Analysis on the Hospitalization Expenses of Thyroid Cancer Patients Based on Structural Change Degree and Grey Correlation / 中国医院管理

Objective To analyze the structural changes and reasons for hospitalization expenditure among patients with thyroid cancer,so as to provide a reference basis for reasonable control of medical costs,making the structure of hospitalisation costs for patients undergoing surgery for thyroid cancer more rational.Methods The degree of structural change and the grey correlation method were used to quantitatively analyze the changes in the structure of hospitalization expenses and the degree of correlation of patients with thyroid cancer surgery in a hospital in Shanxi Province from 2017 to 2022.Results From 2017 to 2022,the hospitalization expenses of thyroid cancer surgery patients in the hospital showed a decreasing trend,and drug fees and consumables fees accounted for a large proportion.Consumables fees and treatment fees showed positive contribution changes,drug fees and diagnosis fees showed negative contribution changes.Nursing fees and general medical service fees showed positive contribution changes,but were not obvious.During the 6-year period,the top two related factors affecting the hospitalization expenses of thyroid cancer patients were drug fees and consumables fees.Conclusion The structure of hospitalization expenses of per thyroid cancer patients tends to be reasonable,but there is still a large room for improvement.It is suggested to continue to strengthen the control of drugs and medical consumables,and clarify the value composition of technical labor and material consumables,so as to further optimize the structure of hospitalization expenses.

Association between visceral fat area measured with quantitative CT and fatty liver in normal weight population / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective:To analyze the association between visceral fat area (VFA) and fatty liver based on quantitative CT (QCT) in people receiving health examination with normal body mass index (BMI).Methods:A cross-sectional study. A total of 1 305 physical examiners who underwent chest CT and QCT examination in the Department of Health Management of Henan Provincial People′s Hospital from January to December 2021 were retrospectively selected as subjects. The physical components at the central level of the lumbar two cone were measured with QCT, including subcutaneous fat area (SFA), VFA and liver fat content (LFC). And the metabolic indexes, such as blood lipids and blood glucose, were collected. The t-test and χ2 test were used to analyze the correlation between the detection rate of fatty live and LFCr and age and gender. According to level of VFA (<100 cm 2, 100-150 cm 2 and≥150 cm 2), the subjects were divided into three groups, and one-way ANOVA and χ2 test were used in comparison between groups. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the correlation between VFA and metabolic indexes and LFC. Results:Of the 1 305 subjects, there were 634 males and 671 females. The detection rate of fatty liver in normal BMI population was 65.67%, and it was 72.71% and 59.02% respectively in men and women ( χ2=27.12, P<0.001), and the detection rate of fatty liver and LFC increased with age (both P<0.05). With the increase of VFA, the age, BMI, SFA, LFC, total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), fasting blood glucose (FBG), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), blood uric acid and prevalence of fatty liver increased (all P<0.05), and the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) decreased ( P<0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that after adjustment for age factors, regardless of male or female, LFC was independently positively related with VFA, BMI, and ALT (male β=0.206, 0.145, 0.174, female β=0.194, 0.150, 0.184; all P<0.05). FBG was positively correlated with male independently ( β=0.134; P<0.001). The indicators related to female independently were TC, TG, and blood uric acid ( β=-0.121, 0.145, 0.141, all P<0.05) Conclusion:In the population receiving health examination with normal BMI, the VFA measured by QCT technique is closely related to fatty liver.

Microbial-lipid Metabolism Mechanism of Liver Injury in Wistar Rats Caused by Dictamni Cortex- Flavescens Sophora / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo observe the microbial changes in Wistar rats with liver injury caused by the Dictamni Cortex-Flavescens Sophora by high-throughput sequencing technology and investigate the potential mechanism of liver injury caused by the Dictamni Cortex-Flavescens Sophora. MethodFemale Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups： normal group， as well as low-dose， medium-dose， and high-dose groups of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. The rats were gavaged with the Dictamni Cortex-Flavescens Sophora in different doses （4.125， 8.25， 16.5 g·kg-1 of raw drug respectively） for 28 days， and the general condition was recorded. The liver-body weight ratio was calculated， and the biochemical indexes of serum were observed. The Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used to observe pathological changes in the liver， and 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing was utilized to detect fecal microbial changes in rats. ResultCompared with the normal group， Dictamni Cortex-Flavescens Sophora increased the liver weights and liver-body weight ratios of Wistar rats. The difference in liver weight between the medium-dose and high-dose groups of TCM was statistically significant （P<0.05）， and the liver-body weight ratios of the low-dose， medium-dose， and high-dose groups of TCM were all statistically significant （P<0.05）. Compared with the normal group， serum albumin and cholesterol levels increased in the medium-dose and high-dose groups of TCM （P<0.05）. The histopathology of the liver in the medium-dose and high-dose groups of TCM showed tiny vacuole-like changes. Compared with the normal group， there were obvious intestinal flora disorders after administration of Dictamni Cortex-Flavescens Sophora， and alpha diversity increased in the medium-dose and high-dose groups of TCM. The principal coordinates analysis showed that species increasingly deviated from the normal group as the administered dose increased. Compared with the normal group， the proportion of Firmicutes and Bacteroidota decreased after the drug administration， and the genus level of Parasutterella， Romboutsia， Turicibacter， Allobaculum， and Dubosiella increased. The genus level of Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group， Blautia， Erysipelatoclostridium， Muribaculum， and Ruminococcus_gnavus_group decreased. The correlation analysis showed that Parasutterella， Romboutsia， Turicibacter， Allobaculum， and Dubosiella were positively correlated with serum cholesterol and liver-body weight ratio， and lanchnospiraceae_NK4A136_group， Blautia， Muribaculum， Erysipelatoclostridium， and Ruminococcus_gnavus_group were negatively associated with serum cholesterol and liver-body weight ratio. ConclusionThe liver injury caused by Dictamni Cortex-Flavescens Sophora is manifested as a lipid metabolism disorder， and the mechanism is related to the increase in lipid metabolism-related microorganisms.

Exploration of the Acupoint Selection Rules of Acupuncture for the Treatment of Tic Disorders in Children Based on Data Mining Techniques / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To analyze the acupoint selection rules of acupuncture for the treatment of tic disorders in children based on data mining techniques.Methods A computerized search was conducted for the clinical research literature on acupuncture treatment of tic disorders in children included in the CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,SinoMed,and PubMed databases from January 1992 to December 2022.A database was established by Excel 2019 to count the commonly used treatment methods and analyze the high-frequency application methods acupuncture(high-frequency acupoints,channel entry of acupoints,acupoint association rules,and acupoint clustering),auricular point seed-pressing(high-frequency auricular points,and acupoint association rules),and the high frequency division of cluster needling of scalp point.Results A total of 190 valid literature articles were included,involving 270 acupuncture prescriptions;among them,184 acupoints were counted in the acupuncture method,with a total application frequency of 1 906 times,and the high-frequency application of the acupoints in descending order were Baihui(DU20),Taichong(LR3),Fengchi(GB20),Hegu(LI4),Sanyinjiao(SP6),Neiguan(PC6),Shenmen(HT7),Zusanli(ST36),Yintang(EX-HN3),Sishencong(EX-HN1);and the high-frequency meridians were governor vessol,foot taiyang stomach meridian,foot taiyang stomach meridian,foot shaoyang gallbladder meridian,hand taiyang large intestine meridian,foot taiyang bladder meridian,foot jueyin gallbladder meridian;three sets of strong association rules and five clusters of acupoints were analyzed by SPSS modeler 18.0 and IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0 software.There were 29 acupoints of auricular point seed-pressing,application total frequency was 206 times,high-frequency application of auricular points in descending order of Shenmen(HT7),liver,heart,subcortex,kidney;four groups of acupoint strong association rules were obtained through the analysis of SPSS modeler 18.0 software.A total of 14 zones were involved in the application of cephalic acupoint plexus zoning,of which the high-frequency zones were parietal anterior temporal diagonal,parietal parietal 1,and chorea tremor control zone.Conclusion Acupuncture treatment of tic disorders in children,according to its pathogenesis(liver hyperactivity,kidney depletion,spleen deficiency,phlegm disturbance,etc.)and tic site,select acupoints compatibility,and mostly choose yang meridian acupoints,which is related to the nature and treatment characteristics of wind pathogen.Children's tic disorders are closely related to emotional disorders,therefore acupuncture and auricular acupoints all emphasize the method of soothing the liver and clearing the heart,and regulating the emotional state.Cluster needling of scalp point mostly used parietal temporal anterior oblique line,parietal 1 line,and dance tremor control area for the treatment of tic disorders.For children,auricular point seed-pressing and cluster needling of scalp point has the minimun of pain,the effect of treatment is long,and it is not easy to have dangerous situations such as bent needle,broken needle and so on.

Clinical value of 64-slice spiral CT in traumatic brain injury and its correlation study on cognitive function evaluation / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the diagnostic effect of 64-slice spiral CT in patients with traumatic brain injury(TBI),and to evaluate the correlation between CT scores and cognitive function.Methods A total of 138 cases of TBI patients underwent surgical treatment were selected.The surgical pathological examination results were regarded as the gold standard.The prognosis was assessed by Glasgow outcome scale(GOS).The CT scores of all patients were compared by Montreal cognitive assessment(MoCA)and mini-mental state examination(MMSE)scores,and correlation between CT scores and cognitive-related scores was analyzed.Results The sensitivity of 64-slice spiral CT was 74.64%,82.61%and 98.55%within 3 hours,1 day and 2-3 days after admission,respectively.The MoCA and MMSE scores of severe patients were significantly higher than those of moderate and mild patients,and the MoCA and MMSE scores of moderate patients were significantly higher than those of mild patients(P<0.05).CT score was positively correlated with both MoCA and MMSE scores(P<0.05).The GOS of severe patients was significantly higher than that of moderate and mild patients,and the GOS of moderate patients was significantly higher than that of mild patients(P<0.05).Conclusion TBI can be detected with high sensitivity via 64-slice spiral CT.CT score has a significant positive correlation with the cognitive function,and is closely related to the prognosis.It can provide an effective basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Correlation between coronal pressure variation and coronal imbalance in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:The distribution of horizontal pressure in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis can be used to evaluate the coronal imbalance.Currently,there are no reports on the characteristics of coronal pressure distribution and its correlation with coronal imbalance. OBJECTIVE:To explore the correlation between coronal pressure variation and coronal imbalance in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients. METHODS:A total of 39 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria in Lianyungang First People's Hospital from March 2021 to June 2022 were selected as the adolescent idiopathic scoliosis group,and 30 matched healthy volunteers were recruited from the outpatient department as the control group.The horizontal position pressure,folding position pressure,coefficient of variation,and global and trunk pressure variation were measured by the TBED Postural Couch evaluation system.In the adolescent idiopathic scoliosis group,full-length spine radiographs were taken to measure Cobb angle,coronal balance,apical vertebral deviation and Nash-Moe rotation.The characteristics of coronal pressure variation and its correlation with coronal imbalance were analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Compared with the control group,there was no statistically significant difference in the horizontal position pressure and folding position pressure in the adolescent idiopathic scoliosis group(P>0.05),but the global pressure variation and coefficient of variation were significantly increased(all P<0.05).(2)There were differences in both sides of the trunk of the adolescent idiopathic scoliosis group and the control group(P<0.05),and the convex side pressure variation in the adolescent idiopathic scoliosis group was higher than the concave side pressure variation in the left and right side pressure variation in the control group(all P<0.05).(3)The variation of the convex side pressure of the trunk in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients was positively correlated with coronal balance intensity(r=0.692,P<0.05),moderately positively correlated with Cobb angle and apical vertebral deviation(r=0.499,0.595,all P<0.05),and weakly correlated with Nash-Moe grade(r=0.377,P<0.05).The variation of the concave side pressure of the trunk was moderately positively correlated with coronal balance(r=0.410,P<0.05),and the rest was weakly correlated or not correlated(P>0.05).(4)These findings indicate that pressure variation may be used as an adjoint assessment tool in patients with mild to moderate scoliosis.

Correlation analysis of circular RNAs involved in liver injury in mice with autoimmune hepatitis / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:The pathogenesis of autoimmune hepatitis has not been clearly elucidated.Circular RNA(CircRNA)is a research hotspot in the field of RNA and is involved in the pathogenesis of many autoimmune diseases.However,the role of CircRNA in autoimmune hepatitis remains unclear. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the relationship between CircRNA(CircRNA)and concanavalin A induced liver injury in mice with autoimmune hepatitis. METHODS:Bioinformatics analysis was performed on CircRNA profiles selected by previous microarray technology,including gene ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)enrichment analyses,so as to explore the potential biological functions of these differentially expressed genes.Twelve C57BL/6 mice were randomized into normal group and model group(n=6 per group).Autoimmune hepatitis model was established by tail vein injection of concanavalin A in the model group.Mice were killed at 12 hours after modeling to extract mouse liver and peripheral blood.The expression levels of CircRNAs were verified by qRT-PCR.Serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels were detected by colorimetric method.The levels of oxidative stress indexes malondialdehyde and nitric oxide in mouse liver were detected by microplate method.The correlation between oxidative stress level and liver injury index was analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The results of GO analysis showed that the target genes with up-regulated CircRNAs expression were mainly involved in the biological processes of SNARE complex assembly regulation(P=0.004),their molecular functions were mainly metal ion binding(P=0.000 29),and the cell components were mainly enriched in CORVET complex(P=0.075).The biological processes involved in the down-regulated circRNAs target genes were mainly"negative regulation of pancreatic secretion"(P=0.000 42),the molecular functions were mainly"transcriptional activator activity"(P=0.025),and the cell components were mainly enriched in"extracellular components"(P=0.006).KEGG results showed that the target genes with up-regulated CircRNAs expression were mainly enriched in the"base excision-repair"signaling pathways(P=0.026).Compared with the normal group,serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels and the levels of malondialdehyde and nitric oxide in mouse liver in the model group were significantly increased(P＜0.01).Compared with the normal group,the expression of two selected CircRNAs(mmu-circ-0001520 and mmu-circ-0001577)was increased in the model group(P＜0.05).Spearman correlation analysis showed that the expression of mmu-circ-0001520 and mmu-circ-0001577 was positively correlated with alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,malondialdehyde and nitric oxide.To conclude,the differential expression of CircRNAs is correlated with liver injury in autoimmune hepatitis mice.mmu-circ-0001520 and mmu-circ-0001577 are expected to be diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for autoimmune hepatitis.

Construction and application of a risk index of Echinococcus infection based on the classification of echinococcosis lesions / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To investigate the feasibility of constructing the risk index of Echinococcus infection based on the classification of echinococcosis lesions, so as to provide insights into the management of echinococcosis. Methods The imaging data of echinococcosis cases were collected from epidemiological surveys of echinococcosis in China from 2012 to 2016, and the detection of incident echinococcosis cases was captured from the annual echinococcosis prevention and control reports across provinces (autonomous regions) and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps in China from 2017 to 2022. After echinococcosis lesions were classified, a risk index of Echinococcus infection was constructed based on the principle of discrete distribution marginal probability and multi-group classification data tests. The correlation between the risk index of Echinococcus infection and the detection of incident echinococcosis cases was evaluated in the provinces (autonomous regions and corps) from 2017 to 2022, and the correlations between the short and medium-term risk indices and between the medium and long-term risk indices of Echinococcus infection were examined using a univariate linear regression model. Results A total of 4 014 echinococcosis cases in China from 2012 to 2016 were included in this study. The short-, medium- and long-term risk indices of E. granulosus infection varied in echinococcosis-endemic provinces (autonomous regions and corps) of China (χ2 = 4.12 to 708.65, all P values < 0.05), with high short- (0.058), medium- (0.137) and long-term risk indices (0.104) in Tibet Autonomous Region, and the short-, medium- and long-term risk indices of E. multilocularis infection varied in echinococcosis-endemic provinces (autonomous regions and corps) of China (χ2 = 6.74 to 122.60, all P values < 0.05), with a high short-term risk index in Sichuan Province (0.016) and high medium- (0.009) and long-term risk indices in Qinghai Province (0.018). There were no significant correlations between the risk index of E. granulosus infection and the detection of incident cystic echinococcosis cases during the study period (t = −0.518 to 2.265, all P values > 0.05), and strong correlations were found between the risk indices of E. multilocularis infection and the detection of incident alveolar echinococcosis cases (including mixed type) in 2018, 2020, 2021, 2022, during the period from 2017 through 2020, from 2017 through 2021, from 2017 through 2022 (all r values > 0.7, t = 2.521 to 3.692, all P values < 0.05). Linear regression models were established between the risk index of E. multilocular infection and the detection of alveolar echinococcosis cases (including mixed type), and the models were all statistically significant (b = 0.214 to 2.168, t = 2.458 to 3.692, F = 6.044 to 13.629, all P values < 0.05). The regression coefficients for the correlations between the medium- and short-term, and between the long- and medium-term risk indices of E. granulosus infection were 2.339 and 0.765, and the regression coefficients for the correlations between the medium- and short-term, and between the long- and medium-term risk indices of E. multilocular infection were 0.280 and 1.842, with statistical significance seen in both the regression coefficients and regression models (t = 16.479 to 197.304, F = 271.570 to 38 928.860, all P values < 0.05). Conclusions The risk index of Echinococcus infection has been successfully established based on the classification of echinococcosis lesions, which may provide insights into the prevention and control, prediction, diagnosis and treatment, and classified management of echinococcosis.

Correlation between Content of Active Ingredients of Aurantii Fructus and Soil Factor / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo study the correlation between the content of active ingredients of Aurantii Fructus in different main production areas and soil factors， so as to provide a theoretical basis for implementing ecological regulation of soil， improving the quality of Aurantii Fructus， and revealing the origin of genuine medicinal materials. MethodThe content of naringin， neohesperidin， total flavonoids， volatile oil， total nitrogen， total phosphorus， total potassium， and 17 soil factor-related indicators in 25 batches of Aurantii Fructus from different production areas were determined. The main soil factors affecting the content of active ingredients of Aurantii Fructus were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis， principal component analysis， and grey correlation analysis. ResultThe pH value of the soil is between 4.83 and 8.21， and the soil is weakly acidic and neutral in general. Soil fertility exceeds the average. Pearson correlation analysis shows that the soil factors most related to the four active ingredients of Aurantii Fructus are total phosphorus， available copper， available zinc， exchangeable magnesium， available sulfur， available phosphorus， and available molybdenum. Principal component analysis shows that total nitrogen， alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen， organic matter， available phosphorus， and available zinc are the main characteristic factors in soil. Grey correlation analysis shows that the main soil factors affecting the active ingredients of Aurantii Fructus are total phosphorus， total nitrogen， available zinc， available copper， exchangeable magnesium， and pH. ConclusionIn the cultivation of Aurantii Fructus， the medicinal material quality of Aurantii Fructus could be improved by adjusting the level of beneficial factors in the soil and improving the soil texture.

Comparison of Quality Change During Processing Process of Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix from Different Origins Based on Color-component Correlation Analysis / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTaking Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix（ABR） from different origins as samples， to quantitatively analyze the chemical composition and chromaticity of ABR with different processing degrees， and clarify the correlation and change law between color and composition in the processing process of ABR， so as to provide reference for the quality evaluation of processed products of ABR. MethodThe colorimeter is used to measure the chromaticity values of three kinds of processing degrees of ABR in different origins to show the color value change trend during the processing process， and the color parameters of wine-processed and salt-processed products of ABR with different processing degrees were analyzed by principal component analysis（PCA）， orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis（OPLS-DA） and other analysis methods. The contents of eight representative components of ABR were measured by high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）， the correlation between chromaticity and each representative component was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis， and the applicability of the selected eight representative components was further verified by Fisher linear discriminant analysis， and the wine-processed and salt-processed products of ABR with different processing degrees were grouped according to the degree of processing， and 48 samples of wine-processed and salt-processed products with different processing degrees were used as training samples. Taking the contents of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural， polypodine B， β-ecdysterone， 25R-inokosterone， 25S-inokosterone， ginsenoside Ro， chikusetsusaponin Ⅳa and polysaccharides as variables， the discriminant function was established respectively， and 12 samples of wine-processed and salt-processed products of ABR with different processing degrees were back-tested to verify the discriminant function and test the reliability of the function. ResultPCA and OPLS-DA results showed that ABR samples with different processing degrees were classified into clusters， and the results could significantly distinguish different processed products. During the process of wine and salt processing， the contents of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural， ginsenoside Ro， and chikusetsusaponin Ⅳa gradually increased with the deepening of the processing degree， while the contents of polypodine B， β-ecdysterone， 25R-inokosterone， 25S-inokosterone and polysaccharides showed a gradual decreasing trend， indicating these 8 components increased and decreased to different degrees in the process of wine and salt processing. The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that the 5-hydroxymethylfurfural content of the samples with different processing degrees of wine-processed and salt-processed products were negatively correlated with the brightness value（L*） and the total color difference value（E*ab）（P<0.01）， and positively correlated with the red-green value（a*） and the yellow-blue value（b*）（P<0.01）， and that the content of polypodine B and polysaccharides were positively correlated with L* and E*ab（P<0.01）. The discriminant functions of wine-processed and salt-processed products of ABR were established by Fisher linear discriminant analysis， and their accuracy rates in the training samples were 93.75% and 95.83%， respectively. Twelve test samples of wine-processed and salt-processed products with different processing degree were back substitution， and the correct rate was 100%. ConclusionThe trend of composition and color changes of ABR with different processing degrees in different production areas is relatively consistent， and the color value can better distinguish ABR with different processing degrees， and the color of ABR is related to some representative components in the processing process， indicating that the color can provide reference for the identification of the processing degree of ABR and the prediction of component content.

Integrated correlation analysis of the thickness of buccal bone and gingiva of maxillary incisors

Abstract Objective This study aimed to validate the integrated correlation between the buccal bone and gingival thickness of the anterior maxilla, and to gain insight into the reference plane selection when measuring these two tissues before treatment with implants. Methodology Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and model scans of 350 human subjects were registered in the coDiagnostiX software to obtain sagittal maxillary incisor sections. The buccal bone thickness was measured at the coronal (2, 4, and 6 mm apical to the cementoenamel junction [CEJ]) and apical (0, 2, and 4 mm coronal to the apex plane) regions. The buccal gingival thickness was measured at the supra-CEJ (0, 1mm coronal to the CEJ) and sub-CEJ regions (1, 2, 4, and 6 mm apical to the CEJ). Canonical correlation analysis was performed for intergroup correlation analysis and investigation of key parameters. Results The mean thicknesses of the buccal bone and gingiva at different levels were 0.64~1.88 mm and 0.66~1.37 mm, respectively. There was a strong intergroup canonical correlation between the thickness of the buccal bone and that of the gingiva (r=0.837). The thickness of the buccal bone and gingiva at 2 mm apical to the CEJ are the most important indices with the highest canonical correlation coefficient and loadings. The most and least prevalent subgroups were the thin bone and thick gingiva group (accounting for 47.6%) and the thick bone and thick gingiva group (accounting for 8.6%). Conclusion Within the limitations of this retrospective study, the thickness of the buccal bone is significantly correlated with that of the buccal gingiva, and the 2 mm region apical to the CEJ is a vital plane for quantifying the thickness of these two tissues

Correlation analysis of cardiopulmonary exercise test indices and conditions of overweight patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a retrospective study

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The cardiopulmonary function of patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is significantly lower than that of patients with simple snoring and is significantly related to the severity of OSA. Currently, only a few studies have been conducted on cardiopulmonary exercise testing in overweight patients with OSA. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the correlation between cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) indices and the condition of overweight patients with OSA. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective study in Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine. METHODS: This study included 73 hospitalized overweight patients. The patients were divided into no, mild, moderate, and severe OSA groups. Differences in the CPET indices among the four groups were compared. The correlation between the CPET indices and conditions was analyzed. RESULTS: No, mild, moderate, and severe OSA groups had 18 men and 5 women, 11 men and 3 women, 12 men and 2 women, and 21 men and 1 woman, respectively (P > 0.05). No significant difference was observed in resting pulmonary function among the four groups (P > 0.05). In the CPET, the anaerobic threshold, maximum oxygen uptake, and oxygen pulse were significantly lower in the severe OSA group than those in the normal OSA group (P < 0.05). Moreover, CPET indices negatively correlated with the apnea-hypopnea index. CONCLUSION: Changes in CPET indices occurred earlier than changes in resting pulmonary function in patients with OSA. CPET might be a potential method for evaluating the severity of OSA combined with overweight status.

Lactic Acid Inhibits the Cytotoxicity of NK-92 Cells via Activating the Lactate Receptor GPR81

Aims: Lactate acid functions as not only an energy source but a signaling molecule through the lactate receptor GPR81 under physiological conditions. However, the pathological role of lactic acid in the tumor microenvironment remains unclear, particularly for immune cells. Methodology: NK-92 cells were treated with L-lactic acid solutions at final concentrations of 10, 20, 30, and 40 mM, and its cell viability and cytotoxicity on A549 cells and A375 cells were evaluated by CCK8 assay and crystal violet assay, respectively. Furthermore, qPCR was used to assess the expression of GPR81 and cytotoxicity-related genes in NK-92 cells treated with antagonist and agonist. And their relationship between lactate/GPR81 pathway and cytotoxicity-related genes were analyzed by Pearson’s correlation. Results: The viability of NK-92 cells was inhibited by L-lactic acid with increasing concentration. Additionally, the cytotoxic activity against tumor cells of NK-92 cells treated with L-lactic acid decreased with increasing concentration. Moreover, qPCR results demonstrated that GPR81 can be activated by lactic acid or agonist (3,5-DHBA) and downregulate the expression cytotoxicity-related genes which included FASLG gene(Fas Ligand),TNF-? gene(Tumor necrosis factor-?), INFG gene (Interferon-?), RPF1 gene (Perforin 1), GZMA gene (Granzyme A), GZMB gene (Granzyme B), GZMH gene (Granzyme H), GAMK gene (Granzyme K) and GZMM gene (Granzyme M). And the expression of GPR81 returned to near-control level when treated with L-lactic acid in the presence of antagonist (3-OBA), the expression of cytotoxicity-related genes did as well. Pearson’s correlation analysis of cytotoxicity-related genes with GPR81 revealed that their correlation coefficient seems negative. Conclusion: Lactic acid can activate the GPR81 to downregulate the expression of cytotoxicity-related genes, subsequently lower the cytotoxicity of NK-92 cells.

Investigation of pharmacodynamic material basis of Schisandra chinensis in the treatment of allergic asthma / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To study the pharmacological basis of Schisandra chinensis in the treatment of allergic asthma. METHODS The common components of 10 batches of S. chinensis from different habitats were analyzed by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. Furthermore， the allergic asthma model was established by intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin （OVA） and aluminum hydroxide for stimulation combined with atomization exitation； general behavioral observation and the contents of interferon γ （IFN-γ）， interleukin-4 （IL-4） and immunoglobulin E （IgE） in serum were taken as criteria for evaluating the therapeutic effect of S. chinensis from different habitats in the treatment of allergic asthma. Correlation coefficients between common peak area and efficacy evaluation index of each batch of medicinal material were analyzed through grey correlation degree and Pearson correlation analysis. RESULTS A total of 21 common components were identified in 10 batches of S. chinensis from different habitats. After administration of S. chinensis， symptoms such as shortness of breath， sneezing and curling of rats were alleviated. In addition， the content of IFN-γ was significantly increased while the contents of IL-4 and IgE in serum were distinctly decreased （P＜0.01）. Grey correlation analysis showed that 11 common components had high correlation coefficients with IFN-γ， IL-4 and IgE （rˉ＞0.8）. Pearson correlation analysis showed that 8 components were significantly positively correlated with the content of IFN-γ （P＜ 0.05）， and 9， 8 components were significantly negatively correlated with the content of IL-4 and IgE （P＜0.05）. Based on the results of grey correlation degree and Pearson correlation analysis， 7 components such as peak 3， 4， 6， 7， 9， 19 and 20， were highly related to S. chinensis in the treatment of allergic asthma. CONCLUSIONS Schisandrol A， schisandrin B， schisandrin C， gomisin M2， gomisin J， pregomisin and angeloylgomisin H are the potential pharmacodynamic substance basis of S. chinensis in the treatment of allergic asthma.

Effect of Rhizophagus intraradices on growth of Salvia miltiorrhiza / 中国中药杂志

The study aimed to explore the effects of inoculation of Rhizophagus intraradices on the biomass, effective component content, and endogenous hormone content of Salvia miltiorrhiza through pot experiments. The number of leaves, plant height, dry weight of aboveground and underground parts, branch number, root number, root length, root diameter, and other biomass were mea-sured by weighing and counting methods. The content of salvianolic acid B, caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, tanshinone Ⅰ, tanshinone Ⅱ_A, cryptotanshinone, and other effective components was determined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography. The content of ABA and GA_3 was determined by triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. The correlations between biomass and effective components and between effective components and plant hormones ABA and GA_3 were analyzed. The results showed that R. intraradices significan-tly increased the aboveground dry weight, leaf number, and root number of S. miltiorrhiza by 0.24-0.65 times, respectively. The content of salvianolic acid B and rosmarinic acid in the aboveground part and the content of salvianolic acid B, caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, tanshinone Ⅰ, and tanshinone Ⅱ_A in the underground part were significantly increased by 0.44-1.78 times, respectively. R. intraradices infection significantly increased the GA_3/ABA values of aboveground and underground parts by 3.82 and 76.47 times, respectively. The correlation analysis showed that caffeic acid, the effective component of the aboveground part, was significantly positively correlated with plant height, tanshinone Ⅱ_A, the effective component of the underground part, was significantly positively correlated with biomass root number, cryptotanshinone, and dry weight, while rosmarinic acid was significantly negatively correlated with dry weight. There were significant positive correlations between cryptotanshinone and ABA, tanshinone Ⅱ_A and ABA and GA_3, and caffeic acid and GA_3. In conclusion, R. intraradices can promote the accumulation of biomass and secondary metabolites of S. miltiorrhiza and regulate the balance between plant hormones ABA and GA_3, thereby promoting the growth of S. miltiorrhiza.

Correlation Analysis of Molecularly-Defined Cortical Interneuron Populations with Morpho-Electric Properties in Layer V of Mouse Neocortex / 神经科学通报·英文版

Cortical interneurons can be categorized into distinct populations based on multiple modalities, including molecular signatures and morpho-electrical (M/E) properties. Recently, many transcriptomic signatures based on single-cell RNA-seq have been identified in cortical interneurons. However, whether different interneuron populations defined by transcriptomic signature expressions correspond to distinct M/E subtypes is still unknown. Here, we applied the Patch-PCR approach to simultaneously obtain the M/E properties and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of >600 interneurons in layer V of the mouse somatosensory cortex (S1). Subsequently, we identified 11 M/E subtypes, 9 neurochemical cell populations (NCs), and 20 transcriptomic cell populations (TCs) in this cortical lamina. Further analysis revealed that cells in many NCs and TCs comprised several M/E types and were difficult to clearly distinguish morpho-electrically. A similar analysis of layer V interneurons of mouse primary visual cortex (V1) and motor cortex (M1) gave results largely comparable to S1. Comparison between S1, V1, and M1 suggested that, compared to V1, S1 interneurons were morpho-electrically more similar to M1. Our study reveals the presence of substantial M/E variations in cortical interneuron populations defined by molecular expression.

Soluble growth stimulating gene protein 2 in the diagnosis and treatment of traumatic brain injury / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the correlation between soluble growth stimulating gene protein 2 (sST2) and the severity of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and its value in the diagnosis of traumatic brain injury.Methods:The clinical data of 110 patients with traumatic brain injury who were treated in The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (Anhui Province Hospital) from July 2022 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. These 110 patients were included in the observation group. An additional 62 patients without traumatic brain injury who concurrently received treatment in the same hospital were included in the control group. In the observation group, patients were divided into a severe group [Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score 3-8 points), a moderate group (GCS score 9-12 points), and a mild group (GCS score 13-15 points) according to the GCS score. Serum sST2 levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) within 24 hours after injury in each group. Serum sST2 levels were compared between the observation group and the control group. Serum sST2 levels were compared among patients with severe, moderate, and mild TBI in the observation group to analyze the correlation between serum sST2 levels and the GCS score. The efficacy of serum sST2 levels in the diagnosis of TBI was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve).Results:Serum sST2 levels in the observation group were 96.25 (48.05, 200.00) μg/L, which were significantly higher than 25.45 (19.78, 40.46) μg/L in the control group ( Z = -8.19, P < 0.05). Serum sST2 levels in pastients with severe TBI were slightly, but not significantly, higher than those in patients with moderate TBI ( P > 0.05), and serum sST2 levels in patients with severe and moderate TBI were significantly higher than those in patients with mild TBI ( Z = -5.20, Z = -4.40, both P < 0.05). There was a significant difference in sST2 levels among patients with mild, moderate and severe TBI ( H = 36.88, P < 0.05). In the observation group, serum sST2 levels within 24 hours after surgery were significantly negatively correlated with GCS score within 24 hours after admission ( rs = -0.561, 95% CI: -0.680~-0.413, P < 0.001). As serum sST2 levels increased, GCS scores showed a decreasing trend. Serum sST2 levels can be used as a prognostic indicator for TBI. Serum sST2 levels within 24 hours after injury can serve as a risk factor for TBI ( β = 0.042, OR = 1.043, 95% CI: 1.026-1.061, P < 0.001). The serum sST2 levels within 24 hours after injury have good diagnostic efficacy for TBI (area under the curve = 87.5%, 95% CI: 0.825-0.926, P < 0.001). Conclusion:The measurement of serum sST2 levels has a high value in the evaluation of the severity of TBI and prognosis, which is crucial for developing personalized treatment strategies for TBI.

Effects of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma on the dissolution of 6 inorganic elements in Gypsum Fibrosum under different compatibility ratio based on grey correlation analysis and TOPSIS model / 中国药师

Objective To discuss the effect of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma with different proportions on the dissolution of 6 inorganic elements(K,Ti,Sr,Ba,Ca,Mg)in Gypsum Fibrosum under different compatibility based on grey correlation analysis and technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution(TOPSIS)method and to provide reference for clinical application.Methods Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS)was established for simultaneous analysis of inorganic elements K,Ti,Sr,Ba,Ca,Mg in Gypsum Fibrosum-Anemarrhenae Rhizoma.The gray correlation ananlysis and TOPSIS method were used to comprehensively analyze the changes of six inorganic elements in Gypsum Fibrosum under different compatibility.Results The findings of the ICP-MS determination of inorganic elements in Gypsum Fibrosum-Anemarrhenae Rhizoma were good in terms of linearity,precision,repeatability and stability.The average recovery was 81.78％-104.13％,and the RSD was 2.10％-4.62％(n=6).The dissolution of six inorganic elements in Gypsum Fibrosum after compatibility with different proportions of Anemarrhena Rhizoma was significantly higher than that of Gypsum Fibrosum single decoction(P＜0.05).The dissolution scores of six inorganic elements in Gypsum Fibrosum were the highest when the compatibility proportion of Gypsum Fibrosum-Anemarrhenae Rhizoma was 30∶9.Conclusion ICP-MS is a sensitive and accurate method for determining K,Ti,Sr,Ba,Ca and Mg in Gypsum Fibrosum-Anemarrhenae Rhizoma.The best compatibility ratio of Gypsum Fibrosum-Anemarrhenae Rhizoma is 30:9,which can effectively improve the dissolution of six inorganic elements in Gypsum Fibrosum,and provide the basis for the further compatibility study of Gypsum Fibrosum and Anemarrhenae Rhizoma.

Analysis of the Influence of DRG Payment Reform on the Average Hospitalization Expense of Patients with Hypertension Disease / 中国医院管理

Objective To analyse the impact of the reform of the payment method according to disease DRG on the level and structure of the average hospital inpatient costs of hypertensive patients,and to provide a reference for hospitals to fine-tune their management and improve their health insurance payment policies.Methods Data on the hospitalization expense of patients with hypertension was collected a Grade-III tertiary general hospital in Xinjiang Province during September 2020-August 2021 and September 2021-August 2022.The New gray correlation anglysis and Structural variation analysis were used to analyze the structural changes and mutual relationship of the average hos-pitalization expense.Results There is a significantly decrease on the average hospitalization expense of patients with hypertension.The structural variation degree of the average hospitalization expense in FV23 and FV25 were 25.42%and 6.20%respectively.The top two factors affecting the contribution rate of structural change were the inspection fee and clinical laboratory test fee.The cumulative contribution rate of the factors including inspection fee,materials fee,clinical laboratory fee and drugs fee was 95.94%in FV23.The cumulative contribution rate of clinical laboratory test fee and treatment fee was 69.03%in FV25.Conclusion The average hospitalization expense of patients with hy-pertension disease has been effectively controlled.The inspection fee and clinical laboratory test fee were still the main factors affecting the average hospitalization expense.The management mode of day care unit can improve the payment efficiency of medical insurance funds.It's necessary to pay attention to the cost that reflects the value of medical staff's technical labor service.

Gait characteristics of middle-aged and eldrly people with mild cognitive impairmentin in community / 中风与神经疾病杂志

@#Objective To explore the change of gait of middle-aged and elderly people with mild cognitive impairment in the community,the correlation between gait and cognitive domain,and the role of gait in early recognition of cognitive decline. Methods 140 people over 40 years old in Tongxing Village,Yancheng City,Jiangsu Province were enrolled.The subjects were divided into normal cognitive group (n=64) and mild cognitive impairment group(n=76)through the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and the Minimum Mental State Examination,and gait tests were conducted at the same time.The data were collected and statistically analyzed to explore the difference of gait indicators between the two groups,the relationship between gait indicators and cognitive domains,and the ability of gait indicators to recognize mild cognitive impairment. Results The gait of the mild cognitive impairment group was worse than that of the normal cognitive group in terms of space (stride length,step height,step width) and time (step speed,stride speed,swing speed).Partial correlation analysis showed that step width was negatively correlated with delayed recall;Step size,step width and delayed recall,step height and naming were positively correlated.The logistic regression model constructed by step speed,stride length,stride speed,swing speed,step height and step width can reliably identify the existence of MCI (AUC=0.761,95%CI 0.683-0.840,P<0.05). Conclusion In the middle-aged and elderly community,the spatial and temporal performance of gait of patients with mild cognitive impairment is worse than that of the normal cognitive population.There is a close relationship between spatial indicators and delayed recall and naming.The temporal and spatial characteristics of gait have the potential to identify cognitive decline at an early stage.