ABSTRACT
The use of eco-friendly natural products is one of the major areas of research that has anticoccidial properties.This investigation aims to identify and evaluate the bioactive constituents of the Indigofera oblongifolialeaf extract (IOLE), as an antimalarial. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to determine any significant information about the functional groups, as well as assays for total phenolics, tannins, total flavonoids, DPPH, ABTS tests, XRD, and UV-VIS Spectroscopic analysis. The results of FTIR analysis of the extract showed the presence of 5 phytochemical compounds. Moreover, the quantitative analysis revealed that the concentrations of phenols, tannins, and flavonoids were, 219.106±1.0792, 89.438±0.1599, and 19±0.1500 (mg TAE/g DW), respectively. The results obtained indicate that these extracts have a high level of antioxidant activity and the scavenging activity of DPPH radicals. The UV-VIS showed varying absorbances between 300 and 800 nm. The IOLE proved effective against Plasmodium berghei in mice.
El uso de productos naturales respetuosos con el medio ambiente es una de las principales áreas de investigación que poseen propiedades anticoccidianas. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo identificar y evaluar los constituyentes bioactivos del extracto de hojas de Indigofera oblongifolia (IOLE) como antimalárico. Se utilizó espectroscopía infrarroja por transformada de Fourier (FTIR) para determinar información significativa sobre los grupos funcionales, así como ensayos para fenoles totales, taninos, flavonoides totales, pruebas de DPPH y ABTS, análisis de DRX y espectroscópico UV-VIS. Los resultados del análisis FTIR del extracto mostraron la presencia de 5 compuestos fitoquímicos. Además, el análisis cuantitativo reveló que las concentraciones de fenoles, taninos y flavonoides fueron de 219.106±1.0792, 89.438±0.1599 y 19±0.1500 (mg TAE/g DW), respectivamente. Los resultados obtenidos indican que estos extractos tienen un alto nivel de actividad antioxidante y actividad de eliminación de radicales DPPH. El UV-VIS mostró absorciones variables entre 300 y 800 nm. El IOLE demostró ser eficaz contra Plasmodium berghei en ratones.
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Antimalarials/pharmacology , Saudi Arabia , Indigofera/chemistry , Phytochemicals/chemistry , Medicine, TraditionalABSTRACT
Introducción: La hipotonía congénita, afección rara que engloba trastornos neuromusculares diversos, puede tener origen genético, como la distrofia neuroaxonal infantil (INAD), trastorno neurodegenerativo ultrararo de prevalencia desconocida. Objetivo: Utilizar técnicas genómicas para diagnóstico de precisión de enfermedades neuromusculares con baja prevalencia. Métodos: Reporte de caso de lactante, sin antecedentes familiares de enfermedades genéticas, embarazo normal, hipotonía al nacimiento, retroceso en neurodesarrollo, nistagmus, estrabismo y atrofia cerebelosa. Ante sospecha de enfermedad de herencia autosómica recesiva vs de novo se solicitó estudio genético secuenciación mediante NGS (Secuenciación de Nueva Generación) + CNV (Variantes Número de Copias) para genes relacionados con hipotonía congénita (1,621 genes). Resultados: Se identificaron 2 variantes heterocigotas (doble heterocigotoheterocigoto compuesto para el gen PLA2G6), la primera variante clasificación probablemente patogénica, duplicación de 5 nucleobases entre las posiciones 1,914 del ADNc, en exón 14 del gen. La segunda variante clasificación patogénica, cambio de una guanina por una adenina en posición 2,081 del ADNc, en exón 15 del gen. Variantes en este gen se asocian con 3 condiciones médicas de herencia autosómica recesiva: Distrofia neuroaxonal infantil 1, Neurodegeneración con acumulación de hierro cerebral 2B, Enfermedad de Parkinson 14. Discusión y Conslusión: La hipotonía congénita, vinculada a trastornos como la INAD, con manifestaciones antes de los 3 años de edad con sintomatología neurológica, mortalidad en la primera década y múltiples complicaciones. Las tecnologías genómicas, incluyendo fenotipado reverso, son fundamentales para entender su base genética, heterogeneidad fenotípica, guiar a un tratamiento dirigido, pronóstico, seguimiento, consejería genética y riesgo de heredabilidad, acercándonos a la medicina anticipatoria, preventiva y de precisión especialmente en condiciones ultrararas. (provisto por Infomedic International)
Introduction: congenital hypotonia, a rare condition that encompasses various neuromuscular disorders, can have a genetic origin, such as infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (inad), an ultra-rare neurodegenerative disorder of unknown prevalence. Objective: to utilize genomic techniques for the precision diagnosis of low-prevalence neuromuscular diseases. Materials and methods: case report of an infant, without a family history of genetic diseases, normal pregnancy, hypotonia at birth, neurodevelopmental regression, nystagmus, strabismus, and cerebellar atrophy. Due to the suspicion of an autosomal recessive vs de novo inherited disease, genetic sequencing studies using ngs (next-generation sequencing) + cnv (copy number variations) were requested for genes related to congenital hypotonia (1,621 genes). Results: two heterozygous variants were identified (compound heterozygote for the pla2g6 gene), the first variant classified as probably pathogenic, a duplication of 5 nucleobases at position 1,914 of the cdna, in exon 14 of the gene. The second variant, classified as pathogenic, involves a change from guanine to adenine at position 2,081 of the cdna, in exon 15 of the gene. Variants in this gene are associated with three autosomal recessive medical conditions: infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy 1, neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation 2b, and parkinsons disease 14. Discussion and conclusion: congenital hypotonia, linked to disorders such as inad, is difficult to diagnose conventionally. Deleterious variants in the pla2g6 gene, located on chromosome 22, are associated with three autosomal recessive hereditary conditions, including inad, with manifestations before 3 years of age, neurological symptoms, mortality within the first decade, and multiple complications. Genomic technologies, including reverse phenotyping, are fundamental in understanding its genetic basis, phenotypic heterogeneity, guiding targeted treatment, prognosis, follow-up, genetic counseling, and heritability risk, bringing us closer to anticipatory, preventive, and precision medicine, especially in ultra-rare conditions. (provided by Infomedic International)
ABSTRACT
In Côte d'Ivoire, recurring stock shortages and difficulties in accessing specialized food products compromise nutritional treatment. This study proposes food formulas of flours composed of locally available products capable of meeting the protein-energy needs of children aged 6 to 59 months diagnosed with moderate acute malnutrition. The methodological approach consists of formulating and determining the physicochemical, nutrient, and functional characteristics of four new formulations (1F, 2F, 3F, 4F, and 5F). The results indicate that the formulated foods have high levels of calcium (215.60-252,29 mg/100g MS), potassium (555,70-789,29 mg/100 g MS), magnesium (261,26-200,63 mg/100g MS), iron (4,86-7,03 mg/100g MS) and phosphorus (392,36 -469,36 mg/100g MS). The fat content varies from 9.66% to 23.86%. The energy value determined for all flours corresponds well to the Codex. The food formulas developed would also be able to meet more than 100% of the daily requirement of vitamins E and B1. The phytate (180.26 - 227.05 mg/100 g) and oxalate (66.00 - 88.00 mg/100 g) contents are low. The presence of phenolic compounds, including flavonoids (7.78-15.44 mg/100 g) and antioxidant activity (31.09-32.84%) would be a significant asset. The levels of deoxynivalenol (62 ?g/kg) recorded in flours are below 200 ?g/kg recommended for infants and young children. The proposed formulations have high-water absorption capacity (136.15 -252.94%) and high solubility index (56.84 -59.2%). The wettability time ranges from 3.66 ± 0.16 s to 33.71 ± 0.23 s. Flours (1F, 2F, 3F, 5F) have a better absorption capacity for refined palm oil (132 %, 139 %, 121 %; 115 %). The proposed new formulations have nutritional characteristics close to standard data and could therefore be recommended for children aged 6 to 59 months for complementary feeding in the context of the fight against moderate acute malnutrition.
ABSTRACT
Globally, cancer remains the second-whacking cause of mortality. Several studies, like in vitro cell studies, clinical trials, in vivo studies, and cohort studies, have authenticated the anticancer potency of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) against various cancer types. The present study reports the in vitro anticancer potency of PUFA produced by Mortierella elongata (Accession No. OK402027) against Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cell lines. The biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of M. elongata lipids were evaluated against human embryonic kidney and MCF-7 cells, respectively. The anti-proliferative activity of M. elongata lipids was examined at three different concentrations based on the inhibitory concentration (IC50) value. The apoptotic activity of M. elongata lipids was analyzed by fluorescence microscopy by implementing three different staining methods, such as acridine orange/ethidium bromide, 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole, and propidium iodide. Further, the biological activity of M. elongata on apoptosis induction, cell cycle progression, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation were evaluated. The MTT assay revealed the anti-proliferative activity of M. elongata lipids, and the IC50 value of M. elongata lipids at 24 h was found to be 28 ± 1.3 ?g/mL. A significant decrease in the percentage of live cells with 57.36% of apoptotic and 14.10% of necrotic cells was revealed in cells treated with 100 ?g/mL of M. elongata lipids. Anti-proliferative activity is associated with increased ROS generation and the loss of MMP. The lipids of M. elongata induced a dose-dependent G1 arrest and were found to be more effective at 100 ?g/ml, accumulating 54.49% of MCF-7 cells in the G1 phase. Taken together, the present study has confirmed the in vitro anticancer potency of M. elongata lipids via apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.
ABSTRACT
Background: Depression is the most common psychiatric disorder affecting around 5% of the population worldwide. It leads to morbidity and affects quality of life. Monosodium glutamate (MSG) popularly called a tastemaker is used as a food additive in fast food and other processed foods. MSG has been implicated in causing depression. Since many adolescents and children are being habituated to fast foods, the current study is to evaluate the effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) supplementation on plasma concentration of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and IL-6 which are important biochemical and immunological markers found in depression. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the current study was to assess the effect of supplementation of PUFA on MSG-induced depression in Wistar albino rats. Materials and Methods: The present prospective interventional study was conducted on 3-month-old, 24 male Wistar albino rats (weighing 200–300 g) for 21 days. The study group was divided into four equal groups among which 1st group that is control received distilled water with carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), the 2nd group positive control group received 500 mg of MSG along with CMC, the 3rd group normal control with PUFA received PUFA dissolved in CMC and the 4th group was positive control with PUFA received MSG dissolved in CMC and PUFA intervention was introduced from the 7th day. The study period was for 21 days and the 22nd day was an acclimatization day. The parameters in the blood samples of the rats were tested on the 23rd day using an ELISA kit and results were analyzed using Tukey’s post hoc test among the various groups and it was taken as statistically significant when the P < 0.05. Results: Among the groups, IL-6 levels raised and BDNF levels dropped in plasma of MSG-induced depressed rats. In PUFA-treated MSG-induced depressed rats, the plasma level of IL-6 was reduced and there was a significant rise in BDNF levels. Conclusion: PUFA supplementation is effective in treating MSG-induced depression in rats.
ABSTRACT
Objective: This study aimed to explore the role of IGF2BP2 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) progression. Materials and Methods: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset, transcriptome sequencing, and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset were used to detect the expression of m6A?associated genes in ESCC. The in vitro and in vivo assays were used to explore the role of IGF2BP2 in ESCC. Results: IGF2BP2 was significantly overexpressed in human ESCC specimens, which was confirmed by analyzing the GEO dataset. IGF2BP2 overexpression was correlated with poor prognosis in patients with ESCC. Altering the expression of IGF2BP2 influenced the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ESCC cells in vitro and tumorigenicity in vivo. IGF2BP2 could bind to and stabilize hepatoma?derived growth factor (HDGF) transcripts in ESCC in an m6A?dependent manner and promote HDGF expression. Conclusions: These findings indicate that the novel IGF2BP2?HDGF axis is pivotal for ESCC cancer progression and can serve as a target for developing therapeutics.
ABSTRACT
Background: Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological malignancy. The present study was therefore designed to determine the accuracy of IL-6 and CA-125 in the early diagnosis of malignant ovarian tumors. The aim of the study was to evaluate the predictive value of pre-operative serum IL-6 and CA-125 levels in identifying malignant ovarian tumors.Methods: This cross-sectional study took place at BSMMU and NICRH in Dhaka, Bangladesh, from February 2022 to January 2023. It involved 94 women undergoing surgery for suspected ovarian tumors. The Mann-Whitney test was used to compare IL-6 and CA-125 levels between groups. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy were calculated to correlate serum markers with histopathological diagnoses. Statistical analysis used SPSS version 23.0 with significance set at p<0.05.Results: The study involved 94 patients with ovarian tumors, where the mean age was higher in those with malignant tumors. The most common malignant histopathological finding was serous carcinoma (34%), while benign tumors often included endometriotic cysts (12.8%) and mucinous cystadenomas (10.6%). Elevated levels of IL-6 and CA-125 were significantly associated with malignant tumors (p<0.05). Both IL-6 and CA-125 showed high diagnostic accuracy in identifying malignant ovarian tumors when used alone or in combination, as indicated by receiver-operator characteristic curves.Conclusions: Serum IL-6 shows higher sensitivity and specificity for detecting malignant ovarian tumors, both epithelial and non-epithelial, making it a valuable diagnostic tool alongside CA-125 in assessing suspicious ovarian masses.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Background Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is one of the most common types of skin cancer worldwide. Therefore, the identification of biomarkers associated with CSCC progression could aid in the early detection of high-risk squamous cell carcinoma and the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Objective This study aimed to investigate the expression patterns of silent mating type Information Regulation 2 homolog 6 (SIRT6) in CSCC and its clinical significance. Methods The protein expression level of SIRT6 in tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the correlation between SIRT6 expression and clinicopathological parameters in CSCC patients was analyzed. The relative expression of SIRT6 in CSCC cell lineage and tissue specimens was determined by western blotting and PCR. The effect of SIRT6 silencing on cell proliferation was evaluated using cell counting kit 8. Wound healing, transwell method, and flow cytometry were used to investigate the migration, invasion, and cell cycle distribution/apoptosis of CSCC cells after SIRT6 silencing, respectively. Western blot was used to detect the expression of EMT (Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition), cycle, apoptosis, and other related proteins. Results The high expression of SIRT6 was correlated with the location of cancer tissue and Broder staging in CSCC patients. Knockdown of SIRT6 inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT of CSCC cells, and promoted their apoptosis, with cells blocked in G1 phase. Study limitations No animal experiments were conducted to further verify the results. Conclusion Decreased expression of SIRT6 can inhibit the occurrence and development of CSCC.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: Silicosis is one of the oldest chronic lung diseases that leads to relentless fibrotic changes in the lungs with a resultant fall in lung functions. is study was conducted to assess exercise capacity utilizing a six-minute walk test (6-MWT) among patients detected to have “simple” and “complicated” forms of silicosis. A further correlation between 6-MWT parameters and abnormal chest imaging findings was also done. Material and Methods: Silicosis diagnosis among study subjects was based on the history of exposure to occupational silica dust along with suggestive radiological findings of pneumoconiosis assessed by the trained experts. Study subjects performed the 6-MWT as per standard protocol. Chest radiological and “high resolution computed tomographic” (HRCT) abnormalities were also analyzed in each subject and compared with their 6-MWT components (distance walked in meters and oxygen desaturation occurrence, if any). Results: One hundred twelve study subjects (males 106 and females 6; mean age 44.05+10.84 years) constituted the final study population. e sixminute walk distance (6-MWD), fall in SpO2 and BORG dyspnea scale in patients with grade “0” on chest X-ray was 362.79 ± 34.2 meter, 1.28 ± 0.91% and 0.96 ± 0.59, respectively and these parameters gradually converted with increasing International Labour Organization silicosis grading with 94.21 ± 29.4 meter, 7.11 ± 1.61% and 4.50 ± 0.93, respectively in grade “C.” A gradual change in 6-MWT parameters was also evident when compared with HRCT scan grading abnormalities. Conclusion: Results of this study shows abnormally reduced lung function parameters among subjects with silicosis and it also correlates with degree of the profusion of nodules seen radiologically both on chest radiograph and HRCT.
ABSTRACT
Neonatal diabetes (NDM) is a rare form of diabetes that manifests in the first few months of an infant's life. The condition affects approximately one in 300,000 to 400,000 newborns and is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels. Transient and permanent NDM are the two types of this disease. In most cases of transient neonatal diabetes mellitus (TNDM), the genetic cause has been attributed to the overexpression of chromosome 6q24. Regardless of its underlying cause, the primary treatment for neonatal diabetes is insulin therapy.
ABSTRACT
Background: Lung cancer patients are at high risk for depression, which is associated with poor treatment adherence. Medical hypnosis can improve symptoms of depression and affect interleukin-6 levels. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of medical hypnosis in improving depression and reducing IL-6 levels in lung cancer patients. Methods: This study is a quasi-experimental study with a pretest and post-test control group design. It assessed depressive symptoms using BDI-II scores and serum IL-6 levels in an intervention group receiving medical hypnosis and standard therapy compared to a control group receiving standard therapy. Data analysis was conducted using univariate tests, followed by Pearson correlation tests and effect size measurement with Cohen's d test. Results: The Wilcoxon test showed a decrease in IL-6 levels in the intervention group by 14.66�.45 (p=0.008) and a reduction in BDI-II scores by 8.26�78 (p=0.001). Correlation tests indicated a significant relationship between IL-6 levels and BDI-II scores (r=0.472; p=0.009). Cohen's d test showed the effect size of medical hypnosis on IL-6 levels was 0.754 (moderate=0.5<ES<0.8). Conclusions: Medical hypnosis is effective in improving depressive symptoms and reducing IL-6 levels in lung cancer patients.
ABSTRACT
Metabolic crisis should always be on the differential diagnosis of a toddler presenting with focal neurologic signs and refractory ketoacidosis. Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by an enzyme deficiency in the branched-chain ?-ketoacid dehydrogenase (BCKDH) complex that leads to toxic buildup of the branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) leucine, isoleucine, and valine. Classically diagnosed in the neonatal period (especially with the advent of newborn screening), our patient is a rare case of a previously healthy toddler with late-onset or intermittent MSUD triggered by human herpesvirus-6 and a fasting state. Though MSUD as a diagnosis is incredibly rare beyond the neonatal period, prompt recognition and treatment can be life-saving and lead to good outcomes.
ABSTRACT
RESUMEN Bajo el término neuropatía periférica se agrupan condiciones muy variadas y complejas que presentan dificultades para su abordaje diagnóstico y terapéutico. Uno de los factores que se encuentran en la base de esas entidades es el déficit de las vitaminas neurotróficas B1, B6 y B12. Dado los extremos oscuros o mal conocidos de este asunto y el empirismo con el que se han utilizado los recursos terapéuticos, se ha realizado una búsqueda exhaustiva de la literatura intentando ordenar y basar en evidencia científica las ideas y puntos conflictivos que han presidido la aproximación al tema por parte de los profesionales concernidos por él. Este estudio sirve de base a un intento de consenso de expertos que promueva una serie de recomendaciones que racionalicen y faciliten el manejo del tema en la práctica clínica.
ABSTRACT The term peripheral neuropathy includes very varied and complex conditions that present difficulties in their diagnostic and therapeutic approach. One of the factors underlying these entities is the deficiency of neurotrophic vitamins B1, B6 and B12. Given the uncertainity and poorly known extremes of this subject and the empirical approach when using the therapeutic resources, a systematic search of the literature has been carried out trying to organize and base on scientific evidence the ideas and conflicting points that have presided over the approach to the issue by the professionals concerned by it. This study serves as the basis for an attempt at expert consensus that promotes a series of recommendations that rationalize and facilitate the management of the issue in clinical practice.
ABSTRACT
Background: Chronic Kidney Disease is prevalent in the general population and is associated with high morbidity and mortality and its pathogenic mechanisms are related to pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as Interleukin 6 (IL-6). It is known that polymorphisms associated with IL-6 can trigger a different immune response in the individual and therefore be a determining factor in the progression of the disease. The idea of using saliva as an analysis matrix for diagnostic methods suggests that the methodology may be viable due to the easy way collection of these fluids and the amount of information in saliva molecular constituents. Aims: To identify the relationship between IL-6 polymorphism (-174) in dialysis patients using saliva. Methodology: 53 individuals were assessed, divided into a test group: 27 on hemodialysis; and a control group: 26 healthy individuals. Saliva samples were collected, DNA was extracted, and genotyping was performed using Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). For statistical analysis, the c2 was performed on categorical data. Results: The genotype frequency identified was 33.33% GC, 59.25% GG and 7.42% CC for the hemodialysis group and 19.23% GC, 50% GG and 30.77% CC for the healthy group(p=0.0806). Conclusion: It was possible to verify the presence of the IL-6 (-174) polymorphism in saliva. Nonetheless, the predominance of GG was not significant, corroborating with other studies, that also indicate no relation between IL-6 Polymorphism and CKD. In this study, it was not possible to correlate hemodialysis patients with the polymorphism studied, but more studies about this subject are necessary, mainly in countries with diverse population, as Brazil.
ABSTRACT
Background: This study aims to explore the nutritional care practices for children from 6 to 24 months old by Cham ethnic mothers in Tan Chau town, An Giang province in 2018.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on Cham ethnic children aged from 6 to 24 months and their mothers living in Tan Chau town, An Giang province.Results: The rate of mothers practicing proper and sufficient prenatal care during pregnancy is 74.4%; the rate of mothers engaging in lighter work than before pregnancy is 64.2%; the rate of mothers eating more than before pregnancy is 72.2%; the rate of mothers taking iron supplements during pregnancy is high at 85%. Practices regarding the timing of weaning children are not good, with 36.8% of mothers weaning children at the wrong time. Practices for feeding children supplementary foods are relatively good: 90.7% of mothers feed their children at the right time, however, the rate of mothers providing children with a complete range of food groups is only 23.0%. Maternal care practices for sick children have many shortcomings, with 81.7% of mothers feeding children incorrectly when they have diarrhea, and only 38.4% of children receiving oral rehydration solution (ORS) when they have diarrhea. Personal hygiene practices of the mother and child care are not good, with 24.3% of mothers not properly performing hand hygiene for themselves and their children.Conclusions: We need to strengthen propaganda and consulting work for each group of subjects, especially the Cham ethnic people, on nutritional care practices for children from 6-24 months old.
ABSTRACT
Background: In recent years, according to the investigation report of the Institute of Nutrition, the malnutrition rate of children in remote, faraway, and ethnic minority areas is still high compared to children in other regions. Studying the malnutrition status of children aged 6 to 24 months of the Cham ethnic group in Tan Chau town, An Giang province is a practical need to provide some scientific evidence for interventions to reduce the malnutrition rate of children in the locality. This study aims to explore the nutritional status of children aged 6-24 months of the Cham ethnic group in Tan Chau town, An Giang province in 2018.Methods: Cross-sectional study. Subjects: Cham ethnic children from 6 to 24 months old at the time of the survey and the mothers of the children living in Tan Chau town, An Giang province.Results: Research shows that the average weight and length increase with age group, and boys have higher corresponding average values than girls. The malnutrition group has the highest malnutrition rate in the age group of 6-12 months at 27.2% and the lowest in the age group of 19-24 months at 2.6%. Undernourished group in the Stunted category has the highest undernourishment rate in the age group of 6-12 months at 44.1% and the lowest in the age group of 19-24 months at 25.7%. Undernourished group in the Wasted category has the highest undernourishment rate in the age group of 13-18 months at 13.9% and the lowest in the age group of 19-24 months at 2.6%.Conclusions: The malnutrition status of children aged 6-24 months of the Cham ethnic group in Tan Chau town, An Giang province in 2018 is still quite high.
ABSTRACT
RESUMEN Objetivo: Describir las características clínicas y demográficas de sujetos mayores de 16 años con diagnóstico de fibrosis quística (FQ) que ingresaron al Servicio de Kinesiología. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal y retrospectivo. Durante el período de enero de 2014 a diciembre de 2021, ingresaron 44 sujetos con diagnóstico de FQ al Servicio de Kinesiología del HIGA General San Martín de La Plata. Resultados: De acuerdo con la gravedad funcional medida por el VEF1, 11 sujetos pertenecían al grupo leve, con una media de 594 metros (DE:51) recorridos en la prueba de marcha de 6 minutos (PM6M). El grupo moderado, compuesto por 10 sujetos, registró una media de 538 metros (DE:91), mientras que el grupo grave, compuesto por 13 sujetos, registró una media de 410 metros (DE:103). Conclusión: En este estudio, observamos que la gravedad de la obstrucción medida por el VEF1 se correlacionó con la distancia recorrida en metros en la PM6M. Además, se describieron las características clínicas y demográficas de estos sujetos, con una mayor proporción del sexo masculino.
ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the clinical and demographic characteristics of subjects aged over 16 years and diagnosed with cystic fibrosis (CF) who were admitted to the Respiratory and Physical Therapy Service. Materials and methods: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, and retrospective study was conducted. During the period from January 2014 to December 2021, 44 subjects diagnosed with CF were admitted to the Respiratory and Physical Therapy Service of General San Martín Hospital of La Plata. Results: According to the functional severity measured by FEV1, 11 subjects were in the mild group, with a mean of 594 meters (SD:51) walked in the 6-minute walk test (6MWT). The moderate group, composed of 10 subjects, registered a mean of 538 meters (SD:91), while the severe group, composed of 13 subjects, registered a mean of 410 meters (SD:103). Conclusion: In this study, we observed that the severity of obstruction measured by FEV1 correlated with the distance walked in meters in the 6MWT. Additionally, the clinical and demographic characteristics of these subjects were described, with a higher proportion of males.
ABSTRACT
The escalation and involvement of Interleukin 6 (IL-6) in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 have been documented in numerous studies and are recognized as a diagnostic criterion, disease biomarker, and therapeutic objective. Our study aims to explore the correlation between the elevated level of IL-6 following actemra administration and the mortality rate of seven severe COVID-19 patients who were admitted to the special care department of Ardabil city hospital. In this case-series study, 7 patients with severe COVID-19 were admitted to the special care department of Ardabil city hospital were included in the study. Venous blood samples (3 cc) were taken in admission and after actemra injection. The demographic characteristics of the patients, including age, sex, duration of hospitalization, need for intubation, BMI, and interleukin 6 levels, were recorded in a checklist. The patients were then monitored for their clinical course, disease outcome, and complications. The mean IL-6 before and after actemra was 413.57±138.38 and 805.50±128.18, respectively and the difference was significant. After treatment by actemra, 71.4% of patients were discharged from hospital without mortality. Although elevated IL-6 levels have been associated with cytokine storms and unfavorable consequences in COVID-19 patients. This report indicates that high interleukin levels do not guarantee mortality. Young individuals without underlying conditions were ultimately discharged from the ICU despite severe inflammation, thanks to timely treatment and albeit with severe disability.
ABSTRACT
Background: Lack of vitamin D and estrogen both promote a spike in cytokine production, which increases osteoclastogenesis and causes bone resorption. Treatment with vitamin D strongly stimulates calcium resorption and decreases bone turnover. Vitamin D also decreases interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels, which further decreases the activity of osteoclast, which helps in regaining bone mineral density (BMD). Aims and Objectives: To assess and evaluate the link between serum vitamin D levels, BMD, and IL-6 levels in osteoporotic pre- and post-menopausal women. Materials and Methods: Three categories are formed among 36 female patients within the age group 30–55 years with osteoporosis: Group-1: Patients within age group 30–40 years; Group-2: Pre-menopausal patients within age group 40–55 years; and Group-3: Post-menopausal patients within age group 40–55 years. Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels, IL-6 levels, and BMD scans were also done at baseline (day 0) before vitamin D supplementation and after 6 months of oral vitamin D therapy. Results: The comparison between mean values of IL-6, serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D level, and BMD at baseline and at 24th week was highly significant for all three groups, which showed that the post-menopausal group, i.e., Group-3, had the lowest vitamin D levels and the lowest bone mass as compared to the pre-menopausal groups, i.e., Group-2 and Group-1. It was observed that mean values of 25-hydroxy vitamin D and BMD at the 24th week significantly increased and IL-6 values significantly decreased in all the women after 24 weeks of Vitamin D therapy. Conclusion: There is a straight link between vitamin D and BMD in post- menopausal women and an opposite correlation between vitamin D and IL-6.
ABSTRACT
6-Gingerol, an abundant component of Zingiber officinale, acts as a cardiotonic and is also used in the treatment of cancer disease, but its low solubility makes it very challenging in therapeutic applications. As we are all aware of the metal toxicity of nanoparticles, here we are using gold metal because gold nanoparticles are found to have lower toxicity than other metals. In this study, we prepared optimized conjugated gold nanoparticles of 6-Gingerol (Au-6G-PVP-NPs) by chemical reduction method using polyvinylpyrrolidone, a biocompatible and biodegradable polymer, to increase the bioavailability and solubility of 6-Gingerol. The prepared nanoparticle conjugate was evaluated on different parameters such as pH, solubility, Zeta potential, TEM, DLS, polydispersity index, in vitro release, and stability studies to meet the criteria. The study concluded that gold nanoparticles conjugated with 6-Gingerol showed good solubility in gastric pH, effective drug release, and were more stable than free 6-Gingerol. Hence, it can be concluded that these conjugates can be used for cardiac disease as well as cancer treatment due to their good bioavailability, drug release, improved biocompatibility, stability, and decreased cytotoxicity.