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ABSTRACT A patient presented with corneoscleral thinning five months after the treatment of suspected ocular squamous surface neoplasia with mitomycin-C and interferon. For tectonic and aesthetic purposes, we decided to perform lamellar corneoscleral transplantation. The approach used established new tectonic support and corneal homeostasis. This technique might be an option in similar cases.
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Introducción. El carcinoma de células escamosas es una patología relativamente frecuente en Paraguay, que debe ser diagnosticada y tratada a tiempo. La variedad sarcomatoide es un subtipo poco frecuente, pero mucho más agresivo que la presentación convencional, con altas tasas de recurrencia y metástasis linfática. La exposición previa a radiación es uno de los principales factores desencadenantes. Caso clínico. Paciente de 83 años con antecedente de radioterapia por carcinoma escamocelular del paladar blando, quien consultó por una masa en el borde lateral de la lengua que correspondió a un carcinoma escamocelular del subtipo sarcomatoide. Resultados. El paciente fue sometido a cirugía y quimioterapia, pero presentó recaída tumoral a los cuatro meses, sin aceptar una cirugía de rescate, optando por el tratamiento paliativo y falleciendo a los pocos meses. Conclusión. El examen exhaustivo de la cavidad oral en una primera consulta permite identificar lesiones en estadios tempranos y el tratamiento multidisciplinario temprano puede mejorar la supervivencia global. El pronóstico de estos pacientes en estadios avanzados es desalentador. Actualmente la cirugía microvascular es la mejor opción terapéutica, pero la hemiglosectomía sin reconstrucción sigue siendo una opción aceptable en nuestro medio, conociendo los altos costos de la primera y el requerimiento de un grupo mayor de especialistas, largos tiempos quirúrgicos y estancias hospitalarias.
Introduction. Squamous cell carcinoma is a relatively common pathology in Paraguay, which must be diagnosed and treated on time. The sarcomatoid variety is a rare subtype, but much more aggressive than the conventional presentation, with high rates of recurrence and lymphatic metastasis. Previous exposure to radiation is one of the main triggering factors. Clinical case. An 83-year-old patient with a history of radiotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the soft palate, who consulted for a mass on the lateral edge of the tongue that corresponded to a squamous cell carcinoma of the sarcomatoid subtype. Results. The patient underwent surgery and chemotherapy, but had tumor relapse after four months, without accepting salvage surgery, opting for palliative treatment and dying a few months later. Conclusion. Exhaustive examination of the oral cavity in a first consultation allows lesions to be identified in early stages and early multidisciplinary treatment can improve overall survival. The prognosis of these patients in advanced stages is discouraging. Currently, microvascular surgery is the best therapeutic option, but hemiglossectomy without reconstruction continues to be an acceptable option in our environment, knowing the high costs of the former and the requirement for a larger group of specialists, long surgical times and hospital stays.
Subject(s)
Humans , Tongue Neoplasms , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Radiotherapy , Sarcoma , Carcinosarcoma , Neoplasm Recurrence, LocalABSTRACT
This case report underscores the intricate challenges in managing extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) of the vulva, a rare neoplasm with diverse clinical manifestations. The presented case, involving a postmenopausal woman, highlights the complexity of EMPD diagnosis and its association with underlying malignancies, particularly hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Despite initial management with 5% Imiquimod cream, the patient's clinical course revealed the aggressive nature of the disease, as evidenced by the development of invasive HCC. The rapid deterioration and subsequent demise of the patient emphasize the need for comprehensive monitoring and early intervention in cases of EMPD, considering its potential association with internal malignancies. The discussion delves into the typical presentation of Paget's disease, its association with adnexal carcinomas, and the challenging link between EMPD and internal malignancy. The retrospective analysis of cases in the literature further underscores the variability in underlying adnexal carcinoma rates, emphasizing the complexity of this association. In this particular case, immunohistochemical markers failed to establish a direct correlation between vulval EMPD and hepatocellular carcinoma, highlighting the need for continued research and understanding of the intricate pathogenesis of EMPD and its relationship with internal malignancies.
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Fibrosarcoma is a rare, malignant tumor of mesenchymal cell origin which derives from pathologically transformed spindle shaped fibroblasts with an excessively high division rate. There is no reported case of fibrosarcoma of the small intestine as a form of recurrence in carcinoma ovary post cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intra peritoneal chemotherapy (CRS and HIPEC). A 35-year-old female who is a known case of recurrent carcinoma ovary previously treated with cytoreductive surgery and HIPEC presented to emergency with features suggestive of intestinal obstruction. Upon exploration dense bowel adhesion and a segmental stricture with micro perforation without any leakage of intestinal content was discovered at 200 cm from DJ flexure. A diagnosis of fibrosarcoma was made on histopathological analysis. Recurrent carcinoma ovary patient treated with secondary CRS and HIPEC presenting with fibrosarcoma in small intestine is a rare entity and hardly any report in the literature. But appropriate diagnosis and management is the key for the successful outcome which we maintained in our case and managed successfully.
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Resumen Introducción : El carcinoma hepatocelular (HCC) es el cáncer primario más común del hígado y la tercera causa principal de muerte por cáncer en todo el mun do. La resección hepática es el tratamiento de elección para pacientes no cirróticos, mientras que, en cirróticos, la elección depende del estadio tumoral y la función hepática. Métodos : En este estudio retrospectivo realizado en el Hospital El Cruce entre 2015 y 2022, se evaluaron pa cientes con HCC sometidos a resección hepática, tanto cirróticos como no cirróticos. Se analizó la morbimorta lidad, la tasa de recurrencia y la sobrevida. Resultados : Se realizaron 262 hepatectomías, 44 fue ron para tratamiento del HCC, de las cuales 35 fueron hepatectomías menores, y 9 hepatectomías mayores (no cirróticos). La mayoría eran hombres (77%) con una edad promedio de 58.5 años. Hubo 29 pacientes con cirrosis, siendo la hepatitis C (HCV) la causa principal en un 48%, HCV con alcohol como cofactor (21%) y alcohol (17%). La morbilidad fue del 47.7%, con complicaciones menores predominantes. La recurrencia de enfermedad ocurrió en el 59% de los pacientes, y los factores asociados incluyeron tamaño tumoral y niveles elevados de Alfa-fetoproteína. La supervivencia fue mejor en pacientes cirróticos en comparación con no cirróticos. Conclusión : La resección hepática es una opción efectiva para el tratamiento del HCC en pacientes bien seleccionados cirróticos y no cirróticos, con resultados alentadores en términos de supervivencia y control de la enfermedad. Además, se sugiere una vigilancia cercana para detectar recurrencias tempranas y proporcionar tratamientos oportunos.
Abstract Introduction : Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer and the third lead ing cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Hepatic resection is the treatment of choice for non-cirrhotic patients, while in cirrhotic individuals, the choice de pends on tumor stage and liver function. Methods : In this retrospective study conducted at Hospital El Cruce between 2015 and 2022, patients with HCC undergoing hepatic resection, both cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic, were evaluated. Morbidity, mortality, re currence rate, and survival were analyzed. Results : A total of 262 hepatectomies were performed, with 44 for HCC treatment. Among them, 35 were minor hepatectomies, and 9 were major hepatectomies (non-cirrhotic patients). The majority were males (77%) with an average age of 58.5 years. Twenty-nine patients had cirrhosis, with hepatitis C (HCV) being the main cause in 48%, HCV with alcohol as a cofactor (21%), and alcohol alone (17%). Morbidity was 47.7%, with predominance of minor complications. Disease recurrence occurred in 59% of patients, and associated factors included tumor size and elevated AFP levels. Survival was better in cir rhotic patients compared to non-cirrhotic ones. Discussion : Results tion 5837Hepatic resection is an effective option for treating HCC in well-selected cirrho tic and non-cirrhotic patients, with encouraging results in terms of survival and disease control. Additionally, close surveillance for early recurrence detection and timely interventions is suggested.
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El cáncer se caracteriza por la falta de diferenciación citológica, autonomía de la homeostasis local y general; el cáncer bucal ocupa el sexto sitio de frecuencia de todas las áreas del cuerpo. Alrededor de 90% de los tipos histológicos de cáncer en cavidad bucal corresponden a carcinoma bucal de células escamosas (COCE) (AU)
Cancer is characterized by a lack of cytological differentiation, autonomy of local and general homeostasis, and oral cancer ranks sixth frequency site of all areas of the body. About 90% of histologic types of oral cavity cancer are OSCC (AU)
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Humans , Oral Hygiene , Mouth Neoplasms , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/etiology , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
El carcinoma oral de células escamosas o epidermoide o espinocelular, es la neoplasia maligna más común en cavidad oral y orofaringe, representa de 3-5% de todas las neoplasias y da metástasis a los ganglios linfáticos regionales. Los factores de riesgos son múltiples, el consumo excesivo de alcohol y tabaco son los más reconocidos, los movimientos parafuncionales, la higiene y nutrición y por supuesto la genética, todos son factores importantes en el desarrollo de este carcinoma. Tiene una prevalencia mayor en el sexo masculino, aunque en los últimos años se ha visto un aumento en el sexo femenino posiblemente por el aumento en el consumo de alcohol y tabaco. La edad comprende entre la cuarta a sexta década de la vida, por el aumento en el consumo de alcohol y tabaco en este rango de edad. Las localizaciones más comunes son el borde lateral de la lengua y el piso de la boca. La presentación clínica es variable, puede encontrarse en un principio como una placa blanca o roja asintomática, exofítico, ulcerada, granular y bordes indurados. El tratamiento debe ser quirúrgico radical con radio o quimioterapia y el pronóstico depende del tiempo del diagnóstico (AU)
Squamous cell carcinoma, also known as epidermoid or squamous cell carcinoma, is the most common malignant neoplasm in the oral cavity and oropharynx. It represents 3 to 5% of all neoplasms and metastasizes to regional lymph nodes. There are multiple risk factors, with excessive alcohol and tobacco consumption being the most recognized. Parafunctional movements, hygiene and nutrition, and of course genetics, are all important factors in the development of this carcinoma. It has a higher prevalence in males, although in recent years there has been an increase in females, possibly due to increased alcohol and tobacco consumption. The age range typically affected is the 4th to 6th decade of life, due to the increased alcohol and tobacco consumption within this age range. The most common locations are the lateral border of the tongue and the floor of the mouth. The clinical presentation varies and can initially appear as an asymptomatic white or red plaque, exophytic, ulcerated, granular, or with indurated borders. The treatment should involve radical surgery with radiotherapy or chemotherapy, and the prognosis depends on the timing of diagnosis (AU)
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Male , Middle Aged , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/surgery , Alveolar Process/pathology , Biopsy/methods , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnostic imaging , Risk Factors , Age and Sex DistributionABSTRACT
Introducción: El carcinoma de células escamosas de cabeza y cuello, es una malignidad rara en la población pediátrica. Su incidencia ha ido en aumento en las últimas décadas y los principales factores de riesgo descritos son inmunosupresión y transmisión vertical del virus del papiloma humano (VPH). Presentación del caso: presentamos a un paciente masculino de 14 años con historia de 2 años de disfonía intermitente que luego progreso a estridor laríngeo por lo cual se le realizo traqueostomía con micro laringoscopia directa, donde se evidenció una lesión de aspecto verrucoso y bordes irregulares comprometiendo hemilaringe derecha y paralizándola. Se le toma biopsia y se reporta carcinoma de células escamosas moderadamente invasor (p16 positivo). Luego de evaluación multidisciplinaria, tratándose de una enfermedad localmente avanzada, se decide tratamiento con quimio radioterapia definitiva con intención de preservación orgánica. Conclusión: debido a lo poco común del cáncer de laringe en la población pediátrica y la poca evidencia que hay en cuanto a opciones de tratamiento, limita nuestro conocimiento de esta patología solo a reporte de casos y revisiones de la literatura. consideramos necesario realizar este reporte de caso para agregar información sobre esta patología poco común (provisto por Infomedic International)
Introduction: Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck is a rare malignancy in the pediatric population. Its incidence has been increasing in the last decades and the main risk factors described are immunosuppression and vertical transmission of human papillomavirus (HPV). Case presentation: we present a 14-year-old male patient with a 2-year history of intermittent dysphonia that later progressed to laryngeal stridor, for which he underwent tracheostomy with direct micro laryngoscopy, where a lesion of verrucous aspect and irregular borders was evidenced, compromising the right hemilaringeal region and paralyzing it. A biopsy was taken and a moderately invasive squamous cell carcinoma (p16 positive) was reported. After multidisciplinary evaluation, being a locally advanced disease, it was decided to treat with definitive chemo-radiotherapy with the intention of organ preservation. Conclusion: due to the rarity of laryngeal cancer in the pediatric population and the lack of evidence regarding treatment options, our knowledge of this pathology is limited to case reports and literature reviews. We consider it necessary to make this case report to add information on this uncommon pathology. (provided by Infomedic International)
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Abstract Background Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is one of the most common types of skin cancer worldwide. Therefore, the identification of biomarkers associated with CSCC progression could aid in the early detection of high-risk squamous cell carcinoma and the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Objective This study aimed to investigate the expression patterns of silent mating type Information Regulation 2 homolog 6 (SIRT6) in CSCC and its clinical significance. Methods The protein expression level of SIRT6 in tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the correlation between SIRT6 expression and clinicopathological parameters in CSCC patients was analyzed. The relative expression of SIRT6 in CSCC cell lineage and tissue specimens was determined by western blotting and PCR. The effect of SIRT6 silencing on cell proliferation was evaluated using cell counting kit 8. Wound healing, transwell method, and flow cytometry were used to investigate the migration, invasion, and cell cycle distribution/apoptosis of CSCC cells after SIRT6 silencing, respectively. Western blot was used to detect the expression of EMT (Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition), cycle, apoptosis, and other related proteins. Results The high expression of SIRT6 was correlated with the location of cancer tissue and Broder staging in CSCC patients. Knockdown of SIRT6 inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT of CSCC cells, and promoted their apoptosis, with cells blocked in G1 phase. Study limitations No animal experiments were conducted to further verify the results. Conclusion Decreased expression of SIRT6 can inhibit the occurrence and development of CSCC.
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Objetivo: La histoplasmosis es una infección fúngica sistémica prevalente en la región del Río de la Plata. Puede exhibir manifestaciones orales, cutáneas y/o sistémicas. Las lesiones bucales significan un desafío diagnóstico debido a su semejanza clínica con el carcinoma oral de células escamosas (COCE). El objetivo de este trabajo fue presentar una serie de casos de histoplasmosis oral enfatizando la importancia del diagnóstico diferencial clínico con el COCE. Casos clínicos: Se describen casos de histoplasmosis oral diagnosticados en los últimos 5 años en la Cátedra de Estomatología "A" de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina. En forma paralela, se realizó una revisión de la literatura de los últimos 10 años. Los casos corresponden a 9 pacientes, 6 varones y 3 mujeres, cuya edad promedio fue de 58,6 años. 4 pacientes eran VIH positivos. Se planteó la sospecha de COCE en 5 pacientes, cuya presentación clínica intraoral consistía en úlceras o lesiones ulcerovegetantes, mayormente únicas, ubicadas en la encía. La revisión bibliográfica arrojó un resultado de 48 artículos que incluyeron 60 casos de histoplasmosis oral, con una prevalencia mayor en hombres y similitudes clínicas con COCE en el 80% de los casos. La lesión más predominante fue la úlcera en el 85% de los casos, ubicada en lengua, seguido por el paladar. El diagnóstico de histoplasmosis oral es desafiante y requiere un amplio diferencial, ya que se asemeja a múltiples patologías, debiendo ser considerada ante lesiones ulcerativas orales. Un diagnóstico preciso, de manera interdisciplinaria, es esencial para un tratamiento efectivo.(AU)
Aim: Histoplasmosis is a systemic fungal infection prevalent in the Río de la Plata region. It could present oral, cutaneous and/or systemic manifestations. Oral lesions represent a diagnostic challenge due to their clinical similarity to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The objective of this work is to present a case series of oral histoplasmosis emphasizing the importance of clinical differential diagnosis with OSCC. Clinical cases: Cases of oral histoplasmosis diagnosed in the last 5 years in the Oral Medicine Department "A" of the Facultad de Odontología of the Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina are discribed. Alongside, a literature review of the last 10 years was carried out. 9 patients are described, 6 men and 3 women, whose average age was 58.6 years. 4 patients were HIV positive. The suspicion of OSCC was raised in 5 patients, whose intraoral clinical presentation consisted of single ulcers or vegetating ulcers, mostly single, located in the gingiva. The literature review included a total of 48 articles with 60 cases of oral histoplasmosis, with a higher prevalence in men and clinical similarities with OSCC in 80% of cases. The most predominant lesion was the ulcer in 85% of the cases, mostly located on the tongue, followed by the palate. The diagnosis of oral histoplasmosis is challenging and requires a wide differential, since it can mimic multiple pathologies, and should be considered in oral ulcerative lesions. An accurate diagnosis, in an interdisciplinary framework, is essential for effective treatment.(AU)
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Malignant tumours affecting the eyelid mainly include basal cell carcinoma. Non-Hodgkin抯 lymphoma may occur in almost any part of the body and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of extra lymphoid tumours. Non- Hodgkin抯 lymphoma of the eyelid is rare. Rare diseases should be considered in differential diagnoses because they have the tendency for rapid systemic involvement and they may require treatments that are different from the other common diseases. Basal cell carcinoma occurs most frequently at sun-exposed sites, most commonly in the head and neck regions. The aim of any therapy selected for BCC treatment involving the head and neck is to ensure complete removal, functional preservation, and a good cosmetic outcome. Here, we reported a case of a 70-year-old female with non-Hodgkin lymphoma of eyelids followed by basal cell carcinoma of the nose treated with multimodality approach.
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Background: Cervical cancer, the second most common cancer among women globally, causes significant deaths in low- and middle-income countries, including India. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of health education on cervical cancer knowledge among female college students in Nadia district, West Bengal, highlighting the importance of awareness in this priority group. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted at two government colleges in the Nadia District. It involved three steps: initially, a baseline survey was performed using a pretested questionnaire and checklist to gather socio-demographic data and assess students' knowledge of cervical cancer. This was followed by a three-week intervention phase at the study college. Finally, knowledge scores were reassessed post-intervention at both the study and control colleges. Results: Baseline comparisons of socio-demographic characteristics and median knowledge score showed no significant difference between the study and control groups (median scores: 4.50 versus 9.00, p=0.431), indicating comparability. Post-intervention, the study college exhibited a significant increase in knowledge scores (median 19, IQR 9.00-24) compared to the control college (median 8, IQR 2.00-12.75). The control college showed no significant change in median knowledge scores post-intervention (pre-test median 9.00, IQR 3-12; post-test median 8.00, IQR 2-12.75, p=0.320). Conclusions: Structured health education programs with regular reinforcement significantly enhance college students' knowledge of cervical cancer. An integrated approach involving both education and health departments is essential for effective implementation.
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Objective. To analyze whether the COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on the screening, diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer in women up to 50 years of age in the state of Pará. Methods. Retrospective, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, using data from the Information Technology Department of the Brazilian Unified Health System. (DATASUS). The number of exams carried out in the pre-pandemic (2018-2019) and pandemic (2020-2021) period was analyzed based on the percentage variation, application of the chi-square test and G test for the time of exams and start time of treatment. Results. During the pandemic period, there was a greater number of screening mammograms (+3.68%), cytological (+23.68%), histological (+10.7%) and a lower number of diagnostic mammograms (-38.7%). The time interval for carrying out the exams was up to 30 days for screening and diagnostic exams and more than 60 days to start treatment during the pandemic period. Conclusion. Although the results indicate an increase in the number of screening and diagnostic procedures for breast cancer during the pandemic period, with the exception of diagnostic mammography, when considering probability values, the study points out that statistically the COVID-19 pandemic did not interfere with actions of breast cancer, in women over 50 years of age, in the state of Pará. Considering the autonomy of nursing and its role in public health, it is up to the professionals who are in charge of primary care programs to implement contingency plans in periods of crisis so that the population is not left unassisted.
Objetivo. Analizar si la pandemia de COVID-19 tuvo impacto en el tamizaje, diagnóstico y tratamiento del cáncer de mama en mujeres de 50 años y más del Estado do Pará-Brasil. Métodos. Estudio retrospectivo, transversal, con abordaje cuantitativo, en el que se utilizaron los datos del Departamento de Informática del Sistema Único de Salud de Brasil (DATASUS). Se comparó el número de exámenes realizados y el tiempo para el inicio de tratamiento en los períodos prepandémico (2018-2019) y pandémico (2020-2021). Resultados. Se observó un mayor número de mamografías de cribado (+3.68%), citologías (+23.68%) e histologías (+10.7%) y un menor número de mamografías diagnósticas (-38.7%) en el período pandémico. El tiempo para la realización de las pruebas fue de hasta 30 días para el cribado y diagnóstico y de más de 60 días para el inicio del tratamiento durante el período pandémico. Conclusión. Aunque los resultados indican un aumento del número de procedimientos de cribado y diagnóstico del cáncer de mama en el periodo pandémico, con la excepción de la mamografía diagnóstica, cuando consideramos los valores de p) el estudio muestra que la pandemia COVID-19 estadísticamente no interfirió en las acciones preventivas contra el cáncer de mama en mujeres de 50 años y más en el estado de Pará. Teniendo en cuenta la autonomía de la enfermería y su papel en la salud pública, corresponde a los profesionales responsables de los programas de atención primaria implementar planes de contingencia en tiempos de crisis para no dejar desatendida a la población.
Objetivo. Analisar se a pandemia da COVID-19 repercutiu no rastreamento, diagnóstico e tratamento do câncer de mama em mulheres paraenses a partir de 50 anos. Métodos. Estudo retrospectivo, transversal, de abordagem quantitativa, com utilização de dados do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde brasileiro. (DATASUS). Analisou-se o número de exames realizados no período pré-pandemia (2018-2019) e pandêmico (2020-2021) com base na variação percentual, aplicação do teste qui quadrado e teste G para o tempo de realização de exames e tempo de início de tratamento. Resultados. Observou-se no período pandêmico maior quantitativo de mamografias de rastreamento (+3.68%), citológicos (+23.68%), histológicos (+10.7%) e menor registro de mamografias diagnósticas (-38.7%). O intervalo de tempo para realização dos exames foi de até 30 dias para os exames de rastreamento e diagnóstico e tempo maior que 60 dias para início de tratamento no período pandêmico. Conclusão. Embora os resultados indiquem aumento no quantitativo de procedimentos de rastreamento e diagnósticos para o câncer de mama no período pandêmico, com exceção da mamografia diagnóstica, ao considerarmos os valores de probabilidade, o estudo aponta que estatisticamente a pandemia da COVID-19 não interferiu nas ações do câncer de mama, em mulheres a partir de 50 anos, no Estado do Pará. Considerando a autonomia da enfermagem e sua atuação na saúde pública, cabe aos profissionais que estão à frente dos programas da atenção básica implementar planos de contingência em períodos de crise para que a população não fique desassistida.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Breast Neoplasms , Mammography , Breast Carcinoma In Situ , SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19ABSTRACT
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer, but oral involvement is extremely rare. Here, we showed a case of a 71-year-old Caucasian male patient presenting an asymptomatic submucosal nodule in the left buccal mucosa on the same side of a previous BCC skin lesion. Intraoral examination revealed a circumscribed sessile and fibrous mass covered by normal mucosa. An incisional biopsy was performed. Microscopically, the lesion showed uniform, ovoid, dark-staining basaloid cells with medium-sized nuclei and little cytoplasm arranged in islands and strands, invading the underlying connective tissue. These islands demonstrated palisading of the peripheral cells and occasionally central areas with epidermoid differentiation. The final diagnosis was nodular basal cell carcinoma. Although uncommon, recurrent BCC may occur in the oral cavity. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Recurrence , Carcinoma, Basal Cell , Pathology, Oral , Surgery, OralABSTRACT
Background: Tumor budding refers to single or small cluster of tumor cells detached from the main tumor mass in histological sections. In colon cancer high tumor budding is associated with worse prognosis and correlates with metastatic lymph nodes. We studied tumor budding in modified radical mastectomy specimens to evaluate its utility as a prognostic factor by correlating high tumor budding score with known prognostic markers of breast cancer like axillary lymph nodal metastasis, clinical staging, tumor size, lymphovascular invasion, hormonal status and pathological grading. Aim was to evaluate tumor budding in invasive breast carcinoma and to describe clinical features and histopathological spectrum of Invasive Breast Carcinoma with/without lymph node metastasis on H&E slides. Secondly, to find association between grades of tumor budding and various clinical, gross, microscopic and immunohistochemical variables. Methods: The present study is a cross sectional study of 70 modified radical mastectomy specimens from June 2018 to Dec 2022. Along with tumor budding various prognostic parameters like hormonal markers, pathological grading and clinical grading were evaluated. Immunohistochemical marker Pancytokeratin was utilized for counting the tumor buds, wherever necessary. Statistical Analysis: Chi Square test was utilized to study significant differences between variables, p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A high tumor budding score (?4/HPF) had significant association with axillary lymph node involvement and clinical staging. Conclusions: In our study we detected the association of high tumor budding, PTB in invasive breast carcinoma with axillary lymph node involvement and clinical staging. Hence our results highlight the importance of tumor budding as a prognostic factor and submit that this histological feature could be included in diagnostic protocols just as in carcinoma of the colon.
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Basal cell carcinoma is usually a slow-growing tumor for which metastases are rare. Basal Cell Carcinoma is the most common type of skin cancer around 75-80%. We present the case of A 87-year-old woman presented with a chief complaint of a reddish-brown nodule on the right side of her face. The complaint has been about 4 months, initially small in size as a mole but grew progressively to its current size. It is known that his daily work is as a farmer. However, one of the main problems of BCC is the cosmetic appearance, especially in the facial area.
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Background: Brain metastasis is a common problem in patients with NSCLC. This study was done to study the risk factors associated with the development of brain metastasis and assess treatment response in NSCLC to improve patient survival. Methods: This was a retro-prospective study in which 126 patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma with brain metastasis were taken for the study. Results: The mean age in study group was 56.1±12.72 years. Adenocarcinoma was found in 57.1% and squamous cell carcinoma in 41.3% patients. 65.9% patients received chemotherapy for primary disease followed by targeted therapy in 34 (27.0%) patients. 53.9% patients received WBRT after diagnosis of brain metastasis and 23% WBRT and systemic chemotherapy while as14.3% received WBRT and targeted therapy and 2.4% received WBRT, systemic chemotherapy and targeted therapy, 1.6% patients received systemic chemotherapy, WBRT and local RT to the primary site and 0.8% each was treated with gamma knife therapy; surgery, WBRT and targeted therapy; SRS and WBRT. Median overall survival of patients with brain metastasis who received WBRT was 2.5 months and patients who received WBRT and systemic chemotherapy was 9.0 months while patients with brain metastasis who received WBRT and targeted therapy was 14.3 months. Conclusions: The median overall survival as per treatment received after diagnosis of brain metastasis was higher in patients who received WBRT and targeted therapy as compared to patients who received WBRT and systemic chemotherapy and patients who received WBRT only.
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Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rarely described tumor of unknown etiology and pathogenesis. An IMT may occur in almost any part of the body, from the central nervous system to the limbs, and has nonspecific clinical manifestations. Histologically these lesions appear as an inflammatory infiltrate within a variable myofibrotic background. We here present a case of 67-year-old woman who presented with vague abdominal mass and her TAH with BSO was done in view of preoperative diagnosis of ovarian malignancy, which after histopathology came out to be IMT of pelvis.
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Background: Cervical cancer, characterized by malignant growth in the cervix uteri, often manifests with vaginal bleeding and can progress silently until reaching an advanced stage. It ranks as the most common cancer among women in numerous developing nations. The study aimed to evaluate the knowledge of the women about the prevention of carcinoma cervix by vaccination.Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted at the outpatient department of obstetrics and gynecology, Dhaka medical college and hospital, Bangladesh from Jan 2020 to Dec 2021. In this study, 100 women attending the mentioned department, were interviewed with a view in mind to find out their knowledge level regarding the vaccination of cervical cancers. Data were analyzed by using MS office tools.Results: The study revealed a direct correlation between education level and awareness of HPV, underscoring a significant lack of knowledge about cervical cancer vaccination. It emphasizes the urgent need to educate individuals about the vaccine's role in preventing cervical cancer. Education campaigns utilizing local media could effectively disseminate information.Conclusions: The unavailability and cost of the vaccine pose barriers to its accessibility. Integrating the vaccine program into existing expanded program on immunization (EPI) initiatives could be transformative for community health.
ABSTRACT
This study used a central composite design (CCD) to evaluate how the independent attributes—sonication distance (X1), amplitude (X2), time (X3), & power (X4)—impacted two outcomes—droplet-size (Y1) & polydispersity index (PDI) (Y2). With the time-consuming & inefficient "changing one factor at a time" approach would have been an option for this multifactor optimization, but we opted against it since we wanted to be sure we had the best possible values. Here, a mathematical model of the combined influence of the processing elements led to the selection of a CCD, which is known to be significantly more dependable. Using a double emulsion technique, we created and fine-tuned a drug delivery system consisting of nanobubbles loaded with pemigatinib. Pemigatinib nanobubbles were studied for their shape, surface charge, and particle size to determine their physicochemical characteristics and found that they were spherical with the Zeta potential (ZP) and particle size of -25.3±2.98 & 38.53±2.14 respectively. Pemigatinib-loaded nanobubbles were also tested for their release behaviors and drug encapsulation effectiveness. Finally, we tried to study the anti-tumor activity and cellular absorption of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanobubbles-Pemigatinib in vitro.