Working Mothers’ Knowledge of Exclusive Breastfeeding in Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz (HCTM) / Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia

@#Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is very crucial for the health of infant as well as mother. However, the prevalence ofexclusive breastfeeding is very low especially among working mother. Since the prevalence of EBF might be influenced bythe level of knowledge on EBF, researcher comes to critical thinking to conduct this study to evaluate level of knowledgeon EBF among working mother. A cross sectional design study was carried out to determine knowledge level on exclusivebreastfeeding among working mother, and its relationship with demographic data in Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz(HCTM). A total 283 respondents were recruited to participate in this study. The respondents’ knowledge level on exclusivebreastfeeding was identified using Kim & Chapman (2013) Questionnaire on Knowledge and Practice about ExclusiveBreastfeeding. The result showed that majority of the respondents (56.9%) had high knowledge on exclusive breastfeeding.For demographic data, factors such as age, level of education, and family income had shown a significant association (p< 0.05) with level of knowledge on exclusive breastfeeding. In conclusion, the level of knowledge of EBF was identifiedamong working mother, yet it has been influenced by mother’s sociodemographic background.

A Phenomenological Study on the Experiences of Parenting Burden of Working Mother with Young Children in Korea

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to describe the essential structure of the lived experience of working mothers' parenting burden in Korea. METHODS: Eight working mothers with young children were interviewed. The Colaizzi analysis of phenomenological research was applied. RESULTS: Seven theme clusters were extracted: a life with constant conflict, sense of guilt, feeling anxious because of lack of information about education for their children, social stigma as a deficient mother, family relationship becoming distant, a life being exhausted, day to day struggle. CONCLUSION: These results provide an opportunity to have a better understanding of the experiences of working mothers related to parenting their young children. It would also serve as a medium for the formulation of appropriate nursing intervention relevant to burdens of parenthood.

Responses to illness among the children of working mothers and their needs / 日本プライマリ・ケア連合学会誌

<b>Purpose</b><br> The purpose of this study was to elucidate the responses and support needs of working mothers whose children are ill.<br><b>Method</b><br> A questionnaire was administered to mothers with children registered at nurseries and after-school childcare facilities in Hyogo prefecture.<br><b>Result</b><br> Altogether, 1,804 valid responses were used for analysis. Most respondents took leave from work to attend to their sick children, but they faced difficulties such as lack of understanding at the workplace, loss of income, and the need to find a substitute worker. When they did not take leave, they encountered difficulty in finding baby sitters. Under such circumstances, the respondents wished to have a childcare facility that would accept children with symptoms such as a runny nose, a cough or a temperature of 38.0±0.4°C. They asked their parents to care for their sick children whenever possible, and they regarded the cost and the distance from home as important facets of care giving.<br><b>Conclusion</b><br> It would be desirable to develop childcare facilities for sick and recuperating children in regular nurseries and in the after-school childcare facilities that the children normally attend. This would minimize disruption of the lifestyle patterns of both mothers and children, and would facilitate the recuperation of the children.

Childhood Obesity and Familial Environmental Factor according to the Developmental Stages: the Korea NHANES Study

BACKGROUND: To investigate the association between childhood obesity and its risk factors according to specific childhood developmental stages. METHODS: We performed an analysis of data for 1922 children and adolescents aged 2 to 18 years obtained from the Third Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted in 2005. Weight and height were measured by trained interviewers. Childhood obesity was defined as BMI > or =95th percentile of the BMI cut-off point based on the Korean child growth curve. Data on socioeconomic characteristics such as age, education, occupation, income, physical activity and time spent watching television were collected using a well-established questionnaire and/or interview. RESULTS: The prevalence of obesity defined by using the Korean child growth curve was 4.1% in children aged 2 to 6, 6.3% in children aged 7 to 12, and 8.7% in adolescents aged 13 to 18. In the multiple logistic regression model, parental obesity, and time spent watching television were associated with increased risk of obesity in children aged 2~6. Parental obesity, family income level, birth weight, and time spent watching television were positively associated with obesity in children aged 7~12. In adolescents aged 13~18, participation in vigorous physical activity and attempts to control weight were associated with adolescent obesity. CONCLUSION: The prevalence and risk factors of childhood obesity vary substantially according to developmental stage. Differential approaches are needed for effective control of childhood obesity.

Child Rearing Practice of Working Mothers in a Poor Area of Pusan / 예방의학회지

To identify the problems in child rearing practice of employed mothers in urban poor area, all of 201 women with children under 6 years old living in Yun San 3 Dong, a poor area of Pusan city, were interviewed with a questionnaire by a trained interviewer from 10th April to 10th May 1989. Among 201 women, 51 women were employed and 150 women were unemployed. Of the employed mothers 78.5% got their jobs because of economical need and 31.4% of them worker for 60-69 hours per week. Their average monthly income was 100,000-190,000 Won in 33.4% and 200,000-290,000 Won in 25.4%. Breast milk was fed in 66.0% of the children of unemployed mothers while 49.0 of the children of the employed mothers were breast-fed (p<0.05). The most common reason for not breast feeding was shortage of breast milk among unemployed mothers (58.9%) but that of the employed mothers was their job(63.6%). The basic immunization for children was completed in 70.5% of children of employed mothers as compared with 82.0% of the children of the unemployed mothers were completely immunized (p<0.1). Accident experience rate of children among the employed mothers was 23.5% and that of the children of the unemployed mothers was 17.3%. The most common cause of accident in children of the unemployed mothers was carelessness while they were playing(34.6%) but in children of the employed mothers it was traffic accident(25.0%) and falling(25.0%). Most of the traffic accidents took place while the children's brother or sister of age under 14 years were baby sitting. When the accident took place 73.1% of the unemployed mothers were just at home, but 58.3% of the employed mothers were out of home for work. In case of the employed mothers, 58.7% of their children were looked after by an adult mainly grandparents, 15,7% by the children's brothers and sisters under 14 years old, and 3.9% of the children were left alone. A majority of the unemployed mothers wanted to get a job if someone could take care of their children. To facilitate the women employment and for the safety and health of the children, good nurseries for working mothers need to be established at a cost they can afford.