ABSTRACT

Resumo Objetivo Investigar as evidências de validade da Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) para análise da prevalência de sintomas de depressão, ansiedade e estresse em uma amostra de trabalhadores de enfermagem brasileiros. Métodos Estudo transversal, com amostragem não-probabilística. Participaram do estudo 4053 trabalhadores de enfermagem brasileiros. As propriedades psicométricas da DASS-21 foram avaliadas por meio de análise da validade baseada na estrutura interna (validade de construto fatorial, convergente e discriminante; invariância do modelo fatorial; confiabilidade); validade baseada nas relações com medidas externas (validade convergente positiva e negativa dos fatores depressão, ansiedade e estresse com os construtos prejuízo emocional, satisfação no trabalho e variáveis individuais e ocupacionais); validade baseada no padrão de resposta aos itens do instrumento (análise da função diferencial dos itens em subgrupos distintos). A confiabilidade dos dados foi atestada por meio da estimação do coeficiente alfa ordinal e da confiabilidade composta. A prevalência de sintomas de depressão, ansiedade e estresse foi estimada a partir das recomendações dos autores originais da DASS-21. Resultados Durante a validação da estrutura interna, a análise fatorial confirmatória revelou que o modelo original da DASS-21 apresentou ajustamento adequado para a amostra e foi atestada a invariância de medida forte do modelo entre grupos distintos. A análise baseada em medidas externas mostrou que os fatores depressão, ansiedade e estresse apresentaram correlações positivas e moderadas-fortes com o domínio prejuízo emocional e correlações negativas e moderadas com o construto satisfação no trabalho. A análise do padrão de repostas aos itens comprovou a uniformidade e a estabilidade do instrumento para a amostra. Quanto aos sintomas, destaca-se a alta prevalência de níveis extremamente graves de depressão, ansiedade e estresse entre os participantes. Conclusão A DASS-21 apresentou adequada validade e confiabilidade para a avaliação de sintomas de depressão, ansiedade e estresse entre trabalhadores de enfermagem brasileiros.

Resumen Objetivo Investigar las evidencias de validez de la Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) para analizar la prevalencia de síntomas de depresión, ansiedad y estrés en una muestra de trabajadores de enfermería brasileños. Métodos Estudio transversal con muestreo no probabilístico. Participaron en el estudio 4053 trabajadores de enfermería brasileños. Se evaluaron las propiedades psicométricas de la DASS-21 mediante el análisis de validez basada en le estructura interna (validez del constructo factorial, convergente y discriminante; invarianza del modelo factorial; fiabilidad), validez basada en las relaciones con medidas externas (validez convergente positiva y negativa de los factores depresión, ansiedad y estrés con los constructos daño emocional, satisfacción en el trabajo y variables individuales y laborales), validez basada en el patrón de respuesta a los ítems del instrumento (análisis de la función diferencial de los ítems en subgrupos distintos). Se comprobó la fiabilidad de los datos mediante la estimación del coeficiente alfa ordinal y la fiabilidad compuesta. La prevalencia de síntomas de depresión, ansiedad y estrés se estimó a partir de las recomendaciones de los autores originales de la DASS-21. Resultados Durante la validación de la estructura interna, el análisis factorial confirmatorio reveló que el modelo original de la DASS-21 presentó un ajuste adecuado para la muestra y se comprobó la invarianza de medida fuerte del modelo entre grupos distintos. El análisis basado en las medidas externas mostró que los factores depresión, ansiedad y estrés presentan correlaciones positivas y moderadas-fuertes con el dominio daño emocional y correlaciones negativas y moderadas con el constructo satisfacción en el trabajo. El análisis del patrón de respuestas de los ítems comprobó la uniformidad y la estabilidad del instrumento para la muestra. Respecto a los síntomas, se destaca la alta prevalencia de niveles extremadamente graves de depresión, ansiedad y estrés entre los participantes. Conclusión La DASS-21 presentó validez y fiabilidad adecuada para evaluar síntomas de depresión, ansiedad y estrés entre trabajadores de enfermería brasileños.

Abstract Objectives To investigate the validity evidence of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and to analyze the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms in a sample of Brazilian nursing workers. Methods This was a cross-sectional study with non-probability convenience sampling. A total of 4053 Brazilian nursing workers participated in the study. The psychometric properties of DASS-21 were assessed by analysis of the validity based on the internal structure (factorial, convergent, and discriminant construct validity, invariance of the factorial model, and reliability); relationships with external measures (positive and negative convergent validity of the depression, anxiety, and stress factors with the emotional impairment, job satisfaction, and individual and occupational variables); and response process of the items (analysis of the differential item functioning in distinct subgroups). Data reliability was certified by estimating the ordinal alpha coefficient and the composite reliability. The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms was estimated based on recommendations from the original authors of DASS-21. Results During validation of the internal structure, the confirmatory factor analysis showed that the fit of the sample to the original DASS-21 model was adequate and the strong measurement invariance of the model was confirmed in different groups. Analysis based on external measures showed that the depression, anxiety, and stress factors had positive and moderate-strong correlations with the emotional impairment domain and negative and moderate correlations with the job satisfaction construct. Analysis of the pattern of response to items confirmed the uniformity and stability of the instrument for the sample. Regarding symptoms, the high prevalence of extremely severe levels of depression, anxiety, and stress was highlighted among participants. Conclusion DASS-21 presented adequate validity and reliability to assess depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms among Brazilian nursing workers.

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: avaliar ansiedade, estresse e depressão antes e após o treinamento físico em acometidos pela Covid-19. Método: estudo quase-experimental realizado em Goiânia com pacientes que tiveram Covid-19 moderada a grave, após internação. Investigou-se ansiedade, estresse e depressão por meio da DASS-21. Os participantes realizaram dezoito sessões de treinamento físico, três vezes/semana composto por exercícios aeróbios, resistidos e de flexibilidade. Utilizou-se teste Shapiro Wilk para distribuição e os testes t pareado e Wilcoxon com nível de significância de p<0,05 para comparações. Resultado: participaram dezessete indivíduos com 55,59(±5,20) anos, predominantemente mulheres (64,7%), média de dezessete dias internados, maioria obesos (52,9%) com alguma doença prévia à Covid-19 (76,5%). Houve redução da ansiedade (mediana de 9,0 para 2,0 [p=0,001]), estresse de 10,0 para 2,0 (p=0,001) e depressão de 6,0 para 2,0 (p<0,001) após treinamento físico. Conclusão: o treinamento físico foi eficaz para melhora da ansiedade, estresse e depressão após dezoito sessões.

Objective: to assess anxiety, stress and depression before and after physical training in people affected by Covid-19. Method: a quasi-experimental study carried out in Goiania with patients who had moderate to severe Covid-19 after hospitalization. Anxiety, stress and depression were investigated using the DASS-21. The participants underwent eighteen physical training sessions, three times a week, consisting of aerobic, resistance and flexibility exercises. The Shapiro Wilk test was used for distribution and the paired t-test and Wilcoxon test with a significance level of p<0.05 were used for comparisons. Results: seventeen individuals took part, aged 55.59 (±5.20) years, predominantly women (64.7%), an average of seventeen days in hospital, the majority obese (52.9%) with some illness prior to Covid-19 (76.5%). There was a reduction in anxiety (median from 9.0 to 2.0 [p=0.001]), stress from 10.0 to 2.0 (p=0.001) and depression from 6.0 to 2.0 (p<0.001) after physical training. Conclusion: physical training was effective in improving anxiety, stress and depression after eighteen sessions.

Objetivo: evaluar la ansiedad, el estrés y la depresión antes y después del entrenamiento físico en afectados por la Covid-19. Método: estudio cuasi-experimental realizado en Goiânia con pacientes que tuvieron Covid-19 moderada a grave, tras hospitalización. Se investigó la ansiedad, el estrés y la depresión mediante el DASS-21. Los participantes realizaron dieciocho sesiones de entrenamiento físico, tres veces por semana compuesto por ejercicios aeróbicos, de resistencia y de flexibilidad. Se utilizó la prueba Shapiro Wilk para distribución y las pruebas t pareada y Wilcoxon con nivel de significancia de p<0,05 para comparaciones. Resultado: participaron diecisiete individuos con 55,59 (±5,20) años, predominantemente mujeres (64,7%), media de diecisiete días hospitalizados, mayoría obesos (52,9%) con alguna enfermedad previa a la Covid-19 (76,5%). Hubo reducción de la ansiedad (mediana de 9,0 a 2,0 [p=0,001]), estrés de 10,0 a 2,0 (p=0,001) y depresión de 6,0 a 2,0 (p<0,001) tras el entrenamiento físico. Conclusión: el entrenamiento físico fue eficaz para mejorar la ansiedad, el estrés y la depresión después de dieciocho sesiones.

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Anxiety, depression and stress are becoming more and more frequent, especially since the COVID-19 health crisis. The main objective of this study was to analyse the predictive power of age, gender, emotional intelligence, and resilience with respect to anxiety, depression, and stress-related symptoms in a Spanish population sample. Method: A total of 427 Spanish participants, between 18 and 83 years of age, were assessed through self-report instruments (TMMS-24; BRCS; BASS-21). Hierarchical regression models (HRM) and non-linear methodologies (qualitative comparative analysis or QCA models) are used. Results: The HRM showed that emotional attention, clarity, and repair significantly predicted anxiety, depression, and stress. Gender also played a significant role, with women showing higher levels of anxiety and stress. Age and resilience were not significant predictors in the HRM. However, the QCA models revealed more nuanced interactions: high depression was linked to young age, high emotional attention, and low emotional clarity and repair. High anxiety was predicted by being female, young, with low emotional regulation, and high emotional attention. High stress was associated with being female, low resilience, and high emotional attention. Conversely, low levels of depression, anxiety, and stress were consistently associated with high resilience and emotional clarity and regulation. Conclusions: We consider these results to be of great interest for gaining a deeper understanding of the interaction between the variables under study. In this way, it will be possible to design more effective interventions that benefit from the maximum knowledge regarding the role of these variables.

Resumen Introducción: La ansiedad, la depresión y el estrés son cada vez más frecuentes, especialmente desde la crisis sanitaria del COVID-19. El objetivo principal de este artículo es analizar el poder predictivo de la edad, el sexo, la inteligencia emocional y la resiliencia respecto a los síntomas ansiosos, depresivos y el estrés en una muestra de población española. Método: Un total de 427 participantes españoles, con edades entre 18 y 83 años, fueron evaluados mediante instrumentos de autoinforme (TMMS-24; BRCS; BASS-21). Se utilizan modelos de regresión jerárquica (RLJ) y metodologías no lineales (modelos de análisis comparativo cualitativo o QCA). Resultados: Los RLJ mostraron que la atención emocional, la claridad y la reparación predecían significativamente la ansiedad, la depresión y el estrés. El género también desempeñó un papel significativo, ya que las mujeres mostraron mayores niveles de ansiedad y estrés. La edad y la resiliencia no fueron predictores significativos en la HRM. Sin embargo, los modelos QCA revelaron otras interacciones: la depresión estaba relacionada con una menor edad, la atención emocional alta y la claridad y la reparación emocional bajas. La ansiedad elevada se predijo por ser mujer, joven, con baja regulación emocional y alta atención emocional. El estrés elevado se asoció con ser mujer, tener baja resiliencia y una atención emocional elevada. Por el contrario, los niveles bajos de depresión, ansiedad y estrés se asociaron de forma consistente con una alta resiliencia y claridad y regulación emocional. Conclusiones: Consideramos que estos resultados son de gran interés para profundizar en el conocimiento de la interacción entre las variables objeto de estudio. De este modo, será posible diseñar intervenciones más eficaces que se beneficien del máximo conocimiento sobre el papel de estas variables.

ABSTRACT

Background: Traditionally, extracts of Passiflora mollisima leaves are used as anxiolytics, but the existing metabolites are unknown. Objectives: To identify by UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS some of the metabolites and the anxiolytic activity of the leaf extract. Materials and Methods: The extract was subject to UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis and administered intraperitoneally (VIP) to 4 groups of mice: G1: white group 0.1mL of saline solution, G2: positive control group 1mg Kg¯¹ of diazepam and to treatment groups, namely, G3 50 mg Kg¯¹ and G4 100 mg Kg¯¹ and anxiety levels were evaluated with the light/dark transition test for mice. Results: Six flavone C-glycosides were tentatively identified, namely vicenin 2, lucenin 2, schaftoside, orientin, vitexin, and glucopyranosyl methyl luteolin. Lower levels of anxiety were observed in animals of groups G3 and G4 based on the number of transitions, with a mean of 11±2 and 21±2, respectively, compared to G1, which was 2±1 (p<0.05). The groups displayed a significant difference among them (p<0.05). There was an increase in the total time spent in darkness in G3 and G4 Passiflora-treated mice with a mean of 70±8 and 113±8 respectively, compared to G1, which was 8±1 with a p<0.05. Conclusion: The metabolites identified have biological activities, neuroprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and anticancer effects. The results of the effects of the 50mg Kg¯¹ and 100 mg Kg¯¹ doses of ethanolic extract of Passiflora mollisima leaves significantly decreased anxiety levels (p<0.05). This information contributes towards its further use in a therapeutic, clinical setting.

Tradicionalmente, extractos de hojas de Passiflora mollisimason utilizados como ansiolíticos, pero se desconocen los metabolitos existentes. Objetivos: Identificar por UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS algunos de los metabolitos y la actividad ansiolítica del extracto de las hojas. Materiales y Métodos: El extracto se sometió a análisis UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS y se administró por vía intraperitoneal (VIP) a 24 ratones: Grupo 1 0.1 mL de sodio cloruro 0,9%. Grupo 2 control positivo 1 mg kg ̄¹ de diazepam. Y a Grupo 3 dosis de 50 mg kg ̄¹ y Grupo 4 dosis de 100 mg kg ̄¹ del extracto. Los niveles de ansiedad se evaluaron con la prueba de transición luz/oscuridad. Resultados: Se identificaron seis glucósidos C de flavona, vicenina 2, lucenina 2, schaftósido, orientina, vitexina y glucopiranosil metil luteolina. Se observaron menores niveles de ansiedad en los animales del grupo G3 y G4 en función del número de transiciones, con una media de 11±2 y 21±2, respectivamente, en comparación con G1 que fue de 2±1 (p<0,05). Los grupos mostraron diferencia significativa entre ellos (p<0,05), el tiempo total pasado en la oscuridad por los ratones G3 y G4 fué mayor con una media de 70±8 y 113±8 respectivamente, en comparación con G1 que fue de 8±1 con una p<0,05. Conclusión: Los metabolitos identificados se han relacionado con un amplio espectro de actividades biológicas, incluidas actividades neuroprotectoras, así como efectos antioxidantes, antiinflamatorios, antibacterianos y anticancerígenos. Los resultados de los efectos de las dosis de 50 y 100 mg Kg ̄¹ de extracto etanólico de hojas de Passiflora mollisima disminuyeron significativamente los niveles de ansiedad (p<0,05), Esta información contribuye a su uso posterior en un entorno clínico terapéutico.

ABSTRACT

Introdução: Existe uma ligação entre a ansiedade e a microbiota intestinal, e pesquisas evidenciam que o uso de prebióticos e probióticos podem ser estudados como uma terapia alternativa para a ansiedade patológica. Objetivo: Esta revisão integrativa objetiva buscar estudos científicos que apresentam os potenciais efeitos benéficos dos prebióticos e dos probióticos sobre a ansiedade. Metodologia:Para a seleção dos estudos foram utilizadas as bases de dados: Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Sistema de Análise e Recuperação da Literatura Médica on-line (Medline), PubMed eBiblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), trazendo artigos originais dos últimos 5 anos. Resultados:A ministração de alguns prebióticos e probióticos como exemplo a Bifidobacteriume os Lactobacilluspor um período pré-definido, mostrou que o uso traz efeitos benéficos para a redução dos níveis da ansiedade patológica e podem ser eficazes em pacientes que possuem alguma comorbidade associada como a obesidade, o Alzheimer eodiabetes. Conclusões:Os resultados encontrados pelos estudos demonstraram que após o uso de prebióticos e probióticos por um determinado tempo obtiveram resultados positivos na diminuição dos sintomas da ansiedade (AU).

Introduction:There is a correlation between anxiety and the intestinal microbiota, and several research projects indicate that prebiotics and probiotics usage may be a viable alternative therapy for pathological anxiety.Objective:This integrative review seeks to identify scientific studies that explore the potential beneficial effects of prebiotics and probiotics on anxiety.Methodology:The following databases were utilized to identify pertinent studies: Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online(Medline), PubMed, and Virtual Health Library (VHL), which collectively provide access to original articles from the last five years.Results:The administration of specific prebiotics and probiotics, notably Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, for a predefined period, has yielded evidence that their use can effectively reduce pathological anxiety levels. Furthermore, these findingssuggest that their efficacy may extend to patients with comorbidities such as obesity, Alzheimer's disease, and diabetes. Conclusions:The findings of the studies indicated that following the administration of prebiotics and probiotics for a designated period, there was a discernible reduction in anxiety-related symptoms (AU).

Introducción: Existe un vínculo entre la ansiedad y la microbiota intestinal, y las investigaciones demuestran que el uso de prebióticos y probióticos puede estudiarse como terapia alternativa para la ansiedad patológica. Objetivo: Esta revisión integradora tiene como objetivo buscar estudios científicos que presenten los posibles efectos beneficiosos de los prebióticos y probióticos sobre la ansiedad. Objetivo: Esta revisión integradora tiene como objetivo buscar estudios científicos que presenten los posibles efectos beneficiosos de los prebióticos y probióticos sobre la ansiedad. Metodología: Para la selección de los estudios se utilizaron las siguientes bases de datos: Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud (LILACS), Sistema de Análisis y Recuperación de Literatura Médica en Línea (Medline), PubMed y Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS). ), trayendo artículos originales de los últimos 5 años. Resultados: La administración de algunos prebióticos y probióticos, como Bifidobacterium y Lactobacillus, durante un período predefinido, demostró que su uso tiene efectos beneficiosos en la reducciónde los niveles de ansiedad patológica y puede ser eficaz en pacientes que tienen alguna comorbilidad asociada, como la obesidad. , Alzheimer, diabetes. Conclusiones: Los resultados encontrados por los estudios demostraron que después de usar prebióticos yprobióticos durante un cierto período de tiempo, se lograron resultados positivos en la reducción de los síntomas de ansiedad (AU).

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) affects the jaw and muscles, often linked to stress, anxiety, and sleep issues. Comprehensive care addressing physical and psychological factors improves outcomes. Objective: This study proposed a multidisciplinary approach (psychologists, dentists, and physical therapists) to treat these conditions with non-pharmacological techniques, aiming for a more effective and personalized treatment. Method: The research was conducted at the Sacomã Basic Health Unit in São Paulo, Brazil, and included 12 healthcare professionals in an active intervention and 6 patients as a control group during 1 month. The intervention consisted of four weekly one-hour sessions and home therapies sent via WhatsApp, utilizing stretching, mindfulness, thermotherapy, self-massage, and cognitive-behavioral therapy. Participants completed pre- and post-intervention questionnaires on depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-7), bruxism (OBC), and pain (GCPS and Pain Drawing). Results: The interventions resulted in significant reductions in the PHQ-9 (p=0.028), GAD-7 (p=0.039), OBC (p=0.015), and PD (p=0.016) scales, demonstrating the positive impact of group dynamics. Additionally, there was a decrease in pain and an improvement in the quality of life of the participants. Conclusion: Despite sample limitations, the data indicate that multidisciplinary interventions can effectively manage TMD, resulting in reduced pain and associated symptoms. The approach showed potential to improve patients' quality of life, highlighting the importance of integrated and personalized treatment. Future studies with larger samples and extended follow-up are necessary to validate these findings and expand the applicability of the nterventions. (AU)

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: The Short Health Anxiety Inventory is a commonly used tool for assessing health anxiety, but its psychometric properties and internal structure have not been examined in a Latin American Spanish-speaking population. This study aimed to establish the psychometric properties among Colombian university students. Method: The goodness of fit of four latent structure models of the Short Health Anxiety Inventory was tested using confirmatory factor analysis in a sample of 1004 Colombian university students. Results: The results show that the original model's structure does not fit well (CFI = .808; RMSEA = .074), and the reliability was .796 and .703 for the original two variables. Conclusions: The findings do not support the utilization of the Colombian version of the Short Health Anxiety Inventory by researchers and clinicians among Colombian university students.

Resumen Introducción: El Short Health Anxiety Inventory es una herramienta común para evaluar la ansiedad relacionada con la salud, pero sus propiedades psicométricas y estructura interna no han sido evaluadas en una población latinoamericana de habla hispana. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo establecer las propiedades psicométricas en estudiantes universitarios colombianos. Método: Se evaluó la bondad de ajuste de cuatro modelos de estructura latente del Short Health Anxiety Inventory, mediante análisis factorial confirmatorio, en una muestra de 1004 estudiantes universitarios colombianos. Resultados: La estructura no se ajusta al modelo original (CFI = .808; RMSEA = .074) y la confiabilidad fue de .796 y .703 para las dos variables originales. Conclusiones: Los resultados no respaldan el uso de la versión colombiana del Short Health Anxiety Inventory entre estudiantes universitarios colombianos, tanto para investigadores como para clínicos.

ABSTRACT

Resumen Antecedentes: existe una estrecha relación entre salud mental y estilos de alimentación. Indicadores de salud mental como sintomatología ansiosa y depresiva han reportado efectos directos sobre estilos de alimentación que promueven la malnutrición por exceso como la alimentación emocional o restrictiva. Se analizó el efecto de la sintomatología ansiosa y depresiva sobre los estilos de alimentación en mujeres y hombres del norte y centro de Chile. Método: participaron 910 adultos residentes en el norte y centro de Chile; se aplicó el Cuestionario Holandés de Conducta Alimentaria (DEBQ), así como el Inventario de Ansiedad de Beck (BAI) y el Inventario de Depresión de Beck-II (BDI-II). El análisis del modelo global de la relación entre variables se realizó mediante modelos de ecuaciones estructurales. Resultados: el modelo global presentó adecuados indicadores de bondad de ajuste; la sintomatología ansiosa tuvo un efecto directo y significativo sobre la alimentación emocional, alimentación externa y alimentación restrictiva. Por su parte, la sintomatología depresiva no presentó efectos significativos sobre ningún estilo de alimentación. Conclusiones: a medida que aumentan los niveles de ansiedad, aumentan los niveles de todos los estilos de alimentación. La depresión podría interactuar mediando la relación por el contexto emocional que genera la sintomatología depresiva.

Abstract Introduction: There is a close relationship between mental health and eating styles. Mental health indicators such as anxious and depressive symptomatology have reported direct effects on eating styles that promote excess malnutrition such as emotional or restrictive eating. The aim was to analyze the effect of anxious and depressive symptomatology on eating styles in women and men from northern and central Chile. Method: Nine hundred and ten adults living in northern and central Chile participated in the study. The Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) were administered. The analysis of the global model of the relationship between variables was carried out using structural equation modeling. Results: The structural model presented adequate goodness-of-fit indicators, anxious symptomatology had a direct and significant effect on emotional eating, external eating and restrictive eating. On the other hand, depressive symptomatology, did not present significant effects on any eating style. Conclusions: As anxiety levels increase, levels of all eating styles increase. Depression, could interact mediating the relationship by the emotional context that generates the depressive symptomatology.

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Adverse or favourable rearing conditions early in life affect emotional response during adolescence. To study the effect of early rearing on emotional response, animal models such as maternal separation (MS) and social enrichment (SE) by community nesting have been useful. However, the comparison of the effect of MS and SE on anxiety-related behaviours in adolescent rats is unknown. Objective: This study aimed to assess the effects of MS and SE on the emotional response of adolescent rats exposed to the elevated plus-maze test (EPM). Method: Pregnant Wistar rats were randomly distributed into three groups according to the rearing condition. In the MS group, pups were separated daily from their dams for 180 minutes, from postnatal day (P) 2 to 14. In the SE group, two females that gave birth synchronously were housed in a cage with a litter of eight pups. Females from control standard housing (SH) were individually housed and kept with their offspring until weaning (P23). On P32, anxiety-related measures were evaluated using an EPM. Results: MS and SE increase anxiety-related behaviours and locomotion in rats exposed to the EPM. SE had sex-dependent effects on anxiety-related measures, increasing vertical activity in females and horizontal activity in males. MS but not SE increased body weight gain in female rats. Conclusion: Adverse or favourable rearing conditions early in life may result in an increased anxiety phenotype in the EPM during adolescence. It is likely that the favourable effect of SE depends on the number of dams per communal nest.

Resumen Introducción: Las condiciones de crianza adversas o favorables en etapas tempranas de la vida afectan la respuesta emocional durante la adolescencia. Para estudiar el efecto de la crianza temprana sobre la respuesta emocional, han sido útiles modelos animales como la separación materna (SM) y el enriquecimiento social (ES) mediante anidamiento comunitario. Sin embargo, se desconoce la comparación del efecto de la SM y el ES sobre las conductas relacionadas con la ansiedad en ratas adolescentes. Objetivo: Este estudio pretende evaluar los efectos de la SM y el ES sobre la respuesta emocional de ratas adolescentes expuestas al test del laberinto en cruz elevado (EPM). Método: Las ratas Wistar preñadas se distribuyeron aleatoriamente en tres grupos según la condición de crianza. En el grupo SM, las crías fueron separadas diariamente de sus madres durante 180 minutos, desde el día postnatal (P) 2 hasta el 14. En el grupo ES, dos hembras que parieron de forma sincronizada se alojaron en una caja con una camada de ocho crías. Las hembras del alojamiento estándar de control (SH) se alojaron individualmente y se mantuvieron con sus crías hasta el destete (P23). En P32, se evaluaron las medidas relacionadas con la ansiedad mediante un EPM. Resultados: La SM y el ES aumentan las conductas relacionadas con la ansiedad y la locomoción en las ratas expuestas al EPM. El ES tuvo efectos dependientes del sexo en las medidas relacionadas con ansiedad, aumentando la actividad vertical en las hembras y la actividad horizontal en los machos. La SM, pero no el ES, incrementó la ganancia de peso corporal en las ratas hembra. Conclusiones: Condiciones de crianza adversas o favorables en etapas tempranas de la vida pueden dar lugar a un fenotipo de ansiedad aumentado en el EPM durante la adolescencia. Es probable que el efecto favorable del ES dependa del número de hembras por nido comunitario.

ABSTRACT

Educational transitions are pivotal moments in the professional journey of junior college educators, often accompanied by varying levels of stress, anxiety, and a plethora of professional growth. This exploratory study, titled "Examining Stress, Satisfaction and Professional Growth among Junior College Educators," endeavours to delve into the multifaceted experiences of junior college teachers during periods of educational change. The primary aim of this study is to analyze the stress, anxiety, and professional growth of junior college educators. To achieve this, the study sets out the following objectives: first, to understand the demographic profile of junior college teachers in Mumbai and its suburbs; second, to investigate the levels of stress and anxiety experienced by junior college educators during educational transitions and third, to explore stress coping mechanisms employed by junior college educators. The methodology used and ethical considerations were meticulously adhered to, with informed consent obtained from each participant. A sample size of 200 junior college educators was randomly selected, ensuring a diverse representation, from which 107 (53.5%) are female and 93 (46.5%) are male. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were established to ensure the relevance and validity of the data collected, which included the teachers who didn't sign the consent form and were not considered as samples. The age group of 21 - 60yrs. was taken into consideration. Data collection was carried out through a multi-method approach, incorporating a self-constructed questionnaire which was validated by the mentor, observation method, interviews, the Cornell Modified Discomfort Questionnaire (CMDQ), and adapted the Job Stress Questionnaire (JSQ). These tools enabled a comprehensive exploration of the experiences and perceptions of junior college educators. Data was analyzed employing simple Microsoft Excel and statistics. The findings delineated the stressors, professional growth, level of satisfaction, and coping strategies prevalent in this population, valuable insights are gleaned for the development of tailored support mechanisms aimed at bolstering the well-being and resilience of junior college educators.

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A deficiência auditiva (DA), ao impactar a capacidade de percepção auditiva, afeta a socialização, e está relacionada aos estados emocionais e qualidade de vida. Objetivo: Descrever estados emocionais e qualidade de vida de pessoas idosas com DA pré e pós uso do dispositivo eletrônico de amplificação sonora (DEAS). Método: Estudo descritivo, de corte longitudinal e abordagem quantitativa, composto por amostra de conveniência de 20 idosos com DA (50% homens), com média de idade de 75,8 anos (DP = 8,5), que estavam em processo de adaptação ao uso do dispositivo eletrônico de amplificação sonora - DEAS, que responderam aos instrumentos: Questionário de dados sociodemográficos, Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressão (HAD) e Qualidade de Vida no Idoso (WHOQOL-OLD), pré e pós trinta dias de uso de DEAS por meio de comparação estatística. Resultados: Comparativamente, conforme os dois momentos, houve melhorias em redução de escore de ansiedade e depressão com o uso de DEAS, outrossim melhora da qualidade de vida, principalmente em participação social. Conclusão: O uso do DEAS demonstrou impacto positivo na vida da pessoa idosa, por meio da redução de indicadores de depressão e de ansiedade e demonstrou aumento nos escores de qualidade de vida. (AU)

Introduction: Hearing loss (HL), by impacting the auditory perception, affects socialization, and is related to emotional states and quality of life. Objective: To describe emotional states and quality of life of older adults with HL before and after the use of hearing aids (HA). Method: This is a descriptive, longitudinal study with a quantitative approach, consisting of a convenience sample of 20 older adults with HL (50% men), with a mean age of 75.8 years (SD = 8.5), who were in the process of adapting to the use of the HA, who answered the following instruments: Sociodemographic Data Questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD) and Quality of Life in the Elderly (WHOQOL-OLD), before and after thirty days of HA use, by means of statistical comparison. Results: Comparatively, according to the two moments, there were improvements in the reduction of anxiety and depression scores with the use of HA, as well as an improvement in quality of life, especially in social participation. Conclusion: The use of HA was an improvement on the life of the older adults, through the reduction of depression and anxiety indicators, and has demonstrated superior scores in quality of life. (AU)

Introducción: La hipoacusia, al impactar en la capacidad de percepción auditiva, afecta la socialización, y se relaciona con los estados emocionales y la calidad de vida. Objetivo: Describir los estados emocionales y la calidad de vida de ancianos con hipoacusia antes y después del uso de audífonos. Método: Estudo descritivo, de corte longitudinal e abordagem quantitativa, composto por amostra de conveniência de 20 idosos com DA (50% homens), com média de idade de 75,8 anos (DP = 8,5), que estavam em processo de adaptação ao uso de audífonos, que responderam aos instrumentos: Cuestionario de datos sociodemográficos, Escala Hospitalaria de Ansiedad y Depresión (HAD) y Calidad de Vida en el Anciano (WHOQOL-OLD), antes y después de treinta días de uso, mediante comparación estadística. Resultados: Comparativamente, según los dos momentos, hubo mejoras en la reducción de las puntuaciones de ansiedad y depresión con el uso de audífonos, así como una mejora en la calidad de vida, especialmente en la participación social.Conclusión: El uso de audífonos ha demostrado un impacto positivo en la vida de los ancianos, a través de la reducción de los indicadores de depresión y ansiedad, y ha demostrado puntuaciones aumentadas en calidad de vida. (AU)

ABSTRACT

Introduction: anxiety and depression disorders represent important pathological mental health conditions with an increasing prevalence worldwide. As well as obesity, which has an estimated prevalence of 18.9% in the Brazilian population. Such pathological situations are quite harmful to health, and may or may not be associated with each other. However, the identification of the occurrence of both disorders in obese people is negatively affected due to the need for more expanded diagnostic studies. Given this pathological potential to derogate health, the coexistence between the aforementioned disorders in obese people deserves an in-depth look by health professionals, especially those involved in primary care. Objective: was to analyze the evidence on the prevalence of anxiety and depression disorders in obese patients. Methods: scope review, registered in PROSPERO and prepared according to PRISMA-ScR, based on the research question structured in the acronym PVO, from which the descriptors used in the Boolean search for scientific articles were extracted, which were evaluated and selected blindly among the evaluators, based on in the eligibility criteria. The databases consulted in January 2023 were Pubmed (Medline), Web of Science and Scopus. The assessment of the methodological quality or risk of bias of the articles was carried out using the Critical Assessment of Studies with Prevalence Data (CASPD-JBI) tool. Results: nine articles were included, bringing together female participants (64%) and men (36%) with different classes of obesity, aged between 20 and 40 years. The simultaneous coexistence of anxiety and depression in obese people has been identified. Among the studies included, 56% were evaluated with high methodological quality and 44% were with moderate quality. Conclusion: although more studies with greater methodological rigor are still needed, we consider that the concomitant prevalence of anxiety and depression disorders is high in patients with different levels of obesity, especially in those with severe obesity. This suggests the inclusion of the evaluation of these psychological disorders in the evaluation portfolio of obese people, for a better therapeutic approach.

Introdução: os transtornos de ansiedade e depressão representam importantes condições patológicas de saúde mental com uma crescente prevalência mundial. Assim como a obesidade, que apresenta na população brasileira uma prevalência estimada de 18,9%. Tais situações patológicas são bastante prejudiciais à saúde, e podem estar associadas ou não entre si. Entretanto, a identificação da ocorrência entre ambos os transtornos em obesos encontra-se afetada negativamente devido à necessidade de mais estudos de diagnósticos ampliados Dado a esse potencial patológico depreciativo da saúde, a coexistencialidade entre os referidos transtornos em obesos, merece um olhar aprofundado por parte dos profissionais da saúde, em especial aqueles envolvidos nos cuidados primários. Objetivo: analisar as evidências sobre a prevalência de transtornos de ansiedade e depressão em pacientes obesos. Método: revisão de Escopo, registrada no PROSPERO e elaborada conforme PRISMA-ScR, a partir da questão de pesquisa estruturada no acrônimo PVO, da qual foram extraídos os descritores utilizados na busca booleana pelos artigos científicos, que foram avaliados e selecionados de forma cega entre os avaliadores, com base nos critérios de elegibilidade. As bases de dados consultadas em janeiro de 2023 foram PubMed (Medline), Web of Science e Scopus. A avaliação da qualidade metodológica ou risco de viés dos artigos foi realizada por meio da ferramenta Critical Assessment of Studies with Prevalence Data (CASPD-JBI). Resultados: foram incluídos nove artigos, reunindo participantes do sexo feminino (64%) e homens (36%) com diferentes classes de obesidade, com idade entre 20 e 40 anos. A coexistência simultânea de ansiedade e depressão em pessoas obesas foi identificada. Dentre os estudos incluídos, 56% foram avaliados com alta qualidade metodológica e 44% foram com qualidade moderada. Conclusão: embora ainda sejam necessários mais estudos com maior rigor metodológico, consideramos que a prevalência concomitante dos transtornos de ansiedade e depressão seja elevada nos pacientes com diferentes níveis de obesidade, especialmente nos portadores de obesidade grave. O que sugere a inclusão da avaliação destes transtornos psíquicos no portifólio avaliativo de obesos, para melhor abordagem terapêutica.

ABSTRACT

Uncontrolled population growth has raised serious concerns among future policymakers. Although fertility rate has declined substantially over time, in developing countries the rate is still very high. Most of these countries face serious issues such as; severe poverty, malnutrition, unemployment, homelessness, financial insecurity, and medical insufficiency, leading to psychological distress. This article explores the mechanisms of psychological stress and its potential effects on human fertility. An attempt is made to differ from the existing claim that stress is anti-steroidogenic. This counter was based on earlier studies on adaptation of acute stress and overcoming stress stimuli. Which have asserted that individual adaptive abilities can alter the negative outcome of psychological stress depending on genetic, environmental, and behavioural factors. One of such adaptations comes from mitochondrial efficiency. An extensive energy demand during stress is achieved through competitive mitochondrial biogenesis. Earlier studies have noted that psychological stress triggers mitochondrial biogenesis. Thus, theoretically, mitochondrial biogenesis may also contribute in augmenting quality of sperm. In conclusion, stress induced biogenesis of mitochondria may contribute in enhancing fertility. Future studies on the degree of psychological stress and its possible retaliation through mitochondrial biogenesis, and subsequent responses to metabolic, and mechanical pathways, would open new avenues in understanding human fertility.

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the fear, anxiety, and knowledge level in women who underwent gynecological surgical procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 188 women who underwent a gynecologic surgical operation in Muğla, Turkey. Data were collected by using demographics and obstetric detail form, questionnaire on knowledge, attitudes, and practice toward COVID-19, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-I (STAI-I). RESULTS: Most of the women perceived their surgical process as very urgent. Women felt fear mostly for being infected with the virus, and they were afraid of transmitting COVID-19 to another one. The COVID-19 knowledge scores of women who had undergone cancer surgery were statistically significantly higher than others (p=0.017). The STAI-I scores of women increased as their COVID-19 knowledge scores increased (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that women were afraid of COVID-19 infection during gynecological operation and due to hospitalization, sociodemographic characteristics affected the knowledge levels about COVID-19 infection, and the anxiety levels of the women. Planning appropriate interventions to decrease the fear and anxiety of women who undergo gynecological surgery during the pandemic is important to ensure that women adhere to their treatment and follow-up in the postoperative period.

ABSTRACT

Studies demonstrated that many elderly individuals suffer from depressive and anxiety disorders. The drugs used to treat these disorders cause adverse effects such as sedation, gastrointestinal discomfort, and locomotor deficits, which are often responsible for treatment abandonment. Literature data also describe that older people may be refractory to pharmacological treatments used to combat depressive and anxiety disorders, which is potentially worrying due to the suicide risk associated with these conditions. Previous research reported the medicinal plant's beneficial potential in psychiatric disease treatment due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic actions. This paper reviews the Alpinia zerumbet actions, a medicinal plant with antidepressant and anxiolytic effects, through increases in noradrenergic neurotransmission and decreases oxidative stress on the central nervous system by increasing antioxidant activity. Moreover, Alpinia zerumbet also causes a reduction in IL-6 and elevates BDNF levels in the hippocampus, contributing to its antidepressant, anxiolytic, and anti-inflammatory actions. The adverse effects reduction, combined with the fact that there is no toxicity when ingested by humans and increased longevity, suggests that this medicinal plant is promising for older individuals treatment who suffer from depression and anxiety.

ABSTRACT

Background: Premenstrual Syndrome occurs during the luteal phase of menstrual Periods. Premenstrual disorder (PMD) is a psyconeuroendocrine disorder with an unknown cause and consists of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). The present study aimed to study the factors associated with PMS (Premenstrual syndrome) and PMDD in adolescent and young women. Methods: This cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was carried out between 2019 to 2020. After considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria, adolescent and young women screened for PMS were enrolled. Following the acquisition of informed consent, 197 participants were assessed using the ACOG’s PMS guideline. Then, the DSM IV-based premenstrual symptom screening test (PSST) was used to ask specific questions regarding the previous three menstrual cycles. p-value<0.05 was considered significant. The statistical analysis was done by using SPSS Windows software. Results: The Affective symptoms like angry outbursts, Anxiety, and Irritability where p-value<0.001, <0.001, and 0.003, respectively, of the participants were significantly more associated with PMS (n=190 or 96.5%) and PMDD (n=7 or 3.55%). In the somatic symptoms, Headache and Weight gain were found to have a significant association (p-value 0.004 & 0.001 respectively). Height weight and BMI (p-value 0.001, 0.28, 0.005 respectively) were also significantly associated with PMS and PMDD. Conclusions: This study concluded that BMI, affective symptoms (Anger outbursts, irritation, and anxiety), and somatic symptoms (headache and weight gain) were significantly associated with and most prevalent in adolescent girls and young women with PMS and PMDD. So, there is a need for weight management and emotional support for women who have premenstrual illnesses, especially those who have PMDD

ABSTRACT

Background: Children diagnosed with cancer pose signicant challenges to their families, impacting them physically, psychologically, economically, and behaviourally. These effects manifest as increased vulnerability and a decline in the overall quality of life and functioning within the family unit. However, despite these challenges, families and caregivers of paediatrics cancer patients can adapt to the difculties associated with the diagnosis and medical treatment. Parents, who play a central role in the care of their children, are particularly affected when faced with the diagnosis of a chronic illness. It is noteworthy that parents may display physical and emotional symptoms, including a sense of loss of control, diminished self-esteem, depression, and anxiety. Moreover, they face an elevated risk of developing mental health issues. Therefore, it is crucial to assess the mental health status of parents and address their specic care giving needs. The present study aims to assess the level of stress and anxiety among the caregivers of children with cancer.Aims:- Methodology: A cross sectional study was carried out. Sample size was calculated to be 100 using the formula n=Za 2 pq/d2 taking p=0.412%. The stress of caregiver was assessed by using rating scale and the Anxiety was assessed by using Beck Anxiety Inventory scale. : Majority of study subject were in the age of 29-33 years (70%), and majority were HinduResult (58%).63% Of the caregivers live as a nuclear family.36% were having income level Rs.10001-15000. For assessing the level of stress the score is divided into three groups mild (0-17), moderate (18-35), severe (36-50) in the same way the score of anxiety is also divided into three group (0-21) mild anxiety, (22- 35) is moderate anxiety and 36 and above is severe anxiety, in the present study 13% caregivers mild stress and 18% caregivers shows low level of anxiety, 61% had moderate stress and 53% had moderate anxiety and 26% had severe stress and 29 % had potentially concerning level of anxiety. The result shows that average level of stress level was 28.73 with standard deviation of 9.83.the minimum score was 14 with maximum score of 48 simultaneously the average anxiety level was 32.20 with standard deviation of 12.03. The minimum score of anxiety was 14 with maximum score of 62.Stress and Anxiety was found to be signicantly association with the demographic variables like occupation, income and stage of cancer. The study nding shows that there is signicant correlation andConclusion: association between stress and anxiety among the caregivers of children with cancer.

ABSTRACT

Trauma affects children from all communities and regions. Among nursing students, the prevalence of childhood trauma is a concern that can have long-lasting effects on their mental health and well-being. Childhood trauma refers to experiences of physical, emotional, or sexual abuse and neglect during childhood. The prevalence of childhood trauma among nursing students has significant implications for their mental health and well-being. Various factors contribute to childhood trauma among nursing students, such as personal and family issues, environmental factors etc. Understanding the prevalence of childhood trauma among nursing students is crucial for healthcare institutions and educators to develop appropriate support systems and interventions that address the unique challenges faced by this population

ABSTRACT

Background: Anxiety transcends a natural emotion, evolving into a pathological condition with the potential to trigger cascading cardiovascular and psychiatric disorders. Although conventional allopathic medicine offers treatment options, concerns regarding their side effects and long-term efficacy remain prevalent. Medicinal plants contain natural compounds that may be promising sources of therapeutic drugs. Aims and Objectives: This study aims to compare the anxiolytic potential of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Ocimum sanctum (OS). The growing appeal of plant-based therapies for anxiety stems from perceived advantages in safety and tolerability compared to synthetic drugs. Materials and Methods: The anxiolytic activity of aqueous and ethanolic extract of OS is evaluated with an elevated plus maze test. A total of 36 Wistar albino rats (150–200 g) were used and randomly divided into six groups of six animals each. The effects of the test drug at different doses, 100 and 200 mg/kg, were compared with the standard anxiolytic drug diazepam at 2 mg/kg body weight and the control group using distilled water at 0.5 mL/kg body weight. Results: The behavioral changes suggested reduced anxiety and open- arm exploration in plus-maze indicates reduced anxiety in animals treated with OS extracts. The changes are significantly (P < 0.001) comparable with the standard drug diazepam. Conclusion: The ethanolic extracts of OS are more significant than aqueous extracts for evaluating anti-anxiety activity in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, ethanolic extracts are more likely to contain a wider range of bioactive compounds, which are thought to be responsible for the anti-anxiety effects of OS.

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción: Los residentes de neurología se ven enfrentados a situaciones ocasionalmente asociadas a agotamiento laboral, cansancio emocional, despersonalización y menor sensación de eficacia en sus funciones académicas y laborales, por lo que objetivo de este artículo fue describir la prevalencia y los factores asociados del síndrome de burnout en residentes de Neurología en Colombia. Materiales y métodos: Mediante una encuesta autoadministrada se obtuvo información de 134 residentes de Neurología de Colombia. Se incluyeron datos correspondientes a variables sociodemográficas y aquellas incluidas en la escala Maslach Burnout Inventory. Resultados: En los residentes evaluados predominó el género femenino (55,2 %), con un promedio de edad de 29,77 años, DE ± 3,172. La mayoría de los residentes pertenecen a programas privados, de los cuales la Universidad Simón Bolívar representa el mayor porcentaje. En líneas generales, los residentes entrevistados tienen bajo cansancio emocional, un nivel intermedio-bajo de despersonalización y un nivel alto de satisfacción personal. Discusión: Al analizar los resultados se determinó que los residentes reportaron niveles importantes de despersonalización y cansancio emocional, lo que puede indicar el inicio de burnout. Esto se asocia quizás al exigente entorno académico y a la carga laboral inapropiada de los residentes. Conclusiones: Se concluye que los residentes tienen un bajo porcentaje burnout y una baja probabilidad de despersonalización.

Abstract Background: Neurology residents are faced with situations occasionally associated with job burnout, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a lower sense of efficacy in their academic and work functions. The purpose of this research has been to describe the prevalence and associated factors of Burnout syndrome in Neurology residents in Colombia. Materials and methods: Through a self-administered survey, information was obtained from 134 neurology residents in Colombia. Data corresponding to sociodemographic variables and those included in the Maslasch Burnout inventory scale were included. Results: Among the residents evaluated, the female gender predominated (55.2%), with an average age of 29.77 years SD ± 3.172. Most of the residents belong to private programs of which the Simón Bolívar University represents the highest percentage. In general terms, the residents interviewed have low emotional exhaustion, an intermediate-low level of depersonalization, and a high level of personal satisfaction. Discussion: When analyzing the results, it was determined that the residents reported significant levels of depersonalization and emotional exhaustion, which may indicate the onset of burnout. This is perhaps associated with the demanding academic environment and inappropriate workload of the residents. Conclusion: It is concluded that residents have a low burnout rate and a low probability of depersonalization.