Optimization of parameters for obtaining callus, suspension, and root cultures of meadowsweet (filipendula ulmaria) to isolate the largest number of biologically active substances with geroprotective properties / Otimização de parâmetros para obtenção de culturas de calos, suspensão e raiz de Ulmária (Filipendula ulmaria) para isolar o maior número de substâncias biologicamente ativas com propriedades geroprotetoras

The study of biologically active substances-secondary metabolites of plants that exhibit geroprotective properties is an actual and popular direction in medicine to prevent early aging. This work aims to select the cultivation parameters for obtaining in vitro cell cultures of meadowsweet containing the largest amount of biologically active substances (BAS) for their further extraction as candidate substances for geroprotectors. To specify the effectiveness of the selected cell culture cultivation parameters, biomass growth for callus and root cultures, growth index, specific growth rate, and viability for suspension cultures was carried out. The study results made it possible to select the nutrient media for the cultivation of cell cultures of meadowsweet. It has been found that the greater the antioxidant activity of the extracts, the greater the antimicrobial properties it exhibits. In this study, cell cultures in vitro and alcohol extracts from the plant Filipendula ulmaria were considered as raw materials rich in candidate substances for geroprotectors. According to the data obtained, the plant is rich in hydroxybenzoic and salicylic acids, spireoside, avicularin, and hyperoside.

O estudo de substâncias biologicamente ativas - metabólitos secundários de plantas que apresentam propriedades geroprotetoras - é uma tendência atual e popular no campo da medicina para a prevenção do envelhecimento precoce. O objetivo deste trabalho foi selecionar os parâmetros de cultivo para obtenção de culturas celulares in vitro de Ulmária contendo a maior quantidade de substâncias biologicamente ativas (SBA), para sua posterior extração como substâncias candidatas a serem geroprotetoras. Para especificar a eficácia dos parâmetros selecionados de cultivo em cultura de células, foi realizada a análise de crescimento de biomassa para culturas de calos e raízes, índice de crescimento, taxa de crescimento específica e viabilidade para culturas em suspensão. Os resultados do estudo possibilitaram a seleção do meio nutriente para o cultivo de células de Ulmária. Verificou-se que, quanto maior a atividade antioxidante dos extratos, maiores eram as propriedades antimicrobianas exibidas. Neste estudo, culturas celulares in vitro e extratos alcoólicos da planta Filipendula ulmaria foram considerados matérias-primas ricas em substâncias candidatas a serem geroprotetoras. De acordo com os dados obtidos, a planta é rica em ácidos hidroxibenzoico e salicílico, espirosídeo, avicularina e hiperosídeo.

Knee osteoarthritis and aging: evaluation of the different muscles of thigh / Artrosis de rodilla y envejecimiento: investigación de los diferentes músculos del muslo / Osteoartrite de joelho e envelhecimento: investigação de diferentes músculos da coxa

ABSTRACT Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic inflammatory degenerative disease, characterized by progressive degeneration of the articular cartilage, affecting mostly the knee joint. The elderly population is the most affected, intensifying the aging process. The concentration of intramuscular adipose tissue in the thigh muscles and knee OA at different ages remains under investigation. Objective: Investigate the cross-sectional area of thigh muscles at different ages with the relationship of the presence of intramuscular fat and knee OA. Methods: 80 participants were paired into 4 groups: Young Osteoarthritis Group and Old Osteoarthritis Group, both sedentary with knee OA diagnosis II or III; Healthy Young Group and Healthy Old Group, both healthy and sedentary. The groups were paired according to gender and body mass index, submitted to physiotherapeutic evaluation, WOMAC questionnaire, knee X-ray and thigh CT scans. Morphometric analysis was performed manually with ITK-SNAP software (version 3.6), by a single evaluator. Statistical analysis used the one-way ANOVA test followed by Bonferroni post-hoc for dependent variables (p≤0.05). Results: Comparison of the cross-sectional area of the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, semitendinosus, sartorius and gracilis muscles between the groups indicated no significant differences (p>0.05). The study of attenuation for muscle adipose tissue indicated no significant difference in the values of between the OA-Young and Aged-S groups for all the muscles evaluated. Conclusion: Young individuals with knee OA present muscle morphological characteristics similar to those found during the aging process, characterizing early aging of the thigh muscles. Level of Evidence III; Retrospective cross-sectional and observational study.

RESUMEN Introducción: La artrosis (OA) es una enfermedad inflamatoria degenerativa crónica, caracterizada por la degeneración progresiva del cartílago articular, que afecta principalmente a la articulación de la rodilla. La población anciana es la más afectada, intensificándose el proceso de envejecimiento. La concentración de tejido adiposo intramuscular en los músculos del muslo y la OA de rodilla a diferentes edades sigue siendo objeto de investigación. Objetivo: Investigar el área transversal de los músculos del muslo a diferentes edades con la relación de la presencia de grasa intramuscular y la OA de rodilla. Métodos: Se emparejó a 80 participantes en 4 grupos: Grupo de jóvenes con osteoartritis y Grupo de mayores con osteoartritis, ambos sedentarios y con diagnóstico de OA de rodilla II o III; Grupo de jóvenes sanos y Grupo de mayores sanos, ambos sanos y sedentarios. Los grupos fueron emparejados según sexo e índice de masa corporal, sometidos a evaluación fisioterapéutica, cuestionario WOMAC, exámenes radiográficos de las rodillas y tomografía computarizada del muslo. El análisis morfométrico se realizó manualmente con el software ITK-SNAP (versión 3.6), por un único evaluador. En el análisis estadístico se utilizó la prueba ANOVA unidireccional seguida del post-hoc de Bonferroni para las variables dependientes (p≤0,05). Resultados: La comparación del área transversal de los músculos recto femoral, vasto lateral, semitendinoso, sartorio y gracilis entre los grupos no indicó diferencias significativas (p>0,05). El estudio de la atenuación para el tejido adiposo muscular no indicó diferencias significativas en los valores de entre los grupos OA-Young y Aged-S para todos los músculos evaluados. Conclusión: Individuos jóvenes con OA de rodilla presentan características morfológicas musculares similares a las encontradas durante el proceso de envejecimiento, caracterizando el envejecimiento precoz de los músculos del muslo. Nivel de Evidencia III; Estudio transversal y observacional retrospectivo.

RESUMO Introdução: A osteoartrite (OA) é uma doença inflamatória crônico-degenerativa, caracterizada pela degeneração progressiva da cartilagem articular, acometendo em maior parte a articulação do joelho. A população idosa é a mais atingida, intensificando o processo de envelhecimento. A concentração de tecido adiposo intramuscular nos músculos da coxa e a OA de joelho em diferentes idades permanece em investigação. Objetivo: Investigar a área de secção transversa dos músculos da coxa em diferentes idades com a relação da presença de gordura intramuscular e OA de joelho. Métodos: 80 participantes foram pareados em 4 grupos: Grupo Osteoartrite Jovem e Grupo Osteoartrite Idoso, ambos sedentários com diagnóstico de OA de joelho II ou III; Grupo Jovem Saudável e Grupo Idoso Saudável, ambos saudáveis e sedentários. Os grupos foram pareados de acordo com sexo e índice de massa corporal, submetidos à avaliação fisioterapêutica, questionário WOMAC, exames de raio-x dos joelhos e tomografia computadorizada da coxa. A análise morfométrica foi realizada manualmente com software ITK-SNAP (versão 3.6), por um único avaliador. Análise estatística utilizou o teste ANOVA one-way seguido pelo post-hoc de Bonferroni, para variáveis dependentes (p≤0,05). Resultados: A comparação da área de secção transversa dos músculos reto femoral, vasto lateral, semitendinoso, sartório e grácil, entre os grupos, não indicou diferenças significativas (p>0,05). O estudo da atenuação para o tecido adiposo muscular não indicou diferença significativa nos valores de entre os grupos OA-Jovem e Idoso-S para todos os músculos avaliados. Conclusão: Indivíduos jovens com OA de joelho apresentam características morfológicas musculares semelhantes às encontradas durante o processo de envelhecimento, caracterizando um envelhecimento precoce dos músculos da coxa.Nível de Evidência III; Estudo retrospectivo transversal e observacional.

Quality of life of older adults in Family Health Strategy: a cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: With the increase in the older adult population, it is essential to identify the living and health conditions that can impact the quality of life of these individuals. OBJECTIVES: To identify the domains and factors associated with the quality of life of older adults under the Family Health Strategy program. DESIGN AND SETTING: This was a cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in the municipality of Palmas, Tocantins, Brazil. METHODS: We assessed 449 older adults enrolled in the Family Health Strategy program. Data were collected between April and July, 2018. World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment (WHOQOL-OLD) was used to assess the quality of life (QoL) and multiple linear regression was used to estimate the factors associated with QoL. RESULTS: The QoL domain with the highest score was death and dying (mean = 70.4), and the lowest score was for sensory functions (mean = 61.0 points). The factors associated with QoL were single marital status (β = -4.55; P = 0.014), level of independence for daily living activities (β = 4.92; P < 0.001), self-assessment of regular health (β = 5.35; P < 0.001), and poor health (β = -8.67; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The death and dying domain of QoL presented the highest score. Marital status, impairment in daily activities, and health self-assessment were associated with QoL.

Envelhecimento cutâneo: interlocuções entre o cuidado de enfermagem e a corporeidade em Merleau-Ponty / Skin aging: interlocutions between nursing care and corporeity in Merleau-Ponty / Envejecimiento de la piel: interlocuciones entre el cuidado de enfermería y la corporeidad en Merleau-Ponty

Objetivo: refletir acerca das possíveis interlocuções entre o cuidado de enfermagem e a corporeidade no tocante ao envelhecimento cutâneo à luz de Merleau-Ponty. Conteúdo: estudo teórico-reflexivo fundamentado na fenomenologia de Merleau-Ponty, com ênfase na obra Fenomenologia da Percepção e ao cuidado de enfermagem acerca de pessoas idosas que vivenciam o envelhecimento cutâneo. Organiza-se o exposto pelas categorias "O fenômeno da corporeidade na pessoa idosa à luz de Merleau-Ponty" e "Interlocuções entre Merleau-Ponty e o cuidado de enfermagem sobre o processo de envelhecimento cutâneo". Considerações finais: ao conceber as interlocuções, compreende-se que a objetivação do corpo vislumbra a intencionalidade de retorno ao corpo físico jovial e ao considerar o autoconhecimento, valorização do seu corpo e a vivência da corporeidade é possível uma melhor compreensão de si e do outro por meio da intersubjetividade que contribui com o desvelar de modificações no próprio ser.

Objective: to reflect on the possible interlocutions between nursing care and corporeality regarding skin aging in the light of Merleau-Ponty. Content: theoretical-reflective study based on Merleau-Ponty's phenomenology, with emphasis on the work Phenomenology of Perception and nursing care about elderly people who experience skin aging. The above is organized into the categories "The phenomenon of embodiment in the elderly in the light of Merleau-Ponty" and "Interlocutions between Merleau-Ponty and nursing care on the skin aging process". Final considerations: when conceiving the interlocutions, it is understood that the objectification of the body envisions the intentionality of returning to the jovial physical body and when considering self-knowledge, appreciation of your body and the experience of corporeity, a better understanding of yourself and the other is possible through intersubjectivity that contributes to the unveiling of changes in the being itself.

Objetivo: reflexionar sobre las posibles interlocuciones entre el cuidado de enfermería y la corporeidad en relación con el envejecimiento de la piel a la luz de Merleau-Ponty. Contenido: estudio teórico-reflexivo fundamentado en la fenomenología de Merleau-Ponty, con énfasis en la obra Fenomenología de la percepción y del cuidado de enfermería acerca de las personas mayores que experimentan el envejecimiento de la piel. Se organiza el estudio en las categorías "El fenómeno de la corporeidad en el anciano a la luz de Merleau-Ponty" e "Interlocuciones entre Merleau-Ponty y el cuidado de enfermería en el proceso de envejecimiento de la piel". Consideraciones finales: al concebir las interlocuciones se entiende que la objetivación del cuerpo vislumbra la intencionalidad de volver al cuerpo físico jovial y al considerar el autoconocimiento, la apreciación de su cuerpo y la experiencia de la corporeidad, una mejor comprensión de ti mismo y el otro a través de la intersubjetividad que contribuye al desvelamiento de cambios en el propio ser es posible.

Envejecimiento saludable: un primer acercamiento a la revisión de indicadores subjetivos de salud en zonas urbanas y rurales en Costa Rica / Healthy aging: An initial review of subjective health indicators in urban and rural areas in Costa Rica

Resumen En este artículo se presentan los resultados de una primera aproximación al análisis del efecto moderador del contexto social, cultural y geográfico en indicadores subjetivos del envejecimiento saludable en personas mayores de 46 años residentes en territorios con características diferenciadas en Costa Rica. Se trabajó con una muestra de 305 personas residentes en tres áreas geográficas: una urbana, una semiurbana y una tercera principalmente rural. La diferenciación de las tres zonas se basó en criterios de densidad poblacional, infraestructura y acceso a bienes y servicios. Los indicadores subjetivos del envejecimiento saludable analizados fueron: participación social, apoyo social, salud percibida, espiritualidad, autoeficacia, comportamientos de autocuidado, bienestar subjetivo (satisfacción con la vida y bienestar psicológico) y estado de ánimo; todas las variables fueron condicionadas por zona de residencia, edad y sexo. Para analizar los indicadores subjetivos se estimó un análisis de covarianza (ANCOVA) o un análisis multivariado de covarianza (MANCOVA), dependiendo del número de variables dependientes analizadas. En general, se identificaron indicadores subjetivos de envejecimiento saludable altos en las personas participantes del estudio, quienes reportaron altos niveles de participación social, satisfacción con la vida y estados de salud y ánimo positivos. Se encontraron diferencias por edad entre los grupos. Sin embargo, no se evidenciaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en los indicadores subjetivos analizados según la zona de residencia o el sexo. En síntesis, este estudio encontró que los indicadores subjetivos de envejecimiento saludable analizados eran muy similares en residentes de tres zonas geográficas con características distintas. Estos hallazgos iniciales se discuten desde una perspectiva cultural y geográfica y en relación con los modelos de envejecimiento saludable.

Abstract This review exposes the results of a first approximation to the analysis of the moderator effect of the geographical, social, and cultural context on subjective indicators of healthy aging in the Costa Rican context. Costa Rica is a middle-income democratic country that is in an advanced demographic changing process; this phenomenon makes it one of the aged countries in the Latin American region. Therefore, studying healthy aging becomes relevant in the context of population demographic change in the present and future aging societies. The study compared several subjective indicators of healthy aging among people older than 46 who resided in three different geographical areas in the country. Participants were 305 healthy people from three locations: one urban (Heredia Central City), one semi-urban (Santa Ana Central City), and one mainly rural (Nicoya). Participants completed standardized assessment scales to evaluate social participation, social support, perceived health, spirituality, self-efficacy, self-care behaviors, and subjective well-being (life satisfaction and psychological well-being). All variables were conditioned by geographical zone (urban, semi-urban, and mainly rural), age, and gender. Either Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) or Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) were estimated depending on the number of dependent variables analyzed to test the effect of the zone of residence, gender, and age, over the subjective indicator of healthy aging studied. In general, participants evidenced high scores on subjective indicators such as self-care, social support, spirituality, life satisfaction, and psychological well-being, which have been associated with health and well-being during the aging process. Participants reported high levels of social participation and perceived that they received adequate support for their daily life needs. Likewise, participants evidenced a general state of well-being, a positive state of health, high levels of self-efficacy, and positive moods. Differences were found among the groups by comparing age. However, no significant differences were found in the variables studied related to geographical areas of residence and sex, suggesting invariant comparison evidence by zone of residence and sex. Nevertheless, the results indicate that the subjective indicators of healthy aging studied are key to promoting healthy aging at the national level. It is considered necessary to improve opportunities for social participation aimed at older adults, to strengthen community and family social networks, to promote socio-economic support such as financial and instrumental support for activities of daily living, and finally emotional support such as listening, empathy and advice. Although the differences among geographical areas of residence of the people studied were not statistically significant in this study, the evidence suggested a trend of high well-being indicators mainly in the rural areas studied, and particularly more in males than in females. As this study only reached preliminary data, further research must obtain conclusive evidence, as previous research had suggested older people living in rural areas with high longevity indicators in Costa Rica might enjoy unusual environmental characteristics and personal protective factors that could be absent in most of the urban areas in the country. On the other hand, it will be necessary to include the historical and socio-cultural determinants focusing on context-specific review analyses in the mainstream research on healthy aging, even more in aged countries like Costa Rica. The findings are discussed within the inter-cultural emphasis and healthy aging models in order to contribute to a better understanding of how the context (physical-constructed and social/cultural) influences the differences, although subtle, in the study´s variables and participants, and how the process of aging might be different according to the multiple contextual conditions in which people live and adapt their capacities and abilities for coping with daily life demands.

Covid-19 e fatores associados em pessoas com 50 ou mais / Covid-19 and associated factors in people aged 50 years or more

Introdução: a pandemia de COVID-19 se apresentou como uma intensa crise sanitária no mundo. Foram considerados os principais fatores de risco: idade avançada, ser do sexo masculino, presença de doenças crônicas, obesidade, fator racial/étnico, bem como piores condições socioeconômicas. Objetivo: o objetivo foi investigar a associação entre a COVID-19 e faixa etária, sexo, raça/cor, condições de saúde e sintomas. Metodologia: o estudo do tipo transversal, empregou dados dos prontuários e fichas de notificação compulsória de COVID-19 dos usuários assistidos na Unidade de Saúde. Para a análise dos dados, utilizou-se o pacote estatístico STATA® da StataCorp LLC, versão 14.2. A análise bivariada, segundo a presença de COVID-19, foi realizada com o emprego do teste qui-quadrado de Pearson ou teste exato de Fisher. A análise múltipla adotada foi a modelagem de regressão logística não-condicional. Resultados: a amostra incluiu 239 indivíduos e 38% apresentaram diagnóstico positivo para COVID-19. As alterações gustativas e olfativas foram sintomas mais frequentes entre indivíduos com resultado positivo para COVID-19, quando comparados àqueles sem a doença. O modelo de regressão logística, ajustado por sintomas apresentados e raça/cor, apresentou associação estatisticamente significante entre ser idoso e ter diagnóstico positivo para COVID-19 (OR: 2,23; IC95%: 1,01 ­ 4,98). Conclusão: as alterações gustativas e a faixa etária foram as características associadas à COVID-19. O estudo valida a necessidade de elevação da qualidade dos registros gerados na Atenção Primária à Saúde, reforçando a necessidade de espaços com profissionais de saúde para que seja desenvolvida uma política de informação em saúde que fortaleça o Sistema Único de Saúde.

Introduction: the COVID-19 pandemic presented itself as an intense health crisis worldwide. The main risk factors considered were advanced age, being male, presence of chronic diseases, obesity, racial/ethnic factor as well as worse socioeconomic conditions. Objective: the aim was to investigate the association between COVID-19 and age group, gender, race/color, health conditions, and symptoms. Methodology: the cross-sectional study used data from medical records and mandatory reporting forms for individuals with COVID-19 seen at the Health Unit. For data analysis, the STATA® statistical package from StataCorp LLC, version 14.2, was used. Bivariate analysis, according to the presence of COVID-19, was performed using Pearson's chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. The multiple analysis adopted was the unconditional logistic regression modeling. Results: the sample included 239 individuals, and 38% had a positive diagnosis for COVID-19. Taste and smell changes were the most frequent symptoms among individuals with a positive result for COVID-19 when compared to those without the disease. The logistic regression model adjusted for presenting symptoms and race/color showed a statistically significant association between being elderly and having a positive diagnosis for COVID-19 (OR: 2.23; 95% CI: 1.01-4.98). Conclusion: taste changes and age group were the characteristics associated with COVID-19. The study validates the need to improve the quality of records generated in Primary Health Care, reinforcing the need for spaces with health professionals to develop a health information policy that strengthens the Unified Health System

High expression level of homocitrulline is correlated with seborrheic keratosis and skin aging

Abstract Backgroud Homocitrulline (Hcit), is involved in the pathological processes of some diseases. However, the role and function of Hcit (CBL) in human skin remains largely obscure. Objective To investigate the correlation of the level of Hcit in seborrheic keratosis, skin aging, and its clinical significance. Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze the level of Hcit in skin lesions of seborrheic keratosis (SK), unaffected skin (distant 0.5 centimeters from SK lesion), and normal skin of healthy subjects in the control group. ELISA test was used to detect the serum level of CBL in SK patients and healthy subjects of different ages. Results Hcit was mainly localized in the nucleus of epidermal cells. In healthy control skin, the expression of Hcit increased with age and showed a positive correlation with age (the correlation coefficient was 0.806, p = 0.0002). The expressional level of Hcit in SK lesions was higher than that in healthy control skin (Z = −3.703, p = 0.0002). The serum level of CBL in healthy subjects and in SK patients increased with age (the correlation coefficient were 0.5763, p = 0.0032; 0.682, p = 0.004. respectively). The serum level of CBL in SK patients was higher than that in healthy subjects (Z = −2.19, p = 0.030). Study limitations The small serum sample size in the study. Conclusion The high expressional level of Hcit is correlated with seborrheic keratosis and skin aging. HCit may be one of the potential biomarkers of skin aging.

Bluetooth Coupling in Hearing Aids: Effect on Audiovisual Speech Recognition and Quality Rating of Compressed Speech in Older Individuals with Sloping Hearing Loss

Abstract Introduction Older individuals often report that they find it difficulty in enjoying watching television since they find it hard to follow the rapid intensity variations, and voice changes from scene to scene. Objective The present study investigated the effect of coupling the hearing aid with the television via Bluetooth on audiovisual speech recognition and quality rating of compressed speech in older individuals with hearing loss. Method Twenty participants in the age range of 60 to 75 years who had moderate to moderately severe sloping sensorineural hearing loss were bilaterally fitted with digital receiver in the canal hearing aids. The hearing aid was coupled with a television via Bluetooth using a streamer. The video recorded stimuli were presented at 65 dB SPL at normal rate, 35% compression and 45% compression conditions. Speech recognition scores and quality ratings were obtained for each condition with and without the Bluetooth streamer connected to the hearing aids. Results Speech recognition scores were significantly better with Bluetooth coupling compared with conventional hearing aid use at 40% compressed speech rate. The quality was also rated higher in almost all parameters across speech rates when Bluetooth was used. Conclusions The improved clarity and nullification of room reverberation offered by Bluetooth coupling can potentially compensate for the age-related temporal processing deficit contributing to ease of listening.

Factores genéticos y ambientales asociados al fenotipo longevo

Introducción: La prevalencia de la longevidad en la población abierta ha aumentado en los últimos cien años. Existen coincidencias en la literatura sobre la importancia de varios factores relacionados con el estilo de vida como elementos favorecedores de la longevidad. Objetivo: Demostrar la influencia de factores genéticos y ambientales en el fenotipo longevo. Métodos: Se estudiaron 178 individuos provenientes del municipio Santa Clara: 86 longevos de 80 años y más, y 92 no longevos (menores de 80 años). A todos se les aplicó un instrumento de recogida de información genealógica sobre antecedentes de longevidad y factores genéticos y ambientales favorecedores. Para los análisis de asociación se procedió a la confección de tablas de contingencia tetracóricas. Se evaluó la asociación mediante la prueba Ji cuadrado de Mantel-Haenszel, así como V de Cramer para medir la magnitud de asociación; cuando el nivel de significación fue p<0,05, se calculó la oportunidad relativa y el intervalo de confianza al 95 %. Resultados: Las asociaciones resultaron significativas para las siguientes variables: no hábito de fumar, no beber alcohol, tener índice de masa corporal normopeso, no padecer enfermedades respiratorias, tener madre longeva, y ser del sexo femenino. Las razones de ventajas más elevadas se alcanzaron en dos factores: no padecer de enfermedades respiratorias y no beber alcohol. La asociación más fuerte fue con la longevidad de la madre (V Cramer=0,234). Conclusiones: Los factores genéticos y ambientales que, de manera consistente, se asociaron a la longevidad, indicaron que en los individuos estudiados existen factores favorecedores de la longevidad.

Introduction: prevalence of longevity in open population has increased in the last hundred years. There are coincidences in the literature on the importance of various factors related to lifestyle as elements that favour longevity. Objective: to demonstrate the influence of genetic and environmental factors on the longevity phenotype. Methods: 178 individuals from Santa Clara municipality were studied: 86 longevous people aged 80 years and over and 92 non-longevous ones aged less than 80 years. An instrument for collecting genealogical information on longevity antecedents and favorable genetic and environmental factors was applied to all of them. Tetrachoric contingency tables were prepared for the association analysis. This association was evaluated using the Mantel-Haenszel chi-square test, as well as the Cramer's V test to measure the magnitude of association; an odds ratio and a 95% confidence interval were calculated when the significance level was p<0.05. Results: the associations were significant for the following variables: not-smoking and not-drinking alcohol, not suffering from respiratory diseases, having a normal weight body mass index and a longevous mother, as well as being female. The highest odds ratios were achieved in two factors: not suffering from respiratory diseases and not drinking alcohol. The strongest association was with maternal longevity (V Cramer=0.234). Conclusions: the genetic and environmental factors that were consistently associated with longevity indicated that there are factors that favour longevity in the studied individuals.

A promising alternative for mature skin: the effects of phytoestrogens on human skin and its topical use / Alternativa promissora para peles maduras: os efeitos dos fitoestrógenos na pele humana e seu uso tópico

Skin quality deteriorates with age for various reasons, including hormone deficiencies. In women, the decline in estrogen levels during menopause plays an important role in skin degeneration, with consequent atrophy, collagen reduction, loss of elasticity, and impaired wound healing. Research has demonstrated the beneficial effects of topical phytoestrogen in preventing and repairing skin aging, with localized action and without side effects. The objective of this study was to review the relevant literature, demonstrating that this can be a safe and effective alternative for treating the skin of perimenopausal women.

A qualidade da pele deteriora-se com a idade por vários motivos, incluindo as deficiências hormonais. Nas mulheres, o declínio dos níveis de estrógeno, durante a menopausa, tem papel importante na degeneração cutânea, com consequente atrofia, redução do colágeno, perda de elasticidade e deficiência da cicatrização de feridas. Pesquisas têm demonstrado efeitos benéficos do fitoestrogênio tópico na prevenção e reparação do envelhecimento cutâneo, com ação localizada e sem efeitos colaterais. O objetivo deste estudo foi revisar a literatura pertinente ao assunto, demonstrando que esta pode ser uma alternativa segura e eficaz para o tratamento da pele de mulheres na perimenopausa.

Effects of cognitive interventions with video games on cognition in healthy elderly people: a systematic review / Efeitos de intervenções cognitivas com jogos eletrônicos na cognição de idosos saudáveis: revisão sistemática

Abstract Background Currently, studies using video games as an intervention to improve cognitive functions in the elderly are on the rise. Objective To investigate and evaluate the effects of cognitive interventions using video games on cognition in healthy elderly people published in the last ten years. Methods A systematic review involving a qualitative analysis carried out between July and September 2021 on the SciELO, LILACS and MEDLINE databases.. Results A total of 262 articles were identified in the initial search. After exclusion of duplicates, analysis of titles/abstracts and of the full text, a final total of 9 studies were included in the review. The objectives of the studies included investigating the effects on cognition of cognitive training (CT) programs using video games compared to programs using entertainment games or to low-intensity CT games. Despite the growing number of studies, many of them were focused on cognitive rehabilitation in elderly people with some degree of cognitive impairment, and few involved training among healthy elderly people.

Resumo Antecedentes Atualmente, estão em alta estudos que utilizam video games para melhorar as funções cognitivas em idosos. Objetivo Investigar e avaliar os efeitos de intervenções cognitivas com video games na cognição de idosos saudáveis publicadas nos últimos dez anos. Métodos Estudo de revisão sistemática com análise qualitativa realizado entre julho e setembro de 2021, das bases de dados SciELO, LILACS e MEDLINE. Resultados Foram identificados 262 estudos na busca inicial. Após a exclusão de estudos duplicados, análise dos títulos e resumos, e análise integral dos estudos, nove estudos foram incluídos na revisão. Os objetivos de alguns estudos incluíam investigar os efeitos na cognição de programas de treino cognitivo (TC) com video games comparados aos de programas com jogos de entretenimento ou com jogos com baixa intensidade de TC. Apesar do crescente número de estudos, muitos centravam-se na reabilitação cognitiva em idosos com algum comprometimento cognitivo e poucos realizaram o treino em idosos saudáveis. Conclusão Pelos estudos analisados, as intervenções de TC com video games apresentaram melhorias significativas na velocidade de processamento (VP) e na memória operacional (MO); por outro lado, não foram observadas melhorias nas funções executivas.

Sentidos do Trabalho para Brasileiros de Meia-Idade: Um Estudo Fenomenológico / Senses of Work for Middle-Aged Brazilians: A Phenomenological Study / Sentidos del Trabajo para Brasileños de Mediana Edad: Un Estudio Fenomenológico

O envelhecimento progressivo da sociedade demanda maior atenção aos aspectos profissionais de pessoas de meia-idade. Este estudo objetivou compreender os sentidos que 10 brasileiros entre 50 e 59 anos atribuem ao trabalho em um momento de transição de carreira. Trata-se de uma pesquisa fenomenológica, que empregou narrativas compreensivas individuais, elaboradas a partir de um encontro dialógico com cada participante, cujos sentidos e vivências compuseram uma narrativa síntese, representativa do todo. Os elementos estruturantes foram: a) transição profissional como fator de sofrimento; b) construção da identidade pessoal e social por meio do trabalho; c) trabalho como fonte de propósito de vida; d) trabalho como principal espaço de interação social; e) trabalho como recurso financeiro e subsistência foram discutidos a partir da Abordagem Experiencial de Gendlin. Descrevem-se tensões, desafios e a importância existencial do trabalho como mediador de sentidos. Fica evidenciada a necessidade de melhor preparo para transições laborais nessa fase de vida.

The progressive aging of society demands greater attention to the professional aspects of middle-aged people. This study aimed to understand the meanings that 10 Brazilians between 50 and 59-years old attribute to work in a moment of career transition. It is a phenomenological research that used individual comprehensive narratives, elaborated from a dialogical encounter with each participant, whose meanings and experiences comprised a synthesis narrative, representative of the whole. The structuring elements: a) professional transition as a factor of suffering; b) construction of personal and social identity through work; c) work as a source of life purpose; d) work as the main space for social interaction; e) work as a financial resource and subsistence were discussed based on Gendlin's Experiential Approach. Tensions, challenges and the existential importance of work as a meaningfulness mediator are described. The need for better preparation for work transitions in this stage of life is shown.

El progresivo envejecimiento de la sociedad exige una mayor atención a los aspectos profesionales de las personas de mediana edad. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo comprender los significados que 10 brasileños entre 50 y 59 años atribuyen al trabajo en un momento de transición profesional. Se trata de una investigación fenomenológica que utilizó narrativas comprensivas individuales, elaboradas a partir de un encuentro dialógico con cada participante, cuyos significados y vivencias conformaron una narrativa de síntesis, representativa del todo. Los elementos estructurantes: a) la transición profesional como factor de sufrimiento; b) construcción de identidad personal y social a través del trabajo; c) el trabajo como fuente de propósito de vida; d) trabajar como espacio principal de interacción social; e) el trabajo como recurso financiero y la subsistencia se discutieron sobre la base del Enfoque Experiencial de Gendlin. Se describen tensiones, desafíos y la importancia existencial del trabajo como mediador de significados. Se evidencia la necesidad de una mejor preparación para las transiciones laborales en esta etapa de la vida.

The potential of salivary albumin to degrade composite resin / Albumina salivar: investigando seu potencial de degradar resinas compostas

ABSTRACT Albumin is a salivary enzyme capable of cleaving ester linkages and catalyzing degradation of resin-based dental materials. However, the effect of concentration-dependent esterolytic action on composite resins as yet remains unexplored. Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether artificial saliva formulations with different concentrations of albumin affected the surface roughness, flexural strength and microhardness of a composite resin. Materials and Method: Specimens (25x2x2mm) of a nanofilled composite (Filtek Z350XT, 3M/ESPE) were prepared and analyzed for average surface roughness (Ra/pm). The specimens were then allocated to 6 groups (n=30), to be treated with different salivary albumin concentrations: 0, 10, 50, 100, 200, 400 pg/mL. The specimens were stored in their respective artificial saliva groups, half of them for 24 h and the remainder for 180 days (artificial saliva renewed weekly), after which they were submitted to a new Ra reading, and tested for three-point flexural strength (FS, MPa). The specimens stored for 180 days were analyzed for Knoop microhardness (KH, Kg/mm2). Data were submitted to two-way ANOVA (Ra and FS) and one-way ANOVA (KH). Results: Although Ra increased (p < 0.001) and FS decreased (p < 0.001) from 24 hours to 180 days of storage, the albumin concentration did not significantly affectRa (p = 0.168), FS (p = 0.477) or KH (p = 0.378). Conclusion: The esterolytic action of albumin did not increase the artificial-saliva-induced hydrolytic degradation of the composite resin.

RESUMO Albumina, uma enzima encontrada na saliva, é capaz de clivar ligagoes éster e catalisar a degradando de materiais dentários á base resina. Apesar da agao esterolítica ser potencialmente concentragao-dependente, a investigando desse efeito sobre resinas compostas ainda permanence inexplorado. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar se formulagoes de saliva artificial contendo diferentes concentragoes de albumina afetariam a rugosidade superficial, a resistencia flexural e a microdureza de uma resina composta. Materials e Método: Corpos de pro-va em barra (25x2x2mm) foram confeccionados a partir de uma resina composta nanoparticulada (Filtek Z350XT, 3M/ESPE) e foram submetidos á leitura de rugosidade superficial média inicial (Ra, pm), em rugosímetro. Entao, as amostras foram divididas em 6 grupos (n=30) de acordo com a concentrando de albumina na saliva: 0, 10, 50, 100, 200, 400 pg/mL. As amostras foram armazenadas nas formulagoes de saliva artificial correspondente ao seu grupo, metade por 24 h e as demais por 180 dias (com trocas de saliva semanais). As amostras foram submetidas a no-vas leituras de rugosidade (Rafinal) e avaliadas quanto á resistencia flexural de tres pontos (RF, MPa). As amostras armazenadas por 180 dias foram avaliadas quanto á microdureza Knoop (KH, Kg/mm2). Os dados foram submetidos a análises de variáncia a dois critérios (Ra e RF) e a um critério (KH). Resultados: Apesar de haver aumento na Ra (p < 0,001) e uma diminuigao da RF (p < 0,001) de 24 h para 180 dias, a concentragao de albumina nao afetou significativamente a Ra (p = 0,168), a RF (p = 0,477) ou a KH (p = 0,378). Conclusoes: A agdo esterolítica da albumina nao aumentou a degradagao hidrolítica da resina composta induzida pela saliva artificial.

Efectos de la menopausia temprana en la función pulmonar: revisión integrativa / Effects of early menopause on lung function: an integrative review

La menopausia provoca cambios hormonales y alteraciones sistémicas. La menopausia normal sucede entre los 45-55 años y la menopausia temprana (MT) se desarrolla antes de los 45 años. Revisar la evidencia que señala posibles asociaciones entre la MT y la función pulmonar, analizando específicamente aquellos componentes que se encuentran alterados. Se eligieron estudios transversales y revisiones sistemáticas, en inglés, portugués y español. La búsqueda se realizó de marzo a noviembre de2022, en PubMed y Scopus, aemás de búsquedas manuales. La calidad metodológica fue analizada utilizando la escala Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology para los estudios observacionales, y el Ameasurement Tool to Assess Systematic Review para las revisiones. Se encontraron 698 estudios, 12 seleccionados para calificación metodológica, cinco excluidos. Al final del análisis metodológico, se obtuvieron seis estudios transversales y una revisión sistemática, llevados a cabo en Reino Unido, Europa y Asia. Hay una tendencia para asociación de la MT a un patrón ventilatorio restrictivo. Sin embargo la evidencia sigue siendo escasa y se sugiere la realización de nuevos estudios.

Menopause causes hormonal changes and systemic alterations. Normal menopause is when this event occurs between the ages of 45 and 55, and early menopause (EM) when it develops earlier than 45 years. To review the evidence that indicates possible associations between EM and lung function, specifically analyzing those components that are altered. Cross-sectional and systematic reviews studies, published from 2000-2022, in English, Portuguese and Spanish were selected from March to November 2022, in PubMed and Scopus and through manual searches. Methodological quality was assessed using the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology scale for observational studies, and the Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Review for reviews. 698 studies were found, 12 were selected for methodological quality review and 5 were excluded. At the end of methodological analysis, 6 cross-sectional studies and 1 systematic review were obtained, carried out in United Kingdom, Europe and Asia. There is a tendency for EM to be associated with restrictive ventilatory pattern. However, the evidence is scarce and further studies are suggested.

Influencia de la salud oral en la calidad de vida de los adultos mayores: una revisión sistemática

Objetivo: analizar cómo interfieren las diversas dimensiones de la salud oral en la calidad de vida de las personas mayores. Método: se realizó una revisión sistemática en las bases bibliográficas Medline, LILACS, SciELO y EBSCO Dentistry & Oral Sciences, para ello se utilizó la estrategia de búsqueda: aged OR aging AND "oral health" OR dentistry OR "geriatric dentistry" OR "dental care" OR "dental care for aged" OR "mouth diseases" OR "tooth diseases" OR "tooth loss" OR "facial pain" OR "oral hygiene" AND "quality of life" OR "health status" OR "self concept" OR "health services needs and demand" OR "personal satisfaction" OR "attitude to health" OR "risk factors" OR "age factors" OR "health status indicators" AND "sickness impact profile" OR "health surveys" OR "need essessment" OR "surveys and questionnaires" OR "reproducibility of results". Resultados: De los 1.356 registros identificados 14 artículos fueron incluidos para el análisis. Se evidenció, mediante la evaluación bucal clínica y las encuestas de autopercepción de la salud oral, que existe una asociación entre la salud oral y la calidad de vida de las personas mayores. Conclusiones: el deterioro de la calidad de vida de las personas mayores es causado, principalmente, por la pérdida de dientes.

Objective: To analyze how the various dimensions of oral health interfere with the quality of life of older adults. Method: a systematic review was carried out in the bibliographic databases Medline, LILACS, SciELO and EBSCO Dentistry & Oral Sciences using the search strategy: aged OR aging AND "oral health" OR dentistry OR "geriatric dentistry" OR "dental care" OR "dental care for aged" OR "mouth diseases" OR "tooth diseases" OR "tooth loss" OR "facial pain" OR "oral hygiene" AND "quality of life" OR "health status" OR "self concept" OR "health services needs and demand" OR "personal satisfaction" OR "attitude to health" OR "risk factors" OR "age factors" OR "health status indicators" AND "sickness impact profile" OR "health surveys" OR "need assessment" OR "surveys and questionnaires" OR "reproducibility of results". Results: Of the 1,356 records identified, 14 articles were included for the analysis. Clinical oral evaluation and oral health self-perception surveys demonstrated the association between oral health and quality of life in older adults. Conclusions: the deterioration of the quality of life of older adults is mainly caused by the loss of teeth.

Microcirculatory changes as a hallmark of aging in the heart and kidney / Cambios microcirculatorios como sello distintivo del envejecimiento en el corazón y riñón

SUMMARY: Changes in the microcirculation of multiple tissues and organs have been implicated as a possible mechanism in physiological aging. In particular, vascular endothelial growth factor is a secretory protein responsible for regulating angiogenesis via altering endothelial proliferation, survival, migration, extracellular matrix degradation and cell permeability. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of vascular endothelial growth factor in the progression of morphological alterations caused by physiological aging in the heart and kidney and to examine its relation to changes in capillary density. We used two age groups of healthy Wistar rats - 6- and 12-month- old. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor was examined through immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence and assessed semi-quantitatively. Changes in capillary density were evaluated statistically and correlated with the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor. We reported stronger immunoreactivity for vascular endothelial growth factor in the left compared to the right ventricle and also observed an increase in its expression in both ventricles in older animals. Contrasting results were reported for the renal cortex and medulla. Capillary density decreased statistically in all examined structures as aging progressed. The studied correlations were statistically significant in the two ventricles in 12-month-old animals and in the renal cortex of both age groups. Our results shed light on some changes in the microcirculation that take place as aging advances and likely contribute to impairment in the function of the examined organs.

Los cambios en la microcirculación de múltiples tejidos y órganos se han implicado como un posible mecanismo en el envejecimiento fisiológico. En particular, el factor de crecimiento endotelial vascular es una proteína secretora responsable de regular la angiogénesis mediante la alteración de la proliferación endotelial, la supervivencia, la migración, la degradación de la matriz extracelular y la permeabilidad celular. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el papel del factor de crecimiento del endotelio vascular en la progresión de las alteraciones morfológicas causadas por el envejecimiento fisiológico en el corazón y riñón y examinar su relación con los cambios en la densidad capilar. Utilizamos dos grupos de ratas Wistar sanas: 6 y 12 meses de edad. La expresión del factor de crecimiento del endotelio vascular se examinó mediante inmunohistoquímica e inmunofluorescencia y se evaluó semicuantitativamente. Los cambios en la densidad capilar se evaluaron estadísticamente y se correlacionaron con la expresión del factor de crecimiento del endotelio vascular. Informamos una inmunorreactividad más fuerte para el factor de crecimiento endotelial vascular en el ventrículo izquierdo en comparación con el derecho y también observamos un aumento en su expresión en ambos ventrículos en animales mayores. Se informaron resultados contrastantes para la corteza renal y la médula. La densidad capilar disminuyó estadísticamente en todas las estructuras examinadas a medida que avanzaba el envejecimiento. Las correlaciones estudiadas fueron estadísticamente significativas en los dos ventrículos en animales de 12 meses y en la corteza renal de ambos grupos de edad. Nuestros resultados arrojan luz sobre algunos cambios en la microcirculación que tienen lugar a medida que avanza el envejecimiento y probablemente contribuyan a un deterioro en la función de los órganos examinados.

Importancia nutricional en el manejo de sarcopenia en adultos mayores

El envejecimiento produce cambios en la fisiología, tanto en órganos como en sistemas del cuerpo humano, es común observar que la desnutrición es prevalente en el adulto mayor lo que da lugar a una pérdida de masa y fuerza muscular de forma progresiva traducida clínicamente por una disminución involuntaria de peso que se acompaña de deterioro cognitivo, predisponiendo a este grupo vulnerable a padecer sarcopenia que se asocia frecuentemente con fragilidad, discapacidad y mortalidad en los adultos mayores. Objetivo. Analizar la importancia de la nutrición en el manejo de la sarcopenia en los adultos mayores. Metodología. Se trata de un estudio de tipo descriptivo, direccionado a la revisión y análisis de investigaciones publicadas en bases de datos científicas de alto impacto, el idioma portugués fue uno de los criterios de exclusión, así como publicaciones inferiores al año 2018. Se identificaron 195 registros de los cuales 145 fueron excluidos al pasar un primer filtro de acuerdo con los criterios de exclusión. Fueron elegidos 15 artículos. Conclusión. Se establece que la sarcopenia puede estar presente tanto en pacientes con desnutrición como con obesidad, sin embargo, la terapia nutricional de rescate se basa en una dieta hiperproteica que no sobrepase el rango entre 1 a 1.6 gr/kg/día y que se acompañe de ejercicio físico periódico. La sarcopenia es un trastorno que puede considerarse propio del envejecimiento, las comorbilidades y trastornos dietéticos traducidos en un IMC de sobrepeso u obesidad complican la situación de salud del adulto mayor.

Aging produces changes in physiology, both in organs and systems of the human body, it is common to observe that malnutrition is prevalent in the elderly which results in a progressive loss of muscle mass and strength clinically translated by an involuntary decrease in weight that is accompanied by cognitive impairment, predisposing this vulnerable group to suffer from sarcopenia which is frequently associated with frailty, disability and mortality in older adults. Objective. To analyze the importance of nutrition in the management of sarcopenia in older adults. Methodology. This is a descriptive type study, directed to the review and analysis of research published in high impact scientific databases, Portuguese language was one of the exclusion criteria, as well as publications less than the year 2018. A total of 195 records were identified, 145 of which were excluded after passing a first filter according to the exclusion criteria. Fifteen articles were selected. Conclusion. It is established that sarcopenia can be present in both patients with malnutrition and obesity, however, rescue nutritional therapy is based on a hyperprotein diet that does not exceed the range between 1 to 1.6 g/kg/day and is accompanied by periodic physical exercise. Sarcopenia is a disorder that can be considered typical of aging, comorbidities and dietary disorders translated into an overweight or obese BMI complicate the health situation of the older adult.

O envelhecimento produz mudanças na fisiologia, tanto nos órgãos quanto nos sistemas do corpo humano. É comum observar que a desnutrição é predominante nos idosos, o que resulta em uma perda progressiva de massa e força muscular, traduzida clinicamente por uma perda de peso involuntária acompanhada de comprometimento cognitivo, predispondo esse grupo vulnerável à sarcopenia, que é frequentemente associada à fragilidade, à incapacidade e à mortalidade em adultos mais velhos. Objetivo. Analisar a importância da nutrição no tratamento da sarcopenia em idosos. Metodologia. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, voltado para a revisão e análise de pesquisas publicadas em bases de dados científicas de alto impacto, tendo o português como um dos critérios de exclusão, bem como publicações inferiores a 2018. Foram identificados 195 registros, dos quais 145 foram excluídos após passarem por um primeiro filtro de acordo com os critérios de exclusão. Quinze artigos foram selecionados. Conclusões. Está estabelecido que a sarcopenia pode estar presente em pacientes com desnutrição e obesidade; no entanto, a terapia nutricional de resgate é baseada em uma dieta hiperproteica que não excede a faixa de 1 a 1,6 g/kg/dia e é acompanhada de exercícios físicos regulares. A sarcopenia é um distúrbio que pode ser considerado uma característica do envelhecimento; as comorbidades e os distúrbios alimentares que resultam em um IMC com sobrepeso ou obesidade complicam a situação de saúde do adulto mais velho.

Trends and Race/Ethnic Differences in Levels of TC/HDL-C Ratio in the US Among Individuals Aged 6-80 Years: NHANES 2005-2020.

Objective: Reliable and disaggregated population-based data for cholesterol trends are needed to evaluate overall cardiovascular health, assess the effects of nutritional policies and pharmacological interventions, and guide priority setting. This study aimed to examine the trends and differences in serum total cholesterol-to-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC/HDL-C) ratio among U.S. residents by race/ethnicity. Study Design and Setting: Blood lipid measurements, taken from 53,964 noninstitutionalized participants, aged 6 to 80, were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) study. We described the distributions of TC/HDL-C ratio across the life span in four distinct cross-sectional surveys during 2005-2008, 2009-2012, 2013-2016, and 2017-2020, and compared the ratio levels by race/ethnicity. Results: Between 2005 and 2020, favorable trends in lipid ratio levels were observed. In youth aged < 20 years, mean TC/HDL-C ratios were 3.17, 3.15, 3.02, and 3.06 in males; and 3.12, 3.13, 3.03, and 3.02 in females from 2005 to 2020. In adults 20 years old and older, mean TC/HDL ratios declined from 4.30 in 2005-2008, to 4.27 in 2009-2012, 4.17 in 2013-2016, to 3.96 in 2017-2020 in males; while mean TC/HDL-C ratios declined from 3.67 in 2005-2008, to 3.66 in 2009-2012, to 3.54 in 2013-2016, to 3.46 in 2017-2020 in females. Overall, non-Hispanic black individuals tended to have lower mean TC/HDL ratio levels than other groups, while Mexican American individuals tended to have higher TC/HDL ratio levels on average. Conclusion: Further research is needed to determine how racial/ethnic differences in cholesterol ratio affect racial/ethnic differences in cardiovascular disease rates.

Acesso às práticas corporais/atividade física durante o ciclo da vida: relato de idosas aposentadas / Access to body practices/physical activity during the life cycle: report of retired elderly women

O objetivo foi verificar o acesso às práticas corporais/atividade física (PCAF) ao longo da vida de idosas aposentadas participantes de um grupo de PCAF. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo com 16 mulheres idosas com idade entre 65 a 75 anos, selecionadas por conveniência, participantes de um grupo de PCAF de uma Unidade Básica de Saúde de Londrina, Paraná. As informações foram coletadas a partir de entrevistas com roteiro semiestruturado, conduzidas individualmente pelo profissional responsável pelo grupo. Os dados foram analisados por elementos da análise de conteúdo pelo sistema de categorias. Três categorias de análise foram consideradas: infância/adolescência; idade adulta; e terceira idade. Na infância/adolescência as mulheres relataram que não tiveram incentivo de seus pais, bem como não tiveram educação física na escola. Na fase adulta, a falta de tempo e de incentivo dos parceiros, além do desconhecimento de atividades ofertadas foram relatadas pelas mulheres. Somente a partir da terceira idade, especialmente após a aposentadoria, com a melhora da condição financeira e com o fato de terem maior tempo livre, as mulheres indicaram uma melhora no acesso, inclusive com a possibilidade da participação no grupo de PCAF. Em geral os resultados revelaram a dificuldade do acesso dessas mulheres às PCAF ao longo de suas vidas e reforçam a importância de ações e políticas públicas que busquem aumentar o incentivo e o acesso as PCAF ao longo da vida das mulheres

The objective was to verify the access to body practices/physical activity (BPPA) throughout the life of retired elderly women participating in a group of BPPA. This is a qualitative study with 16 elderly women aged between 65 and 75 years, selected for convenience, participants of a PCAF group at a Public Health Centre in Londrina, Brazil. The information was collected from interviews with a semi-structured script, which were conducted individually by the professional responsible for the group and analyzed from the content analysis by the category system. Three analysis categories were considered: childhood/adolescence; adulthood; and Old age. In childhood/adolescence, the women reported that they had no encouragement from their parents and had no physical education at school. In adulthood, lack of time and lack of encouragement from partners, in addition to the lack of knowledge of activities offered, were reported by women. Only from old age, especially after retirement, with the improvement of the financial condition and the fact of having more free time, the women indicated an improvement in the access to physical activity, including the possibility of participating in the PCAF group. In general, the results revealed the difficulty of these women's access to PCAF throughout their lives and reinforce the importance of public actions and policies that seek to increase incentives and access to PCAF throughout women's lives

Frailty syndrome, feelings of impotence and functional capacity in elderly patients with venous ulcers / Síndrome de fragilidade, sentimento de impotência e capacidade funcional em idosos portadores de úlcera venosa

Introduction: Chronic venous ulcers have a negative impact on the physical, psychic, and social domains, affecting the quality of life of patients, especially the elderly. This study aimed to assess frailty, functional capacity, and feelings of helplessness in older people with venous ulcers. Method: 112 older people were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of venous ulcers. All patients were interviewed using the Edmonton Frail Scale (EFS), Health Assessment Questionnaire-20 (HAQ20), and the Impotence Feelings Measurement Instrument (IMSI) from May 2017 to August 2018. Results: Regarding the EFS score, 76.8% of patients with venous ulcers were classified as vulnerable and frail, compared to 28.6% of patients in the group without ulcers. Scores on the HAQ-20 showed statistically significant differences between groups in all categories of the instrument, indicating that older people with venous ulcers had reduced general functional capacity compared to older people without ulcers. The mean IMSI score was 41.2 for the group with venous ulcers and 33.4 for the group without ulcers. Conclusion: Venous ulcers had a negative impact on functional capacity and increased frailty and feelings of powerlessness in the elderly.

Introdução: Úlceras venosas crônicas exercem impacto negativo nos domínios físico, psíquico e social, afetando a qualidade de vida de pacientes, especialmente os idosos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o nível de fragilidade, capacidade funcional e sentimento de impotência em idosos com úlcera venosa. Método: Um total de 112 idosos foram distribuídos em dois grupos de acordo com a presença ou ausência úlcera venosa. Todos os pacientes foram entrevistados utilizando-se os questionários Edmonton Frail Scale (EFS), Health Assessment Questionnaire-20 (HAQ-20) e o Instrumento de Medida de Sentimento de Impotência (IMSI) no período de maio de 2017 a agosto de 2018. Resultados: Em relação à pontuação na EFS, 76,8% dos pacientes com úlcera venosa foram classificados como vulneráveis e frágeis, em comparação a 28,6% dos pacientes do grupo sem úlcera. Pontuações no HAQ-20 mostraram diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre os grupos em todas as categorias do instrumento, indicando que idosos com úlcera venosa apresentavam redução da capacidade funcional geral em comparação aos idosos sem úlcera. A pontuação média para o IMSI foi de 41,2 para o grupo com úlcera venosa e 33,4 para o grupo sem úlcera. Conclusão: Úlceras venosas causaram impacto negativo na capacidade funcional e aumento de fragilidade e sentimento de impotência nos idosos.