ABSTRACT
Nourishing kidney-yin (NKY) granules and warming kidney-yang (WKY) granules represent one of the prescriptions that prescribed in treating primary osteoporosis (POP) in light of tonifying kidney and nourishing essence principle as well as the theory of "treating both the disease and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome".Both granules were created through the systematic analysis of clinic prescriptions by Professor Shi Qi.Consequently clinical investigations have well established that NKY granules significant improved bone mineral density (BMD) as well as relieved the kidney-yin deficiency syndromes in POP patients.Meanwhile,WKY granules relieve kidney-yang deficiency syndrome and the quality of life (QOL).What is more,pharmacological study established the application of common cnidium fruit,and fructus ligustri lucidi alleviated bone loss in OVX-induced mice.In addition,investigation with effective components identified that both NKY and WKY granules play systematic pharmacological effects on bone remodeling by regulating the expression of BMP/Smad,Wnt/β-catenin,RANKL/RANK/OPG axis,and Notch.The drug discovery was performed by the lead of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory.It is one successful transformation investigation based on pharmacological effects,clinical intervention,animal model,cell culture and molecular investigation.