ABSTRACT
Background: Induction of anaesthesia is accompanied byintravaneous sodium pentothal or inhalation of an appropriatemixture of Halothane, Nitrous oxide and oxygen.Aims and Objectives: 1) To study the vital capacity singlebreath induction using Halothane, Nitrous oxide and OxygenMixture. 2) To compare the efficiency and acceptance of abovemethod with i/v Sodium Pentothal induction.3) To access anycomplication arising from above technique.Methods: Patients were randomly divided in two equal of 25each belonging to ASA grade 1.Group A: Patient was given intravenous sodium Pentothal withan intravenous drip of 5% dextrose solution.Group B: Patients were given a mixture of 4% Halothane in66%N2o and 33% oxygen by using mapleson. A breathingsystem (Vital Capacity Breath)Results: It has been observed that there was no clinicallysignificant fluctuation in pulse rate and arterial pressure at anytime during induction. 1) No patient developed arrhythmiaduring induction in thiopentone group while one patient inhalothane group developed transient ventricular ectopic 1minute after starting the induction. 2) Except one patient whohad coughing during induction with thiopentone, induction wassmooth in all. Nausea and vomiting were more withthiopentone group as compared to halothane group. 3) The
ABSTRACT
Inhalation induction of anesthesia is seldom used in a routine adult practice because of the long induction time and the prolonged excitement phase with the risk of laryngospasm and vomiting. So in modern practice, anesthesia is usually administered intravenously and produces unconsclousness pleasantly. However there are situaions where intravenous induction may not be ideal, and where rapid induction is still desired. The author wanted to evaluate the clinical application of inhalation induction of halothane using a vital capacity breath as a substitute for intravenous induction of anesthesia. The patients in this study had an ASA physical status of l or ll and presented no cardiopulmonary disease or abnormal laboratory data. The patients were divided into two group: a control group(n=30) and an experimental group(n=30). Control group: Intravenous induction with thiopental sodium. Experimental group: Inhalation induction with halothane using a vital capacity breath. The results are as follows: 1) The control group consisted of 14 males and 16 females. The mean age was 37.8+/-11.5years, and the ages ranged from 16 to 65 years. The mean body weight was 59.8+/-8.0kg, and body weights ranged from 44 to 75kg. in the experimental group, there were 17 males and 13 females. The mean age was 28.9+/-13.7 years, and the ages ranged from 18 to 65 years. The mean body weight was 57.4+/-8.1 kg, and body weight ranged from 43+/-75kg. 2) In the experimental group, the apnea time ranged from 20 to 105 sec, with a mean of 44.5+/-20.4 sec. The mean induction time was 76.7+/-32.1sec. and induction time ranged from 20 to 150 sec. There was no relationship between apnea time and induction time. 3) The hemodynamic changes were as follows: a. There were significantly greater changes in blood pressure and pulse rate during intubation and postintubation in the control group than in the experimental group(p<0.05). b. There were significant changes in blood pressure and pulse rate in the control group(p<0.05), but seemed not to be hazardous clinically. 4) Induction was impossible in two patients in the experimental group due to profuse secretion or excitement. 5) The side effects in the experimental group included coughs(5 cases), arrythmias(4), excitements(4) and secretion(1), respectively. 6) Postanesthetic comments in the experimental group:27 of the 28 patients remembered the anesthetic smells: 3 pleasantly, 20 moderately and 4 unpleasantly. In conclusion, inhalation induction of halothane using a vital capacity breath is a safe, acceptable and practical alternative to intravenous induction in cooperative adult patients.