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1.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1031099

ABSTRACT

【Objective】 To explore the relationship between the methylation level of CNR1 and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), in order to provide a theoretical basis for the etiology of ASD. 【Methods】 A case-control study was conducted, recruiting 30 children with ASD from the Child Development and Behavior Research Center of Harbin Medical University and a rehabilitation facility, and 30 matched typically developed children from June 2017 to December 2018. The methylation levels of CNR1 in peripheral blood were measured by the Agena MassArray® Mass Spectrometry System. A univariate conditional Logistic regression model was used to analyze the potential association between the methylation level of CNR1 and the risk of ASD with adjustment for age, BMI, body fat percentage and body fat. The correlations between the methylation level of CNR1 and the score of Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) were evaluated by Pearson/Spearman correlation analysis. 【Results】 The methylation levels of the average methylation (t=2.224), CpG_3.4 (Z=2.187), CpG_9.10.11 (t=2.308), and CpG_28.29 (t=2.943) of the CNR1 promoter region in ASD children were significantly higher than controls (P<0.05). The methylation levels of the average methylation (OR=1.117, 95%CI: 1.003 - 1.245), CpG_9.10.11 (OR= 1.072, 95%CI:1.006 - 1.142), and CpG_28.29 (OR=1.078, 95%CI: 1.018 - 1.141) of the CNR1 promoter region were positively correlated with the risk of ASD (P<0.05). The methylation level of CpG_28.29 in ASD children was positively correlated with the scores of social motivation in SRS (r=0.421, P<0.05). 【Conclusions】 The methylation levels of CNR1 in peripheral blood are abnormal in ASD children and might be correlated with the risk of ASD and social function. The underlying mechanism needs to be further explored.

2.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1010115

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND@#Although social interaction and social support during the "new normal" due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may be related to presenteeism, the effect between these factors has not been clear for Japanese workers. The aim of this study was to describe the presenteeism of Japanese workers with reference to social interaction and social support following the lifestyle changes due to COVID-19 and to assess whether social interaction and social support affected their presenteeism.@*METHODS@#The data were obtained from internet panel surveys from October 2020. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and multiple linear regression was conducted using the data from the first, fourth and fifth surveys, which were conducted during October to November 2020, July to August 2021, and September to October 2021, respectively. To measure presenteeism, questions from "absenteeism and presenteeism questions of the World Health Organization's Heath and Work Performance Questionnaire", short version in Japanese was utilized. Multiple linear regressions were conducted to investigate the effects of social interaction and social support-related factors on presenteeism.@*RESULTS@#A total of 3,407 participants were included in the analysis. The mean score of absolute presenteeism from the fifth survey was 58.07 (SD = 19.71). More time spent talking with family, a larger number of social supporters and a higher satisfaction level for social support were associated with a higher absolute presenteeism score.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Our results suggested that social support reduced the presenteeism of the Japanese workers during the "new normal" due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Social interaction with family also relieved presenteeism.


Subject(s)
Humans , Japan/epidemiology , Social Interaction , Pandemics , Presenteeism , COVID-19/epidemiology
3.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1024521

ABSTRACT

Objective To observe the effect of therapeutic listening on social interaction function in children with autism spectrum(ASD)disorder. Methods From January,2022 to January,2023,40 ASD children in Beijing Bo'ai Hospital were randomly divided into group A(n = 20)and group B(n = 20).Both groups received routine rehabilitation and occupational therapy,while group B received therapeutic listening as occupational therapy,for eight weeks.They were assessed with Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory(PEDI),Childhood Autism Rating Scale(CARS),Autism Behavior Checklist(ABC),Peabody Developmental Motor Scales 2(PDMS-2)and Canadian Occupational Performance Measure(COPM)before and after treatment. Results All the indexes improved in both groups after treatment(|t|>3.194,P<0.01),and they were better in group A than in group B(|t|>2.122,P<0.05),except the score of ABC. Conclusion Combination of therapeutic listening is more effective on sensory processing and social interaction in ASD children.

4.
Rev. latinoam. enferm. (Online) ; 32: e4146, 2024. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1565567

ABSTRACT

Objectives: to identify content on play and interaction with children with special health care needs recommended in clinical guidelines; analyze play and interaction activities applicable to children with special health care needs and complex care requirements. Method: qualitative documentary research based on guides, protocols, or guidelines on playing and interacting with children with special and living with complex care. Search terms in English (guidelines, playing OR play, complex needs, OR chronic disease) and in Portuguese ( guia, brincar ou brincadeiras, condições crônicas ) on the first ten pages of_Google Search ® . Thematic analysis was applied to the information extracted from the documents. Results: a total of nine documents with similar content were grouped into units of analysis, keeping only the interacting and playing activities applicable to children with special health care needs and living with complex care requirements, namely stimulation of potential, stimulation of adult-child interaction, and stimulation of the senses (touch, sight, and hearing), to be carried out by health professionals and family caregivers in the different care contexts. Conclusion: interaction and play are potential promoters of adult-child interaction, with application in the stimulating and life-delivering complex care for children.


Objetivos: identificar contenido sobre juego e interacción con niños con necesidades de especiales atención en salud recomendados en guías clínicas; analizar las actividades de juego e interacción que se pueden implementar niños con necesidades especiales de atención en salud y demandas de cuidados clínicamente complejos. Método: investigación cualitativa documental basada en guías, protocolos o directrices para jugar e interactuar con niños con necesidades especiales de atención en salud. Búsqueda de los términos en inglés ( guidelines, playing o play, complex needs OR chronic disease ) y en portugués ( guia, brincar o brincadeiras, condições crônicas ), en las primeras 10 páginas de Google Search ® . Se aplicó análisis temático a la información extraída de los documentos. Resultados: se agruparon en unidades de análisis nueve documentos con contenido similar, se extrajeron solo las actividades para interactuar y jugar que se pueden implementar con niños con necesidades especiales de atención en salud y demandas de cuidados clínicamente complejos, a saber: estimular las potencialidades, estimular la interacción adulto-niño y estimular los sentidos (tacto, visión y oído), que realizan los profesionales de la salud y los cuidadores familiares en diferentes contextos de cuidado. Conclusión: interactuar y jugar pueden promover la interacción adulto-niño e implementarse en el cuidado estimulante y vivificante de niños con condiciones clínicas complejas.


Objetivos: identificar conteúdos sobre brincar e interagir com crianças com necessidades de saúde especiais recomendados em guias clínicos; analisar as atividades de brincar e interagir aplicáveis às crianças com necessidades de saúde especiais e demandas de cuidados clinicamente complexas. Método: pesquisa qualitativa documental baseada em guias, protocolos ou diretrizes sobre brincar e interagir com crianças com necessidades de saúde especiais. Busca dos termos em inglês ( guidelines, playing ou play, complex needs OR chronic disease ) e em português (guia, brincar ou brincadeiras, condições crônicas), nas 10 primeiras páginas do Google Search ® . Aplicou-se a análise temática às informações extraídas dos documentos. Resultados: agruparam-se nove documentos com conteúdo similares em unidades de análise, mantendo-se somente as atividades do interagir e brincar aplicáveis às crianças com necessidades de saúde especiais e demandas de cuidados clinicamente complexas, a saber: estimulação das potencialidades, estimulação da interação adulto-criança e estimulação dos sentidos (tato, visão e audição), a serem realizadas por profissionais de saúde e familiares cuidadores nos diferentes contextos de cuidado. Conclusão: o interagir e o brincar são potenciais promotores da interação adulto-criança, com aplicação no cuidado estimulador e vivificante de crianças clinicamente complexas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Play and Playthings , Child Health , Guidelines as Topic , Material Resources in Health , Social Interaction
5.
Psico (Porto Alegre) ; 55(1): 39859, 2024.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1552568

ABSTRACT

O objetivo do estudo foi realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura acerca do comportamento antissocial online e, também, categorizar esses comportamentos e observar aspectos psicossociais relacionados. Para tanto, foi utilizada uma síntese qualitativa, incluindo estudos quantitativos publicados entre 2016-2020 nas bases de dados Scopus, PsycInfo, Pepsic e Scielo. Vinte e cinco estudos se adequaram às análises. Os resultados demonstraram a existência de quatro categorias de comportamento antissocial online: cyberbullying, trollagem, comportamento antissocial sexual, e cyberstalking. A tétrade sombria (narcisismo, psicopatia, Maquiavelismo e sadismo) mostrou-se o preditor mais consistente dessas categorias nos estudos. O estudo alcançou os objetivos propostos, preenchendo duas lacunas: a inexistência de categorização do comportamento antissocial online e a escassez de estudos brasileiros sobre o tema


The study aimed to conduct a systematic literature review on antisocial online behavior. The objective was also to categorize these behaviors and observe related psychosocial aspects. To this end, a qualitative synthesis was used, including quantitative studies published between 2016-2020 in the Scopus, PsycInfo, Pepsic, and Scielo databases. 25 studies fitted the analyzes. The results demonstrated the existence of four antisocial online behavior categories: cyberbullying, trolling, sexual antisocial behavior, and cyberstalking. The dark tetrad (narcissism, sychopathy, Machiavellianism, and sadism) was the most consistent predictor of these categories among studies. The research fulfilled the proposed purposes, filling two literature gaps: The lack of categorization of antisocial online behavior; and the scarcity of Brazilian studies on the topic


El objetivo del estudio fue realizar una revisión sistemática de la literatura sobre el comportamiento antisocial online. El objetivo también fue categorizar estos comportamientos y observar aspectos psicosociales relacionados. Para ello, se utilizó una síntesis cualitativa, incluyendo estudios cuantitativos publicados entre 2016-2020 en las bases de datos Scopus, PsycInfo, Pepsic y Scielo. 25 estudios se ajustan a los análisis. Los resultados demostraron la existencia de cuatro categorías de comportamiento antisocial en línea: cyberbullying, trolling, comportamiento sexual antisocial y cyberstalking. La tétrada oscura (narcisismo, psicopatía, maquiavelismo y sadismo) fue el predictor más consistente de estas categorías entre los estudios. El estudio cumplió con los objetivos propuestos, llenando dos vacíos: La falta de categorización de la conducta antisocial en línea; y la escasez de estudios brasileños sobre el tema


Subject(s)
Humans , Aggression
6.
Psicol. reflex. crit ; 37: 4, 2024. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1558765

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background In today's contemporary world, relationships take a prominent role in the lives of adolescents. However, challenges related to mutual understanding and a lack of inclusive environments can often lead to autistic teens feeling excluded. Objective In order to assess the impact of naturalistic interventions on interpersonal relationships, we conducted an experimental test utilizing Dialogic Reading for Comprehension (LuDiCa) in online reading circles with groups comprising both autistic and neurotypical adolescents. Our focus was on exploring its relevance for enhancing social interaction, particularly in terms of conversational acts, sharing experiences, initiations, and questions. Methods Five autistic and five neurotypical students between 11 and 15 years old from a public school in Brasilia, Federal District, participated. We paired groups A and B (made up of trios of teenagers) and groups C and D (made up of pairs) in a multiple baseline design per reading group, in which all groups went through the baseline conditions (BL), intervention (LuDiCa) and maintenance. Results LuDiCa increased the frequency of conversational acts of both autistic participants and neurotypical peers. In addition, the intervention favored initiations, questions, and sharing experiences, through the shared activity of reading and talking about a work of fiction. Participants rated the intervention in relation to the platform, the book, the reading facilitator, and interaction with peers. We discuss the potential of the facilitator's role in favoring interactions and the potential of LuDiCa as a joint activity for the engagement of adolescents. We also include suggestions for future research focused on the online context and discuss some limitations of the LuDiCa intervention. Conclusion In summary, our study offers initial experimental evidence demonstrating the positive impact of LuDiCa on social interaction behaviors among both autistic and neurotypical adolescents within an inclusive setting.

7.
Actual. psicol. (Impr.) ; 37(135): 95-110, jul.-dic. 2023. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, SaludCR | ID: biblio-1556781

ABSTRACT

Resumen Objetivos. Identificar si existen mejoras en la interacción social de jóvenes con discapacidad intelectual a través del uso de una metodología basada en el juego de rol. Método. Se realizó un estudio de diseño mixto a partir de un programa de intervención breve, de ocho sesiones de duración, con un total de siete participantes. Para la recolección de datos, se utilizaron técnicas cualitativas y cuantitativas como la observación sistemática, la observación directa no sistematizada y la Escala de Autoevaluación de Habilidades Sociales. Resultados. La intervención arrojó resultados modestos. La prueba W de Wilcoxon muestra diferencias significativas a nivel general. Las observaciones evidencian cambios en los comportamientos de los participantes, sobre todo en lo referente a respuestas alternativas a la agresión, la cuales fueron rápidamente sustituidas por estrategias pacíficas y actitudes dialogantes.


Abstract Objectives. The objective of this study was to identify if there are improvements in social interaction in young people with intellectual disabilities, using a methodology based on role playing. Method. A mixed design study based on a brief intervention program of eight sessions, with a total of seven participants, was used. Qualitative and quantitative techniques were used for data collection: systematic observation, non-systematized direct observation and the Social Skills Self-Assessment Scale. Results. The intervention yielded modest results. The Wilcoxon W test shows significant differences at the general level. Observations show changes in participants' behaviors, especially in terms of alternative responses to aggression, which were quickly replaced by peaceful strategies and dialogic attitudes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Assertiveness , Social Skills , Gamification , Intellectual Disability , Personal Autonomy , Social Interaction
8.
Psico USF ; 28(4): 767-781, Oct.-Dec. 2023. tab
Article in English | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1529174

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to describe the characteristics of the social networks of older adults and to assess associations between social support, functional capacity and mental health. The sample consisted of 134 community-dwelling older adults, assessed in terms of their social network through the Minimum Map of Older Adult Relationships; functional capacity for performance in activities of daily living; depressive symptoms, assessed through the Geriatric Depression Scale and; anxiety, assessed through the Beck Anxiety Inventory. Cluster analyses were performed. The social network was characterized by being informal, functioning as affective support that occurs through visits. Social support perceived as insufficient was more frequent in men, in those who were dependent regarding instrumental activities of daily living, and in those with anxiety and depressive symptoms. Reduced social support networks and lack of support were associated with limitations in functional capacity and worse mental health, sparking debate about the centrality of the family in the provision of support.(AU)


Este estudo objetivou descrever as características da rede social de pessoas idosas e avaliar associações entre apoio social, capacidade funcional e saúde mental. A amostra foi composta por 134 idosos comunitários, avaliados quanto à rede social pelo Mapa Mínimo das Relações do Idoso; capacidade funcional pelo desempenho em atividades de vida diária; sintomas depressivos, avaliados pela Escala de Depressão Geriátrica e; ansiedade, avaliada pelo Inventário de Ansiedade de Beck. Foram realizadas análises de conglomerados. A rede social caracterizou-se por ser informal, funcionando como suporte afetivo que ocorre por meio de visitas. O apoio social percebido como insuficiente foi mais frequente no sexo masculino, entre idosos dependentes em atividades instrumentais de vida diária, com ansiedade e sintomas depressivos. Redes de suporte social reduzidas e com baixo apoio estão associadas com limitações na capacidade funcional e pior saúde mental, colocando em debate a centralidade da família na provisão de suporte.(AU)


Este estudio tuvo como objetivo describir las características de la red social de personas mayores y evaluar las asociaciones entre el apoyo social, la capacidad funcional y la salud mental. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 134 ancianos comunitarios, quienes fueron evaluados en cuanto a su red social mediante el Mapa Mínimo de Relaciones del Anciano; su capacidad funcional en las actividades de la vida diaria; los síntomas depresivos mediante la Escala de Depresión Geriátrica; y la ansiedad a través del Inventario de Ansiedad de Beck. Se realizaron análisis de conglomerados. La red social se caracterizó por ser informal, funcionando como apoyo afectivo que se manifiesta a través de visitas. El apoyo social percibido como insuficiente fue más frecuente en el sexo masculino, entre los ancianos dependientes en actividades instrumentales de la vida diaria, y aquellos con síntomas de ansiedad y depresión. Las redes de apoyo social reducidas y con bajo apoyo se asocian con limitaciones en la capacidad funcional y un peor estado de salud mental, lo que plantea el debate sobre el papel central de la familia en la provisión de apoyo.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Social Support , Aged/psychology , Mental Health , Functional Status , Anxiety/psychology , Quality of Life , Cluster Analysis , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Depression/psychology , Correlation of Data , Sociodemographic Factors
9.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1536537

ABSTRACT

(analítico) La argumentación es una práctica social, comunicativa y cognitiva vinculada al contexto, y es una habilidad esencial para la formación académica y el aprendizaje de los estudiantes universitarios. El grupo Procesos Sociocognitivos del Aprendizaje (Instituto Rosario de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Educación de Argentina) realizó varios estudios sobre la temática, destacando el conflicto sociocognitivo como una situación potencial para la construcción del conocimiento y la argumentación como una modalidad privilegiada para resolverlo, desde la perspectiva socioconstructivista. El objetivo del artículo es presentar conocimiento sobre la argumentación desde la perspectiva socioconstructivista basada en la investigación empírica realizada por el dicho grupo en la última década, con el fin de contribuir a la construcción del balance de la producción académica en el siglo XXI sobre estudiantes universitarios, objetivo central del monográfico.


(analytical) Argumentation is a social, communicative, and cognitive practice linked to context and an essential skill for the academic formation and learning of university students. Sociocognitive Processes of learning Group (Rosario Institute for Research in Education Sciences, Argentina) conducted several studies on the topic, highlighting sociocognitive conflict as a potential situation for knowledge construction and argumentation as a privileged modality to solve it, from the socioconstructivist perspective. The article aims to present knowledge on argumentation from the socioconstructivist perspective based on empirical research conducted by the PSA group in the last decade. This will contribute to building the balance of academic production in the 21st century on university students, the central objective of the monograph.


(analítico) A argumentação é uma prática social, comunicativa e cognitiva ligada ao contexto e uma habilidade essencial para a formação acadêmica e aprendizado de estudantes universitários. O grupo Processos Sociocognitivos da Aprendizagem (Instituto de pesquisas em Ciências da Educação de Rosário, Argentina) realizou vários estudos sobre o tema, destacando o conflito sociocognitivo como uma situação potencial para a construção do conhecimento e a argumentação como uma modalidade privilegiada para resolvêlo, a partir da perspectiva socioconstrutivista. O objetivo do artigo é apresentar conhecimentos sobre a argumentação a partir da perspectiva socioconstrutivista baseada em pesquisas empíricas realizadas pelo grupo PSA na última década. Isso contribuirá para a construção do equilíbrio da produção acadêmica no século XXI sobre estudantes universitários, o objetivo central da monografia.

10.
Neuroscience Bulletin ; (6): 893-910, 2023.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-982439

ABSTRACT

Accurate and efficient methods for identifying and tracking each animal in a group are needed to study complex behaviors and social interactions. Traditional tracking methods (e.g., marking each animal with dye or surgically implanting microchips) can be invasive and may have an impact on the social behavior being measured. To overcome these shortcomings, video-based methods for tracking unmarked animals, such as fruit flies and zebrafish, have been developed. However, tracking individual mice in a group remains a challenging problem because of their flexible body and complicated interaction patterns. In this study, we report the development of a multi-object tracker for mice that uses the Faster region-based convolutional neural network (R-CNN) deep learning algorithm with geometric transformations in combination with multi-camera/multi-image fusion technology. The system successfully tracked every individual in groups of unmarked mice and was applied to investigate chasing behavior. The proposed system constitutes a step forward in the noninvasive tracking of individual mice engaged in social behavior.


Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Deep Learning , Zebrafish , Algorithms , Neural Networks, Computer , Social Behavior
11.
Rev. latinoam. cienc. soc. niñez juv ; 20(3): 23-45, sep.-dic. 2022. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1423999

ABSTRACT

Resumen (analítico) Las y los estudiantes carecen de espacios para valorar sus experiencias de inclusión/exclusión escolar. La crisis sanitaria obligó a vincularnos virtualmente, sin conocer las posibilidades para el intercambio de significados digitales, representación de experiencias y movilización de relaciones interpersonales. Desde una perspectiva pedagógica, semiótica y social, este estudio analiza una sesión de un taller virtual con nueve estudiantes secundarios de tres escuelas chilenas, preguntándose sobre cómo se materializó la participación de las y los jóvenes. Con herramientas de la multimodalidad se analiza un corpus audiovisual de una cartografía virtual de espacios educativos. Se visibilizan los recursos disponibles para la participación virtual y las maneras en que fueron usados para compartir significados individuales y generar solidaridad co-construyendo relatos de inclusión/exclusión escolar.


Abstract (analytical) Students lack spaces that evaluate their experiences of inclusion/exclusion in school. The health cri-sis forced us to interact online and at first we were not aware of the resources available for the ex-change of digital meanings, representation of experiences and formation of interpersonal relation-ships. Using a pedagogical, semiotic and social approach, this study analyzes the results of an online workshop attended by nine secondary students from three Chilean schools. The aim was to identify the means and resources that facilitated student participation in online environments. Using multi-modal tools, an audiovisual corpus consisting of an Online Cartography of Educational Spaces is explored by the authors. The resources available for online participation were shared by participants. In addition, the article describes semiotic mechanisms for sharing individual meanings and developing solidarity by co-constructing stories about inclusion/exclusion in the classroom.


Resumo (analítico) Os alunos e alunas não têm espaços para avaliar suas experiências de inclusão/exclusão escolar. A crise de saúde pela Covid-19 obrigou as pessoas a termos uma interação virtual, sem conhecer os recursos disponíveis para a troca de significados digitais, a representação de experiências e o desenvolvimento das relações interpessoais. Do ponto de vista pedagógico, semiótico e social, este estudo analisa uma sessão de oficina virtual com nove alunos e alunas do ensino médio de três es-colas chilenas. A pesquisa foca em identificar os significados y recursos que auxiliam a participação dos e das estudantes. Utilizando ferramentas multimodais, foi analisado um corpus audiovisual de uma Cartografia Virtual de Espaços Educacionais. Assim, este estudo mostra os recursos disponíveis para a participação virtual e as formas como foram utilizados para compartilhar significados desde a experiência pessoal, além de promover a solidariedade através da co-construção de relatos de inclusão/exclusão escolar.

12.
rev.cuid. (Bucaramanga. 2010) ; 14(1): 1-13, 20221221.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDENF, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1428612

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El aislamiento y el confinamiento son medidas de alto impacto social que, a nivel mundial y en mayor o menor grado de intensidad, han provocado cambio, temporales o permanentes, respecto a la forma en que se realizan las interacciones sociales. Objetivo: realizar un estudio en el ámbito de lo doméstico y de las modificaciones externas que obligaron a un encierro drástico en la población colombiana en los primeros meses de la pandemia por la COVID-19. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio con enfoque cualitativo a partir de la aplicación de entrevistas en profundidad a 45 participantes residentes en la ciudad de Bucaramanga, Colombia, logrando la reconstrucción de rutas de vida para evaluar el momento más drástico del encierro de la población. Resultados: Desde los hallazgos, se resalta la capacidad de asimilación de las fuertes medidas de confinamiento, la colectivización de las justificaciones más legitimadas desde el discurso médico y la construcción de medidas de autocuidado constituidas en el ámbito de lo doméstico como lugar y espacio relacional clave para enfrentar la incertidumbre social frente a la ausencia de respuestas efectivas para el control del contagio y de la enfermedad. Conclusión: El drástico encierro de la población colombiana a partir de las medidas transitorias, conlleva una alta incertidumbre de los grupos familiares, pero también una respuesta generalmente positiva.


Introduction: Isolation and confinement are measures of high social impact that ­worldwide and to a greater or lesser degree of intensity­ have brought about temporary or permanent changes in how social interactions are conducted. Objective: To conduct a study on the domestic sphere and the external modifications that forced a drastic lockdown in the Colombian population during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: A qualitative study was carried out by conducting in-depth interviews with 45 participants living in the city of Bucaramanga, Colombia, reconstructing life pathways to evaluate the most drastic moment in the population's lockdown. Results: From the findings, the ability to assimilate strong lockdown measures, the collectivization of the medical discourse's most legitimate justifications, and the construction of self-care measures in the domestic sphere ­a key place and relational space to face social uncertainty in the absence of effective responses to control contagion and disease­ are highlighted. Conclusion: The drastic lockdown of the Colombian population due to the transitory measures entailed a high level of uncertainty for family groups but also a generally positive response.


Introdução: Isolamento e confinamento são medidas de alto impacto social que, em todo o mundo e em maior ou menor grau de intensidade, têm causado mudanças temporárias ou permanentes na forma como as interações sociais são realizadas. Objetivo: realizar um estudo no âmbito doméstico e as modificações externas que forçaram um confinamento drástico na população colombiana nos primeiros meses da pandemia de COVID-19. Materiais e Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo com abordagem qualitativa a partir da aplicação de entrevistas em profundidade a 45 participantes residentes na cidade de Bucaramanga, Colômbia, realizando a reconstrução de rotas de vida para avaliar o momento mais drástico do confinamento de a população. Resultados: A partir dos achados, destaca-se a capacidade de assimilação das medidas de confinamento forte, a coletivização das justificativas mais legítimas do discurso médico e a construção de medidas de autocuidado constituídas na esfera doméstica como lugar e espaço relacional fundamental. enfrentam a incerteza social na ausência de respostas eficazes para controlar o contágio e a doença. Conclusão: O confinamento drástico da população colombiana como resultado das medidas transitórias acarreta um alto grau de incerteza para os grupos familiares, mas também uma resposta geralmente positiva.


Subject(s)
Patient Isolation , Family , Quarantine , Pandemics , Social Interaction
13.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 27(11): 4195-4202, nov. 2022. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1404160

ABSTRACT

Resumen La pandemia COVID-19 provocó cambios en la dinámica de la vida de las mujeres en etapa perinatal quienes, ante la crisis sanitaria reconfiguraron prácticas de cuidado y convivencia social. El objetivo fue conocer a través de la interacción social algunas experiencias de mujeres con embarazo de alto riesgo positivas a COVID-19. El trabajo se realizó en un hospital de tercer nivel de atención perinatal. Se empleó metodología cualitativa, se aplicaron cuestionarios y entrevistas a 14 mujeres positivas a COVID-19 en etapa perinatal vía zoom. Se realizó análisis crítico-interpretativo del discurso con base al concepto interacción social y el pensamiento complejo. Para los resultados se desarrollaron tres tipos de interacción social: a) Interacción social primaria: Experiencias ante la notificación de la positividad al COVID-19; b) Interacción social aprendida: Experiencias del cuidado ante el COVID-19; y c) Interacción social resiliente: Experiencias necesarias ante el COVID-19. El vínculo de las experiencias desemboca en nuevas formas de interacciones sociales que van desde la notificación pasando por el cuidado y la resiliencia. Concluimos que las experiencias por el COVID-19 vividas por mujeres en etapa perinatal reinventaron sus modos de convivencia y cuidado dentro de lo institucional, familiar y personal.


Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic induced changes in the dynamics of the life of women in the perinatal phase who, due to the health crisis, restructured social care and coexistence practices. The scope of this paper was to assess the experiences of high-risk perinatal pregnancy risk among COVID-19 positive women through social interaction. The work was conducted in a hospital of tertiary perinatal care. Qualitative methodology was used, whereby questionnaires and interviews were conducted via zoom with 14 COVID-19 positive women in the perinatal phase. Critical-interpretative discourse analysis was applied based on the concept of social interaction and complex thinking. Three types of social interaction were developed to assess the results: a) Initial social interaction: experiences when becoming aware of being COVID-19 positive; b) Acquired social interaction: experiences of care prior to COVID-19; c) Enduring social interaction: experience required in the face of COVID-19. The result of experience leads to new forms of social interaction after notification ranging from care to resilience. The conclusion drawn is that the experience of COVID-19 of women in the perinatal period remodeled their ways of coexistence and care within the institutional, family, and personal spheres.

14.
Psico USF ; 27(4): 711-719, Oct.-Dec. 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1422348

ABSTRACT

Self-monitoring regulates the expression of behavior, which can facilitate relationships in different contexts. The aim of this study was to confirm the factorial structure of the exploratory analysis of the Self-monitoring Scale (SMS) and investigate the effect of the independent variable Self-monitoring on the dependent variable Social Problem Solving. Participants were 400 university students of different degrees, both sexes, aged between 18 and 58 years (M=31.3 and SD=9.4) and with data collected on the spot. Confirmatory Factor Analysis found fit indexes that support the two-factor model, corroborated by the literature. The regression analysis demonstrated that Self-monitoring predicted the Resolution of Social Problems regarding the Problem Orientation (PO) factor, suggesting that students with a higher PO would be less aware of the context to regulate behavior. The study showed the functioning of the instruments that measure concepts that are still little explored in Higher Education studies. (AU)


A automonitoria autorregula a expressão do comportamento, o que pode facilitar os relacionamentos em diferentes contextos. O objetivo do estudo foi confirmar a estrutura fatorial da análise exploratória da Escala de Automonitoria (EA) e investigar o efeito da variável independente Automonitoria na variável dependente Resolução de Problemas Sociais. Participaram 400 universitários, ambos os sexos, idade entre 18 e 58 anos (M = 31,3 e DP = 9,4) e os dados foram coletados in loco. A análise fatorial confirmatória encontrou índices de ajuste que sustentam o modelo de dois fatores, corroborado pela literatura. A análise de regressão apontou que a Automonitoria predisse a Resolução de Problemas Sociais quanto ao fator Orientação de Problema (OP), sugerindo que alunos com maior OP estariam menos atentos ao contexto para regular o comportamento. O estudo mostrou o funcionamento dos instrumentos que mensuram conceitos ainda pouco explorados nas pesquisas na Educação Superior. (AU)


El autocontrol regula la expresión del comportamiento, lo que puede facilitar las relaciones en diferentes contextos. El objetivo del estudio fue confirmar la estructura factorial del análisis exploratorio de la Escala de Autocontrol (EA) e investigar el efecto de la variable independiente Autocontrol sobre la variable dependiente Resolución de Problemas Sociales. Participaron 400 estudiantes universitarios, de ambos sexos, con edades entre 18 y 58 años (M = 31,3 y DS = 9,4) y con datos recolectados en loco. El Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio encontró índices de ajuste que apoyan el modelo de dos factores, corroborado por la literatura. El análisis de regresión señaló que Autocontrol predijo la Resolución de Problemas Sociales con respecto al factor de Orientación al Problema (OP), sugiriendo que los estudiantes con mayor OP serían menos conscientes del contexto para regular la conducta. El estudio mostró el funcionamiento de instrumentos que miden conceptos aún poco explorados en la investigación en la Educación Superior. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Problem Solving , Social Behavior , Students/psychology , Universities , Adaptation, Psychological , Chi-Square Distribution , Regression Analysis , Reproducibility of Results , Factor Analysis, Statistical , Correlation of Data , Social Interaction , Sociodemographic Factors
15.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-218350

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The maxillofacial region serves many essential functions of human body. Maxillofacial traumatic injury (MFTI) or sometimes called as facial trauma is the injury to the face, jaws and related structures such as head. Hard tissue / soft tissue injury may range from simple nasal bone fracture to gross facial comminution. The complex maxillofacial trauma has the potential to cause facial disfigurement and difficulty in jaw movement. This study focused on relationship between existing scoring systems as the clinical assessment for MFTI, as a tool for predicting prognosis, morbidity, social and psychological impact. Materials and Method: Data collection included demographics, etiology, MFTI clinical parameters, treatment and psychosocial loss. Data was obtained from the medical records, patient interview at each hospital visit and telephonic interviews as required. A predefined question was prepared containing closed and open ended questions and published scales. Results and conclusion: Mandibular fractures were observed in 69% MFTI cases of which 50% were mandibular only fractures. Need for holistic treatment and management approach was observed. Existing widely used FISS score was found to be predictor for few of the parameters only. Other factors required for holistic treatment approach and planning not predictable by FISS score have also been identified.

16.
Poiésis (En línea) ; 42(Ene. - Jun.): 95-101, 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1381429

ABSTRACT

Este texto presenta una reflexión acerca de la función de la palabra como acción de cui-dado del otro durante la pandemia actual. Se contrastan dos dimensiones: la afectación del discurso y del sujeto político durante el confinamiento y las formas en las que la pa-labra tomó fuerza para contribuir a la generación de vínculo y al cuidado intersubjetivo


This text presents a reflection on the function of the word as an action of care for the other during the current pandemic. Two dimensions are contrasted: the affectation of the discourse and the political subject during the confinement and the ways in which the word took force to contribute to the generation of bonding and intersubjective care


Subject(s)
Humans , COVID-19/psychology , Behavior , Expressed Emotion , Social Interaction
17.
Cad. Bras. Ter. Ocup ; 30: e3253, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1404000

ABSTRACT

Abstract Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder in which difficulty in social interaction skills and performing limited and stereotyped activities are among its symptoms. This study aims to determine the effect of Son-Rise and Floor Time programs on social interaction skills and stereotyped behaviors in children with ASD. The present study was a Clinical Trial. The participant were 60 children with ASD who were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to three groups (Son-Rise intervention, Floor-Time intervention, and control group with routine occupational therapy interventions). For data gathering, Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire, Gilliam Autism Rating Scale, and Autism Social Skills Profile were used, respectively. For data analysis, repeated measures and analysis of variance were used (two-way between and within- subjects). The results of data analysis showed that Son-Rise and Floor Time programs had a positive effect on social interaction skills of children with ASD, and reduced stereotyped behaviors of these children; Also, there is a significant difference between the effectiveness of Son-Rise and Floor-Time programs on social interaction skills and stereotyped behavior in the post-test, which is more effective in the Floor Time compared to Son-Rise program.


Resumo O Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo (TEA) é um transtorno do neurodesenvolvimento que tem entre seus sintomas a dificuldade nas habilidades de interação social e a realização de atividades limitadas e estereotipadas. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar o efeito dos programas Son-Rise e Floor Time nas habilidades de interação social e comportamentos estereotipados em crianças com TEA. O presente estudo foi um Ensaio Clínico. Os participantes foram 60 crianças com TEA que foram selecionadas pelo método de amostragem de conveniência e distribuídas aleatoriamente em três grupos (intervenção Son-Rise, intervenção Floor-Time e grupo controle com intervenções de terapia ocupacional de rotina). Para a coleta de dados, foram utilizados o Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire, a Gilliam Autism Rating Scale e o Autism Social Skills Profile, respectivamente. Para a análise dos dados foi utilizada a análise de variância de medidas repetidas (bidirecional entre e dentro dos sujeitos). Os resultados da análise dos dados mostraram que os programas Son-Rise e Floor Time tiveram um efeito positivo nas habilidades de interação social das crianças com TEA e reduziram os comportamentos estereotipados dessas crianças; Além disso, há uma diferença significativa entre a eficácia dos programas Son-Rise e Floor-Time nas habilidades de interação social e comportamento estereotipado no pós-teste, que é mais eficaz no Floor Time comparado ao programa Son-Rise.

18.
Rev. bras. educ. espec ; 28: e0152, 2022.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1394749

ABSTRACT

RESUMO: O objetivo deste artigo é caracterizar a variabilidade das formas de aquisição da linguagem e analisar os meios de produção verbal, focalizando o papel da interação social. Na contramão de um modelo pautado na descrição de ausências, sintomas e desvios, adotou-se um ponto de vista dinâmico e processual na investigação da linguagem, considerando o sujeito, a sua história, seu meio social e sua condição de desenvolvimento. A pesquisa consistiu no seguimento de cinco crianças com idades entre dois e quatro anos, com queixas relacionadas à aquisição da fala. As sessões foram gravadas em vídeo e os dados foram construídos a partir da descrição do processo aquisicional envolvendo a produção das crianças em situações clínicas. Observou-se que os processos de aquisição da linguagem são entrelaçados com a história de constituição da singularidade dos sujeitos, e que os diversos fatores de caráter orgânico, psíquico e social incidem na trama do desenvolvimento linguístico e na formação da personalidade. Nas análises, chama-se atenção para o mosaico de recursos comunicacionais que se confgura ao confrontarem-se os casos e examinarem-se os componentes aquisicionais que se differenciam e se assemelham. Verificou-se que, para além de alterações de linguagem, se faz necessário focalizar os usos peculiares de recursos da linguagem.


ABSTRACT: The aim of this paper is to characterize the variability in the forms of language acquisition and to analyze the means of verbal production, focusing on the role of social interaction. As opposed to a model based on the description of absences, symptoms, and deviations, we have adopted a dynamic and procedural point of view in the investigation of language, considering the subject, their history, social environment and development condition. The research consisted in the follow-up of fve children aged two to four years with indications related to speech acquisition. The sessions were video-recorded, and the data were constructed based on the description of the acquisition process involving the production of children in a clinical context. We have perceived that language acquisition processes are intertwined with the account in the constitution of singularity of the subjects, and that various organic, psychic, and social factors affect language development and personality formation. In the analyses, we draw attention to the mosaic of communicational resources that is revealed when we confront the cases and examine the acquisition components that are different from each other and that are similar. We have found that, in addition to language alterations, it is necessary to focus on the peculiar uses of language resources.

19.
Rev. latinoam. cienc. soc. niñez juv ; 19(3): 212-234, sep.-dic. 2021. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1357365

ABSTRACT

Resumen (analítico) Essa pesquisa identificou se os jovens e as jovens rurais que residem no Rio Grande do Sul/Brasil estão projetando seu futuro profissional no campo, pretendem ser sucessores nos estabelecimentos agropecuários familiares, além de apontar os fatores condicionantes para a tomada destas decisões. A pesquisa foi realizada a partir de questionário aplicado em 2018 e 2019. A amostra foi composta por 743 jovens, com idades de 13 a 21 anos, filhos de agricultores e estudantes do ensino médio. Constatouse que 47.9% dos e das jovens querem permanecer no campo e 45.2% querem ser sucessores. O processo sucessório tem sido comprometido pela limitação da participação dos e das jovens rurais nos processos gerenciais e na tomada de decisões nas propriedades. Conclui-se que o jovem valoriza significativamente o fato de ser sujeito atuante e autônomo na propriedade.


Abstract (analytical) This research focused on whether rural youths living in Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil are projecting their futures in agriculture and intend to be successors of family farming establishments, in addition to highlighting the conditioning factors that are used to make these decisions. The research involved the application of a questionnaire applied in 2018 and 2019. The sample consisted of 743 young people aged 13 to 21 years who are children of farmers and high school students at the time. It was found that 47.9% of the surveyed young people want to stay in the countryside and 45.2% want to be successors. The succession process has been compromised by limits on the participation of rural youth in management and decision-making processes on their family's properties. The authors conclude that these young people significantly value being active and autonomous subjects on their families' properties.


Resumo (analítico) Esta investigación identificó si los jóvenes rurales residentes en Rio Grande do Sul/Brasil están proyectando su futuro profesional en el campo, pretenden ser sucesores en los establecimientos de agricultura familiar, además de señalar los condicionantes para la toma de estas decisiones. La encuesta se realizó con base en un cuestionario aplicado en 2018 y 2019. La muestra estuvo conformada por 743 jóvenes, de 13 a 21 años, hijos de agricultores y estudiantes de secundaria. Se encontró que el 47.9 % de los jóvenes quiere quedarse en el campo y el 45.2 % quiere ser sucesor. El proceso de sucesión se ha visto comprometido al limitar la participación de la juventud rural en los procesos de gestión y en la toma de decisiones sobre las propiedades. Se concluye que el joven valora significativamente el hecho de ser un sujeto activo y autónomo en la propiedad.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Sex Characteristics
20.
Agora USB ; 21(1): 147-166, ene.-jun. 2021. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1349921

ABSTRACT

Resumen El estudio de la movilidad social se ha abordado desde diferentes perspectivas teóricas, lo que ha derivado en diversos modelos para su comprensión, centrándose en aspectos diferentes del proceso de organización de la sociedad, lo que hace muy compleja la investigación de casos concretos. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar los resultados de un estudio que se propuso la construcción de una propuesta teórica integral como base para la investigación de la movilidad social, cuyo resultado fundamental es un modelo conceptual orientado a entender este fenómeno a partir de lo que se ha denominado la estructura del poder social.


Abstract The study of social mobility has been approached from different theoretical perspectives, which has resulted in various models for their understanding, by focusing on different aspects of the process of organization of society, which makes the research of specific cases very complex. The objective of this article is to present the results of a study, which offered the construction of a comprehensive theoretical proposal as a basis for the research of social mobility, the fundamental result of which is a conceptual model oriented to understand this phenomenon from what has been called the structure of social power.

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