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ABSTRACT Introduction: Exergames or active video games are digital platforms with functionality associated with body movement, which dialogue with improving physical activity levels, stimulating pleasure in practice and adherence to change habits, physically active behavior, and better quality of life. Objective: This study aimed to synthesize the available evidence on the contribution of exergame to Body Mass Index, physical activity level, glycemic control, blood pressure, and cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescents. Methods: This is a systematic review, reported following the PRISMA writing recommendations, without language restrictions, for articles indexed in the following databases: MEDLINE / PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Lilacs. Data extraction was performed analogously in a spreadsheet previously tested and standardized. The assessment of the risk of bias in the included studies was carried out by the RoB 1.0 tool in all of its domains in duplicate of reviewers. Initially, 3.039 studies were found. Results: The studies cover a total of 526 adolescents aged ten to 19. The most used platform in the studies was the Nintendo Wii, followed by the PlayStation, Xbox 360, and Dance Dance Revolution. The results indicated that interventions using exergames were effective for changing BMI, but there was no evidence on cardiovascular outcomes, with no effective changes in glycemic control and blood pressure and a significant response (p <0.05) in cardiorespiratory fitness. Conclusion: The exergame points to satisfactory results in improving health and can be incorporated as a relevant public policy in the adolescent health promotion. (PROSPERO Registration CRD42020181772). Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
RESUMEN Introducción: Los Exergames o videojuegos activos son plataformas digitales con funcionalidad asociada al movimiento corporal, que dialogan con la mejora de los niveles de actividad física, estimulando el placer en la práctica y la adherencia a cambios de hábitos, conducta físicamente activa y mejor calidad de vida. Objetivo: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo sintetizar la evidencia disponible sobre la contribución del exergame al índice de masa corporal, nivel de actividad física, control glucémico, presión arterial y aptitud cardiorrespiratoria en adolescentes. Métodos: Se trata de una revisión sistemática, reportada siguiendo las recomendaciones de redacción de PRISMA, sin restricción de idioma, para artículos indexados en las siguientes bases de datos: MEDLINE / PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library y Lilacs. La extracción de datos se realizó de manera similar en una hoja de cálculo estandarizada y probada previamente. La evaluación del riesgo de sesgo en los estudios incluidos se realizó mediante la herramienta RoB 1.0 en todos sus dominios por duplicado de revisores. Inicialmente, se encontraron 3.039 estudios. Resultados: Los estudios abarcaron un total de 526 adolescentes de 10 a 19 años. La plataforma más utilizada en estudios fue la Nintendo Wii, seguida de la PlayStation, Xbox 360 y Dance Dance Revolution. Los resultados indicaron que las intervenciones con exergames fueron efectivas para cambiar el IMC, pero no hubo evidencia sobre los resultados cardiovasculares, no hubo cambios efectivos en el control glucémico y la presión arterial, y una respuesta explicativa (p <0.05) en la aptitud cardiorrespiratoria. Conclusión: El exergame muestra resultados satisfactorios en la mejora de la salud y puede ser incorporado como una política pública relevante en la promoción de la salud de los adolescentes. (Registro PROSPERO CRD42020181772). Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos: investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.
RESUMO Introdução: Exergames ou vídeo games ativos são plataformas digitais com funcionalidade associada ao movimento corporal, que dialogam com a melhora dos níveis de atividade física, estimulando o prazer na prática e a adesão à mudança de hábitos, comportamento ativo e melhor qualidade de vida. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo sintetizar as evidências disponíveis sobre a contribuição do exergame para o Índice de Massa Corporal, nível de atividade física, controle glicêmico, pressão arterial e aptidão cardiorrespiratória em adolescentes. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática, relatada seguindo as recomendações de redação do PRISMA, sem restrição de idioma, para artigos indexados nas seguintes bases de dados: MEDLINE / PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library e Lilacs. A extração dos dados foi realizada de forma análoga em planilha previamente testada e padronizada. A avaliação do risco de viés nos estudos incluídos foi realizada pela ferramenta RoB 1.0 em todos os seus domínios em duplicata de revisores. Inicialmente, foram encontrados 3.039 estudos. Resultados: Os estudos abrangeram um total de 526 adolescentes de dez a 19 anos. A plataforma mais utilizada nos estudos foi o Nintendo Wii, seguido do PlayStation, Xbox 360 e Dance Dance Revolution. Os resultados indicaram que as intervenções com exergames foram eficazes para alterar o IMC, mas não houve evidências sobre os desfechos cardiovasculares, sem alterações eficazes no controle glicêmico e na pressão arterial e uma resposta significativa (p <0,05) na aptidão cardiorrespiratória. Conclusão: O exergame aponta resultados satisfatórios na melhoria da saúde e pode ser incorporado como uma política pública relevante na promoção da saúde do adolescente. (Registro PROSPERO CRD42020181772). Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos: investigação dos resultados do tratamento.
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Objetivo: elaborar, validar y evaluar un video educativo sobre estrategias de comunicación enfermero-paciente para estudiantes de la carrera de enfermería. Método: se trata de un estudio metodológico, con diseño longitudinal y análisis cuantitativo. El público objetivo cumplió las etapas de preproducción, producción, postproducción y evaluación del video. Resultados: cinco enfermeras evaluaron el storyboard del video y consideraron que la comprensión del tema, los tópicos abordados y el lenguaje utilizado eran apropiados y relevantes para el tema. Otras cinco enfermeras consideraron que la calidad de la técnica audiovisual utilizada, el ambiente simulado, la caracterización de los personajes y el desarrollo de las estrategias de comunicación enfermero-paciente estaban presentes y eran adecuados. La versión final del video fue evaluada por nueve estudiantes de enfermería que tuvieron un nivel de comprensión de los ítems igual o superior al 96%. El video presenta las siguientes estrategias: Estrategias Generales de Comunicación, Comunicación Intercultural, NURSE, Tell me more, Ask-Tell-Ask, Comunicación Terapéutica y Comunicación de Malas Noticias. Conclusión: este estudio describe la creación de un video, la validación que realizaron del mismo los expertos y la evaluación del público objetivo, quienes consideraron que es un recurso educativo importante para el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de las estrategias de comunicación. Los jueces y el público objetivo consideraron que el video era un instrumento válido para enseñar las estrategias de comunicación enfermero-paciente.
Objective: to create, validate and evaluate an educational video on nurse-patient communication strategies for undergraduate Nursing students. Method: this is a methodological study with a longitudinal design and quantitative analysis. The following stages were conducted: pre-production, production, post-production and evaluation of the video by the target population. Results: five female nurses evaluated the video storyboard and indicated understanding of the subject matter, the topics addressed and the language used as adequate and pertinent to the theme. Another five female nurses considered the following as present and desirable elements: quality of the audiovisual technique employed, simulated environment, characterization of the characters, and development of the nurse-patient communication strategies The final version of the video was evaluated by nine Nursing students that presented a level of item understanding of at least 96%. The video presents the following strategies: General communication strategies, Intercultural Communication, NURSE, Tell me more, Ask-Tell-Ask, Therapeutic Communication and Communicating Bad News. Conclusion: this study portrays the creation of a video, its validation by experts and its evaluation by the target population, which indicated it as a relevant educational resource for the teaching-learning process regarding communication strategies. Both the evaluators and the target population considered that the video is a valid instrument to teach content about the nurse-patient communication strategies.
Objetivo: construir, validar e avaliar um vídeo educativo sobre estratégias de comunicação enfermeiro-paciente para estudantes da graduação em enfermagem. Método: trata-se de um estudo metodológico, com delineamento longitudinal e análise quantitativa. Foram percorridas as etapas de pré-produção, produção, pós-produção e avaliação do vídeo pelo público-alvo. Resultados: cinco enfermeiras avaliaram o storyboard do vídeo e apontaram a compreensão do tema, os tópicos abordados e a linguagem utilizada como adequadas e pertinentes à temática. Outras cinco enfermeiras consideraram presentes e desejáveis: qualidade da técnica audiovisual empregada, ambiente simulado, caracterização das personagens e desenvolvimento das estratégias de comunicação enfermeiro-paciente. A versão final do vídeo foi avaliada por nove estudantes de enfermagem que apresentaram nível de compreensão dos itens igual ou acima de 96%. O vídeo apresenta as seguintes estratégias: Estratégias gerais de comunicação, Comunicação Intercultural, NURSE, Tell me more, Ask-Tell-Ask, Comunicação Terapêutica e Comunicação de Más Notícias. Conclusão: este estudo retrata a criação de um vídeo, sua validação por peritos e sua avaliação pelo público-alvo, que manifestaram tratar-se de um recurso educativo relevante para o processo de ensino-aprendizagem de estratégias de comunicação. Os juízes e o público alvo consideraram o vídeo como um instrumento válido para ensinar sobre as estratégias de comunicação enfermeiro-paciente.
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Humans , Female , Students, Nursing , Communication , Instructional Film and Video , Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate/methods , Language , Learning , Nurse-Patient RelationsABSTRACT
Introdução: No mundo, um bilhão de pessoas tem algum tipo de deficiência, dentre elas a deficiência auditiva e mais de 190 milhões são mulheres surdas. É relevante tecnologias para educação inclusiva e acessível sobre o câncer de mama a surdas. Objetivo: Construir e validar vídeo educativo para mulheres surdas sobre prevenção e rastreamento do câncer de mama. Materiais e Método: Estudo metodológico com construção de vídeo educativo e validação por 11 especialistas de conteúdo e sete especialistas técnicos. Conteúdo fundamentado no Ministério da Saúde e no Instituto Nacional do Câncer. Na análise de conteúdo foi utilizado o Instrumento de Validação de Conteúdo Educativo em Saúde. A validade foi atestada pelo Índice de Validade de Conteúdo e o teste binomial. Resultados: O vídeo tem 17 minutos e 12 segundos. Na validação de conteúdo todos os itens tiveram concordância acima de 90,9% entre os participantes. O Índice de Validade de Conteúdo global foi superior a 0,90 entre os especialistas de conteúdo. Consideraram o material excelente, muito bom ou bom, 85,8% dos especialistas técnicos. Discussão: O vídeo contribui para o ensino e aprendizagem sobre o tema, ações de autocuidado e promoção da saúde às surdas. Conclusões: Vídeo construído com narração em LIBRAS, foi considerado válido quanto ao conteúdo e aspectos técnicos e poderá ser utilizado em futuras pesquisas e na educação em saúde de surdas.
Introduction: In the world, one billion people have some kind of disability, among them hearing impairment and more than 190 million are deaf women. It is relevant technologies for inclusive and accessible education about breast cancer to deaf women. Objective: To build and validate an educational video for deaf women on breast cancer prevention and screening. Materials and Method: Methodological study with construction of educational video and validation by 11 content specialists and seven technical specialists. Content based on the Ministry of Health and the National Cancer Institute. The Health Education Content Validation Instrument was used for content analysis. Validity was attested by the Content Validity Index and the binomial test. Results: The video is 17 minutes and 12 seconds long. In the content validation all items had agreement above 90.9% among participants. The overall Content Validity Index was above 0.90 among the content experts. 85.8% of the technical experts considered the material excellent, very good or good. Discussion: The video contributes to teaching and learning about the theme, self-care actions and health promotion for deaf women. Conclusions: Video constructed with narration in LIBRAS, was considered valid in terms of content and technical aspects and can be used in future research and health education for deaf women.
Introducción: En el mundo, mil millones de personas tienen algún tipo de discapacidad, entre ellas discapacidad auditiva y más de 190 millones son mujeres sordas. Se trata de tecnologías relevantes para una educación inclusiva y accesible sobre el cáncer de mama para mujeres sordas. Objetivo: Construir y validar un vídeo educativo para mujeres sordas sobre prevención y cribado del cáncer de mama. Materiales y Método: Estudio metodológico con construcción de video educativo y validación por 11 especialistas de contenido y siete especialistas técnicos. Contenido basado en el Ministerio de Salud y el Instituto Nacional del Cáncer. Se utilizó la Herramienta de Validación de Contenidos de Educación para la Salud para analizar el contenido. La validez fue atestada por el Índice de Validez de Contenido y la prueba binomial. Resultados: El vídeo tiene una duración de 17 minutos y 12 segundos. En la validación del contenido todos los ítems tuvieron un acuerdo superior al 90,9% entre los participantes. El Índice de Validez de Contenido global fue superior a 0,90 entre los expertos en contenido. El 85,8% de los expertos técnicos consideraron el material excelente, muy bueno o bueno. Discusión: El vídeo contribuye a la enseñanza y el aprendizaje sobre el tema, las acciones de autocuidado y la promoción de la salud de las mujeres sordas. Conclusiones: El video construido con narración en LIBRAS, fue considerado válido en términos de contenido y aspectos técnicos y puede ser utilizado en futuras investigaciones y educación en salud para mujeres sordas.
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Breast Neoplasms , Health Education , Instructional Film and Video , DeafnessABSTRACT
SUMMARY: The aim of this research is to introduce the ideal lecture technique to the literature by explaining the anatomy of the skeletal system using the classical method, video-assisted method and 3D imaging techniques. The research was carried out with 180 students. The number of samples was determined by power analysis (a=0.05,b=0.20, effect size=0.25). Participants were pre-screened and divided into 4 groups with the closest group mean (group 1: control group: the group that did not take anatomy lessons, group 2: video-assisted anatomy education, group 3: 3D anatomy course, group 4: classical anatomy education group). The courses in the training groups were organised as 4 hours/day, 2 days/week for 5 weeks. At the end of the course, the students were re-examined and scaled to determine the difference in scores and self-efficacy between the groups. A one-way ANOVA test was performed because the data were normally distributed when comparing between groups. The mean scores were calculated as group 1=30.22±6.24, group 2=39.02±9.15, group 3=49.77±9.20 and group 4=59.28±8.95. In the post hoc comparison, in pairwise comparisons between all groups, the differences were highly significant (pgroup 3>group 2>group 1 (p<0.001). According to the results of this study, the laboratory method in skeletal anatomy teaching is the best alternative to 3D anatomy teaching.
El objetivo de esta investigación es introducir la técnica de lectura ideal en la literatura, explicando la anatomía del sistema esquelético, utilizando el método clásico, el método asistido por video y las técnicas de imágenes en 3D. La investigación se llevó a cabo con 180 estudiantes. El número de muestras se determinó mediante análisis de potencia (a=0,05, b=0,20, tamaño del efecto=0,25). Los participantes fueron preseleccionados y divididos en 4 grupos con la media de grupo más cercana (grupo 1: grupo de control: el grupo que no tomó lecciones de anatomía, grupo 2: educación de anatomía asistida por video, grupo 3: curso de anatomía 3D, grupo 4: grupo de educación en anatomía clásica). Los cursos en los grupos de formación se organizaron con 4 horas/día, 2 días/semana durante 5 semanas. Al final del curso, los estudiantes fueron reexaminados y escalados para determinar la diferencia en puntajes y autoeficacia entre los grupos. Se realizó una prueba de ANOVA de una vía debido a que los datos se distribuyeron normalmente al comparar entre grupos. Las puntuaciones medias se calcularon como grupo 1=30,22±6,24, grupo 2=39,02±9,15, grupo 3=49,77±9,20 y grupo 4=59,28±8,95. En la comparación post hoc, en comparaciones por pares entre todos los grupos, las diferencias fueron altamente significativas (pgrupo 3>grupo 2>grupo 1 (p<0,001). Según los resultados de este estudio, el método de laboratorio en la enseñanza de la anatomía esquelética es la mejor alternativa a la enseñanza de la anatomía en 3D.
Subject(s)
Humans , Imaging, Three-Dimensional , Education, Medical/methods , Video-Assisted Techniques and Procedures , Anatomy/education , Learning , Musculoskeletal System/anatomy & histology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Analysis of Variance , Educational Measurement , Musculoskeletal System/diagnostic imagingABSTRACT
Globally, the number of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) cases and deaths shows a declining trend since a peak in January 2022. For now, the pandemic phase looks to be ended, until a severe new variant may trigger another wave. At present, in India, small pockets of COVID-19 cases and post-COVID complications are still being reported. Therefore, physicians should remain vigilant about the atypical presentations and potential delayed or long-term complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection, even in individuals who had a mild COVID-19 infection. Here, we present the case of a 52-year-old male patient with a history of hypertension, who is a non-smoker and developed culture-negative pleural empyema 7 months after a mild COVID-19 infection. The patient was successfully treated with antibiotics and early video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery
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Background: Users of YouTube videos face considerable difficulty in handling the rapidly growing uploaded material. Videos can fall into various genres, and a single video can possess a number of characteristics. Rationale- Customized selection of the most appropriate videos for learning, teaching or research is hard to achieve. Appropriate tagging of videos for different characteristics by the uploaders for helping audience in their selection warrant meticulously designed structured format for categorizing the videos based on multiple characteristics. But no complete structured format is available for such categorization. Material & Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of 120 YouTube medical educational videos on Embryology selected through a multiphase systematic method using search terms chosen from selected focus areas of Embryology was done. This was aimed at identifying video characteristics of four functional natures: basic, academic, technical and esthetic. Using the ‘identified’ and related ‘identifiable’ characteristics, a “Proposed categorization format” was developed. Feedback on this document was obtained from five stakeholder groups i.e., anatomists, medical educationists, medical video creators, film/video/graphics experts and postgraduate students of Anatomy through a multiple-group discussion session. Results: Consensuses built on their opinions and lone voices were incorporated to develop the “Final version” of the format that possesses 38 Broad Characteristics, 179 Options, 59 Suboptions and fourteen Sub-suboptions. Conclusion: This format should be helpful in establishing a comprehensive database of medical educational videos on Embryology and with slight customization, on other anatomical subdivisions and other disciplines. But before that validation of the format by putting them into use should be justified.
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ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the prevalence of internet gaming disorder (IGD) symptoms in a sample of Brazilian adults, and its association with personality, psychiatric symptoms and psychosocial measures. Methods We evaluated 219 adults online recruited using questionnaires and psychometric scales. We evaluated the behavior and pattern of internet games using the Game Addiction Scale (GAS). We tested the association of the previous measures with the GAS scores by spearman correlations and multiple regression analysis. Results Of our sample, 74% played games online. We found correlations between IGD symptoms and most symptoms of mental disorders, with small or moderate effect sizes, as well as correlations with the personality traits of agreeableness (r = -0.272; p < 0.001), conscientiousness (r = - 0.314; p < 0.001), and neuroticism (r = 0.299; p < 0.001). Additionally, we found a negative association with psychosocial outcomes such as quality of life (r = -0.339; p < 0.001) and life satisfaction (r = - 0.202; p < 0.003). The multivariate model included the personality traits of conscientiousness and agreeableness and symptoms of dissociation and somatization as predictors. The prevalence of IGD was 9% in those who played online games. Conclusion IGD is correlated with different areas of the individual's life, such as personality, quality of life, and several common symptoms of mental disorders. The prevalence can be considered high among players (9%). Conscientiousness, agreeability, somatic symptoms, and dissociative symptoms were associated with the symptoms of IGD.
RESUMO Objetivo Investigar a prevalência de sintomas do transtorno do jogo pela internet (TJI) em uma amostra de adultos brasileiros e sua associação com personalidade, sintomas psiquiátricos e medidas psicossociais. Métodos Avaliamos 219 adultos recrutados on-line por meio de questionários e escalas psicométricas. Avaliamos o comportamento e o padrão dos jogos na internet usando a Game Addiction Scale (GAS). Testamos a associação das medidas anteriores com as pontuações na GAS por meio de correlações de Spearman e análise de regressão múltipla. Resultados De nossa amostra, 74% jogavam jogos on-line. Encontramos correlações entre sintomas do TJI e a maioria dos sintomas de transtornos mentais, com tamanhos de efeito pequenos ou moderados, bem como correlações com os traços de personalidade de amabilidade (r = -0,272; p < 0,001), conscienciosidade (r = - 0,314; p < 0,001) e neuroticismo (r = 0,299; p < 0,001). Além disso, encontramos uma associação negativa com resultados psicossociais, como qualidade de vida (r = -0,339; p < 0,001) e satisfação com a vida (r = - 0,202; p < 0,003). O modelo multivariado incluiu os traços de personalidade de conscienciosidade e amabilidade e sintomas de dissociação e somatização como preditores. A prevalência de TJI foi de 9% entre os que jogavam jogos on-line. Conclusão O TJI está correlacionado com diferentes áreas da vida do indivíduo, como personalidade, qualidade de vida e vários sintomas comuns de transtornos mentais. A prevalência pode ser considerada alta entre os jogadores (9%). Conscienciosidade, amabilidade, sintomas somáticos e sintomas dissociativos estavam associados aos sintomas do TJI.
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Fundamento: lograr que las personas con necesidades educativas especiales se formen sobre la base del mérito, las capacidades propias, el esfuerzo, la perseverancia y sobre todo que tomen en cuenta sus potencialidades, es un reto. Objetivo: diseñar videos accesibles para estudiantes, incluyendo aquellos con necesidades educativas especiales, así como evaluar su aplicabilidad. Métodos: se diseñaron videos y su aplicación en base al modelo teórico Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge: conocimiento curricular, conocimiento pedagógico y conocimiento tecnológico, con énfasis en la adaptación a necesidades educativas especiales para facilitar el aprendizaje. La evaluación consideró la aplicación del instrumento "Evaluación de herramientas educativas audiovisuales" desde los parámetros: atención, curiosidad, utilidad en repaso, estímulo a aprender, ayuda al entendimiento y el deseo de reutilizarlos. Resultados: se diseñaron tres videos con elementos de accesibilidad para estudiantes, incluyendo estudiantes con necesidades educativas especiales. En la evaluación se consiguió, de forma general, el aumento de la calificación en las pruebas parciales de la asignatura tras el empleo de los videos; la percepción de uso determinó la satisfacción como recurso de aprendizaje. Conclusiones: el diseño de recursos audiovisuales accesibles sin diferencia con estudiantes en condición de discapacidad beneficia a todo el grupo de estudiantes, en el marco de la igualdad.
Background: to achieve that people with special educational needs are trained on the basis of merit, their own abilities, effort, perseverance and above all that they take into account their potential, is a challenge. Objective: design accessible videos for students, including those with special educational needs, as well as evaluate their applicability. Methods: videos and their application were designed based on the Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge theoretical model: curricular knowledge, pedagogical knowledge and technological knowledge, with emphasis on adaptation to special educational needs to facilitate learning. The evaluation considered the application of the instrument "Evaluation of audiovisual educational tools" from the parameters: attention, curiosity, usefulness in review, stimulus to learn, help to understand and the desire to reuse them. Results: three videos were designed with accessibility elements for students, including students with special educational needs. In the evaluation, it was achieved, in a general way, the qualification increase in the partial tests of the subject after the use of the videos; the use's perception determined the satisfaction as a learning resource. Conclusions: the design of accessible audiovisual resources without difference with students with disabilities, benefits the entire group of students, within the equality framework.
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Abstract Background Currently, studies using video games as an intervention to improve cognitive functions in the elderly are on the rise. Objective To investigate and evaluate the effects of cognitive interventions using video games on cognition in healthy elderly people published in the last ten years. Methods A systematic review involving a qualitative analysis carried out between July and September 2021 on the SciELO, LILACS and MEDLINE databases.. Results A total of 262 articles were identified in the initial search. After exclusion of duplicates, analysis of titles/abstracts and of the full text, a final total of 9 studies were included in the review. The objectives of the studies included investigating the effects on cognition of cognitive training (CT) programs using video games compared to programs using entertainment games or to low-intensity CT games. Despite the growing number of studies, many of them were focused on cognitive rehabilitation in elderly people with some degree of cognitive impairment, and few involved training among healthy elderly people.
Resumo Antecedentes Atualmente, estão em alta estudos que utilizam video games para melhorar as funções cognitivas em idosos. Objetivo Investigar e avaliar os efeitos de intervenções cognitivas com video games na cognição de idosos saudáveis publicadas nos últimos dez anos. Métodos Estudo de revisão sistemática com análise qualitativa realizado entre julho e setembro de 2021, das bases de dados SciELO, LILACS e MEDLINE. Resultados Foram identificados 262 estudos na busca inicial. Após a exclusão de estudos duplicados, análise dos títulos e resumos, e análise integral dos estudos, nove estudos foram incluídos na revisão. Os objetivos de alguns estudos incluíam investigar os efeitos na cognição de programas de treino cognitivo (TC) com video games comparados aos de programas com jogos de entretenimento ou com jogos com baixa intensidade de TC. Apesar do crescente número de estudos, muitos centravam-se na reabilitação cognitiva em idosos com algum comprometimento cognitivo e poucos realizaram o treino em idosos saudáveis. Conclusão Pelos estudos analisados, as intervenções de TC com video games apresentaram melhorias significativas na velocidade de processamento (VP) e na memória operacional (MO); por outro lado, não foram observadas melhorias nas funções executivas.
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Background: Thymectomy has been identified as Constructive and active strategy for patients with Myasthenia gravis and thymic masses which have been done classically by Open Sternotomy technique and nowadays new Minimally invasive approaches have also been introduced. In this paper , Subxiphoid Uniportal VATS(Video Assis Method : ted Thoracoscopic Surgery) Thymectomy through a single port technique by utilizing the Subxiphoid approach has been discussed. I have improvised my technique pertaining to the requirements and better recovery and better post operative outcome of the patient .This procedure is indicated for all anterior mediastinal masses and maybe extended to lung cancer.The patient was placed in supine position instead of classical lithotomy position .Carbon dioxide insufflation was not used which led to faster recovery after the surgery.After dissection and resection of thymus Bilateral pleural drain were placed which was removed usually on Post Operative day 4 or 5 and patients were discharged afterwards. Several benefits of this Results: approach were observed and documented including reduced postoperative pain, Early extubation, better post operative outcome, and better dissection . In the near future ,the Subxiphoid approach has the potential to become Conclusion: GOLD STANDARD for Thymectomy and various other conditions
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Abstract A male patient was scheduled for urgent amputation of his right forearm. His right forearm was stuck inside the insertion slot of a meat grinder, resulting in severe pain to his injured arm. His upper body could not move to sit in a semi-upright position. An endotracheal tube was successfully placed after rapid sequence intubation using a video laryngoscope from behind the patient on the first attempt. This case report is the first documentation of successful anesthetic induction with subsequent endotracheal intubation using a video laryngoscope from behind an injured patient whose upper body was upright with limited positioning.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Laryngoscopes , Anesthetics , Forearm/surgery , Sitting Position , Intubation, Intratracheal/methods , Laryngoscopy/methodsABSTRACT
Abstract Objective: The vestibular recruitment observed in caloric testing is a new tool in the study of the vestibulo-ocular reflex. This study aimed to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the video head impulse test to detect post-caloric vestibular recruitment. Method: In this cross-sectional study, all participants underwent the standard otoneurological assessment of the service, caloric test, and video head impulse test. A non-linear mixed model was used to test for associations. Results: The study group consisted of 250 (89 male and 161 female) patients, with a mean age of 54.84 years. The control group comprised 35 participants, 18 men and 17 women, with a mean age of 40.42 years. Sex and age had no effect on group responses. There was no difference between the study and control groups regarding the interaction between recruitment and gain (p = 0.7487); recruitment and overt (p = 0.7002) and covert saccades (p = 1.0000); and recruitment and anti-compensatory saccades in the contralateral ear (p = 0.3050). The video head impulse test had a sensitivity of 51% and a specificity of 50% as a predictor of post-caloric recruitment. Conclusion: The video head impulse test results showed no relevance in predicting post-caloric vestibular recruitment.
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Background: Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) is a common thoracic surgical emergency affecting otherwise healthy young individuals. Its treatment options range from observation to surgery in the form of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). Surgery, generally reserved for recurrence, is gradually being utilized for certain patients presenting with PSP for the first time. In this study, we aim to report our experience of VATS in the surgical management of first episodes of PSP. Methods: A retrospective review of prospectively maintained data on all the patients undergoing surgical management during the first presentation of PSP, over a period of 10 years, was done. Results: Over the period of 10 years, out of 95 patients who underwent thoracoscopic bullectomy for pneumothorax, a total of 42 patients had presented with PSP for the first time. Most (54%) were aged 20–40 years, with male predominance (83%); right-sided (69%); commonest symptom was shortness of breath (83.3%) with a median duration of symptoms of 5.9 days. Apical bullae were the commonest computed tomographic finding (88%). Majority of the patients underwent VATS via three ports, and multiple apical bullae were the most common intraoperative findings. Four patients (9.5%) had an air leak postoperatively, managed conservatively. Average intensive care unit stay was 23 hours; average chest tube duration was 3.6 days; and the average hospital stay was 8.2 days. There was no 30-day mortality and no recurrences were noted during a median follow-up of 2 years. Conclusion: Our initial experience with surgery for the first episode of PSP has been shown to be safe and effective. Larger and more robust studies with longer follow-ups would be necessary to better delineate the role of surgery in such patients.
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Introducción. La lobectomía pulmonar es uno de los procedimientos más frecuentes en la cirugía torácica en Colombia y a nivel mundial. El objetivo de este estudio fue proporcionar información sobre el comportamiento clínico de los individuos sometidos a este tipo de cirugías. Métodos. Estudio observacional retrospectivo en un Hospital Universitario de Cali, Colombia, que incluyó todos los pacientes sometidos a lobectomía pulmonar, por causas benignas o malignas, entre los años 2010 y 2020. La información se extrajo del registro institucional de cirugía de tórax, obteniendo datos demográficos, clínicos y patológicos. Resultados. Se evaluaron los registros clínicos de 207 individuos. El 55,5 % eran mujeres, la edad promedio fue 58 años y el 41 % tuvieron antecedente de tabaquismo. En el 51,6 % de los casos se diagnosticaron neoplasias, de las cuales el 47,8 % eran primarias de pulmón, siendo el adenocarcinoma el subtipo más común. Las enfermedades benignas no tumorales representaron el 48,3 % de los casos y la causa más frecuente fueron las infecciones, dentro de las que se incluyeron 17 casos de tuberculosis pulmonar. La técnica más frecuente fue la cirugía toracoscópica video asistida (82,6 %). Presentaron un porcentaje de reintervención del 5,8 %, 10,6 % de complicaciones severas y una mortalidad hospitalaria del 4,3 %. Conclusión. La población evaluada muestra una carga alta de comorbilidades y riesgo operatorio elevado; de forma consecuente, al compararla con otras series internacionales, se encontró un porcentaje mayor de complicaciones perioperatorias y mortalidad.
Introduction. The pulmonary lobectomies is one of the most common procedures in thoracic surgery in Colombia and worldwide. The objective of this study is to provide information on the clinical behavior of individuals who underwent this type of surgeries. Methods. Retrospective observational study at a University Hospital in Cali, Colombia, including all individuals who had pulmonary lobectomies, between the years 2010 to 2020 for benign and malignant causes. The information was extracted from the institutional registry of thoracic surgery, obtaining demographic, clinical and pathological data. Results. The clinical records of 207 individuals were evaluated, 55.5% were women, the average age was 58 years, and 41% had a history of smoking. Of these cases, 51.6% were diagnosed with neoplasms, of which 47.8% were primary lung neoplasms, with adenocarcinoma being the most common subtype. As for benign diseases, they represented 48.3% of the cases and the most frequent cause was infections, including 17 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis. The most frequent technique was video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery in 82.6%, with a reoperation rate of 5.8%, up to 10.6% of severe complications, a median hospital stay of 6 days, and a hospital mortality of 4.3%.Conclusion. The population evaluated shows a high burden of comorbidities and high operative risk; consequently, when compared with other international series, it shows a higher percentage of perioperative complications, hospital stay, and mortality.
Subject(s)
Humans , Thoracic Surgery , Lung Diseases , Postoperative Complications , Thoracoscopy , Mortality , Thoracic Surgery, Video-AssistedABSTRACT
Considerando que o conhecimento do direito à saúde de toda a população deve ser estimulado no público jovem com a finalidade de fortalecer as políticas públicas dessa área, este artigo baseia-se em uma pesquisa que buscou analisar o potencial do jogo SuperSUS, por meio de sua utilização por jovens de escolas públicas, como recurso para atingir esse objetivo. A pesquisa exploratória, com abordagem qualitativa, foi realizada em duas escolas estaduais da Região Nordeste do Brasil, no período de agosto de 2019 a março de 2020. Seus resultados desvelaram aposteriori cinco categorias temáticas e 11 subcategorias, que destacam elementos do SuperSUS que facilitam a comunicação acerca do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Foram evidenciados os limites e as possibilidades do uso do jogo SuperSUS para fortalecer o Sistema Único de Saúde como política pública. Em suma, ele se mostrou dialógico, interativo e elementar para a aquisição de conhecimentos, pelo público jovem, acerca da saúde e das práticas de comunicação necessárias para o seu fortalecimento, confirmando assim que as tecnologias digitais como os serious games podem contribuir para o êxito desse processo.
Considering that the knowledge of the right to health of the entire population should be stimulated among young people, with the purpose of strengthening health policies, in this area, this article bases on research that sought to analyse the potential of the SuperSUS (a serious game), through its use by young people from public schools, as a resource to achieve this goal. The exploratory research, with a qualitative approach, was carried out in two state schools in the Northeast Region of Brazil, from August 2019 to March 2020. Its results revealed a posteriori five thematic categories and 11 subcategories, which highlight some elements of the SuperSUS that facilitate communication about the SUS - Sistema Único de Saúde (Unified Health System). The limits and possibilities of using the SuperSUS to strengthen the Sistema Único de Saúde as a public policy were evidenced. In short, it proved to be dialogic, interactive, and elementary for the acquisition of knowledge, by the young people, about the public health system and the indispensable communication practices for its strengthening, thus confirming that digital technologies such as serious games can contribute to the success of this process.
Considerando que el conocimiento del derecho a la salud de toda la población debe ser fomentado entre los jóvenes, con el objetivo de fortalecer las políticas públicas en esta área, este artículo se basa en una investigación que buscó analizar el potencial del juego SuperSUS, a través de su uso por jóvenes de escuelas públicas, como recurso para lograr este objetivo. La investigación exploratoria, con enfoque cualitativo, fue realizada en dos escuelas públicas de la Región Nordeste de Brasil, de agosto de 2019 a marzo de 2020. Sus resultados revelaron aposteriori cinco categorías temáticas y 11 subcategorías, que destacan algunos elementos del SuperSUS que facilitan la comunicación sobre el SUS - Sistema Único de Saúde (Sistema Único de Salud). Se destacaron los límites y las posibilidades de utilizar el juego SuperSUS para fortalecer el Sistema Único de Saúde como política pública. En síntesis, el juego demostró ser dialógico, interactivo y imprescindible para la adquisición de conocimientos, por parte del público joven, sobre el sistema público de salud y las prácticas de comunicación necesarias para su fortalecimiento, confirmando así que las tecnologías digitales como los serious games pueden contribuir para el éxito de este proceso
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Male , Play and Playthings , Public Policy , Unified Health System , Adolescent , Right to Health , Research , CommunicationABSTRACT
Purpose: To compare the effect of audiovisual and verbal instructions on patient performance while performing automated Humphrey visual field testing. Methods: This was a prospective study. A total 120 patients divided into groups of 40 each were recruited from the glaucoma outpatient department (OPD). All patients were aged 35–75 years with no previous experience of performing HFA. Patients with hearing impairment, any other cognitive impairment, and best?corrected visual acuity (BCVA) ?6/36 on Snellen’s visual acuity were excluded. The first two groups were given strict (conservative) and lenient (liberal) verbal instructions. The instructions were adapted from those listed in the manufacturer’s instruction. and the third group was shown a standard video depicting in detail how perimetry was to be performed. A questionnaire was given to each patient before and after the test to assess the patient’s performance. Results: Patients diagnosed with glaucoma during testing in each group were 29 (72.50%), 30 (75.0%), and 33 (82.5%) in the video instructed, strictly verbal, and leniently verbal groups, respectively. The overall mean deviation (MD) in the right eye (RE) was of ? 3.38 (?4.9 to 1.9) and in the left eye (LE) was ? 3.96 (?6.4 to ? 1.9). Reliable field was slightly higher for the video instructed group (47.5%) and lowest for the strictly verbal group (22.5%) (P = 0.033). A higher number of patients were very motivated in the video instructed group (27%) (P = 0.041). Post?test questionnaires showed that 40% of patients felt they have performed the test with 100% accuracy in video group with less guessing. A higher number of patients in the video instructed group (85%) felt instruction was helpful in performing the test (P = 0.001). Conclusion: The video groups were more motivated and had better confidence to perform the test with less anxiety and stress and with probably better understanding of the procedure due to visual effects enhancing their understanding.
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Spontaneous pneumothorax (SP) is a serious and life-threatening condition often caused by ruptured apical lung bulla in young male individuals. It is commonly associated with different syndromes but also occurs in healthy individuals. In this case report, we aim to discuss the etiology, clinical course, and surgical treatment of a 21-year-old male kickboxer with a right-sided pneumothorax that occurred during a sparring session. A chest tube with negative suction was inserted to resolve the pneumothorax. Because there was no visible resolution, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) was performed. During VATS, a large, apically placed, ruptured lung bulla, was revealed and removed. One month after surgery, the patient is in great clinical condition. There are no signs of a recurrence of SP.
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Objectives: Surgical clinical assessment of medical students is confronted by many challenges particularly the increasing numbers of students with limited resources, and pandemics. The search for new tools of assessment continues. Our objectives were: (1) To develop a computer-based clinical exam (CCE) and identify its characteristics (2) To assess its acceptability of the students. Method: The study was conducted at the Surgical Department, Alzaiem Alazhari University (AAU) between February and August, 2017. We used the modular object oriented dynamic learning environment (MOODLE) program as a platform to upload and deliver the exam. The exam consisted of 45 questions (stations). Each consisted of a clinical scenario accompanied by a photograph (of a patient or investigation) or short video followed by multiple choice questions (MCQs). A questionnaire was designed to get the students' feedback. We analyzed the questionnaire and scores obtained by the students and compared them to their performance in other tools of the surgical exam, using SPSS statistical program. Results: The study included 188 final year medical students. There was a highly significant correlation of the CCE scores of each student with their final result (r= 0.67), and with other tools of the surgery exam particularly the objective structured clinical examination (OSCE). Students' acceptability was high. Conclusion: The CCE is valid and practicable. It saves time and is popular with the students and tutors. It complements the OSCE in the assessment of clinical competency and allows wide coverage of the curriculum. It is expected to gain importance and popularity in the post-COVID-19 era.
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Humans , Male , Female , COVID-19 , DiagnosisABSTRACT
@#Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of subxiphoid video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (XVATS) and conventional intercostal VATS (CVATS) extended thymectomy for myasthenia gravis (MG). Methods The clinical data of MG patients who underwent extended thymectomy in the Department of Thoracic Surgery of Xuzhou Central Hospital from October 2016 to October 2021 and finished the follow-up were retrospectively reviewed. They were divided into an XVATS group and a CVATS group according to the procedure. The perioperative variables and clinical efficacy of the two groups were compared. Results A total of 84 patients were collected, including 43 males and 41 females, with a mean age of 52.3 years. There were 41 patients in the XVATS group and 43 patients in the CVATS group. There was no mortality, cardiopulmonary thrombosis, prolonged air leak, or mediastinal infection. Additionally, the CVATS group recorded 5 (11.6%) patients of conversion to open thoracotomy, 1 (2.3%) patient of postoperative MG crisis, 1 (2.3%) patient of bleeding in thorax, and 1 (2.3%) patient of chylothorax. The operation time (127.4±50.4 min vs. 122.9±38.6 min), intraoperative bleeding [46.9 (25.7, 79.2) mL vs. 45.7 (21.9, 92.1) mL], incidence of complications [0 vs. 7.0% (3/43)], chest tube duration (4.3±1.9 d vs. 4.8±2.8 d), follow-up time (19.1±8.5 months vs. 22.5±13.7 months), the proportion of residual mediastinal fat tissue [12.2% (5/41) vs. 4.7% (2/43)], and total MG remission rate [29.3% (12/41) vs. 51.2% (22/43)] were not statistically different between the two groups (P>0.05). However, the two groups showed significantly different incidence of conversion to open thoracotomy [0 vs. 11.6% (5/43), P=0.024], postoperative hospital stay time (8.2±3.3 d vs. 11.4±5.8 d, P=0.003) and total drainage volume [396.7 (173.8, 542.5) mL vs. 218.8 (102.1, 430.0) mL, P=0.038]. Conclusion XVATS extended thymectomy is technically safe and feasible; however, more evidence is warranted before the recommendation of this approach for the treatment of MG.
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@#Objective To compare clinical effects of enlarged thymectomy for the treatment of myasthenia gravis (MG) complicated with thymoma via subxiphoid and subcostal arch thoracoscopic resection versus median sternotomy resection. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of patients with MG complicated with thymoma admitted in Tangdu Hospital of the Air Force Military Medical University between December 2011 and December 2021. Patients who underwent subxiphoid and subcostal arch thoracoscopic enlarged thymectomy were allocated to a SR group, and patients who underwent median sternotomy enlarged thymectomy were allocated to a MR group. Perioperative outcomes were compared between the two groups. Results A total of 456 patients were collected. There were 51 patients in the MR group, including 30 males and 21 females aged 23-66 (49.5±11.8) years. There were 405 patients in the SR group, among whom 51 patients were matched to the MR group by propensity score matching, including 28 males and 23 females aged 26-70 (47.2±12.2) years. The operations were accomplished successfully in all patients, and no conversion to thoracotomy occurred in the SR group. The SR group had advantages in the operation time, intraoperative blood loss, chest drainage duration, hospital stay time, patients’ satisfaction level, pain score and complications (all P<0.05). No statistical difference was found in the number of intraoperative lymph node dissection stations, number of intraoperative lymph nodes dissected or remission of MG between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Subxiphoid and subcostal arch thoracoscopic enlarged thymectomy and lymphadenectomy is a safe, effective and feasible minimally invasive procedure for the treatment of MG complicated with thymoma.