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The purpose of smart grid is to ensure reliability, efficiency, and security of the electrical power grid system. The smart grid engages technologies in advancing digital communication, advanced metering infrastructure, automation and control, and integration of distributed energy resources. When some recent innovations in the renewable energy sector with solar and wind applications for meeting energy demands for residential and commercial market is considered, it becomes evident that smart grid promises a solution to the integration of these distributed energy resources. Although smart grid and energy management systems go hand in hand, there is a need to assess a proper fit to the smart grid applications when customers continue to add renewable energy generation of varying sizes. Energy management system offers controlling the power usage at user end based on communicated data from grid on intensity of loading. During a less burdened condition the tariff may be cheaper and vice versa. This paper documents the functionality of the power grid with respect to smart grid and thus integrates the energy management applications to the same to ensure smoother penetration in the market.
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Objective To establish an intelligent management system of operating room pharmacy,to promote the standardized management of drugs in the operating room,and to provide reference and experience for medical institutions.Methods Based on the failure mode and effect analysis(FMEA)method,the risk identification and assessment of the operating room pharmacy workflow were carried out of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soozhou University.According to the risk priority index(RPN)value,the failure mode that needs to be improved was determined,the causes of failure were analyzed,intervention measures were formulated,and the improvement effect was evaluated.Results A total of 12 failure modes were found in the workflow of the operating room pharmacy.After the intelligent medicine cabinet and corresponding management system were used,the RPN value decreased by 337 in total,with a decrease rate of 67.8%.The level of narcotic drug management,the timeliness of patient medication,and the satisfaction of medical staff were significantly improved.Conclusions The FMEA method can effectively identify the risk links of the operating room pharmacy.The construction and application of the intelligent operating room pharmacy management system have significantly improved the drug management level of the operating room and the quality of medical services.
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In the context of high-quality development in medical institutions, the supply-processing-distribution(SPD) management mode has gradually been widely applied. The authors described in detail the procurement, supply, inventory, distribution, and settlement management of medical consumables and in vitro diagnostic reagents in a certain hospital under the SPD mode. It was found that SPD was conducive to strengthening the supervision of medical consumables and in vitro diagnostic reagents in the hospital, ensuring quality and safety of use, reducing hospital operating costs, and improving hospital′s competitiveness. However, attention should be paid to preventing data security risks, strengthening operational management, and improving the cost-benefit analysis of in vitro diagnostic reagents.
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ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of TCM health management based on tertiary management system for patients with myocardial infarction (MI). MethodsA total of 277 patients with non-acute MI were enrolled and given comprehensive TCM health management strategies including health education, lifestyle adjustment, risk factors control, medication and TCM appropriate techniques management through a tertiary management system with "the patient as the core, village/community physicians as the main executive body, and tertiary TCM hospital specialists as the leading body", for a period of 12 months by using a prospective single-arm cohort study. Through patient reporting and medical records surveys, various indicators before and after 12-month management were collected and compared. The primary efficacy indicators were readmission rate and recurrent exacerbation rate, and the secondary efficacy indicators included disease awareness-related indicators, lifestyle behavior-related indicators, cardiovascular risk factor-related indicators and Canadian cardiovascular society (CCS) cardiac function classification. ResultsA total of 255 patients completed the study and were included in the final analysis. The recurrent exacerbation and readmission rates of patients after management were 23.14% (59 cases) and 20.25% (49 cases), respectively, significantly lower than 36.08% (92 cases) and 53.72% (130 cases) before management (P<0.05). Except for knowledge on diabetes diagnostic criteria with no significant difference before and after management (P>0.05), awareness of other knowledge with regard to the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases were improved after management (P<0.01), as well as the total score (P<0.01). In terms of daily life behaviors, the rates of salty diet, sweet diet and greasy diet were significantly lower than baseline, while the rate of moderate exercise was significantly higher (P<0.05 or P<0.01); the rates of ongoing smoking and vigorous exercise were not significantly changed (P>0.05). For cardiovascular risk factors, patients' total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting glucose, total depression assessment scale score, and total anxiety assessment scale score were significantly reduced after management (P<0.01). Systolic blood pressure and body mass index (BMI) were both higher after management (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and there was no statistically significant difference in diastolic blood pressure (P>0.05). In terms of the cardiovascular disease risk factors reaching the standard levels, the rate of LDL cholesterol <1.8 mmol/L significantly increased (P<0.01), while the rate of BMI <24 kg/m2 and the rate of systolic blood pressure <140 mmHg both decreased significantly (P<0.05 or P<0.01) from baseline; the diastolic blood pressure and rate of fasting glucose <7.0 mmol/L were not significantly changed (P>0.05). The patients' CCS cardiac function classification was significantly reduced (P<0.05). ConclusionTCM health management based on the tertiary management system can enhance MI patients' awareness of the disease, change poor lifestyle habits, reduce risk factors such as blood lipids and blood glucose, improve anxiety and depression, increase activity tolerance, and reduce their recurrence exacerbation and readmission rates, which is worthy of clinical promotion.
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Scientific research laboratory is the base of scientific research and talent training in the university. During the construction and development of “world-class universities and first-class disciplines”, laboratory safety management has been facing urgent challenges. Based on the laboratory management methods of Zhongshan School of Medicine of Sun Yat-sen University, we analyzed the classification and characteristics of discipline laboratories, laboratory safety access training and assessment, and summarized the actual situation and construction of safety management system for basic medical laboratories. This paper expounded on laboratory management, such as management system construction, safety management, safety inspection and supervision, safety awareness of all staff and system execution, so as to provide a feasible and creative scientific guidance and basis for university laboratory biosafety management, and establish a healthy and safe experimental environment to ensure the safety of laboratory work.
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Insomnia disorder is the most common sleep disorder,which interacts with other diseases,caus-ing health damage to human body and imposing a significant socio-economic burden.Currently,there have been fur-ther advancements in subtypes of insomnia disorder,comorbidity research,mechanistic hypotheses,assessment strategies,and treatment methods.With the advent of the information age,digital platforms can integrate early warn-ing,accurate assessment and diagnosis,treatment methods,and later follow-up for insomnia disorder to establish a comprehensive and standardized system for the treatment and management of insomnia disorder,helping to alleviate a rising morbidity rate and save healthcare costs.
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Fundamento: Uno de los temas más polémicos en la actualidad es la gestión de riesgos a nivel organizacional, donde las instituciones se enfrentan a factores e influencias internas y externas, que conducen a la no consecución de objetivos para lo cual fueron creadas. Objetivo: Proponer un plan de acción para la gestión de riesgos en el laboratorio médico del Banco Provincial de Sangre de Camagüey según NC ISO 31000:2018. Metodología: Investigación en sistema y servicios en salud con aplicación de un instrumento evaluativo del cumplimiento de requisitos de la norma NC ISO 31000:2018 y concepción de un plan de acción, con validación de contenido por consulta a especialistas mediante Delphi. Resultados: Bajo nivel (35.1 % y 33.6 %) y evaluación mala del cumplimiento de requisitos del Sistema de gestión de riesgos; los principales elementos, política, objetivos, procesos y procedimientos, del sistema documental a desarrollar en el plan de acción validado según su pertinencia, rigor científico, nivel de actualidad y correspondencia con los objetivos. Conclusiones: Se establecieron elementos metodológicos para contribuir a un adecuado desempeño organizacional de riesgos, según cumplimiento de requisitos de la norma, que permitió compromiso de trabajadores, cultura general y apreciación de riesgos, a partir del plan propuesto.
Background: One of the most polemic topics nowadays is the risk management at organizational level, where institutions are facing internal and external factors and influences, which lead to the non-achievement of the objectives for which they were created. Objective: To propose an action plan for risk management in the medical laboratory of the Provincial Blood Bank of Camagüey according to NC ISO 31000:2018. Methodology: System and health services research with the application of an evaluation tool to assess compliance with the requirements of the NC ISO 31000:2018 norm and the conception of an action plan, with content validation through consultation with specialists by means of Delphi. Results: Low level (35.1% and 33.6%) and poor compliance assessment of the Risk Management System requirements; the main elements, policy, objectives, processes and procedures, of the documentary system to be developed in the action plan validated according to its relevance, scientific rigor, timeliness and correspondence with the objectives. Conclusions: Methodological elements were established in order to contribute to a proper organizational risk performance, in accordance with the requirements of the norm, which allowed for worker compromise, general culture and appreciation of risks, on the basis of the proposed plan.
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Resumen: El Sistema de gestión de la seguridad y salud en el trabajo no sólo es un requisito de Ley en Colombia si no que adicionalmente es una necesidad estratégica de las empresas para lograr mayor calidad y productividad en el mercado, adicio nalmente para el país es vital para la promoción de la salud y la disminución de las pérdidas económicas relacionadas con las bajas laborales a causa de los accidentes de trabajo, enfermedades laborales; sin embargo, la realidad es que los costes de esto se ven como una carga para muchos empresarios y el desco nocimiento en cuanto a sus beneficios hacen que no se implemente en la mayo ría de las empresas, principalmente en las reconocidas como MIPYMES, lo que conlleva a un grado mayor de vulnerabilidad al exponer a sus trabajadores a las actividades laborales en los diferentes entornos laborales, por lo cual en este ar tículo se analizan seis modelos utilizados a nivel internacional y un séptimo mo delo con la metodología propuesta por la Institución Universitaria Antonio José Camacho para el diseño del SG-SST quien a través de su grupo de investigación GISAP Grupo de Investigación Salud Ambiente y Productividad y el semillero de investigación SEGSST Semillero de Gestión en Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo, el cual se fundamenta con bases científicas pero que pretende ser accesible a los microempresarios y así reducir la brecha de vulnerabilidad planteada.
Abstract: The Occupational Safety and Health Management System is not only a legal requirement in Colombia, but it is also a strategic necessity for companies to achieve higher quality and productivity in the market. In addition, for the coun try, it is vital for the promotion of health and the reduction of economic losses related to sick leave due to accidents at work and occupational diseases. How- ever, the reality is that the costs of this are seen as a burden for many businessmen and the lack of knowledge regarding its benefits make it not to be implemented in most companies, mainly in those recognized as MSMEs, which leads to a higher degree of vulnerability when exposing their workers to labor activities in different work environments, Therefore, this article analyzes six models used at international level and a seventh model with the methodology proposed by the Institución Universitaria Antonio José Camacho for the design of the SG-SST through its En vironmental Health and Productivity Research Group -GISAP - and the -SEGSST- Occupational Safety and Health Management Hotbed, which is based on scientific grounds, but which aims to be accessible to micro-entrepreneurs, and thus, bridge the vulnerability gap raised.
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Los avances científicos han facilitado la difusión del conocimiento, encontrándose los más recientes hallazgos rápidamente en Internet, esto ha producido la migración de las revistas desde lo impreso a lo digital, pero este proceso no siempre se realiza adecuadamente, por lo que actualmente existen revistas, y en consecuencia sus publicaciones, que no se logran encontrar en los buscadores académicos, lo que se debe al uso de los softwares inadecuados o en su defecto a una mala configuración de los que se han implementado. En esta línea la recomendación es usar Open Journal System, un software diseñado para la publicación científica, pero varias revistas usan gestores de contenido como WordPress, por su facilidad de implementación y personalización aun cuando estos presenten limitaciones en el aspecto editorial. A continuación, se expone un método para la correcta indexación de revistas confeccionadas en WordPress en el buscador Google Scholar(AU)
Scientific advances have facilitated the dissemination of knowledge, and the latest discoveries can be easily found on the Internet. This has produced the migration of journals from print to digital; however, this process is not always done properly since there are journals, and consequently their publications, which are not currently found in academic search engines due to the inappropriate use of software or otherwise to a misconfiguration of those that have been implemented. In this line, the recommendation is to use Open Journal System, a software designed for scientific publication; on the other hand, several journals use content manager systems such as WordPress because of its easy implementation and customization even when they present editorial constrains. The following is a method for the correct indexing of journals created in WordPress in the Google Scholar search engine(AU)
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Humans , Abstracting and Indexing/standards , Scientific and Technical Publications , Metadata/standards , ChileABSTRACT
Introducción: La infertilidad es una enfermedad del sistema reproductivo que altera el equilibrio biológico, psicológico y social de las parejas. En Cuba existe un programa para el tratamiento de la pareja infértil y el Ministerio de Salud Pública incluye en sus directrices implementar las bases organizativas, sistema de trabajo, indicadores, funciones y control que garanticen el perfeccionamiento del Programa para la óptima atención de parejas infértiles, y dentro de esto se incluye confeccionar bases de datos donde se registren las parejas tratadas por este motivo. Objetivos: Implementar un Sistema de Gestión Hospitalaria para la atención de la pareja infértil, en el Centro Territorial de Holguín. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de desarrollo tecnológico, se confeccionó sobre el sistema de base de datos relacional postgreSQL, se empleó la herramienta Odoo con el objetivo de englobar en un único software todas las prestaciones que necesita la consulta. Se utilizó el lenguaje de programación Python. Resultados: SCAPI, permite gestionar la información de los pacientes y sus historias clínicas, está compuesto por módulos relacionados: configuración general, permite crear los perfiles de usuarios y los permisos para interactuar con el sistema; SCAPI muestra y gestiona toda la información relacionada con la historia clínica digital, la agenda de turnos, medios diagnósticos (estudios de reserva ovárica, espermogramas, ecografías ováricas, estudios hormonales, técnicas de baja y alta tecnología entre otros). Conclusiones: El Sistema de Gestión Hospitalaria para la atención de la pareja infértil, contribuye al objetivo de una mayor calidad de la atención al paciente pues gestiona la información de estos y sus historias clínicas de manera rápida, oportuna y fiable(AU)
Introduction: Biological infertility is a disease of the reproductive system that alters the psychological and social balance of couples. In Cuba there is a program for the treatment of infertile women and the Ministry of Public Health includes in its guidelines to implement the organizational bases, work system, indicators, functions and control that guarantee the improvement of the Program, including databases where couples treated for this reason are registered. Objective: To implement a Hospital Management System for the infertile couple care in the Holguín Territorial Center. Methods: A study of technological development was carried out using postgre SQL relational database system, Odoo tool, and Python programming language. Results: SCAPI allows to manage the information of patients and their medical records; it is made up of modules that are related to each other: the general configuration module which allows you to create user profiles and permissions to interact with the system; the SCAPI module which shows and manages all the information related to the digital medical history, appointment schedules, and diagnostic means (ovarian reserve studies, spermograms, ovarian ultrasound, hormonal studies, low and high technology techniques, among others). Conclusions: Hospital Management System for the care of infertile couples allows managing fast, timely and reliable information on patients and their medical records during care consultations for infertile couples with the aim of achieving a higher quality of patient care(AU)
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Humans , Male , Female , Hospital Administration , Infertility/epidemiology , CubaABSTRACT
El establecimiento de un sistema de gestión de la calidad es obligatorio para algunas instituciones de salud, entre las que se encuentra el Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, esto queda explícito en la Regulación D 03-21, que plantea la obligatoriedad de su cumplimiento para los laboratorios clínicos que se basan en técnicas de biología molecular. El objetivo del presente texto es exponer los presupuestos teóricos que sustentan un estudio sobre la gestión de la calidad en el mencionado laboratorio. Se realiza una revisión documental a partir de artículos publicados en el período comprendido de 2012-2022. Del total de las fuentes consultadas en las plataformas de acceso a bases de datos de la red de información de la salud cubana Infomed: PubMed, Scopus, SciELo, Redalyc, y Dialnet, se seleccionaron 33 para la revisión al considerar que abordaban el tema con mayor profundidad. La adopción de un sistema de gestión de la calidad garantiza y gestiona el alto nivel de los servicios, aumenta la satisfacción del cliente y el prestigio de la organización.
The establishment of a quality management system is mandatory for some health institutions, among which is the Molecular Biology Laboratory. This is explicit in Regulation D 03-21, which makes compliance mandatory for laboratories. clinical trials that are based on molecular biology techniques. The objective of this text is to present the theoretical assumptions that support a study on quality management in the aforementioned laboratory. A documentary review is carried out based on articles published in the period from 2012-2022. Of the total sources consulted on the database access platforms of the cuban health information network Infomed: PubMed, Scopus, SciELo, Redalyc, and Dialnet, 33 were selected for the review considering that they addressed the topic with greater depth. The adoption of a quality management system guarantees and manages the high level of services, increases customer satisfaction and the prestige of the organization.
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Background: E-learning is in a budding stage in developing countries. As present-day students are gadget-friendly, introducing a surgical e-learning module may create interest and help in understanding the surgeries easily. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of E-learning in improving the knowledge component of surgical procedures for undergraduate students and to analyze students’ feedback regarding its usefulness.Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted among 67 final-year MBBS students, who had completed 1 week of operation theatre (OT) posting in obstetrics and gynecology. Recording of videos for must-know surgeries in gynecology was done. Video editing and audio description of surgical steps were done. A YouTube channel was created and surgical videos were uploaded. Links to 2 surgical videos and additional teaching materials were uploaded to the college learning management system daily for 2 consecutive weeks. A telegram group was formed for posting questions daily. Pre-test and post-test were conducted and the results were analyzed.Results: The mean marks obtained in the pre-test were 6.567±1.9 and the post-test was 15.22±2.5 (Paired t test p=0.0001). Students mentioned that combining OT posting with an e-learning module helped them to build their knowledge of surgical procedures. Telegram quizzes helped them to increase their understanding of surgeries. 34 students wanted e-learning module to be conducted on other topics also.Conclusions: E-learning is highly effective in improving knowledge component of surgical procedures for undergraduate students. E-learning can be made more effective by adding formative assessment. Combining surgical e-learning module with operation theatre posting can enhance knowledge and understanding.
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Background: E-learning is in a budding stage in developing countries. As present-day students are gadget-friendly, introducing a surgical e-learning module may create interest and help in understanding the surgeries easily. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of E-learning in improving the knowledge component of surgical procedures for undergraduate students and to analyze students’ feedback regarding its usefulness.Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted among 67 final-year MBBS students, who had completed 1 week of operation theatre (OT) posting in obstetrics and gynecology. Recording of videos for must-know surgeries in gynecology was done. Video editing and audio description of surgical steps were done. A YouTube channel was created and surgical videos were uploaded. Links to 2 surgical videos and additional teaching materials were uploaded to the college learning management system daily for 2 consecutive weeks. A telegram group was formed for posting questions daily. Pre-test and post-test were conducted and the results were analyzed.Results: The mean marks obtained in the pre-test were 6.567±1.9 and the post-test was 15.22±2.5 (Paired t test p=0.0001). Students mentioned that combining OT posting with an e-learning module helped them to build their knowledge of surgical procedures. Telegram quizzes helped them to increase their understanding of surgeries. 34 students wanted e-learning module to be conducted on other topics also.Conclusions: E-learning is highly effective in improving knowledge component of surgical procedures for undergraduate students. E-learning can be made more effective by adding formative assessment. Combining surgical e-learning module with operation theatre posting can enhance knowledge and understanding.
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The European Union Medical Device Regulation (EUMDR 2017/745) requires medical device manufacturers to implement a risk-based approach to quality management system (ISO13485) processes. This article provides an overview of the importance of QMS processes in the medical device industry and explains the need to implement a risk-based approach to comply with EUMDR. Implementing a Risk-Based Approach to Quality Management System ISO-13485 Processes in Compliance with EUMDR 2017/745 for Medical Device Industry discusses the steps involved in implementing a risk-based approach to QMS processes, including identifying potential risks, evaluating and prioritizing risks, developing and implementing risk mitigation strategies, and monitoring and continuously improving QMS processes. Additionally, the article highlights the benefits of adopting a risk-based approach, such as improved product safety and efficacy, enhanced regulatory compliance, improved customer satisfaction, and cost savings. It also addresses the challenges in implementing a risk-based approach, including a lack of resources and expertise, resistance to change, and limited understanding of risk management principles. Overall, this article emphasizes the importance of a risk-based approach to QMS processes in the medical device industry to ensure the safety and effectiveness of medical devices and comply with regulatory requirements.
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Objectives: Web-based learning is becoming a newly accepted standard in education, more so with COVID-19 pandemic. To use technology to redesign learning experiences, a blend of synchronous and asynchronous approaches was used wherein the routine lectures through MS Teams (synchronous) were integrated with an online learning management system (LMS), ‘Moodle’ (modular object-oriented dynamic learning environment) based, four-quadrant approach (asynchronous). We aimed to determine the student’s engagement, performance and perception of the new online LMS. Materials and Methods: All 170 students of the 1st year MBBS of batch 2020 were enrolled in the course. A module was developed for teaching ‘Physiology of Vision’ with this blended approach. Along with routine online lectures through Microsoft Teams, supplementary materials in the form of multimedia presentations and additional links to useful websites were provided through online LMS. The online activity of students was recorded and assessments were done. A feedback form was filled out by students at the end of the course. Results: A significant positive correlation of examination scores with individual student’s activity logs and significantly better scores in top Moodle users along with significantly higher marks in Moodle-based modules than in other modules confirmed the value of Moodle in improving student performance. Overall feedback from students was clearly in favour of implementing Moodle as a complementary tool to traditional teaching. Conclusion: Moodle improved the quality of learning. It developed interest and motivation among students and has a positive impact on academic outcomes.
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Public hospitals are the mainstay of China's healthcare service system and play a crucial role in promoting the construction of a Healthy China.A scientific financial and accounting supervision system can effectively ensure the realization of the financial and accounting supervision objectives of public hospitals.Through the construction of the"1455"framework,it determines the goals and requirements for financial supervision,clarifies the functions,scope,and path of financial supervision.Taking China-Japan Friendship Hospital as an example,it summarizes the innovative practices and achievements in improving systems,strengthening budget management,and promoting digitalization,based on the five major systems and five functions of the supporting framework.It provides practical experience for the establishment and improvement of the financial supervision system in public hospitals,promotes the realization of the goals of financial supervision in the healthcare industry,and advances the modernization of the healthcare governance system and governance capabilities.
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Objective:To analyze the current situation of Investigator-Initiated Trials in medical and health institutions in Shandong Province, the problems in the process of conducting clinical research, and put forward proposals for the establishment of a clinical research management system with effective supervision, sound systems and supporting services, taking into account the progress of the projects since the pilot work was carried out.Methods:A questionnaire was created, an online survey was conducted, a database was set up, a status analysis was conducted and a post-launch analysis of the progress of the pilot was carried out using the National Medical Research Registry Information System, culminating in recommendations using the literature summary method and empirical analysis.Results:Statistical analysis of the questionnaire found that 29.39% of the institutions have a dedicated clinical research management department, and 75.97% of the institutions have a management approach. 25.52%, 40.30%, and 43.07% of institutions established biobanks, clinical research centers, and follow-up centers. There was a statistically significant difference in the establishment of clinical research centers, biobanks, and follow-up centers in secondary and tertiary medical institutions ( P<0.05). The number of general clinical research projects filed, the number of submissions and the number of ethics committees filed in the filing system have all increased significantly after the pilot work, with growth percentages of 126%, 141% and 62% respectively. Conclusions:Shandong Province clinical research pilot work has begun to bear fruit, the current clinical research project still exists in the lack of special funding support, perfect service platform and system support and training system to be improved and other issues.
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High-throughput sequencing has the characteristics of complex experimental procedures, multiple quality control nodes, and a high proportion of bioinformatics technology. It is difficult to uniformly management and reuse the related detection samples and data. In May 2023, a tertiary hospital launched the construction of a localized high-throughput sequencing management system. Based on the design principles of security, friendliness, compatibility, and scalability, the management system had established three core modules: standardized data collection integration, clinical high-throughput sequencing full process management, and scientific research services, as well as a large clinical high-throughput sequencing database of hospital. By connecting with big data storage devices, local and third-party high-throughput sequencing detection platforms, sample libraries, and user terminals, this system broke down the data barriers of high-throughput sequencing related systems and devices, and met the different application scenarios of physician users, technician users, management users, and scientific research users in the hospital. As of October 2023, the system had been integrated with two high-throughput sequencing manufacturer devices in a public network environment and hospital information systems in an internal network environment, improving data retrieval efficiency and achieving closed-loop management of high-throughput sequencing detection projects preliminary, which can provided references for promoting the standardized management of high-throughput sequencing projects in hospitals in China.
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Internet hospitals have grown into an important part in China′s medical service system, but their problems in quality and safety have been gradually exposed as well. Based on the analysis of existing problems and the concept of total quality management, the Internet Hospital of Tongji hospital of Tongji Medical College Affiliated to Huazhong University of Science and Technology has constructed a quality management system for Internet hospitals based on the diagnosis and treatment characteristics of Internet hospitals since January 2022. This system covered such dimensions as Internet hospital quality management guarantee system, online and offline integrated quality control system, and Internet diagnosis and treatment characteristic quality control system. It featured a management guarantee system from such basic guarantee aspects as improving the organizational guarantee, institutional guarantee, and personnel supervision of Internet hospital quality management. It also established an integrated online and offline quality control system from three aspects: basic quality control, link quality control, and final quality control. And based on the diagnosis and treatment characteristics of Internet hospitals, it established quality control systems for patients, doctor, and information security respectively. After implementing this quality management system, the Internet hospital′s patient visits in 2022 rose to 2 155 226 people, with an increase of 115% compared to 2021. The 24-hour response rate of doctors to graphic and textual consultations increased from 78.53% in 2021 to 91.10% in 2022. The proportion of follow-up patients who received examination and testing forms through Internet hospitals increased from 80.51% in 2021 to 82.64% in 2022. This practice could provide reference for the quality management construction of Internet hospitals in China.
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Experimental animals have made important contributions to human medical research and life and health. It is known that the development of laboratory animal science in Japan has been relatively rapid in the past few decades, providing important support for the development of the world's experimental animal field. Therefore, it is of great significance to understand the management mode and resource storage situation of Japanese experimental animals, analyze the advantages of Japanese experimental animal development, and propose suggestions to strengthen the high-quality development of experimental animals in China. Through literature research, the authors first analyzed the management system of experimental animals in Japan, including regulations and policies, research funding management, experimental animal management, talent cultivation, and standard and normative systems. Then, the current status of experimental animal research in Japan was summarized, including experimental animal resources, major research institutions, and production enterprises. On this basis, it was found that the field of experimental animal research in Japan currently exhibits characteristics such as a complete policy system, flexible management methods, rich resource reserves, and large-scale industrial development. Finally, by comparing the existing problems in China, suggestions for the development of experimental animal technology in China are proposed: (1) drawing on the legal management method of experimental animals in Japan, strengthening and improving the legislation and management model of experimental animals in China; (2) increaseing investment in scientific research funds, playing the role of research institutions, societies and industries, and promoting the incremental construction and industrial development of experimental animal resources.