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1.
Chinese Medical Ethics ; (6): 489-493, 2024.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1012927

ABSTRACT

The construction of the scientific and technological ethics management system is crucial to ensure the healthy development of scientific research, and is also the premise and foundation for the scientific and technological innovation and "double first-class" construction of colleges and universities. This paper through the investigation of college life science and medical research ethics committees’ relevant situation, concentrated on the comparative analysis of the construction of ethics training system to identify problems and shortcomings, combined with the work example of Peking University and the current development trend of life science and medical research, some suggestions, including take advantage of the combination of medical services, teaching and research at universities, were put forward to provide possible reference for further updating of the science and technology ethics management in colleges and universities.

2.
Chinese Medical Ethics ; (6): 589-596, 2024.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1012946

ABSTRACT

The ethical governance of science and technology is a kind of practical ethics, which develops in the process of continuously solving the ethical problems and ethical conflicts arising from scientific and technological activities. Ethical governance has common requirements and professional standards. Health-related science and technology activities, including the application of life science and artificial intelligence in health and medical field, make the medical ethical governance face common and unique challenges. The supervision and ethical review should consider the speciality of life science and medical research, and bring the existing ethical review system into full play. However, the focus, emphasis and standards of ethical governance have changed with the application of some technologies (ex. the next-generation sequencing, gene editing, and artificial intelligence). Actions should be taken to strengthen the ethical governance and promote ethics in advance with science and technological implementation in health and medical field. Here in this article, the classified, hierarchical supervision and ethical review strategies are discussed; then some potential effective organization and mechanisms for regional ethics committees are introduced. Promoting the medical education and continuing education of ethical governance of science and technology is also recommended.

3.
Chinese Medical Ethics ; (6): 535-541, 2024.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1036465

ABSTRACT

ObjectiveTo investigate the training needs of knowledge of scientific research ethics and ethical review among medical graduate students in Shandong Province, and provide targeted suggestions for carrying out education and training on scientific research ethics for medical graduate students. MethodsA random sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey among 807 medical graduate students from 7 medical colleges and universities in Shandong Province. The data were statistically described and analyzed, and Pearson’s chi-squared test and binary logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors. ResultsThere were 94.1% of medical graduate students believed that they “need” to receive training on knowledge of scientific research ethics. Their training needs were ranked as ethical principles of science and technology (75.5%), the content of ethical review (68.5%), ethical review process (68.3%), ethical issues that may be involved in frontier fields (63.6%), ethics committee system (58.1%), applied ethical regulation for medical scientific research (55.8%), and interpretation of relevant ethical documents (42.4%). The training forms and methods were, in order, online knowledge lectures (67.4%), academic conferences organized by relevant ethical review organizations (60.3%), the teaching methods in traditional classrooms (48.8%), learning by tutors or research groups (48.5%), conducted by the unit during the internship and work period (26.4%), and other forms (2.6%). The results of the regression analysis showed that medical graduate students with experience in project application and ethics course learning have a higher willingness for training needs in scientific research ethics (P<0.05). ConclusionThe education and training on scientific research ethics among medical graduate students still need improvement, and graduate students have an urgent need for training on scientific research ethics. Schools and hospitals should overall plan and set up a perfect science and technology ethics curriculum system, strengthen the practical training of medical research ethical review, and diversify the ways of scientific research ethics training for medical graduate students, to accelerate the improvement of research ethics literacy of them.

4.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-995865

ABSTRACT

Objective:To review the concept of science and technology ethics, analyze the problems faced by science and technology ethics governance from the perspective of collaborative governance, and then propose suggestions.Methods:Using the literature review method, we searched and screened relevant literature on science and technology ethics governance, extracted the research content and results of such literature for systematically review and summarization.Results:The problems of China′s science and technology ethics governance include slow legalization progress, unclear disciplinary standards, unsound governance systems, and weak scientific and technological ethics awareness among researchers.Conclusions:Strengthening the governance of science and technology ethics requires a multi-level approach, including strengthening the legislation of science and technology ethics, improving the governance mechanism, and improving the awareness of science and technology ethics among the scientists and technologists.

5.
Chinese Medical Ethics ; (6): 597-605, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1005676

ABSTRACT

The healthy development of science and technology (Sci. & Tech) innovation is inseparable from Sci. & Tech ethics. The innovation subject is the driving force of Sci. & Tech innovation. The improvement of Sci. & Tech ethical management ability is conducive to improving the China’s Sci. & Tech ethics governance system. Therefore, this paper deeply analyzed the current status of Sci. & Tech ethics management of the 76 innovation subjects from five aspects, and found that the construction of Sci. & Tech ethics management of Chinese innovation subjects has achieved initial results, but there was still room for further improvement. Based on the problems existing in the Sci. & Tech ethics management of innovation subjects, this paper proposed six strategic suggestions that strengthening the construction and research of artificial intelligence ethics management systems, establishing and improving ethics committees and management systems, actively implementing the registration of Sci. & Tech ethics management information, regularly organizing and participating in various forms of Sci. & Tech ethics training, attaching importance to the reserve and cultivation of composite Sci. & Tech ethics management talents, and cooperating to establish a Sci. & Tech ethics case library, with a view to enhancing the Sci. & Tech ethics management ability of Chinese innovation subjects to adapt to the needs of the healthy development of Sci. & Tech in China.

6.
Chinese Medical Ethics ; (6): 618-623, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1005679

ABSTRACT

With the development of technologies such as gene editing, artificial intelligence, and big data, cutting-edge technologies have brought increasing ethical risks in medical research, and the ability to protect subjects has become increasingly inadequate. However, the current means of ethical governance are relatively weak, the ethical awareness of researchers is not strong, and existing ethical governance methods can no longer meet the needs of new technological developments. Therefore, combined with the Guidelines to Strengthen Governance over Ethics in Science and Technology issued by the General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council in March 2022, this paper proposed that subject protection needed to be improved from the following aspects: improving regulations and systems, strengthening the construction of ethics committees, conducting research on ethical governance methods, raising the quality of ethics committees, constructing regional ethics systems, and improving the ethical literacy of researchers. To carry out the above work, it is necessary for the government, ethical professional organizations, research institutions, biomedical enterprises, medical institutions, and the public to explore the "ethical pre-examination" management model with the concept of "prevention", so as to improve the subject protection in the modern society with the continuous development of new technologies.

7.
Modern Hospital ; (6): 1836-1839, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1022152

ABSTRACT

Strengthening ethical governance is the overall strategy put forward by China to comply with the high-quality development of science and technology in the new era,and there is compatibility between its implementation and the high-quality development of medical science and technology.In order to promote the high-quality development of medical science and technol-ogy to better embed ethical governance,it is necessary to follow the three major development strategies of inclusiveness,openness and differentiation,and implement them from five aspects:policy coordination,institutional reform,cultural exchanges,collabo-rative governance and management innovation.

8.
Chinese Medical Ethics ; (6): 589-596, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1031208

ABSTRACT

The ethical governance of science and technology is a kind of practical ethics, which develops in the process of continuously solving the ethical problems and ethical conflicts arising from scientific and technological activities. Ethical governance has common requirements and professional standards. Health-related science and technology activities, including the application of life science and artificial intelligence in health and medical field, make the medical ethical governance face common and unique challenges. The supervision and ethical review should consider the speciality of life science and medical research, and bring the existing ethical review system into full play. However, the focus, emphasis and standards of ethical governance have changed with the application of some technologies (ex. the next-generation sequencing, gene editing, and artificial intelligence). Actions should be taken to strengthen the ethical governance and promote ethics in advance with science and technological implementation in health and medical field. Here in this article, the classified, hierarchical supervision and ethical review strategies are discussed; then some potential effective organization and mechanisms for regional ethics committees are introduced. Promoting the medical education and continuing education of ethical governance of science and technology is also recommended.

9.
Chinese Medical Ethics ; (6): 489-493, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1031230

ABSTRACT

The construction of the scientific and technological ethics management system is crucial to ensure the healthy development of scientific research, and is also the premise and foundation for the scientific and technological innovation and "double first-class" construction of colleges and universities. This paper through the investigation of college life science and medical research ethics committees’ relevant situation, concentrated on the comparative analysis of the construction of ethics training system to identify problems and shortcomings, combined with the work example of Peking University and the current development trend of life science and medical research, some suggestions, including take advantage of the combination of medical services, teaching and research at universities, were put forward to provide possible reference for further updating of the science and technology ethics management in colleges and universities.

10.
Chinese Medical Ethics ; (6): 1311-1317, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1012988

ABSTRACT

Clarifying the relationship between ethical principles and rules is the key to promote the legitimate governance of scientific and technological ethics. Ethical principles and rules, as the two basic elements of science and technology ethics, are both different and related. The ethical principles are the basis and direction of the formulation of the ethical rules which are the most direct expression of following the ethical principles and an effective means to improve the effect of ethical governance. Among them, ethical standards are the general standard rules with strong universality. Based on the analysis of the relationship between the ethical principles and the ethical guidelines, this paper put forward the expression mode and reasonable application of science and technology ethical principles in the ethical rules, so as to promote the improvement of the national ethics governance system of biomedical science and technology.

11.
Chinese Medical Ethics ; (6): 1318-1321, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1012989

ABSTRACT

Medical science and technology innovation activities should meet the latest requirements of Opinions Issued to Strengthen Governance over Ethics in Science and Technology. Thus, attention should paid on the challenges facing medical science and technology ethics governance. This study discussed the necessity, responsibilities and operational guarantee elements of establishing an independent and professional regional medical science and technology ethics center. On the one hand, promote the innovation and development of medical science and technology and ensure the compliance with ethical norms, On the other hand, the government needs to carry out top-level design and build a science and technology ethics system with equal emphasis on supervision and technical services.

12.
Chinese Medical Ethics ; (6): 1274-1278, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1013021

ABSTRACT

The development of artificial intelligence (AI) has led to a decrease in people’s sense of value and existence. Faced with the gradual blurring of the boundaries between humans and machines, debates on human issues such as the nature and essence of human beings have arisen. Marx’s humanistic thought puts people in reality to think, and draws scientific and revolutionary conclusions about human and nature, human and society, and human’s liberation, which has important guiding value for the current era. Marx’s humanistic thought defends the human kind, the meaning of existence, and the supremacy of life, and responds to the challenge of AI to the modern outlook on life. Leading the era of AI to guide the outlook on life with the concepts of respecting laws and moral intervention, forging the concept of life with the spirit of dedication and emphasis on knowledge, and nourishing the concept of life with humanistic care that is people-oriented and good at cooperation can further deepen the medical values and provide ethical defense for medical practice.

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