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1.
Podium (Pinar Río) ; 18(1)abr. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1440748

ABSTRACT

La formación permanente de los egresados de la Licenciatura en Cultura Física y el Deporte en todo el país constituye una necesidad determinada por el desarrollo de la ciencia y la técnica, los cambios que se operan en el sistema educativo cubano, como expresión de la Tercera Revolución Educacional, y las propias necesidades de los egresados en aras de lograr su crecimiento en lo profesional y lo humano. En la investigación, se parte de diagnosticar las insuficiencias que presenta la formación continua de los profesores de Educación Física de la Educación Superior (EFS) egresados de la Facultad de Cultura Física de la Isla de la Juventud durante la etapa del adiestramiento laboral, factor que repercute en su desempeño laboral. La presente investigación tiene como objetivo diseñar acciones para la formación continua por competencias profesionales en los profesores de Educación Física de la Educación Superior. En aras de dar cumplimiento al objetivo, se emplearon métodos del nivel teórico, empírico y estadístico-matemático. Los fundamentos teóricos y metodológicos analizados permitieron determinar y adaptar las acciones para favorecer el desarrollo de competencias profesionales; estas acciones, se ofrecen como resultado para la formación por competencias profesionales de los profesores de Educación Física de la Educación Superior, en la Isla de la Juventud.


SÍNTESE A formação contínua dos diplomados da Licenciatura em Cultura Física e Desporto em todo o país é uma necessidade determinada pelo desenvolvimento da ciência e da tecnologia, pelas mudanças que ocorrem no sistema educativo cubano como expressão da Terceira Revolução Educativa, e pelas necessidades dos próprios diplomados para alcançar o seu crescimento profissional e humano. A investigação baseia-se num diagnóstico das insuficiências da formação contínua dos professores de Educação Física no Ensino Superior (EFS) diplomados da Faculdade de Cultura Física da Ilha da Juventude durante a fase de formação profissional, um factor que tem repercussões no seu desempenho profissional. O objectivo desta investigação é conceber acções para a formação contínua por competências profissionais dos professores de Educação Física no Ensino Superior. A fim de alcançar este objectivo, foram utilizados métodos teóricos, empíricos e matemáticos-estatísticos. Os fundamentos teóricos e metodológicos analisados permitiram determinar e adaptar as acções para favorecer o desenvolvimento das competências profissionais; estas acções são oferecidas como resultado para a formação por competências profissionais de professores de Educação Física no Ensino Superior na Ilha da Juventude.


The permanent formation of the graduates of the Degree in Physical Culture and Sports throughout the country constitutes a need determined by the development of science and technology, the changes that are taking place in the Cuban educational system, as an expression of the Third Educational Revolution, and the own needs of the graduates in order to achieve their growth in the professional and the human. In the research, it is started with diagnosing the insufficiencies presented by the continuous training of Physical Education teachers of Higher Education (EFS) graduated from the Faculty of Physical Culture of the La Isla de la Juventud during the job training stage, a factor that affects their job performance. The objective of this research is to design actions for continuous training by professional competencies in Physical Education teachers of Higher Education. In order to fulfill the objective, methods of the theoretical, empirical and statistical-mathematical level were used. The theoretical and methodological foundations analyzed allowed determining and adapting the actions to favor the development of professional skills; these actions are offered as a result for the training by professional competencies of Physical Education teachers of Higher Education, on the La Isla de la Juventud.

2.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385831

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN: El desarrollo de competencias transversales es un aspecto relevante en el currículum de pregrado de Odontología, sin embargo, existe escasa evidencia sobre su presencia en los planes de estudio nacionales. El objetivo de esta investigación fue conocer la presencia de asignaturas centradas en competencias transversales en la carrera de Odontología de las universidades chilenas. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de diseño transversal, revisando las mallas curriculares publicadas en la web por cada universidad que dictó el pregrado de Odontología el año 2020, con proceso de admisión abierto. De las 19 universidades consultadas, todas exhibieron en sus mallas curriculares asignaturas asociadas a competencias transversales y distribuidas a lo largo de los seis años del plan de estudios. Al utilizar la agrupación de competencias transversales propuesta por el Proyecto Tuning América Latina, se observó que las asignaturas relacionadas con los procesos cognitivos asociados al aprendizaje eran las más numerosas y suponían el 41 % del total; las vinculadas con los valores sociales correspondieron al 34 %; las asociadas al contexto tecnológico e internacional representaron el 20 %; mientras que las relacionadas con las habilidades interpersonales, solo alcanzaron un 5 %. Debido a su escasa presencia, es posible concluir que gran parte de los aprendizajes relacionados con el entrenamiento en habilidades interpersonales se encuentren resguardados en el currículum oculto y que probablemente estén a cargo del modelaje docente que se realiza diariamente en la práctica clínica. Como propuesta de futuro, el estudio sugiere mejorar la formación en competencias transversales de los egresados de odontología de las universidades chilenas.


ABSTRACT: The development of transversal competencies is a relevant aspect in the dental undergraduate curriculum. However, there is insufficient evidence about its implementation in national curriculums. The aim of this research was to know whether or not the courses are focused on transversal competencies in dental programs of Chilean universities. To accomplish this, a descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out. This research was based on the review of the curriculums published on the websites of each university that awarded undergraduate degrees in dentistry in 2020, and facilitated an open admission process. Of the 19 universities studied, all had courses associated with transversal competencies in their dental curriculum. These were distributed throughout the six years of the curriculum. Using the grouping of transversal competencies, as proposed by the Latin America Tuning Project, it was shown that courses related to cognitive learning processes were the most represented of the subjects, corresponding to 41 % of all courses studied. Those related to social values corresponded to 34 %; courses associated with informational technology and those within the international context represented 20 %; while the courses related to interpersonal skills only reached 5 %. Due to the fact that the courses related to interpersonal skills were scarce, it could be concluded that a large part of this learning is included in the hidden curriculum and is probably achieved via instructional modeling as part of the daily clinical practice. As a proposal for the future, this research suggests that we need to improve the training in transversal competencies for the dental graduates of Chilean universities.

3.
Más Vita ; 3(2): 15-22, jun 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1253889

ABSTRACT

La Atención Prehospitalaria (APH) es uno de los pilares fundamentales de los Sistemas de Emergencias Médicas que intenta brindar la mejor asistencia, en el menor tiempo y al menor costo. Para eso requiere componentes principales como recursos humanos y recursos físicos. Objetivo: Determinar si las competencias profesionales del personal del Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social (IESS) de la Ciudad de Guayaquil responden al Servicio de Atención Prehospitalaria de acuerdo con los perfiles legales de contratación. Materiales y métodos: La investigación es de enfoque cuantitativo, de diseño observacional, prospectivo y de corte transversal. El tipo de estudio es descriptivo; gracias a que permitió recoger información y medir de manera individual o grupal la variable estudiada. La población de este estudio se constituyó por los profesionales con cargo de paramédicos del Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social de la Ciudad de Guayaquil, los cuales son un total de 32 profesionales. Resultados: Una vez obtenido los datos se reflejó que, el 56,3% de los profesionales son de sexo femenino. Con respecto al título de los profesionales registrado en el Senescyt, solo el 56,3% lo posee de manera incompleto. El 56,3% de los profesionales tienen el puesto de paramédico 1. El 81,3% cumple con su tiempo de experiencia en el trabajo equivalente. En el aseguramiento de la escena el 46,9% cumple lo requerido. Los procedimientos en la atención Prehospitalaria del IESS es uno de los puntos de suma importancia en este estudio, ya que se identificó que el 65,6% cumple de manera parcial este procedimiento de atención. Conclusión: En la revisión de las competencias deducimos que no todo el personal fue contratado de acuerdo al perfil de contratación emitido por el MDT. Se Pudo observar una clara diferencia entre los perfiles de contratación entre paramédico 1 al paramédico 5, lo cuales tienen diferentes tipos de relevancia, lo que nos demuestra que hay una falta de formación a todos los niveles(AU)


Prehospital Care (PHC) is one of the fundamental pillars of Emergency Medical Systems that attempts to provide the best assistance, in the shortest time and at the lowest cost. For this purpose, it requires main components such as human resources and physical resources. Objective: To determine if the professional competencies of the personnel of the Ecuadorian Institute of Social Security (IESS) in the city of Guayaquil respond to the Prehospital Care Service in accordance with the legal hiring profiles. Materials and methods: The research has a quantitative approach, observational, prospective and cross-sectional design. The type of study is descriptive, since it allowed the collection of information and the individual or group measurement of the studied variable. The population of this study consisted of 32 professionals working as paramedics at the Ecuadorian Institute of Social Security in the city of Guayaquil. The results: Once the data were obtained, 56.3% of the professionals were female. With respect to the degree of the professionals registered in Senescyt, only 56.3% of them have incomplete degrees. For the professionals, 56.3% have the position of paramedic 1. 81.3% have the equivalent amount of work experience. In securing the scene, 46.9% meet the requirements. Pre-hospital care procedures at the IESS is one of the most important points in this study, since 65.6% of the patients were found to be partially compliant with these care procedures. Conclusion: In the review of competencies, we deduced that not all personnel were hired according to the hiring profile issued by the MDT. We could observe a clear difference between the hiring profiles between paramedic 1 to paramedic 5, which have different types of relevance, which shows that there is a lack of training at all levels(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Professional Competence , Health Personnel , Prehospital Care/ethics , Hospital Care , Job Description , Bioethics , Emergency Medical Services , Patient Outcome Assessment
4.
Bol. méd. Hosp. Infant. Méx ; 74(2): 164-172, mar.-abr. 2017. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-888610

ABSTRACT

Resumen: Este ensayo (en dos partes) acerca del papel que juega la educación en nuestro tiempo inicia con una afirmación: para captar lo medular de la educación en boga, es preciso caracterizar la sociedad respectiva. Así, se identifican los rasgos distintivos del mundo actual, que llevan a definirlo como ''el agotamiento y la ruina de una civilización basada en el lucro sin límites'', del cual se infiere el carácter pasivo de la educación ''realmente existente'' que mantiene el statu quo y preserva los atributos degradantes de las sociedades actuales: pasividad, individualismo, competitividad, consumismo y alta vulnerabilidad al control y la manipulación. En la disyuntiva: competencia o aptitud no son sinónimos, sino conceptos propios de enfoques radicalmente distintos de entender y practicar la educación. La competencia es lo actual de la educación pasiva basada en una idea de conocimiento como consumo, acumulación y retención de información. La aptitud es emblema de la educación participativa, motivo de la segunda parte. La educación pasiva, presente en el modelo educativo por competencias profesionales, se especifica en términos de programas, perfiles, niveles, actividades escolares, evaluación, idea de progreso y consecuencias sociales. Se argumenta que, lejos de ser palanca de progreso auténtico y primacía de los valores que sustentan la superación espiritual, intelectual y moral de la condición humana, es ''cómplice'' del colapso civilizatorio.


Abstract: This paper begins with a statement: It is necessary to characterize the respective society to be able to understand the education's core. Distinctive features of the present-day world lead us to define it as the ruin of a civilization based on limitless financial gain, where education has a passive quality, responsible of maintaining the status quo as well as preserving the degrading attributes of actual societies: individualism, passivity, competitiveness, consumerism and high vulnerability to control and manipulation. About the dilemma: competency or aptitude, these are not synonyms but concepts pertaining radically different approaches to the practice and understanding of education. Competency represents the actual tendencies of passive education, where knowledge is just about acquiring information. Aptitude refers to participatory education, described in the second part of this essay. The passive education is present in the professional competencies model, specified in terms of curricula, profiles, levels, school activities, evaluation, concept of progress and social consequences. This paradigm does not foster real progress—defined as the primacy of values sustaining spiritual, intellectual and moral development but as an ''accomplice'' of the civilization's collapse.


Subject(s)
Humans , Professional Competence , Models, Educational , Competency-Based Education/organization & administration , Aptitude , Curriculum
5.
EmRede: Rev. Educ. a Dist ; 4(1): 38-51, 2017.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, RHS | ID: biblio-877410

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: Este artigo faz uma análise do modelo pedagógico utilizado no período inicial de implantação (2009-2012) e funcionamento do Sistema Universidade Aberta do Sistema Único de Saúde (UNA-SUS), OBJETIVOS: identificaR os marcos conceituais que apoiam o desenvolvimento das ações educacionais e o seu alinhamento com as necessidades de aprendizagem dos profissionais de saúde frente ao modelo de atenção à saúde do SUS. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Discute ainda, se a inclusão das competências profissionais em saúde e a efetiva incorporação da educação permanente em saúde nas ações pedagógicas, desenvolvidas pelas Instituições de Ensino Superior na UNA-SUS, pode ser um fator promotor do maior alinhamento dessas ações educacionais com as necessidades do serviço no ponto do cuidado. CONCLUSÃO: Para a efetivação desse modelo, há suficientes recursos técnicos e pedagógicos disponíveis na rede UNA-SUS, tais como: redes sociais de aprendizagem, gamificação, simulações e jogos, além das pesquisas acumuladas sobre o uso das competências profissionais na educação em saúde.


INTRODUCTION: This article analyzes the pedagogical model used in the initial implementation (2009-2012) and operation of the Open University of SUS (UNASUS). OBJECTIVE: identifying the conceptual frameworks which supports the development of educational actions and their alignment with the learning goals established, based on the model of health care recommended by SUS. MATERIAL AND METHODS It also discusses whether the inclusion of Health professionals competencies as reference and the effective incorporation of lifelong Pedagogical actions, developed by UNA-SUS, may be a factor promoting greater alignment of these actions with the needs identified in the health services network. CONCLUSION: For the implementation of this model, there are sufficient technical and pedagogical resources available on the UNA-SUS network, such as: social learning networks, gamification, simulations and games, as well as accumulated research on the use of skills professionals in health education


Subject(s)
Humans , Universities/organization & administration , Unified Health System/trends , Education, Distance/organization & administration , Professional Competence , Health Personnel/education , Education, Continuing , Health Human Resource Training
6.
Educ. med. super ; 30(2): 0-0, abr.-jun. 2016.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-794554

ABSTRACT

Las competencias de los profesionales han constituido una preocupación de los sistemas de salud para incrementar la calidad de los servicios que brinda y ha exigido a las universidades médicas que aporte a un profesional con adecuada capacidad y modo de actuación. En el trabajo se expuso el surgimiento y desarrollo histórico del concepto de competencias, se realizó un análisis de sus principales definiciones, clasificaciones, enfoques y tendencias, así como su relación con el desempeño laboral; lo que permitió hacer a los autores una propuesta de definición, establecer posiciones y fundamentar la importancia del desarrollo de las competencias profesionales a partir de los principios de la Educación Médica cubana y de que la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas forma parte del Sistema Nacional de Salud.


The professional competencies have been a concern of health systems to increase the quality of services provided and demanded to medical universities to provide a professional with adequate capacity and performance mode. At work the emergence and historical development of the concept of competence was exposed, an analysis of its key definitions, classifications, approaches and trends and their relationship to job performance took place; allowing make the authors a proposed definition, establish positions and support the importance of the development of professional skills from the principles of the Cuban Medical Education and the University of Medical Sciences is part of the National Health System.


Subject(s)
Humans , Professional Competence , Health Systems , Occupational Health/education , Education, Medical
8.
Educ. med. super ; 29(3): 0-0, jul.-set. 2015. ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, RHS | ID: lil-769317

ABSTRACT

Se realizó un estudio, donde se aplicó un pre-experimento desde las Ciencias Pedagógicas, que nos permitió comparar los resultados de dos pruebas de desempeño realizadas a una muestra de profesionales de la Enfermería, de los hospitales clínicos quirúrgicos y especializados del segundo y tercer nivel de atención de salud de La Habana. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar la necesidad de una formación posgraduada para Enfermería en servicios clínico-quirúrgicos, para satisfacer las necesidades de aprendizaje de estos profesionales y elevar la calidad de la atención a los pacientes en hospitales. Se aplicó una prueba de desempeño antes de la intervención y otra después, en una muestra pareada no paramétrica. Estas pruebas se realizaron previa identificación de competencias profesionales especializadas para la Enfermería Clínico-Quirúrgica, las que dieron como resultados la necesidad de una formación posgraduada para estos profesionales y que con la intervención propuesta, se logró un mejoramiento en el desempeño profesional y la satisfacción de los pacientes con la atención de enfermería recibida.


A study was conducted where a pre-experiment was applied in pedagogic sciences which allowed us to compare the results of two performance tests carried out in a sample of nursing professionals and of clinical surgical hospital professionals and 2nd and 3rd degree specialists in La Habana province. This study was aimed to identify the need for postgraduate formation for clinical and surgical nursing in order to meet the learning requirements of these professionals and to increase the quality of care in hospitals. A performance test was made before and after the intervention using non-parametric paired sample. These tests were carried out after determining the specialized professional competencies for the clinical and surgical nursing and yielded as results the need for postgraduate formation. The suggested intervention managed to improve the professional performance and to make patients feel satisfied with the nursing care rendered.


Subject(s)
Professional Competence , Education, Nursing, Graduate
10.
Educ. med. super ; 29(2): 0-0, abr.-jun. 2015. ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-759123

ABSTRACT

Introducción: la calidad de la formación y de la práctica médica es expresión del nivel de competencias alcanzado por sus profesionales. La especialidad de Medicina Intensiva y Emergencia (MIE) en Cuba no ha definido sus competencias profesionales. Objetivo: establecer las bases teórico-metodológicas que sustenten la identificación y normalización de las competencias profesionales del especialista en MIE. Métodos: investigación de desarrollo en la que se aplican métodos teóricos y empíricos, y fundamentalmente técnicas cualitativas. Resultados: se definió la utilización de una metodología mixta basada en el análisis ocupacional funcional a partir de las funciones claves y específicas identificadas en estudio anterior. Se delimitaron los criterios de selección de los profesionales que integran los grupos de expertos que continuarán su trabajo en la investigación. Se expresa la primera aproximación a la identificación de los elementos y unidades de competencias pertenecientes al área de competencias asistenciales del médico intensivista. Se definen las bases para la normalización de las competencias identificadas y se ejemplificó su despliegue en una ficha de normalización, que se convierte en una norma o estándar para la especialidad. Conclusiones: se establecen las bases metodológicas para la identificación y normalización de las competencias profesionales del especialista en MIE. Se presentan los primeros resultados en la identificación y normalización de las competencias asistenciales del intensivista cubano, que deberá continuar con la participación activa de otros grupos de expertos y destacados profesores de la especialidade.


Introduction: the quality of medical formation and practice expresses the level of competencies attained by the health professionals. The professional competencies of the intensive and emergency medicine in Cuba have not been so far defined. Objectives: to set the theoretical and methodological basis supporting the identification and standardization of professional competencies in the intensive and emergency medicine specialist. Methods: developmental research that applies theoretical and empirical methods, mainly the qualitative techniques. Results: the use of a combined methodology, based on the functional occupational analysis covering the key specific functions identified in a previous study, was defined. The selection criteria of professionals who are members of the expert groups were also specified. There was expressed the first approach to identification of elements and units of competencies within the area of assistance competencies of the intensive physician. The basis for standardization of the set competencies were defined along with their exemplification in a standardization index that turns into a standard for this specialty. Conclusions: the methodological basis for identification and standardization of professional competencies of intensive and emergency specialist are set. The first results of the identification and standardization of assistance competencies of the Cuban intensive medicine expert are presented. This research work will be continued with the active involvement of other groups of experts and outstanding professors in this specialty.


Subject(s)
Emergency Medicine , Methodology as a Subject , Professional Competence
11.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-464152

ABSTRACT

This article analyzed the current problems existing in the public health master cur-ricula system, such as educational ideas being backward, tralning objectives not explicit, curricula teaching unsatisfactory and effects of practical curriculum needing to be improved. Based on the pro-fessional competencies, we discussed the ideas and principles of the new curricula system of master of public health, and proposed making sure of a refined professional competencies, making strict traln-ing standards, confirming tralning objectives, embodying advantages, setting up reasonable curricula, fostering practical abilities, strengthening cooperation and carrying on professional identification.

12.
Univ. psychol ; 13(1): 207-215, ene.-mar. 2014. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-726971

ABSTRACT

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar el modo en el que las competencias genéricas que recoge el modelo de Bartram pueden ser indicativas del desempeño en el puesto de trabajo en una muestra de 95 trabajadores, 56 hombres y 39 mujeres del sector de casinos. Se formó a un miembro de la organización de estudio para que realizase la evaluación del nivel de desarrollo de las competencias de cada trabajador, y se administró un cuestionario a todos los superiores y responsables de equipo con el fin de que puntuaran el desempeño laboral de los empleados a su cargo. Después de analizar los datos obtenidos, se puede destacar que mediante un análisis de correlación canónica aparece que el conjunto de competencias evaluadas es un buen predictor del desempeño contextual y en menor medida del desempeño de tarea. Dicho modelo se puede reducir a cinco destrezas básicas, entre las que sobresale el valor pronóstico de la capacidad de Trabajo en equipo.


The aim of this study was to analyse whether the Bartram's model of Greit Competencies could predict the job performance. A sample of 95 workers, 56 men and 39 women, from the casinos sector was used. A member of this gambling company was trained to evaluate workers' levels of competency. Moreover, a questionnaire was administered to managers and supervisors in order to evaluate the staff performance. After analysing the data using canonical regression, the results showed that the set of Bartram's competencies is a good predictor for contextual performance and it is less relevant for task performance. This model could be reduced to five basic competencies, highlighting teamwork skills.


Subject(s)
Professional Competence , Psychology , Spain
13.
Rev. chil. ter. ocup ; 13(2): 21-31, dic. 2013. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-768941

ABSTRACT

El estudio está orientado a mejorar la calidad de la formación profesional en el área de la salud, de los Terapeutas Ocupacionales de la Universidad de Playa Ancha de Ciencias de la Educación, Valparaíso, para tal efecto se determinan las competencias profesionales implícitas en el diseño del Plan de Estudios de formación profesional de Terapia Ocupacional, y se describe el nivel de aprobación de los Profesores Guía de Práctica Profesional de los egresados del Plan de Estudios el año 2004, respecto de su formación en las distintas áreas de la salud donde ellos realizan su práctica profesional. Los resultados describen el logro del desempeño de las competencias profesionales de Terapia Ocupacional, mostrando áreas específicas de la disciplina factibles de mejorar.


The study aims to improve the quality of vocational training in the area of health, occupational therapists at the University of Playa Ancha Science Education, Valparaíso; for this purpose are determined skills implicit in the design of curriculum training of Occupational Therapy, and describes the level of approval of the Faculty Practice Guide of the graduates curriculum 2004, for training in different areas of health where they perform their professional practice. The results describe the achievement of the performance of the professional skills of Occupational Therapy; showing specific areas of the discipline may be improved.


Subject(s)
Humans , Competency-Based Education , Occupational Therapy , Professional Competence , Professional Practice , Chile
14.
Rev. cuba. med. gen. integr ; 28(4): 668-681, oct.-dic. 2012.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-660171

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: incrementar la adquisición de competencias profesionales en los estudiantes de médicina familiar ubicados mayoritariamente en sedes académicas cuya supervisión y asesoría resulta difícil, por distancia, ubicación geográfica y turno laboral. Métodos: se creó un grupo de expertos integrado por nueve profesores que incluyó a tres especialistas en medicina familiar, dos terapeutas familiares, un subespecialista en orientación familiar, un maestro en educación médica, un psiquiatra y una psicóloga. Su misión fue desarrollar un instrumento piloto, que permitiera apreciar la práctica profesional de los médicos a través de los videos. Finalmente, se decidió valorar cinco dimensiones: 1. Imagen personal y profesional, 2. Imagen del consultorio, 3. Comunicación verbal y no verbal, 4. Práctica clínica y 5. Abordaje familiar. Se describen cada una de las dimensiones valoradas. Resultados: se obtuvo una herramienta valiosa para el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje en medicina familiar, que permitió mejorar las habilidades y destrezas del médico en el abordaje del paciente y la familia así como el asesoramiento del profesor al alumno en el desarrollo de las habilidades clínicas y las actitudes en la consulta cotidiana. Conclusiones: la herramienta presentada es una estrategia educativa que busca finalmente, incrementar las capacidades del médico familiar para que pueda otorgar una mejor atención al paciente y su familia


Objective: to increase the acquisition of professional competences in those family medicine students who are mostly located in academic institutions and are difficult to be supervised and advised, due to distance, geographic location and work shifts. Methods: a group of experts made up of nine professors including three family medicine specialists, two family therapists, a family counseling specialist, a medical education professor, a psychiatrist and a psychologist was created. The mission of this group was to develop a pilot instrument that allows observing the professional practice of the physicians through videos. Finally, five dimensions were chosen to be assessed: 1- personal and professional image, 2- the physician's office image, 3- verbal and non-verbal communication, 4-Clinical practice and 5-Family approach. All these assessed dimensions were described in the paper. Results: a valuable tool for the teaching/learning process was obtained. It allowed improving the abilities and dexterities of the physician in dealing with the patient and the family, as well as the possibilities of the professor for giving advice to the student in terms of development of clinical abilities and individual attitudes in the daily medical work. Conclusions: the tool described in this paper is an educational strategy aimed at increasing the capacities of the family physicians to provide better care to their patients and families


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Competency-Based Education/methods , Family Practice/education , Video-Audio Media
15.
Interdisciplinaria ; 28(2): 299-322, dic. 2011. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-639641

ABSTRACT

El trabajo que se informa presenta los resultados finales del diseño y validación de contenido de un diccionario de competencias genéricas para el profesional en Psicología. Se hace un recuento de las diferentes definiciones dadas al concepto de competencia, desde el enfoque sociolingüístico de Hymes (1972) y del desempeño en el trabajo (McClelland, 1973). Se concluye que éstas integran el saber ser (automotivación, iniciativa y trabajo colaborativo con otros), el saber conocer (observar, explicar, comprender y analizar) y el saber hacer (desempeño basado en procedimientos y estrategias) (Braslavsky & Acosta, 2006; Cejas, 2003; Echeverría, 2002; Ibarra, 2000; Tobón, 2004). Se propone una clasificación teórica del concepto de competencia, retomando autores como Álvarez, Gómez y Ratto (2004), Peiró (2003) y Roe (2003), entre otros, la cual realiza una distinción entre competencias académicas, profesionales y laborales. Se utilizan los planteamientos de Montero y León (2005), así como los de Carretero y Pérez (2007), quienes proveen las herramientas y criterios metodológicos para la validación del diccionario de competencias mediante la evaluación de seis jueces expertos y la aplicación piloto de un instrumento a siete estudiantes y 16 egresados de la Carrera de Psicología. Los resultados de la investigación permitieron la creación de un diccionario de competencias para uso público, el cual constituye una herramienta oportuna para afrontar los retos, demandas y posibilidades para el desempeño del psicólogo, dados los cambios socioeconómicos, demográficos y culturales del Siglo XX1 que influyen sobre la formación y funciones del profesional.


The following article presents the final results of the design and content validation of a generic competencies dictionary for the trained psychologist. Different authors, such as Collazos and Garcia (1999), argue that the research and identification of competencies have helped to solve the weakness of traditional psychometric tests used to predict worker's productivity. Moreover, Peiró (2003) mentions that in defining the objectives to be achieved by education, it is required to determine the qualifications or competencies that should have a professional. However, in the field of Psychology, there is little research leading to the development of tools for identifying and evaluating competencies among students and professionals (ANECA, 2005; Castro Solano, 2004; González, 2007; Herrera, Restrepo & Uribe, 2008; Pérez-Santamarina & López, 2006; Ruiz, Jaraba & Romero, 2005; Uribe, Aristizábal, Barona & López, 2009). A theoretical overview of the concept of competency has been made, taking in to account different approaches, like the sociolinguistic (Hymes, 1972) and the job performance (McClelland, 1973). From the revised definitions and interpretations given to the concept of competence, it is concluded that they integrate self-knowledge (motivation, initiative, and teamwork with others), self-teaching (observation, explanation, comprehension, and analysis), and ‘know-how' (performance based on strategies and procedures) (Braslavsky & Acosta, 2006; Cejas, 2003; Echeverría, 2002; Ibarra, 2000; Tobón, 2004). Different classifications to the concept of competencies that have been applied to different contexts were also reviewed. For instance, Gordillo (2003) argues that competencies can be grouped into methodological, technical, social, and individual. Álvarez, Gómez, and Ratto (2004) classify them in technique and general competencies, similar to the one proposed by Ruiz, Jaraba, and Romero (2008) and the Agencia Nacional de Evaluación de la Calidad y Acreditación (ANECA, 2005), whoever divide them in general (or transverse) and specific competencies. For the purpose of this research and taking in to account these classifications, it is proposed for this work a distinction between academic, professional, and work-related generic competencies. The creation of the generic competencies dictionary for the trained psychologists followed the guidelines for instrumental studies as suggested by Montero and León (2005) and Carretero and Pérez (2007): the conceptual outline of the evaluation subject, and the design and qualitative evaluation of the items. In the content validation by expert evaluators, participated six professional psychologists with expertise in the fields of research methodology and Organizational Psychology, who are teachers of the Department of Social Sciences from a private university in Cali (Colombia). Subsequently, the pilot application of the instrument was attended by 23 people: 7 final year students of the Career of Psychology and 16 graduates of the same university. These research findings led to the creation of a generic competencies dictionary for public use, composed by 13 academic competencies, 12 professional competencies, and 10 work-related competencies. This dictionary is the result of a research aimed to identify the most significant competencies, as well as the definitions that fit these best, to ensure the recognition of crucial requirements in the field and their adequate implementation among psychologists. It is concluded that this dictionary is useful to understand standards and determine competencies that a professional psychologist must obtain from educational institutions, at least in the work and academic contexts where the research was conducted. It also constitutes a timely contribution to meet the challenges, demands, and possibilities of professional performance, given the socio-economic, demographic, and cultural changes of the 21st century, which impact the training and functions of a professional psychologist.

16.
Educ. med. super ; 25(3): 234-243, jul.-set. 2011.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-617239

ABSTRACT

En la década de los 80, numerosos países industrializados comenzaron a percatarse que el recurso más distintivo de sus empresas lo constituían sus trabajadores, y que los resultados exitosos en el desempeño laboral estaban más asociados a características individuales que a los títulos y certificaciones obtenidas, por lo que comienza a tomar auge el enfoque de competencias laborales o profesionales. Esto produjo que la capacitación se volcara a este aspecto y que se introdujera el término en la formación técnica y profesional. Las competencias profesionales han pasado a ser de interés en las universidades para sus diseños curriculares, para lograr el profesional idóneo, con capacidad de comunicarse, trabajar en colectivo y manejar determinadas actitudes, destrezas, conocimientos y habilidades para resolver situaciones nuevas y generalizar aprendizajes, así está por encima de la rápida obsolescencia de los conocimientos. El presente trabajo aborda los orígenes del término competencias y su vínculo con la educación superior


In the 80´s, many industrialized countries realized that the most distinctive resource of their companies was the working force and that the successful results in their work performance were more linked to the individual characteristics than to degrees and certifications, hence the work or professional competency approach began its booming. This brought about the emphasis of training on this aspect and the introduction of this term into the technical and professional formation. Professional competencies have turned into a topic of interest for the curricular designs in universities in order to attain the ideal professional capable of communicating, working in group and managing certain attitudes, dexterities, knowledge and abilities to solve unexpected situations and to generalize learning; he is ahead of the rapid obsolescence of knowledge. The present paper dealt with the origin of the term competency and its linking to higher education


Subject(s)
Curriculum , Educational Measurement , Medical Staff, Hospital , Professional Competence
17.
Educ. med. super ; 25(3): 361-371, jul.-set. 2011.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-617252

ABSTRACT

A partir de consideraciones teóricas fundamentadas esencialmente en el papel del sistema nervioso central en la determinación de la conducta, se proponen y argumentan 5 propuestas doctrinales, vinculadas a la naturaleza y aplicabilidad en el ámbito educacional de las competencias profesionales, a saber: 1: La competencia es un estado fisiológico. 2: Los componentes de la competencia son mentales y motosensoriales. 3: La competencia profesional se establece por los límites de la responsabilidad. 4: Las competencias se incorporan a través de sus componentes. 5: la naturaleza de los componentes de la competencia constituye la guía para la planificación del proceso docente. Se discute cómo los fundamentos neurofisiológicos del aprendizaje pueden constituir un abordaje fructífero en relación con la formación por competencias y servir de guía en el planeamiento y desarrollo de las actividades docentes concretas


Starting from a theoretical background, essentially founded on the behavior determining function of the central nervous system, we propose and substantiate five doctrinal proposals which are linked to the nature and applicability of professional competencies in the educational environment; these are: 1: Competence is a physiological state. 2: Competence components are mental and motosensorials. 3: Professional competence is established by responsibility limits. 4: Competences are acquired through their components. 5: Nature of competence components guides planning of teaching process. We discuss how neurophysiological fundamentals of the learning process can provide a fruitful approach in connection with competence based formation and become a guide in planning and performing of concrete teaching activities


Subject(s)
Curriculum , Learning , Professional Competence
18.
Eureka (Asunción, En línea) ; 8(2): 158-170, 2011. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-692695

ABSTRACT

Uno de los procedimientos para la identificación de las competencias profesionales en Educación Superior ha sido la consulta a los actores involucrados. El objetivo del presente estudio es estimar la "fiabilidad" de las percepciones mediante la verificación del grado de acuerdo entre respondentes considerados individual y colectivamente como estamentos académicos. Un cuestionario sobre competencias, aplicado a cuatro estamentos de la carrera de Ingeniería civil de la Universidad Católica de Asunción, produjo los datos de base. Para el propósito mencionado, se emplearon técnicas multivariadas como el Análisis Factorial, el Escalamiento Multidimensional y el Análisis de Perfiles. Los resultados del estudio sugieren una fiabilidad aceptable de las percepciones colectivas e individuales. Desde la perspectiva metodológica la información obtenida resulta plausible y útil para la toma de decisiones académicas.


One of the procedures for the identification of skills in higher education has been the consultation of stakeholders. The aim of this study was to estimate the "reliability" of perceptions by checking the degree of agreement among respondents considered individually and collectively as academic category. A questionnaire on skills, applied to four levels of the civil engineering career at the Catholic University of Asuncion, produced the data base. For the purpose mentioned, we used multivariate techniques such as factor analysis, multidimensional scaling and Profile Analysis. The results suggest an acceptable reliability of individual and collective perceptions. From the methodological perspective the information obtained is credible and useful for making academic decisions.

19.
Estud. psicol. (Natal) ; 12(2): 149-158, maio-ago. 2007. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-474128

ABSTRACT

Este estudo objetivou revisar criticamente a produção científica nacional sobre competências no trabalho. Foram analisados relatos de pesquisas empíricas sobre o tema, publicados no período de 1996 a 2004 em importantes periódicos brasileiros das áreas de Psicologia e Administração. Buscando caracterizar essas investigações, foram discutidos os enfoques teóricos utilizados pelos autores, os propósitos e as opções metodológicas de suas pesquisas, os instrumentos de coleta de dados e os procedimentos de análise utilizados, entre outros aspectos. Foram discutidos também lacunas e limitações das pesquisas, procurando-se revelar carências e questões relevantes para estudo, bem como apresentar recomendações sobre estratégias de investigação. Constatou-se a predominância de estudos que buscam identificar competências relevantes a determinados papéis ocupacionais, bem como daqueles que examinam a contribuição de processos de aprendizagem para o desenvolvimento de competências. Diante da carência de investigações empíricas sobre o tema, ao final é sugerida uma agenda para pesquisas futuras.


This paper aimed to review the Brazilian scientific studies on competencies at work that were published between 1996 and 2004 in important Brazilian journals from the areas of Psychology and Business Administration. Empirical studies on the subject were identified and systematically analyzed, characterizing these inquiries, the theoretical approaches adopted by the authors, their intentions and methodological options used, the instruments of data collection and the procedures of analysis, among other aspects. Problems and limitations of the inquiries were discussed, aiming to disclose gaps and relevant questions for study, as well as presenting recommendations on research strategies. It has been evidenced the predominance of studies that attempted to identify relevant competencies to some occupational positions, as well as those that examined the contribution of learning processes for the development of competencies. Considering the lack of empirical inquiries on this subject, an agenda for future research is suggested in the end.


Subject(s)
Employee Performance Appraisal , Learning , Methodology as a Subject , Models, Theoretical , Organization and Administration , Professional Competence , Scientific and Technical Publications
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