dorsal vein for blood sampling. She visited pain clinic 9 days after injury because of residual pain and numbness. Case 2 was a woman punctured dorsal vein for intravenous line and radial artery for artery line at the time of operation. She visited pain clinic 16 days after injury because of residual pain. Case 3 was a woman punctured median cutaneous vein for blood sampling. She visited pain clinic 6 days after injury because of residual pain. We thought internal hemorrhage, local pain and tenderness as static blood and prescribed jidabokuippou for all 3 patients. All their pain improved. This report describes 3 cases of venipuncture pain successfully treated with jidabokuippou that shows the excellent analgesic action to nociceptive pain.

Blood donor caring and retention: detail management of plateletpheresis venipuncture / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To strengthen the detail management of plateletpheresis venipuncture so as to reduce repeated puncture and further retain apheresis donors. 【Methods】 1 930 donations, involving 324 donors(including 92 first-time donors), with conventional venipuncture from October 1, 2018 to September 30, 2019 (controls) were compared with 1 873 donations, involving 353 donors(including 101 first-time donors), with optimized venipuncture from October 1, 2019 to September 30, 2020(experiment). The repeated puncture rate of the two groups and that contributed by rotating and fixed phlebotomists, respetively, the profile of donors suffered several repeated puncture and the re-donation rate of first-time apheresis donors were analyzed. 【Results】 The rate of secondary puncture in the experimental group(1.07%, 20/1 873) was lower than that in the control group(3.52%, 68/1 930)(P0.05). Control group fixed blood collection nurses had secondary puncture rate(1.85%, 16/863)lower than rotation blood collection nurses(4.87%, 52/1 067)(P<0.05). Experimental group of the same blood donor observation period occurred 1, 2 and above the rate of secondary puncture [5.10%(18/353)、0.28%(1/353)] were lowerthan the control group [10.19%(33/324)、4.01%(13/324)] (P<0.05). the re-donation rate of first-time platelet donors(67.33%, 68/101)was higher in experimental group than in control group(50.00%, 46/92)(P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 The repeated puncture rate has been significantly decreased by strengthening the detail management of apheresis venepuncture, which promotes, caring for blood donors and conducive to the recruitment and retention of apheresis donors.

Tourniquets used in peripheral venipuncture as a potential vehicle for transmission of microorganisms: scoping review / Torniquetes utilizados en la venopunción periférica como potencial vehículo de transmisión de microorganismos: revisión de alcance

Introduction: The tourniquet used in venipuncture appears as a potential vehicle for the transmission of microorganisms that interferes with safety and the quality of clinical services. Objective: Mapping the scientific evidence on the microbiological contamination of the tourniquets used in peripheral venipuncture. Methodology: Scoping review following the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology. Results: 20 studies have been included, in which of 1477 tourniquets were analyzed. The rates of microbiological contamination varied between 10-100% and 19 studies reported the presence of S. aureus, 11 of them detected methicillin-resistant strains with prevalence between 3.3-58.3%. Conclusion: The contamination rate in the majority of studies was ≥70%, including 4 studies which had sampled ≥100 tourniquets. The evidence of our study is that the tourniquets are reservoirs of potential pathogens and can be transmitted to patient on staff hands. We recommend studies that confirm the reusable tourniquets can be responsible to healthcare associated infections.

Introducción: El torniquete utilizado en la venopunción aparece como potencial vehículo para transmisión de microorganismos que entorpece la seguridad y calidad de los servicios clínicos. Objetivo: Mapear pruebas científicas sobre contaminación microbiológica de los torniquetes utilizados en la venopunción periférica. Metodología: Revisión de acuerdo con la metodología del Instituto Joanna Briggs. Resultados: Se han incluido 20 estudios, en los que se analizó un total de 1477 torniquetes. Las tasas de contaminación microbiológica variaron entre 10-100% y 19 estudios informaron la presencia de S. aureus, 11 detectaron cepas resistentes a meticilina con prevalencia entre 3.3-58.3%. Conclusión: La tasa de contaminación en mayoría de los estudios fue ≥70%, 4 estudios que habían muestreado ≥100 torniquetes. Nuestro estudio evidencia que los torniquetes son reservorios de patógenos y pueden transmitirse al paciente en manos del personal. Recomendamos estudios que confirmen que los torniquetes pueden ser responsables de las infecciones asociadas a la atención médica.

Descripción anatómica del arco venoso dorsal de la mano en una muestra de población de Bucaramanga, Colombia / Anatomical description of the dorsal venous arch of the hand in a population sample of Bucaramanga, Colombia

Se estudió el arco venoso dorsal de la mano (AVD) en una muestra de la población de Bucaramanga en 54 mujeres y 50 hombres. Las variables estudiadas en el AVD fueron: número de venas que lo forman, número de venas que recorren su interior, presencia de una vena que forme su parte lateral y medial, conformación cerrada o discontinua del AVD, si la vena metacarpiana del primer dedo se unía al AVD y contribuía a la formación de la vena cefálica, si la vena metacarpiana del quinto dedo se unía al AVD y contribuía a la formación de la vena basílica. También se revisó la concordancia entre la vena que escogían dos observadores independientes, como la más adecuada para venopunción. La comparación con los textos clásicos de anatomía evidenció concordancia en que cerca de la cabeza de los metacarpianos se forman venas metacarpianas dorsales, pero, no siempre estas venas se unen de forma completa para formar un "arco venoso cerrado" como lo describen los esquemas de la mayoría de los autores. Sólo un 41,8 % fueron AVD cerrados. Las venas metacarpianas del primer y del quinto dedo se unieron al AVD en un 44,23 % y un 89,42 % respectivamente. Este dato, sumado al hecho de que en el primer y quinto dedos pueden existir más de una vena que drene su sangre, las cuales no siempre se unen al AVD, ayudan a explicar la razón de porqué en otros estudios se describe ausencia de venas cefálica o basílica o presencia de varias venas cefálicas que permiten la formación de ciertos patrones de la fosa cubital. Se encontró concordancia del 78,85 % en cuanto a la vena escogida para posible venopunción y en el análisis bivariado, hubo asociación estadística de esta concordancia al cruzarla con el número de venas que recorren el interior del AVD.

The dorsal venous arch of the hand (AVD) was studied in a sample of the Bucaramanga population of 54 women and 50 men. The variables studied in the AVD were: Number of veins that form it, number of veins that run through its interior, presence of a vein that forms its lateral and medial part, closed or discontinuous conformation of the AVD, if the metacarpal vein of the first finger joined the AVD and contributed to the formation of the cephalic vein, if the metacarpal vein of the fifth finger joined the ADL and contributed to the formation of the basilic vein. The concordance between the vein chosen by two independent observers was also reviewed, as the most suitable for venipuncture. The comparison with the classic anatomy texts showed concordance in which dorsal metacarpal veins are formed near the metacarpal head, but these veins do not always unite completely to form a "closed venous arch" as described in metacarpal diagrams by most authors. Only 41.8 % were closed AVD. The metacarpal veins of the first and fifth toes joined the AVD in 44.23 % and 89.42 % respectively. This fact, in addition that in the first and fifth fingers, there may be more than one vein draining the blood, which do not always bind to the AVD, helps explain the reason other studies describe absence of cephalic veins, basilica or presence of several cephalic veins that allow the formation of certain patterns of the cubital fossa. There was 78.85 % agreement regarding the vein chosen for possible venipuncture and in the bivariate analysis, there was a statistical association of this concordance when crossing it with the number of veins that run through the interior of the AVD.

The Effect of Developmental Supportive Positioning on Pain from Venipuncture in Preterm Neonates Admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

@#Introduction: One non-pharmacological method of pain relief is the application of developmental supportive positioning which is a useful method for achieving this goal. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of developmental supportive positioning on the pain from venipuncture in preterm neonates admitted to the NICU. Methods: In this clinical trial, 54 preterm neonates admitted to the NICU were divided into control and intervention groups using the randomized block method. The neonates in the intervention group were put into developmental supportive positioning for 20 minutes, and then venipuncture was performed in both groups. Changes in the neonates’ facial expressions as well as neonatal physiological parameters including heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood oxygen saturation were collected at three time points: immediately after needle insertion, two minutes and five minutes after needle removal. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS 21 software. Results: The results showed a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of facial expression changes, heart rate and neonatal blood oxygen saturation at two and five minutes after needle removal in the intervention and control groups (P <0.05). The comparison of the mean respiratory rate of the neonates at two and five minutes after needle removal showed no significant difference between the intervention and control groups (P >0.05). Conclusion: It seems that developmental supportive positioning of preterm neonates has a positive effect on the relief of the pain caused by venipuncture. Considering the importance of pain control in preterm neonates, it is recommended to use this method when doing venipuncture.

An Observational Study Of Pattern Of Superficial Cubital Veins Among Students Of Rama University

Background: Cubital fossa is a superficial depression on the anterior aspect of elbow. Superficial veins of cubitalregion are the most commonly used veins clinically for the purpose of venipuncture done for blood sampling,blood transfusion , blood donation & intravenous injections . The different pattern of superficial cubital veinsis studied by many researchers over the time. The variations are reported in different ethnic groups and races bymany such studies.Objective: The aim of the current study was to observe and describe the different patterns of arrangement ofsuperficial veins among male students of Rama University and to find the most common pattern among studentsand to correlate the data with other such studies especially on Indian population.Results: One hundred and ninety eight male students of medical and paramedical streams of Rama University of2017 and 2018 batch were observed for pattern of superficial cubital veins.Ten types of venous pattern arrangedin six groups were noted. The most common pattern observed in our study was type A .Conclusion: The most common type of pattern observed in our study was type A resembling alphabet M ,which isdifferent from the results deduced by other such studies on indian population. The knowledge about the commonlyfound pattern will be helpful to the clinicians and also to the paramedical staff especially under emergencycircumstances where time is limited and crucial

Application of peer-assisted learning mode in the training of venipuncture / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To investigate the application effect of the method based on peer-assisted learning (PAL) in venipuncture training.Methods A total of 120 new nurses who worked in Department of Neurology from May 2016 to January 2018 were enrolled and randomly divided into PAL group and control group.The nurses in the PAL group received venipuncture training with the PAL teaching mode,and those in the control group received venipuncture training with the conventional method.Practical operation ability was assessed after one month of training,including the ability to perform venipuncture,communication ability,humanistic care ability,and patient's degree of satisfaction,and a questionnaire survey was conducted to evaluate teaching methods and teaching effect.SPSS 20.0 was used for statistical analysis.Results There were significant differences between the PAL group and the control group in the scores of the ability to perform venipuncture (64.9 ± 3.7 vs 62.8 ± 4.7),communication ability (8.6 ± 1.3 vs 8.0 ± 1.4),humanistic care ability (8.8 ± 1.2 vs 8.2 ± 1.1),and patient's degree of satisfaction (8.8 ± 1.2 vs 8.3 ± 1.2).The questionnaire survey showed that the new nurses were more satisfied with the PAL training method,and the PAL group had significantly better learning efficiency,learning enthusiasm,and problemsolving ability than the control group (P＜0.05).Conclusion The PAL teaching method can improve the practical operation ability of new nurses and help to improve training efficiency and quality,and therefore,it can be used as an important teaching method for venipuncture training for new nurses.

Application of assistive technology in the field of vein puncture in the treatment of wounds / 实用医学杂志

Objective To investigate the vein puncture assistive technology in the field of insufficient light conditions of auxiliary medical service staff quickly establish vein channel,improve the rescue efficiency and ensure the operational safety of application.Methods The night field training field,simulation of dark light intravenous therapy environment,select a project in Beijing City Corps training forces 429 soldiers as the research object,randomly divided into control group 214 cases,the use of military flashlight for intravenous infusion,215 cases in the observation group using the vein puncture assisted infusion,two group,the establishment of a single one-time successful puncture vein passage time and the incidence of adverse reactions.Results The simulation experiment in the observation group and the control group disposable puncture success rate were 95.8％,75.7％,the average puncture time was (66.38 ± 11.34)s,(89.94 ± 12.38) s,the incidence of adverse reaction were 3.88％,10.49％ The differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Venipuncture assistive technology can improve the light environment,the success rate of vein puncture and strong practicability,high safety,wound treatment is suitable for various environments,fill the blank of vein puncture without light conditions,is of great significance to the security of military force.

Double blind randomized control trial to evaluate the efficacy of ketoprofen patch to attenuate pain during venous cannulation

BACKGROUND: Venipuncture pain is an uncomfortable suffering to the patient. It creates anxiety, fear and dissatisfaction. The ketoprofen transdermal patch is a proven treatment for musculoskeletal and arthritic pain. We planned this study to evaluate the efficacy of the ketoprofen patch to reduce venipuncture pain. METHODS: Two hundred adult patients, aged 18–60 years, of either sex, ASA grade I or II, were enrolled. Presuming that therapy would decrease venipuncture pain by 30%, a power calculation with α = 0.05 and β = 0.80 required enrollment of at least 24 patients into each group. However, 100 patients in each group were recruited. Group I (Control) received a placebo patch; Group II (Ketoprofen) received a 20 mg ketoprofen patch. A selected vein on the dorsum of the patient's non-dominant hand was cannulated with 18 g intravenous cannula 1 h after the application of the respective patch. Assessment of pain was done by a 10 cm visual analogue scale (VAS) of 0–10, where 0 depicts “no pain” and 10 is “the worst imaginable pain”. The venipuncture site was assessed for the presence of skin erythema, swelling and rashes at 12 h, 24 h and at the time of decannulation. RESULTS: Incidence of pain was 100% (94/94) in the control group as compared to 93% (85/91) in the ketoprofen group. The severity of the venipuncture pain was 6 (2) and 2 (2) for control and ketoprofen groups respectively (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Application of a ketoprofen patch at the proposed site of venipuncture one hour before the attempt is effective and safe for attenuating venipuncture pain.

Sudden unexpected cardio-respiratory arrest after venipuncture in children / 소아과

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the clinical and socioenvironmental characteristics of sudden cardiorespiratory arrest after venipuncture in children. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective email-based survey of all members of the Korean Pediatric Society. The questionnaire included items on patient demographics, socioenvironmental circumstances of the venipuncture, type of cardiorespiratory arrest, symptoms and signs, treatment, prognosis, and presumed cause of the arrest. RESULTS: Fourteen patients were identified. Of these, 13 were young children (< 2 years old), and 1 was 14 years old. All patients had been previously healthy and had no specific risk factors for sudden cardiorespiratory arrest. Most cases (n=11, 79%) were defined as cardiac or cardiorespiratory arrest, while the remaining cases (n=3, 21%) were defined as respiratory arrest. Aspiration (n=3), acute myocarditis (n=2), and laryngeal chemoreflex (n=1) were presumed as the causes; however, the exact causes were unclear. The overall prognosis was poor (death, n=7; morbidity, n=5; full recovery, n=2). The medical institutions faced severe backlash because of these incidents (out-of-court settlement, n=5; medical lawsuit, n=5; continuous harassment, n=3). CONCLUSION: Cardiorespiratory arrest after venipuncture is unpredictable and the probable cause of most cases is a vasovagal reaction. Medical personnel must be aware of the risk of unexpected cardiorespiratory arrest during routine intravenous procedures.

Implementación de un sistema de imagenología infrarroja para la detección vascular del antebrazo y mano / Implementation of an infrared imaging system for vascular detection in the forearm and hand

RESUMEN: En el área clínica son procedimientos comunes la venopunción, la colocación de catéteres, inyecciones intravenosas, etc. La visualización de las venas en algunas personas es compleja. En este trabajo se presenta el desarrollo de un sistema capaz de realzar la distribución de las venas en el antebrazo de una persona para, en un trabajo futuro, ayudar de forma no invasiva a localizar las venas en los procedimientos de venopunción. Para llevar a cabo el desempeño de esta tarea se utilizó una cámara web, a la cual se le ha extraído el filtro que impide el paso de luz infrarroja y es sustituido por otro que lo permite. Para mejorar la detección de las venas se le agregó a la cámara un arreglo de LEDs emisores de luz infrarroja (830nm). Las imágenes obtenidas fueron procesadas mediante la ecualización del histograma adaptable y clasificadas por dos métodos, el primero basado en el algoritmo Fuzzy C-Means, el segundo basado en un modelo probabilístico de tipo Bayes, técnicas del área de inteligencia artificial, presentadas como alternativa en el procesamiento de imágenes. Para la obtención de las imágenes se consideraron las regiones anteriores y exteriores del antebrazo izquierdo y derecho de cada sujeto generando una base de datos. Este sistema también tiene aplicación en la detección de venas varicosas debido a que se puede dar un seguimiento a la dilatación de las venas.

ABSTRACT: The venipuncture, the catheterization and intravenous (IV) injections are some of the common procedures in the clinical practice. The location of the veins may be complex in some patients. In this paper a system able to enhance the vein distribution in a patient's forearm in order to help, in future works, to locate the veins in a non-invasive way and accomplish the IV procedures, is described. To carry out this work a web cam was used, the filter that blocks out the infrared light has been removed and replaced for one who does not. To increase the vein detection an array of infrared LEDs (830 nm) was attached. The resulting images were processed using the adaptive histogram equalization and then classified by two methods, the first one based on the Fuzzy C-Means Algorithm, and the second based in a Bayesian probabilistic model. For the image acquisition, the anterior-exterior regions of the left and right forearm of each subject were considered to generate a data base. This system also has relevance in the detection of varicose veins since is able to monitor the vein dilatation.

A exploration about the clinical significance and value of vascular visualization technique in peripheral vein puncture / 中国医学装备

In daily care operation, it is difficult to assess the vein of patients due to various objective factors, therefore, the routine method often leaded to puncture failure or repeated puncture. Through summarized the causes and hazards of venous puncture failure, and analyzed the basic structure and working principle of the projection infrared blood vessel imager of vivo series, to explore the clinical value of vascular visualization technique in peripheral vein puncture. A series of advantages of projection infrared blood vessel imager included small, lightweight, removable, the clearly visible vein on projection and so on could be used, and under its guidance, the success rate of peripheral venous puncture in patients was enhanced and the difficulty of puncture was reduced. Besides, the difficult problem that paramedics couldn''''t easily find vessel in the puncture was resolved. Therefore, it may replace the traditional puncture plan which depended on naked eye, and may guide a reform in the field of medical care.

A exploration about the clinical significance and value of vascular visualization technique in peripheral vein puncture / 中国医学装备

In daily care operation, it is difficult to assess the vein of patients due to various objective factors, therefore, the routine method often leaded to puncture failure or repeated puncture. Through summarized the causes and hazards of venous puncture failure, and analyzed the basic structure and working principle of the projection infrared blood vessel imager of vivo series, to explore the clinical value of vascular visualization technique in peripheral vein puncture. A series of advantages of projection infrared blood vessel imager included small, lightweight, removable, the clearly visible vein on projection and so on could be used, and under its guidance, the success rate of peripheral venous puncture in patients was enhanced and the difficulty of puncture was reduced. Besides, the difficult problem that paramedics couldn''''t easily find vessel in the puncture was resolved. Therefore, it may replace the traditional puncture plan which depended on naked eye, and may guide a reform in the field of medical care.

Effect of Tourniquet Modified Strapping on Venipuncture in Tumor Patients / 现代医院

Objective To investigate the effect of tourniquet modified strapping on venipuncture in tumor patients.Methods 120 tumor patients whose veins were exposed hard in radiotherapy department from October 2016 to March 2017, randomly divided into the control group and the observation group equally.The control group was treated with the traditional single strapping tourniquet to have venipuncture and the observation group with tourniquet modified strapping.Results The venous filling degree, the success rate of first puncture, and the satisfaction of the patients in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion The use of tourniquet modified strapping in tumor patients whose veins were exposed hard can significantly improve the venous filling degree, the success rate of puncture, the satisfaction of patients and the quality of nursing service, and thus it is worthy of clinical promotion.

Clinical analysis of peripherally inserted central catheters guided by B-ultrasound / 局解手术学杂志

Objective To analyze and summarize the clinical effect of peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC) guided by B-ultrasound,and to discuss the catheterization skills of PICC guided by B ultrasound.Methods Retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 102 patients recieved PICC guided by ultrasound in neurosurgery department of Chongqing emergency medical center from January 2016 to May 2017.The success rate of one-time puncture, the success rate of one-time catheter delivery and the number of complications were analyzed, and the causes and treatment methods of complications were analyzed.Results Of the 102 cases,94 cases were successfully punctured in one time,6 cases were punctured twice,and 2 cases were punctured more than 2 times.The one-time puncture success rate was 92.16%.Catheter misplacement occurred in 5 patients,and postoperative complications occurred in 2 patients.Conclusion Mastering the related angiotomy and imaging knowledge of PICC and using the B-ultrasound guidance system to insert the catheter can improve the success rate of catheterization and reduce the postoperative complications.

Radius measurement and depth correction of veins in upper extremity venous ultrasound image / 军事医学

Objective To calculate and measure the depth and radius of the target vessel in the upper limb venous ultrasound image in order to contribute to automatic venipuncture.Methods Two methods of measuring the radius of veins in an ultrasonic vein cross section image were adopted.One method was to segment the vein based on the threshold selected after evaluation, and then scan the upper and lower edges of the vein to obtain the radius.The other method was based on Otsu method,which was to divide the vein and then morphologically process the binary image.The radius was calculated in a manner similar to the first method.After the radius was obtained, the depth of the vein was corrected in conjunction with the radius.Results The above two methods were tested on 500 upper limb venous ultrasound images.The accuracy rate of the first method was 93.0%, and that of the second method was 99.4%.Conclusion The method based on Otsu and morphological processing is more effective for radius measurement of veins in upper limb venous ultrasound image.

Application value of fluorescent intravenous indwelling catheter in dogs under different brightness conditions / 中国比较医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of venipuncture using the fluorescent intravenous indwelling catheter in dark environment in dog experiments. Methods Six dogs were randomly divided into three groups of two dogs each, and each dog was subjected to 40 times of venipuncture performed on a foreleg with normal intravenous indwelling catheter and fluorescent intravenous indwelling catheter, respectively, under high(101 -105 lux), moderate (10.2-100 lux)or low(5 -10 lux)brightness conditions. The success rates and time consumption of those two procedures were analyzed and compared statistically. Results The success rate and time consumption for venipuncture using fluorescent and normal intravenous indwelling catheter under low brightness were 82.5% and(204.36 ± 13.13)s vs. 40.0% and(249.35 ± 17.98)s, those performed under moderate(simulating morning and dawn)brightness were 90.0% and(194.86 ± 8.60)s vs. 67.5% and(206.37 ± 9.70)s, all showed a significantly higher efficiency of the venipuncture using fluorescent intravenous indwelling catheter(P < 0.05). Conclusions The use of fluorescent intravenous indwelling catheter has the advantages of higher success rate and shorter time consumption for venipuncture under low and moderate brightness conditions.