Application of multimodal weakly-supervised learning in image synthesis and segmentation of liver cancer / 中国医学物理学杂志

Although it has high resolution for soft tissues,magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)is not the standard for chest imaging,which results in an insufficient amount of expert-annotated MRI data.Therefore,CT image is usually converted into MRI image.To overcome the difficulty of obtaining the corresponding modal CT and MRI images,a CSCGAN model with CycleGAN as the framework is proposed based on the structural characteristics of generative adversarial networks.Considering the possibility of mode collapse in CycleGAN,StyleGan2 which can control the style and feature details of the synthetic image and realize the synthesis of high-resolution images is integrated into CycleGAN for reconstructing the generator.A noise module is introduced to reduce external interference.In addition,in order to prevent the loss of tumors during conversion,the discriminator structure of the network is modified,and a mixed attention mechanism is added.Experimental results show that compared with the images generated by other methods,those generated by the proposed model are improved in Dice similarity coefficient,Hausdorff distance,volume ratio and mean intersection over union,indicating that the proposed method can effectively realize the mode conversion of liver tumor images,and that the generated data can improve the segmentation accuracy.

Assessment value of X-ray angiography in postoperative recurrence,curative effect and the reduction of the perfusion of liver tumor of interventional TACE for liver cancer / 中国医学装备

Objective:To investigate the assessment value of X-ray angiography in postoperative recurrence,curative effect and reduction of the perfusion of liver tumor of interventional transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)for liver cancer.Methods:A total of 59 patients with liver cancer who were treated in The Third the People's Hospital of Bengbu from January 2015 to December 2020 were selected.All patients underwent the examination of routine X-ray angiography one week before surgery and four weeks after surgery.The obtained image sequences were imported into the workstation equipped with imaging technology software of color coded digital subtraction angiography(ccDSA)to conduct analysis.The region of interest(ROI)was manually defined on the ccDSA images before and after TACE.And then,the time intensity curve was obtained,and the quantitative perfusion parameters included the time to peak(TTP),area under curve(AUC),maximum slope(MS)were exported from that.The receiver operating characteristics(ROC)curve was drawn,and the area under curve(AUC)of that was calculated to analyze the assessment efficacy of perfusion parameters on the postoperative recurrence,curative effect and reduction of the perfusion of liver tumor of TACE for liver cancer.Results:In the 59 patients who were included in the study,39 cases occurred postoperative recurrence and 20 cases did not occurred postoperative recurrence according to the definition of postoperative recurrence,and the perfusion TTP(7.38±1.22)s of patients with postoperative recurrence was significantly lower than that(9.03±1.01)s of patients without postoperative recurrence,and the difference of that between them was significant(t=5.198,P<0.05).The AUC and MS of patients with postoperative recurrence were significantly lower than those of patients without postoperative recurrence(t=2.868,31.499,P<0.05),respectively.There were not significant differences in TTP,AUC and MS between patients with and without postoperative recurrence before surgery(P>0.05).According to the determination criteria of curative effect,35 cases were effectiveness,and 24 cases were ineffectiveness,and the postoperative TTP(9.09±1.08)s of patients with effectiveness was significantly higher than that(7.84±2.07)s of patients without effectiveness(t=3.029,P<0.05),and AUC and MS of patients with effectiveness were significantly higher than those of patients without ineffectiveness(t=3.852,54.366,P<0.05),and there were not significant differences in preoperative TTP,AUC and MS between patients with and without effectiveness(P>0.05),and the values of TTP,AUC and MS of the group with effectiveness and group without effectiveness after surgery were significantly higher than those before surgery,and the differences of them between two groups were significant(t=3.029,3.852,54.366,P<0.05),respectively.According to the grading criteria of subjective angiographic endpoints(SACE),33 cases were grade Ⅲ,and 26 cases were grade Ⅳ,and there were not significant in TTP,AUC and MS between patients with grade Ⅲ and patients with grade IV(P>0.05).The postoperative TTP,AUC and MS of patients with grade Ⅳ were significantly lower than those of patients with grade Ⅲ(t=7.679,3.498,58.968,P<0.05),respectively.The sensitivities of TTP,AUC and MS were respectively 66.70%,89.70% and 59.00% in assessing postoperative recurrence of interventional TACE for liver cancer,and the specificities of them were respectively 55.00%,55.00% and 55.00%,and the AUC values of them were respectively 0.629(95% CI:0.478-0.779),0.827(95% CI:0.723-0.931)and 0.512(95% CI:0.356-0.667).The sensitivities of TTP,AUC and MS were respectively 64.10%,79.50% and 61.50% in assessing postoperatively curative effect of interventional TACE for liver cancer,and the specificities of them were respectively 55.00%,65.00% and 55.00%,and the AUC values of them were respectively 0.609(95% CI:0.462-0.756),0.808(95% CI:0.698-0.918)and 0.580(95% CI:0.413-0.747).The sensitivities of TTP,AUC and MS were respectively 69.20%,82.10% and 53.80% in assessing the postoperative reduction of the perfusion of liver tumor of interventional TACE for liver cancer,and the specificities of them were respectively 70.00%,75.00% and 55.00%,and the AUC values of them were respectively 0.745(95% CI:0.613-0.877),0.842(95% CI:0.724-0.960)and 0.507(95% CI:0.360-0.654).Conclusion:The TTP,AUC and MS of perfusion parameters that are obtained by ccDSA quantitative analysis for the data after X-ray angiography examination have a certain application value in assessing the postoperative recurrence,curative effect and the reduction of the perfusion of liver tumor of interventional TACE for liver cancer.

Dodecanoic acid induces oxidative stress-mediated death in liver cancer cells through the mitochondrial pathway

It has been reported that dodecanoic acid (DDA) exerts anticancer effects on cancers of the reproductive system and digestive system. However, its role in liver cancer and its potential mechanism have rarely been defined. Therefore, in this study, Hepa 1-6 liver cancer cells were incubated with different DDA concentrations (0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 mM) for 24, 48 and 72h, and the optimal DDA concentration was determined via a cell viability test. Apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were determined by flow cytometry. SOD activity, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), ATP, GSH and ROS levels were measured by commercial assay kits; Bcl-2, Bax and Caspase-3 protein levels were analyzed by western blot. The results showed that 0.5 mM DDA decreased cell viability in a time-dependent manner, so this concentration was used to investigate how DDA leads to Hepa 1-6 cell apoptosis. After treatment with DDA, a significant, time-dependent increase in the cell apoptotic rate was detected despite the accumulation of S-phase cells. The increased ROS levels and decreased GSH levels and SOD activity in DDA-treated cells indicated the occurrence of oxidative stress. Mitochondrial dysfunction was evidenced by a decreased MMP and reduced ATP levels. Cell apoptotic death via the mitochondrial pathway was indicated by a reduced Bcl-2/Bax ratio and increased caspase-3 protein levels. It can be concluded that DDA can effectively trigger liver cancer cell death by inducing oxidative stress and disrupting mitochondrial function. These findings provide new insight into the potential mechanism of action of DDA in liver cancer.

Atualização das Recomendações da Sociedade Brasileira de Hepatologia para o Tratamento Sistêmico do Carcinoma Hepatocelular / Brazilian society of hepatology updated recommendations for systemic treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma

ABSTRACT Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third most common cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The Brazilian Society of Hepatology (SBH) published in 2020 the updated recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of HCC. Since then, new data have emerged in the literature, including new drugs approved for the systemic treatment of HCC that were not available at the time. The SBH board conducted an online single-topic meeting to discuss and review the recommendations on the systemic treatment of HCC. The invited experts were asked to conduct a systematic review of the literature on each topic related to systemic treatment and to present the summary data and recommendations during the meeting. All panelists gathered together for discussion of the topics and elaboration of the updated recommendations. The present document is the final version of the reviewed manuscript containing the recommendations of SBH and its aim is to assist healthcare professionals, policy-makers, and planners in Brazil and Latin America with systemic treatment decision-making of patients with HCC.

RESUMO O carcinoma hepatocelular (CHC) é uma das principais causas de mortalidade relacionada a câncer no Brasil e no mundo. A Sociedade Brasileira de Hepatologia (SBH) publicou em 2020 a atualização das recomendações da SBH para o diagnóstico e tratamento do CHC. Desde então, novas evidências científicas sobre o tratamento sistêmico do CHC foram relatadas na literatura médica, incluindo novos medicamentos aprovados que não estavam disponíveis na época do último consenso, levando a diretoria da SBH a promover uma reunião monotemática on-line para discutir e rever as recomendações sobre o tratamento sistêmico do CHC. Um grupo de experts foi convidado para realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura e apresentar uma atualização, baseada em evidências científicas, sobre cada tópico relacionado ao tratamento sistêmico e a apresentar os dados e recomendações resumidas durante a reunião. Todos os painelistas se reuniram para discutir os tópicos e elaborar as recomendações atualizadas. O presente documento é a versão final do manuscrito revisado, contendo as recomendações da SBH, e seu objetivo é auxiliar os profissionais de saúde, formuladores de políticas e planejadores no Brasil e na América Latina na tomada de decisões sobre o tratamento sistêmico de pacientes com CHC.

Study on "Spectrum-material-effect" relationship of Compound Muji Granules against liver tumor based on microfluidic chip / 中国药理学通报

Aim To explore the material basis of anti-tumor effect of Compound Muji Granules. Methods The anti-tumor pharmacodynamics of Compound Muji Granules in vitro was studied by microfluidic chip technology. The fingerprint of Compound Muji Granules was established by HPLC. The "Spectrum-Material-Effect" of Compound Muji Granules was analyzed by grey correlation analysis,partial least squares regression analysis and network pharmacology approach. Results Seven batches of Compound Muji Granules with different extraction methods were successfully established. The results of grey correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between Compound Muji Granules and 7 of the 14 components with pharmacodynamic correlation coefficient >0.80. The contribution of anti liver tumor was peak number 48(luteolin)>6(gallic acid)>19(chlorogenic acid)>59(quercetin)>67(kaempferol)>65(naringin)>38(ellagic acid),in that order. Conclusions Through the establishment of "Spectrum-Material-Effect" research method,it is clear that the above seven active monomers may be the anti-tumor material basis of Compound Muji Granules.

Diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma / 中华肝脏病杂志

Objective: To investigate the features of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (HEHE) in order to improve the preoperative diagnosis rate. Methods: CEUS images of 32 pathologically-proven cases of hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma from January 2004 to August 2021 were collected. Lesions were analyzed to observe the features of enhancement mode, enhancement intensity, and distinct enhancement phases. Results: Among the 32 cases, one had a solitary lesion, 29 had multiple lesions, and two had diffuse-type lesions. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound revealed a total of 42 lesions in 32 cases. In terms of arterial phase enhancement, 18 lesions had overall enhancement, six lesions had uneven dendritic enhancement, 16 lesions had rim-like enhancement, and two lesions had just slight peripheral spot enhancement around the lesions. Among the three cases, there were multiple lesions that had overall enhancement and ring enhancement. In terms of the enhancement phase, 20 lesions showed "fast progression", 20 lesions showed "same progression", and two lesions showed "slow progression". During the late arterial or early portal venous phases with rapid washout, all lesions manifested as hypoechoic. With peaked enhanced intensity, 11 lesions had a lower enhancement intensity than the surrounding normal liver parenchyma; 11 lesions had the same enhancement degree as the surrounding normal liver parenchyma; and 20 lesions had a higher enhancement degree than the surrounding normal liver parenchyma. All 16 ring-enhancing lesions had marked hyperenhancement. In the typical enhancing lesions, four showed hyperenhancement, five showed low enhancement, and nine showed isoenhancement. In the dendrite-enhancing lesions, there were two isoenhancing and four hypoenhancing. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound delineated the boundaries of all lesions more clearly than two-dimensional ultrasound. Conclusion: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound has certain value in the diagnosis of hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma.

Resection and Partial Liver Segment 2/3 Transplantation with Delayed Total Hepatectomy(RAPID)Procedure for Malignant Liver Tumor / 华中科技大学学报(医学版)

Objective Liver transplantation for colorectal cancer patient with liver metastasis has acquired satisfying result,increasing overall survival in selected patients.The scarcity of grafts is a major obstacle in the field of transplant oncology.The use of small segmental auxiliary grafts from deceased or living donors might be a way to expand the donor pool with minimal negative impact for patient on the waiting list for deceased donor transplantation and minimal risk for living donor.RAPID(re-section and partial liver segment 2/3 transplantation with delayed total hepatectomy)procedure combines the advantages of both ALPPS(associating liver partition and portal ligation for staged hepatectomy)and auxiliary liver transplantation and further ex-panded the field of transplant oncology,bringing hope to long term survival for more patients.This review provides an insight into the physiological background for this technique and summarizes technical and surgical considerations,experiences from the past,patient outcomes,existing disputes and the future prospects.Overall,the procedure is complex and risky,with a small number of cases worldwide.Although many patients have achieved good outcomes,it is still insufficient to assess long-term on-cology outcomes.This method is still in the exploratory stage and limited to prospective clinical studies.

A rare case of mixed adult Hepatoblastoma mimicking as Hepatocellular Carcinoma

@#Hepatoblastoma (HB) is a rare pediatric malignant tumor of the liver. Most of these tumors arise in the embryo and this is usually discernible in the first 3 years of life; thus, its occurrence in the adult population seems to be unusual. We present this case due to its rarity and its potential to mimic other primary liver tumors in adults such as HCC. To the best of our knowledge with literature review, there are only 40 cases of adult HB reported worldwide. In this paper, we report a case of a 49-year-old female, diagnosed with Chronic Hepatitis B, admitted due to abdominal pain. Physical examination revealed hepatomegaly. Liver function test was unremarkable. AFP was elevated at >50,000ng/mI. Triphasic CT scan revealed a hypodense mass in the right lobe of the liver measuring approximately 11 × 11 × 13cm suggestive of HCC. Subsequently, patient underwent right hepatectomy. Pathological examination, however, demonstrated that the tumor showed a malignant neoplasm with epithelial and mesenchymal components consistent with adult HB, mixed type. Since treatment of adult HB is not yet established, studies have suggested that it is logical to follow the treatment protocol for childhood HB. Hence, this patient underwent chemotherapy with Cisplatin, Vincristine and 5-Fluorouracil. The low incidence of HB in adults presents a diagnostic challenge, requiring a high index of suspicion and a thorough evaluation. Since prognosis could be improved with early detection and treatment, it is important for clinicians not to overlook HB.

Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Delirium in Liver Tumor Resection Elderly Patients with Sleep Disorders / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To investigate the effects of d exmedetomidine on postoperative delirium （POD） in liver tumor resection elderly patients with sleep disorder （SD）. METHODS ：Totally 80 patients undergoing liver tumor resection with preoperative Pittsburgh sleep quality index （PSQI）score ≥7 were selected from the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University from Jan. 1st，2020 to Oct. 31st，2020. They were randomly divided into group SD and group Dex according random number table ，with 40 cases in each group. At the same time ，40 patients with preoperative PSQI score ＜7 were selected as group C. Thirty min before anesthesia induction ，Dexmedetomidine hydrochloride injection 0.4 μg/kg was injected intravenously in group Dex. Etomidate emulsion injection ，Sufentanil citrate injection and Rocuronium bromide injection were used for anesthesia induction in 3 groups，and Ropofol medium/long chain fat emulsion injection + Remifentanil hydrochloride for injection was used to maintain anesthesia. The drug use ，operation time ，PACU stay time and postoperative hospital stay were recorded in 3 groups. The cognitive function was evaluated 2 h before operation and 1，3，5，7 days after operation. The occurrence of POD was observed. The plasma levels of IL- 6 and S 100β were measured 2 h before operation ，2 h after operation ，1，3，5 days after operation. The occurrence of ADR was recorded. RESULTS ：There was no statisti cal significance in intraoperativ e drug use and operation time among 3 groups （P＞0.05）. The PACU stay time ， the incidence of POD and the duration of POD in group SD an d lixxi18@126.com group Dex were significantly higher or longer than group C ， while the Dex group was significantly lower or shorter thangroup SD （P＜0.05）. The postoperative hospitalization stay ofgroup SD was significantly longer than group C and group Dex （P＜0.05），and there was no statistical significance between group Dex and group C （P＞0.05）. Before operation ，there was no statistical significance in MMSE scores or plasma levels of IL- 6 and S100β among 3 groups（P＞0.05）. MMSE scores of group C 1，3 days after operation ，those of group SD and group Dex 1，3，5 and 7 days after operation were significantly lower than those before operation. MMSE scores of group SD and group Dex 1，3，5 and 7 days after operation were significantly lower than group C at corresponding period ；the group Dex was significantly higher than the group SD at corresponding period （P＜0.05）. The plasma levels of IL- 6 and S 100 β at different time points were significantly higher than before operation ，and the group SD and group Dex were significantly higher than the group C ，and the group Dex was significantly lower than group SD at corresponding period （P＜0.05）. There was no statistical significance in the total incidence of ADR among 3 groups（P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS ：SD can promote the occurrence of POD in liver tumor resection elderly patients. Dexmetomidine can reduce the incidence of POD in elderly patients with preoperative SD ，the mechanism of which may be associated with the inhibition of IL- 6 and S 100β expression and the alleviation of brain injury with good safety.

Schwannoma quístico del porta hepatis / Cystic Schwannoma of Porta Hepatis

Resumen Introducción: Los Schwannomas de la vía biliar corresponden a una entidad extremadamente infrecuente, habiéndose reportado solo escasos casos en la literatura. Caso Clínico: El presente paciente corresponde a un hombre de 45 años, a quien durante examen rutinario se le pesquisa una lesión quística hepática. La resonancia magnética confirmó la lesión, y la biopsia de la pieza resecada diagnosticó la existencia de un Schwannoma benigno con marcadores positivos para vimentina y proteína S-100.

Introduction: Bile duct schwannoma is an extremely rare condition. We report a 45 years old male patient in whom during a rutinary ultrasound exam a liver cyst was detected. Magnetic resonance confirmed lesión and the histopathology of the resected specimen was a benign schwannoma proven by positive inmunoreaction to vimentina.

Tumores hepáticos fetales, a propósito de un caso de hemangioendotelioma gigante / Fetal hepatic tumors, apropos of a case of giant hemangioendothelioma

RESUMEN Se comunica el caso de una tumoración hepática fetal gigante diagnosticada en el tercer trimestre de embarazo, que cursó con signos de inminencia de falla cardiaca. Las pruebas posnatales confirmaron la sospecha de hemangioma hepático. Actualmente, se encuentra en manejo expectante con evolución hacia la regresión. Adicionalmente, revisamos las características de los principales tumores hepáticos primarios fetales.

ABSTRACT Case report of a giant fetal hepatic tumor diagnosed in the third trimester of pregnancy that presented signs of imminent cardiac failure. Postnatal tests confirmed the suspicion of hepatic hemangioma. Currently, the patient is under expectant management, evolving towards regression. We review the characteristics of the main fetal primary liver tumors.

Hemangioendotelioma hepático infantil multifocal / Multifocal hepatic hemangioendothelioma

INTRODUCCIÓN: El hemangioendotelioma hepático (HEH) es un tumor benigno, raro en niños, que se presenta frecuentemente en el primer año de vida. La presentación clínica es variable y su diagnóstico se realiza en base a la sospecha clínica, estudios de laboratorio y de imagen. El objetivo fue describir un caso de hemangioendotelioma hepático multifocal. CASO CLÍNICO: Niña de 3 meses que presentó hepatomegalia sin elementos de falla hepática ni cardiaca. Se realizó ecografía y tomografía de ab domen que orientaron al diagnóstico de HEH que se confirmó con la angioresonancia de abdomen. Recibió glucocorticoides a altas dosis en forma prolongada. Al año y medio de iniciado el tratamiento se evidenció remisión del tumor. Presentó efectos secundarios por el tratamiento instaurado. CONCLUSIONES: La presencia de una hepatomegalia aislada en un lactante asintomático debe hacer pensar en una probable patología tumoral, orientándonos por la clínica e imagenología al diagnóstico nosológico de la misma. Siempre se debe sospesar las posibles complicaciones con los riesgos de los tratamientos a realizar. En este caso la extensión del tumor y sus probables complicaciones justificó el uso de corticoterapia prologada a altas dosis a pesar de sus efectos adversos.

INTRODUCTION: Hepatic hemangioendothelioma is a rare benign tumor in children, which frequently occurs in the first year of life. The clinical presentation is variable and the diagnosis is based on clinical suspicion, and laboratory and imaging studies. The objective was to describe a case of multifocal hepa tic hemangioendothelioma. CLINICAL REPORT: 3-month-old girl who presented hepatomegaly without elements of hepatic or heart failure. Abdominal ultrasound and CT scan were used to diagnose hepatic hemangioendothelioma, which was confirmed by CT abdominal angiography. The patient received glucocorticoid treatment at high doses for a prolonged period. A year and a half after treatment, there was evidence of tumor remission. She had side effects from the established treatment. CONCLUSIONS: In asymptomatic patients with isolated hepatomegaly, it should be considered a probable tumor patho logy, considering the clinic and imaging studies. Possible complications and treatments risks must always be assessed. In this case, the tumor extension and its probable complications justified the use of prolonged corticosteroid therapy at high doses despite its adverse effects.

Transauricular arterial access for hepatic artery embolization in rabbit VX2 liver tumor

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of percutaneous transauricular artery access for hepatic artery catheterization using a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) device and hepatic artery catheterization through auricular approach. Methods: Ten New Zealand White rabbits were used to establish a VX2 liver tumor model. Hepatic artery angiography and embolization were performed 3 weeks after inoculation. The rabbits were restrained in supine position under anesthesia. Intra-arterial access was accomplished with percutaneous Seldinger technique through the auricular artery using a PICC device. The hepatic artery catheterization was performed with a microcatheter and guide wire. The rate of technical success and procedure time was investigated. Results: Two rabbits failed initial percutaneous transauricular arterial access, with success in a contralateral attempt. Thus, percutaneous transauricular arterial access was achieved in 10 of 12 auricular arteries, with a technical success rate of 83.3%. The time needed to obtain intra-auricular access was 7.2 ± 3.1 min. Hepatic artery catheterization, angiography, and embolization were accomplished through the auricular approach in all 10 rabbits. Conclusion: Arterial access in rabbits can be achieved through the auricular artery. Hepatic artery catheterization, angiography, and embolization can be performed through auricular arterial access

Guidelines for application of computer-assisted indocyanine green molecular fluorescence imaging in diagnosis and surgical navigation of liver tumors (2019) / 南方医科大学学报

Computer-assisted combined indocyanine green (ICG) molecular fluorescence imaging technology can be used for preoperative planning and intraoperative detection from three-dimensional (3D) morphological anatomy and level of cellular function to guide the anatomical, functional and radical hepatectomy of liver tumor. This technology has received wide acceptance and has shown important diagnostic and therapeutic value. This guideline is intended to standardize the application of computer-assisted combined ICG molecular fluorescence imaging for accurate diagnosis and treatment of liver tumors in the following aspects: (1) the workflow of 3D visualization technology; (2) the mechanism and application flow of ICG molecular fluorescence imaging; (3) clinical application of 3D visualization technology and virtual reality technology; and (4) clinical application of ICG molecular fluorescence imaging. ICG molecular fluorescence imaging can help to define tumor boundary, determine hepatic segment and hepatic lobectomy tangent at the molecular and cellular level, and detect small lesions or metastases. According to the fluorescence signal characteristics of liver tumors and combined with rapid frozen pathological examination during operation, the differentiation degree of liver space-occupying lesions (such as primary liver cancer) can be preliminarily determined, and residual tumors and biliary leakage on the hepatic section can be detected after hepatectomy. Computer-assisted ICG molecular fluorescence imaging in the diagnosis and surgical navigation of liver tumors provides a new approach to digital diagnosis and treatment of liver tumors. With its development in clinical practice and the technological innovation, this technology will be further improved to allow more accurate diagnosis and treatment of liver tumors.

The efficacy of radiofrequency ablation combined with splenectomy in treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with liver cirrhosis and hypersplenism / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective To study the efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation combined with splenectomy in treatment of primary liver cancer with liver cirrhosis and hypersplenism.Methods Thirty patients with hepatocellular carcinoma complicated with liver cirrhosis and hypersplenism were treated in Fuyang People's Hospital from January 2016 to December 2017.These patients were randomly divided into the observation group (n =15) and the control group (n =15).Surgical liver resection combined with splenectomy was performed in the control group,and radiofrequency ablation combined with splenectomy was performed in the observation group.The time of thermal ischemia,operation time,intraoperative blood loss,blood transfusion volume,length of hospital stay,platelet level and liver function 1 week after surgery,and the incidences of postoperative complications and the overall survival rates 2 years after surgery were compared between the two groups.Results The operation times of the observation group and the control group were (89.1 ± 18.4 vs.118.9 ± 33.6) rin,blood loss (228.4 ± 120.5 vs.362.2 ± 159.5) ml,blood transfusion (192.3±112.4 vs.503.8±196.2) ml,and length of hospital stay (13.5±6.0 vs.21.9±11.6) d (all P＜0.05).After a week of operation,the indicators in the observation group were significantly better than the control group (all P＜0.05).The postoperative two-years complication rate in the observation group was 13.3％,which was significantly lower than the control group (46.7％,P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the survival rates between the two groups two years after surgery.Conclusions Radiofrequency ablation combined with splenectomy for treatment of liver cancer with cirrhosis and hypersplenism effectively reduced postoperative complications,preserved liver function,increased platelet levels,improved hypersplenism,and was safer.It is a surgical method worthy of generalization.

Radio technician operation specification of multi b value DWI technique applied to liver tumor detection / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To enhance the standardized operation of multi b value DWI technique when the radio technician detects liver tumors.Methods The operation specifications of multi b value DWI technique applied to liver benign tumors diagnosis were analyzed for MRI conventional examination,MR-DWI scan,MR-DWI image processing.Considerations were also taken on unified detection standard,supervision system,management mechanism and etc.Results Radio technician was improved in operation specification when used multi b value DWI technique to detect liver tumors. Conclusion Radio technician operation specification of multi b value DWI technique has to be strengthened to enhance the clinical efficacy.

The clinical features and treatment of liver abscess formation after TACE for metastatic liver tumors / 介入放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical features,related risk factors,the efficacy and safety of clinical management about liver abscess formation occurring after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) for metastatic liver cancer.Methods Among 1812 patients with metastatic liver tumors who were receiving TACE,23 patients developed liver abscess.The clinical features and risk factors for abscess formation were retrospectively analyzed.The curative effects and safety of percutaneous puncture cavity drainage (PCD),or combined with percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography and drainage (PTCD) were analyzed.Results The incidence of liver abscess after TACE for metastatic liver tumors was 1.3％ (23/1812).Postoperative high fever,chill,elevated white blood cell count and increased neutrophil proportion were the main clinical features of liver abscess.The mean time before the diagnosis of liver abscess was confirmed was (11.3±3.7) days after TACE.The hepatic metastatic malignancy originated from the malignant tumor of digestive tract was seen in 73.9％ of patients,18 patients (78.3％) had a history of gastroenteric surgery,and 12 patients (52.2％) had a history of diabetes mellitus.The number of hepatic metastatic lesions was more than 3 in 19 patients (82.6％).After the formation of liver abscess,the liver functions became worse in all patients (P=0.024).In 19 patients (82.6％),angiography showed that the metastases were hypovascular lesions.Blood and pus cultures revealed that E.coli was the main infectious bacteria of liver abscess.The mean time of using anti-infective drugs before hepatic abscess developed liquefaction was (10.4±3.3) days,and the mean time of abscess liquefaction was (15.9±3.7) days.The mean value of the maximum diameters of abscesses was (9.2±2.0) cm.PCD was employed in all patients,the average times of PCD procedure was (3.7±1.7) times.PCD followed by PTCD was performed in 7 patients as they had biloma associated with obstructive jaundice.The average drainage time for liver abscess was (3.1 ±1.7) months.No infectious peritonitis,tumor rupture,or tumor implantation at puncture point was observed.The median survival time of 23 patients with liver abscess was (8.0±0.7) months.The median survival time in patients who received PCD procedure only was (9.0±1.0) months,while it was (5.0±0.7) months in patients who received PCD together with PTCD,and statistically significant difference in the median survival time existed between the above two groups (P=0.041).Conclusion The risk factors of liver abscess formation after TACE in patients with metastatic liver tumors include the site of primary tumor and gastrointestinal surgery.Diabetes may be one of the risk factors.Clinically,the lesions of liver abscess are usually multiple and they often occur in hypovascular lesions with central necrosis,The nain infectious bacteria are from digestive tract,and biloma is easy to develop.Active and effective antibiotic treatment plus puncture drainage of abscess cavity,or combined with PTCD,are effective treatment measures for this kind of liver abscess.

Bibliometric Analysis of Traditional Medicine for Liver Tumor Based on PubMed / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

In order to provide reference for treatment of liver tumors using traditional Chinese medicine, we analyzed the research status of liver tumor treatment with traditional Chinese Medicine based on PubMed. By the bibliography information concurrence mining system (BICOMB 2013), the literature were collected and analyzed from PubMed database from the day of establishment to 31 October 2017. CytoScape3.6.1 software was used to draw the Co-occurrence analysis chart of high-frequency subject headings and the subheadings, and SPSS17 statistical software was used to cluster the high frequency subject headings. 365 literatures were collected in total. The amount of published articles is increasing year by year. The literatures were mainly in English. From the literature indicating the author's country, we found that 70％ of the top 10 countries and regions which published the most papers were from Asia. Among them, Chinese scholars ranked first. The top 5 of the high-frequency subject headings and the subheadings were Humans, Male, Animals, Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy and Carcinoma, and Hepatocellular/drug therapy. The research focused on the following 9 aspects: metabolism of liver cells, neoplasms, liver cancer pathology, pharmacological efficacy of liver cancer, relationship between cell proliferation and apoptosis and efficacy; xenograft model antitumor assays in mice, pharmacology of antitumor Chinese herbal medicine or phytogenic drugs, the effects of dose-response relationship, cellular activity and signal transduction on drug efficacy, therapeutic uses of traditional and phytotherapy and the outcome and mortality of liver tumor. By the bibliometric analysis in the field of traditional medicine for liver tumor, we can understand the research direction and development status of this field, which can be reference for prevention and treatment of liver cancer with TCM.

The genetic and epigenetic landscapes of hepatoblastomas

Primary liver cancers are rare in children, and the most common type is hepatoblastoma (HB), an embryonal tumor with histological features that resemble different stages of liver cell differentiation. However, mainly because of its rarity, molecular data on HB tumorigenesis remain scarce. This article reviews the current knowledge regarding genetic and epigenetic alterations reported in HB cases, with emphasis on the recent findings of next-generation sequencing studies (AU)

The significance of multiple detector spiral CT multi-phase enhanced scan in differentiating liver tumors / 中国医学装备

Objective:To explore the significance of multiple detector spiral CT multi-phase enhanced scan in differentiating liver tumors.Methods: A total of 141 patients, during from March 2011 to May 2015 in our hospital, pathologically diagnosed as liver tumors were selected to undergo multiple detector spiral CT multi-phase enhanced scan. The different performances and results in CT plain and enhanced scan for diagnosing liver cancer were observed and the sensitivity of CT multi-phase enhanced scan was analyzed.Results: 93 cases were found in CT plain scan; 141 cases were found in the arterial phase, 112 cases were found in portal venous phase and 108 cases were found in extension period in CT multi-phase enhanced scan. The lesion detection rate of CT plain scan was significantly lower than whichever of CT multi-phase enhanced scan(P<0.05); under CT multi-phase enhanced scan, the majority of lesions were typical imaging and could be diagnosed. Using CT multi-phase enhanced scan, the sensitivity of hemangiomas was 88.9%, abscess was 71.4%, focal nodular hyperplasia was 83.3%, primary liver cancer was 81.6%, and liver metastases was 97.8%; the total accuracy was 88.7%.Conclusion: The multiple detector spiral CT multi-phase enhanced scan can accurately identify liver tumor lesion stages, and it can contribute to further clinical treatment.