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1.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1006559

ABSTRACT

ObjectiveTo explore the possible mechanism of the Yiqi Jiedu formula (YQ) in treating ischemic stroke (IS) from the perspective of the microbial-gut-brain axis (MGBA). MethodRats were randomly divided into five groups, with six in each group, including sham surgery group, model group, and low, medium, and high dose YQ groups (1, 5, and 25 mg·kg-1). Except for the sham surgery group, all other groups were established with a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model using the thread occlusion method. The success of modeling was determined through neurobehavioral scoring, and the protective effect of YQ on IS was evaluated. Then, the changes in gut microbiota before and after MCAO modeling and YQ administration were compared using 16S rDNA sequencing technology, and the possible biological pathways related to the effect of this formula were analyzed. The expression of inflammatory factors such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-17A (IL-17A), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in serum was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Western blot was used to detect the expression of tight junction proteins ZO-1 and Occludin in brain and intestinal tissue, and hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE) was used to observe pathological changes in the cerebral cortex and colon, so as to validate the possible mechanism of action. ResultYQ significantly improved the neurobehavioral score of MCAO rats (P<0.01) and played a good regulatory role in intestinal microbial disorders caused by enriched pathogens and opportunistic pathogens during the acute phase. Among them, significantly changed microorganisms include Morgentia, Escherichia Shigella, Adlercreutzia, and Androbacter. Bioinformatics analysis found that these bacteria may be related to the regulation of inflammation in the brain. Compared with the blank group, the detection of inflammatory factors in the serum of IS model rats showed an increase in inflammatory factors IL-6 and IL-17A (P<0.01) and a decrease in the content of anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the content of inflammatory factors IL-6 and IL-17A in the serum of the treatment group decreased (P<0.05), and that of anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 increased (P<0.01). The expression results of barrier proteins ZO-1 and Occludin in brain and intestinal tissue showed that the expression levels of both decreased in IS model rats (P<0.05), while the expression levels of both increased in the treatment group (P<0.05). ConclusionAcute cerebral ischemia can lead to an imbalance of intestinal microbiota and damage to the intestinal barrier, and it can increase intestinal permeability. YQ can regulate intestinal microbiota imbalance caused by ischemia, inhibit systemic inflammatory response, and improve the disruption of the gut-blood brain barrier, preventing secondary cascade damage to brain tissue caused by inflammation. The MGBA may be an important mechanism against the IS.

2.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1012469

ABSTRACT

Background Salidroside (SAL) has a protective effect on multiple organ systems. Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in the atmosphere may lead to disruptions in gut microbiota and impact intestinal health. The regulatory effect of SAL on the gut microbiota of mice exposed to PM2.5 requires further investigation. Objective To evaluate gut microbiota disruption in mice after being exposed to PM2.5 and the potential effect of SAL. Methods Forty male C57BL/6 mice, aged 6 to 8 weeks, were randomly divided into four groups: a control group, an SAL group, a PM2.5 group, and an SAL+PM2.5 group, each containing 10 mice. In the SAL group and the SAL+PM2.5 group, the mice were administered SAL (60 mg·kg−1) by gavage, while in the control group and the PM2.5 group, sterile saline (10 mL·kg−1) was administered by gavage. In the PM2.5 group and the SAL+PM2.5 group, PM2.5 suspension (8 mg·kg−1) was intratracheally instilled, and in the control group and SAL group, sterile saline (1.5 mL·kg−1) was intratracheally administered. Each experiment cycle spanned 2 d, with a total of 10 cycles conducted over 20 d. Histopathological changes in the ileum tissue of the mice were observed after HE staining. Colon contents were collected for gut microbiota sequencing and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) measurements. Results The PM2.5 group showed infiltration of inflammatory cells in the ileum tissue, while the SAL+PM2.5 group exhibited only a small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration. Compared to the control group, the PM2.5 group showed decreased Shannon index (P<0.05) and increased Simpson index (P<0.05), indicating that the diversity of gut microbiota in this group was decreased; the SAL+PM2.5 group showed increased Shannon index compared to the PM2.5 group (P<0.05) and decreased Simpson index (P<0.05), indicating that the diversity of gut microbiota in mice intervened with SAL was increased. The principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) revealed a significant separation between the PM2.5 group and the control group, while the separation trend was less evident among the control group, the SAL group, and the SAL+PM2.5 group. The unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means (UPGMA) clustering tree results showed that the control group and the SAL group clustered together first, followed by clustering with the SAL+PM2.5 group, and finally, the three groups clustered with the PM2.5 group. The PCoA and UPGMA clustering results indicated that the uniformity and similarity of the microbiota in the PM2.5 group were significantly decreased. Compared to the control group, the PM2.5 group showed decreased abundance of phylum Bacteroidetes and Candidatus_Saccharimonas (P<0.05) and increased abundance of phylum Proteobacteria, genus Escherichia, genus Bacteroides, genus Prevotella, genus Enterococcus, and genus Proteus (P<0.05). Compared to the PM2.5 group, the SAL+PM2.5 group showed decreased abundance of phylum Proteobacteria, phylum Actinobacteria, genus Prevotella, and genus Proteus (P<0.05), and increased abundance of Candidatus_Saccharimonas (P<0.05). The PM2.5 group showed reduced levels of propionic acid, valeric acid, and hexanoic acid compared to the control group (P<0.05), while the SAL+PM2.5 group showed increased levels of propionic acid, isobutyric acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, and hexanoic acid compared to the PM2.5 group (P<0.05). Conclusion Exposure to PM2.5 can cause pathological alterations, microbial dysbiosis, and disturbing production of SCFAs in intestinal tissue in mice. However, SAL can provide a certain degree of protective effect against these changes.

3.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1006282

ABSTRACT

Oligoasthenozoospermia is the main cause of male infertility, with complex and diverse causes. Currently, there are still some unclear causes of oligoasthenozoospermia in clinical practice, known as idiopathic oligoasthenozoospermia. With the development of high-throughput sequencing technology, it has been found that intestinal microbiota disorder may be an important promoting factor for the onset of oligoasthenozoospermia. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that "deficiency of kidney essence" is the core pathogenesis of oligoasthenozoospermia. In clinical practice, the method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening the essence has a significant therapeutic effect on oligoasthenozoospermia, but its mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated. Based on the basic theories of traditional Chinese medicine and molecular biology research, it has been found that there is a similarity between "kidney essence" and intestinal microbiota. During the onset of oligoasthenozoospermia, the disorder of intestinal microbiota has similarities with the pathogenesis of "deficiency of kidney essence" in traditional Chinese medicine. Moreover, traditional Chinese medicine for tonifying the kidney and strengthening the essence can regulate the disorder of intestinal microbiota, which may be one of the effective mechanisms for the treatment of oligoasthenozoospermia with the Bushen Yijing method. Based on this, this article explored the mechanism of Bushen Yijing method of traditional Chinese medicine in treating oligoasthenozoospermia from the perspective of intestinal microbiota, so as to provide new ideas for the treatment of oligoasthenozoospermia with traditional Chinese medicine.

4.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1012787

ABSTRACT

The domestic and international research progress on the regulation of gut microbiota by Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) ingredients and their impact on intestinal absorption and transportation were summarized, which provided assistance for subsequent clinical rational drug use targeting gut microbiota. Literature on the relationship between gut microbiota and intestinal absorption and transportation in recent years were reviewed and analyzed, and the mechanism of TCM ingredients regulating gut microbiota on drug absorption and transportation was elucidated. Research has found that TCM ingredients alter gut microbiota, thereby affecting intestinal barrier function and absorption of transport proteins, which is of great significance for rational clinical medication.

5.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1016856

ABSTRACT

Hippophae rhamnoides is a traditional Chinese medicine with homology of medicine and food, which has the effects of relieving cough and resolving phlegm, strengthening the stomach and digestion, and promoting blood circulation and resolving blood stasis. H. rhamnoides contains not only flavonoids, phenols, proteins, vitamins, and amino acids but also abundant polysaccharides. In order to explore the functional value and current research status of H. rhamnoides polysaccharides, this study systematically summarized the extraction process, structural characteristics, pharmacological effects, and mechanism of action of H. rhamnoides polysaccharides by reviewing Chinese and foreign literature. The results showed that H. rhamnoides polysaccharides have anti-tumor, hypoglycemic, antioxidant, immune regulation, anti-inflammatory, and anti-hyperlipidemia functions and could improve intestinal microbiota. There were various extraction processes for polysaccharides, including hot water extraction, microwave extraction, ultrasonic extraction, enzymatic extraction, flash extraction, ultrasonic-microwave synergistic extraction, emerald hot water extraction, enzymatic-ultrasonic synergistic extraction, etc. Based on comprehensive analysis, hot water extraction is suitable for industrial development and application. However, multiple homogeneous polysaccharides have been isolated and purified from H. rhamnoides polysaccharides, but their efficacy, structure, and structure-activity relationship still need to be further explored and studied. This study can provide a reference for the research and development of H. rhamnoides polysaccharides.

6.
Journal of Army Medical University ; (semimonthly): 331-339, 2024.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1017566

ABSTRACT

Objective To preliminarily investigate the association between changes in intestinal microbiota and oral microbiota of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT)patients and early gastrointestinal acute graft versus host disease(aGVHD),and try to explore potentially effective biomarkers and provide theoretical basis for early prediction and intervention of gastrointestinal aGVHD.Methods Ten acute leukemia patients who developed gastrointestinal aGVHD within 1 month after receiving allo-HSCT in Department of Hematology of Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital from September 2021 to June 2023 were enrolled,and their fecal samples and saliva samples before and after the aGVHD were collected.16S rRNA sequencing analysis was applied for the differential changes in intestinal and oral microbiota before and after the development of early gastrointestinal aGVHD.Results ① A decrease in Bacteroides spp.and an increase in Enterococcus spp.and Enterobacteriaceae spp.in the intestinal microbiota were positively correlated with the occurrence of early upper gastrointestinal aGVHD(P<0.05),whereas no significant difference was observed in the overall microbial diversity of the oral microbiota(P>0.05).② LEfSe analysis of the intestinal microbiota before and after gastrointestinal aGVHD revealed an increase in Klebsiella spp.and Enterococcus spp.and a decrease in Escherichia coli;In the oral microbiota,LEfSe analysis revealed 10 microbial markers with significant difference,of which Gamma proteobacteria was the most significant.③ The difference in β-diversity of the intestinal microbiota was significant(P=0.03),whereas there was no significant difference in the α-and β-diversity of the oral microbiota.Conclusion Significant differences are found in intestinal microbiota before and after the occurrence of early gastrointestinal aGVHD in patients after Allo-HSCT,and the occurrence may have a correlation with the chang in oral microbiota.

7.
Rev. Ciênc. Plur ; 9(3): 33128, 26 dez. 2023. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1524392

ABSTRACT

Introdução:A osteoartrite é uma doença degenerativa caracterizada pela deterioração progressiva da cartilagem articular, resultando em dor e incapacidade articular total em estágios avançados.Éconsiderada um dos distúrbios articulares mais comuns em todo o mundo e sua prevalência está aumentando constantemente devido ao envelhecimento, dietas inflamatórias e inatividade física. Objetivo:Investigar a contribuição da microbiota intestinal e dos componentes dietéticos, naperspectiva dediminuir as patologias associadas à osteoartrite. Metodologia:Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa desenvolvida a partir da seleção de artigos disponíveis escritos nalíngua inglesa, publicados nas bases de dados Pubmed e Science Direct. Resultados:No total, 25.583 artigos foram encontrados na busca, após os critérios de exclusão, 19 artigos compuseram o corpo de análise da revisão. Pesquisas em animais mostram que os efeitos induzidos por dieta rica em gordura foram evidentes e indicaram uma inflamação sistêmica de baixo grau resultando no agravamento da oesteoartritepor meio do aumento da degeneração da cartilagem. Dado ao impacto potencial da dieta na oesteoartrite, foram realizados estudos para avaliar a dieta mediterrânea, os níveis de ômega 3 e 6, vitamina C e E, com destaque para a oligofrutose, uma abordagem nova para tratar a oesteoartriteda obesidade. Conclusões:Conclui-se que apesar de já existir alguma evidência da utilidade da nutrição por meioda dieta alimentar como complemento da terapêutica na osteoartrite são necessários mais estudos que comprovem as intervenções na redução máxima dos marcadores inflamatórios ocasionando o alíviodos sintomas em pacientes com oesteoartrite (AU).


Introduction:Osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease characterized by progressive deterioration of the articular cartilage, resulting in pain and total joint disability in advanced stages. It is considered one of the most common joint disorders worldwide and its prevalence is steadily increasing due to aging, inflammatory diets and physical inactivity. Objective:The aim of this literature review was to investigate the contribution of intestinal microbiota and dietary components to try to reduce the pathologies associated with osteoarthritis.Methodology:This is an integrative review, developed from the selectionof available articles written in English, published in the Pubmed and Science Direct databases. Results:Intotal, 25.583articleswerefoundinthesearch,aftertheexclusioncriteria,19 articles madeupthebodyofanalysisofthereview.Animal research shows that the effects induced by a high-fat diet were evident and indicated low-grade systemic inflammation resulting in worsening osteoarthritis by increasing cartilage degeneration. Given the potential impact of diet on osteoarthritis, studies have been conducted to evaluate the Mediterranean diet, omega 3 and 6 levels, vitamin C and E, especially oligofructose, a new approach to treat obesity osteoarthritis.Conclusions:It is concluded that although there is already some evidence of the usefulness of nutrition through the diet as a complement to therapy in osteoarthritis, further studiesare needed to prove the interventions in the maximum reduction of inflammatory markers will cause the relief of symptoms in patients with osteoarthritis (AU).


Introducción: La artrosis es una enfermedad degenerativa caracterizada por el deterioro progresivo del cartílago articular, que se traduce en dolor e incapacidad articular total en estadios avanzados. Se considera uno de los trastornos articulares más comunes en todo el mundo y su prevalencia aumenta constantemente debido al envejecimiento, las dietas inflamatorias y la inactividad física. Objetivo: El objetivo de esta revisión fue investigar la contribución de la microbiota intestinal y los componentes de la dieta, en un intento por reducirlas patologías asociadas a la artrosis. Metodología: Se trata de una revisión integradora, desarrollada a partir de la selección de artículos disponibles escritos en inglés, publicados en las bases de datos Pubmed y Science Direct. Resultados: En total, se encontraron 25.583 artículos en la búsqueda, después de los criterios de exclusión, 19 artículos conformaron el cuerpo de análisis de la revisión.La investigación en animales muestra que los efectos inducidos por una dieta alta en grasas fueron evidentes e indicaron una inflamación sistémica de bajo grado que resultó en un empeoramiento de la osteoartritis a través de una mayor degeneración del cartílago. Dado el impacto potencial de la dieta en la osteoartritis, se han realizado estudios para evaluar ladieta mediterránea, los niveles de omega 3 y 6, vitamina C y E, con énfasis en la oligofructosa, un nuevo enfoque para tratar la osteoartritis por obesidade.Conclusiones: Se concluye que aunque ya existe alguna evidencia de la utilidad de la nutrición a través de la dieta como complemento al tratamiento de la artrosis, son necesarios más estudios que prueben intervenciones en la reducción máxima de los marcadores inflamatorios, provocando el alivio de los síntomas en pacientes con osteoartritis (AU).


Subject(s)
Osteoarthritis/pathology , Obesity , Logistic Models
8.
Rev. Hosp. Ital. B. Aires (2004) ; 43(3): 153-159, sept. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, UNISALUD, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1519056

ABSTRACT

El consumo de probióticos, prebióticos y posbióticos, o su combinación, puede contribuir a mantener una microbiota intestinal saludable ya que permite la regulación de su disbiosis en el caso de algunas enfermedades o trastornos, principalmente en los trastornos gastrointestinales funcionales (TGIF). El microbioma intestinal es protagonista esencial en la fisiopatología de los TGIF a través de sus funciones metabólicas y nutricionales, el mantenimiento de la integridad de la mucosa intestinal y la regulación de la respuesta inmunitaria. Las investigaciones realizadas hasta la fecha indican que los probióticos, prebióticos y posbióticos pueden tener efectos inmunomoduladores directos y clínicamente relevantes. Existen pruebas del uso de esta familia de bióticos en individuos sanos para mejorar la salud general y aliviar los síntomas en una serie de enfermedades como los cólicos infantiles. La colonización y establecimiento de la microbiota comienza en el momento del nacimiento; los primeros 2-3 años de vida son fundamentales para el desarrollo de una comunidad microbiana abundante y diversa. Diversos estudios científicos realizados mediante técnicas tradicionales dependientes de cultivo y más recientemente por técnicas moleculares han observado diferencias en las poblaciones bacterianas de bebés sanos y aquellos que sufren TGIF, estos últimos caracterizados por un aumento de especies patógenas y una menor población de bifidobacterias y lactobacilos, en comparación con los primeros. En tal contexto, se considera que la microbiota intestinal como protagonista en el desarrollo de esos trastornos, entre ellos los cólicos infantiles, a través de sus funciones metabólicas, nutricionales, de mantenimiento de la integridad de la mucosa intestinal y regulación de la respuesta inmunitaria. Esto ha abierto la puerta al estudio de la utilización de prebióticos, probióticos y posbióticos en el tratamiento y/o prevención de los TGIF infantiles. El parto vaginal y de término así como la lactancia son fundamentales en la constitución de una microbiota saludable. Como herramientas de apoyo, existen estudios de eficacia que sustentan la administración de esta familia de bióticos, principalmente en los casos en que la lactancia no sea posible o esté limitada. (AU)


The consumption of probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics, or a combination of them, can contribute to maintaining a healthy intestinal microbiota as it allows the regulation of its dysbiosis in the case of some diseases or disorders, mainly in functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs). The gut microbiome is an essential player in the pathophysiology of FGIDs through its metabolic and nutritional functions, the maintenance of intestinal mucosal integrity, and the regulation of the immune response. Research results thus far indicate that probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics may have direct and clinically relevant immunomodulatory effects. There is evidence regarding the prescription of this family of biotics in healthy individuals to improve overall health and alleviate symptoms in many conditions like infantile colic. The colonization and microbiota establishment begins at birth; the first 2-3 years of life are critical for developing an abundant and diverse microbial community. Several scientific studies performed by traditional culture-dependent techniques and more recently by molecular techniques have observed differences in the bacterial populations of healthy infants and those suffering from FGIDs, the latter characterized by an increase in pathogenic species and a lower population of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, compared to the former. In this context, the intestinal microbiota plays a leading role in the onset of these disorders, including infantile colic, through its metabolic and nutritional functions, maintenance of the integrity of the intestinal mucosa, and regulation of the immune response. That has opened the door to the study of prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics usage in the treatment and or prevention of infantile FGIDs. Vaginal and term delivery and breastfeeding are fundamental in the constitution of a healthy microbiota. As supportive tools, there are efficacy studies that support the administration of this family of biotics, mainly in cases where lactation is not possible or is limited.


Subject(s)
Humans , Colic/microbiology , Probiotics , Prebiotics , Synbiotics , Gastrointestinal Microbiome , Gastrointestinal Diseases/microbiology , Lactation , Colic/diet therapy , Colic/physiopathology , Colic/prevention & control , Functional Food , Gastrointestinal Diseases/diet therapy , Gastrointestinal Diseases/physiopathology , Gastrointestinal Diseases/prevention & control
9.
Indian Pediatr ; 2023 Jun; 60(6): 453-458
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-225426

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of Bacillus clausii in the treatment of pediatric constipation. Methods: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted from January, 2021 to January, 2022 in children aged 1-5 years diagnosed with functional constipation according to Rome IV criteria. They were assigned to receive either B. clausii or placebo, once daily for four weeks. The primary out-come was treatment success (defined as ?3 spontaneous stools per week and stool consistency grade ?3 on Bristol stool chart). The secondary outcome was a comparison of stool frequency, consistency (defined by Bristol stool grade), and constipationrelated symptoms. Results: This trial enrolled 38 children (B. clausii, n=20 and placebo, n=18). At 4 weeks, no significant difference was noted in the treatment success between B. clausii and placebo groups [45% vs 56%; P=0.52). On within-group analyses, the mean (SD) of Bristol stool grade increased in both the B. clausii [1.7 (0.5) to 2.8 (1.2); P=0.003] and placebo [1.8 (0.5) to 2.8 (1.2); P=0.01] groups. Significant increases in the treatment success rate (22% to 56%, P=0.01) and mean stool frequency per week [3 (0.9) to 4.2 (1.7), P=0.01] were pronounced only in the placebo group. The frequency of painful defecation and large fecal mass were also significantly decreased in both the groups. No serious adverse events were observed. Conclusion: A 4-week course of B. clausii as the sole treatment was not more effective than a placebo for the management of functional constipation in children aged 1-5 years.

10.
Zhongguo dangdai erke zazhi ; Zhongguo dangdai erke zazhi;(12): 508-515, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-981986

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the distribution characteristics and correlation of intestinal and pharyngeal microbiota in early neonates.@*METHODS@#Full-term healthy neonates who were born in Shanghai Pudong New Area Maternal and Child Health Hospital from September 2021 to January 2022 and were given mixed feeding were enrolled. The 16S rRNA sequencing technique was used to analyze the stool and pharyngeal swab samples collected on the day of birth and days 5-7 after birth, and the composition and function of intestinal and pharyngeal microbiota were analyzed and compared.@*RESULTS@#The diversity analysis showed that the diversity of pharyngeal microbiota was higher than that of intestinal microbiota in early neonates, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). On the day of birth, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in the intestine was significantly higher than that in the pharynx (P<0.05). On days 5-7 after birth, the relative abundance of Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria in the intestine was significantly higher than that in the pharynx (P<0.05), and the relative abundance of Firmicutes in the intestine was significantly lower than that in the pharynx (P<0.05). At the genus level, there was no significant difference in the composition of dominant bacteria between the intestine and the pharynx on the day of birth (P>0.05), while on days 5-7 after birth, there were significant differences in the symbiotic bacteria of Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Rothia, Bifidobacterium, and Escherichia-Shigella between the intestine and the pharynx (P<0.05). The analysis based on the database of Clusters of Orthologous Groups of proteins showed that pharyngeal microbiota was more concentrated on chromatin structure and dynamics and cytoskeleton, while intestinal microbiota was more abundant in RNA processing and modification, energy production and conversion, amino acid transport and metabolism, carbohydrate transport and metabolism, coenzyme transport and metabolism, and others (P<0.05). The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis showed that compared with pharyngeal microbiota, intestinal microbiota was more predictive of cell motility, cellular processes and signal transduction, endocrine system, excretory system, immune system, metabolic diseases, nervous system, and transcription parameters (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The composition and diversity of intestinal and pharyngeal microbiota of neonates are not significantly different at birth. The microbiota of these two ecological niches begin to differentiate and gradually exhibit distinct functions over time.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Bacteria , China , High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing , Intestines , Microbiota , Pharynx/microbiology , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
11.
Zhongguo dangdai erke zazhi ; Zhongguo dangdai erke zazhi;(12): 689-696, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-982014

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the difference in intestinal microbiota between preterm infants with neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) and those without NDI.@*METHODS@#In this prospective cohort study, the preterm infants who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from September 1, 2019 to September 30, 2021 were enrolled as subjects. According to the assessment results of Gesell Developmental Scale at the corrected gestational age of 1.5-2 years, they were divided into two groups: normal (n=115) and NDI (n=100). Fecal samples were collected one day before discharge, one day before introducing solid food, and at the corrected gestational age of 1 year. High-throughput sequencing was used to compare the composition of intestinal microbiota between groups.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the normal group, the NDI group had a significantly higher Shannon diversity index at the corrected gestational age of 1 year (P<0.05). The principal coordinate analysis showed a significant difference in the composition of intestinal microbiota between the two groups one day before introducing solid food and at the corrected gestational age of 1 year (P<0.05). Compared with the normal group, the NDI group had a significantly higher abundance of Bifidobacterium in the intestine at all three time points, a significantly higher abundance of Enterococcus one day before introducing solid food and at the corrected gestational age of 1 year, and a significantly lower abundance of Akkermansia one day before introducing solid food (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#There are significant differences in the composition of intestinal microbiota between preterm infants with NDI and those without NDI. This study enriches the data on the characteristics of intestinal microbiota in preterm infants with NDI and provides reference for the microbiota therapy and intervention for NDI in preterm infants.


Subject(s)
Infant , Child , Infant, Newborn , Humans , Child, Preschool , Infant, Premature , Prospective Studies , Gastrointestinal Microbiome , China , Infant, Premature, Diseases , Gestational Age
12.
Chinese Journal of Hematology ; (12): 401-407, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-984636

ABSTRACT

Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for treating steroid-refractory gastrointestinal acute graft-versus-host disease (GI-aGVHD) . Methods: This analysis included 29 patients with hematology who developed steroid-refractory GI-aGVHD after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in Huaian Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University from March 2017 to March 2022. Among them, 19 patients underwent FMT treatment (the FMT group) and 10 patients did not (the control group). The efficacy and safety of FMT were assessed, as well as the changes in intestinal microbiota abundance, lymphocyte subpopulation ratio, peripheral blood inflammatory cytokines, and GVHD biomarkers before and after FMT treatment. Results: ① Complete remission of clinical symptoms after FMT was achieved by 13 (68.4%) patients and 2 (20.0%) controls, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). Intestinal microbiota diversity increased and gradually recovered to normal levels after FMT and FMT-related infections did not occur. ②The proportion of CD3(+) and CD8(+) cells in the FMT group after treatment decreased compared with the control group, and the ratio of CD4(+), regulatory T cells (Treg), and CD4(+)/CD8(+) cells increased (all P< 0.05). The interleukin (IL) -6 concentration in the FMT group was lower than that in the control group [4.15 (1.91-5.71) ng/L vs 6.82 (2.40-8.91) ng/L, P=0.040], and the IL-10 concentration in the FMT group was higher than that in the control group [12.11 (5.69-20.36) ng/L vs 7.51 (4.10-9.58) ng/L, P=0.024]. Islet-derived protein 3α (REG3α) was significantly increased in patients with GI-aGVHD, and the REG3α level in the FMT group was lower than that in the control group after treatment [30.70 (10.50-105.00) μg/L vs 74.35 (33.50-139.50) μg/L, P=0.021]. Conclusion: FMT is a safe and effective method for the treatment of steroid-refractory GI-aGVHD by restoring intestinal microbiota diversity, regulating inflammatory cytokines, and upregulating Treg cells.


Subject(s)
Humans , Fecal Microbiota Transplantation/methods , Treatment Outcome , Graft vs Host Disease/etiology , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/adverse effects , Steroids
13.
Chinese Journal of Neurology ; (12): 453-458, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-994854

ABSTRACT

In recent years, a number of studies have found that the dysregulation of intestinal microbes and their metabolites plays an important role in the occurrence and development of Parkinson′s disease (PD), and is closely related to the severity of PD clinical symptoms. Short-chain fatty acids are the main metabolites of intestinal microorganisms and may be involved in the pathogenesis of PD by regulating the inflammatory response, neuronal autophagy and apoptosis and the integrity of the blood-brain barrier and intestinal barrier. In this paper, the research progresses on the role of short-chain fatty acids in the pathogenesis of PD are reviewed, in order to provide new ideas for the treatment of PD.

14.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi ; (24): 3602-3611, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-981491

ABSTRACT

Rheumatoid arthritis(RA), a chronic autoimmune disease, is featured by persistent joint inflammation. The development of RA is associated with the disturbance of endogenous metabolites and intestinal microbiota. Gardeniae Fructus(GF), one of the commonly used medicinal food in China, is usually prescribed for the prevention and treatment of jaundice, inflammation, ache, fever, and skin ulcers. GF exerts an effect on ameliorating RA, the mechanism of which remains to be studied. In this study, ultra-perfor-mance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS)-based serum non-target metabolomics and 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing were employed to elucidate the mechanism of GF in ameliorating RA induced by complete Freund's adjuvant in rats. The results showed that GF alleviated the pathological conditions in adjuvant arthritis(AA) rats. The low-and high-dose GF lo-wered the serum levels of interleukin(IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), IL-1β, and prostaglandin E2 in the rats(P<0.05, P<0.01). Pathways involved in metabolomics were mainly α-linolenic acid metabolism and glycerophospholipid metabolism. The results of 16S rDNA sequencing showed that the Streptococcus, Facklamia, Klebsiella, Enterococcus, and Kosakonia were the critical gut microorganisms for GF to treat AA in rats. Spearman correlation analysis showed that the three differential metabolites PE-NMe[18:1(9Z)/20:0], PC[20:1(11Z)/18:3(6Z,9Z,12Z)], and PC[20:0/18:4(6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)] were correlated with the differential bacteria. In conclusion, GF may ameliorate RA by regulating the composition of intestinal microbiota, α-linolenic acid metabolism, and glycerophospholipid metabolism. The findings provide new ideas and data for elucidating the mechanism of GF in relieving RA.


Subject(s)
Rats , Animals , Chromatography, Liquid , Gardenia , Tandem Mass Spectrometry , Gastrointestinal Microbiome , alpha-Linolenic Acid , Metabolomics/methods , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy , Inflammation , Glycerophospholipids
15.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1021125

ABSTRACT

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a multifactorial,nonspecific and refractory chronic intestinal inflammatory disease that significantly affects the health and quality of life of patients.These include ulcerative colitis(UC)and Crohn's disease(CD),which continues to increase globally.In recent years,more and more studies have shown that the imbalance of gut microbiota is closely related to the pathogenesis and development of IBD,especially the abnormal proliferation of gut fungi may be an important factor in exacerbating the inflammatory response.Currently,treatment methods such as fecal microbiota transplantation and probiotics have been widely used in the treatment of IBD.This article summarizes the gut fungal dysbiosis and immune regulation mechanisms of IBD,as well as the current treatments,aiming to provide references for the research progress of fungi in IBD.

16.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-990485

ABSTRACT

Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic recurrent inflammatory disease of the intestine of unknown origin.It is currently thought to be mediated by a combination of susceptibility genes, intestinal microecology and immune involvement, with all three interacting and influencing each other.This leads to a disruption of the intestinal microenvironment, which affects the host′s immune tolerance, and ultimately induces intestinal inflammation.In this review, we summarized the mechanisms of intestinal microbiota in children with inflammatory bowel disease and discussed new ideas of microecological agents for individualized treatment of children with inflammatory bowel disease.

17.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-997290

ABSTRACT

ObjectiveTo explore the possible mechanisms of Tongfengning (痛风宁, TFN) in treating hyperuricemia (HUA) of spleen deficiency with exuberance of dampness syndrome. MethodsTen of 60 mice were randomly selected, and were fed with regular diet as the control group, while the remaining 50 mice were fed with high-fat and high-sugar diet combined with excessive exercise and potassium oxonate-allopurinol suspension to establish an HUA animal model of syndrome of spleen deficiency with exuberance of dampness. After the successful modeling, in order to better observe the effects of TFN on the intestinal microbiota of the model mice, a mixed antibiotic suspension was administered by gavage to induce further dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota in the model mice. Fifty sucessfully modeled mice were randomly divided into model group, TFN group, allopurinol group, probiotics group, and an allopurinol + probiotics group, 10 in each group. The TFN group was administered TFN liquid at a dosage of 19.11 g/(kg·d) by gavage. The allopurinol group was administered allopurinol suspension at a dosage of 78 mg/(kg·d) by gavage. The probiotics group was administered live combined Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus tablets suspension at a dosage of 3 g/(kg·d) by gavage. The allopurinol + probiotics group was administered allopurinol at a dosage of 78 mg/(kg·d) and live combined Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus tablets suspension at a dosage of 3 g/(kg·d) by gavage. The control group and model group were administered normal saline at a dosage of 19.11 ml/(kg·d) by gavage. The interventions were continued for 21 days. In order to maintain a stable high blood uric acid state, all groups but the control group continued modeling while receiving drug intervention. The changes in spleen deficiency syndrome scores, blood uric acid levels, microbial community structure, acetic acid and butyric acid content in intestinal lavage fluid, adenosine deaminase (ADA) and xanthine oxidase (XOD) content in small intestine tissue, as well as ATP-binding cassette transporter G2 (ABCG2), glucose transporter 9 (GLUT9) protein and mRNA expression in the small intestine tissue were compared among the groups of mice. ResultsCompared with the control group, the model group showed increased spleen deficiency syndrome scores, blood uric acid levels, relative abundance of phylum Firmicutes, Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, abundance of Bacteroides genus, Klebsiella genus, and Enterococcus genus, acetic acid content in intestinal lavage fluid, ADA and XOD content in small intestine tissue, as well as GLUT9 protein and mRNA expression (P<0.05). The number of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of intestinal microbiota, relative abundance of Bacteroidetes phylum, abundance of Lactobacillus genus and uncultured Bacteroides genus, butyric acid content in intestinal lavage fluid, and ABCG2 protein and mRNA expression in small intestine tissue were significantly decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, in the group treated with TFN, probiotics, and allopurinol + probiotics, the spleen deficiency syndrome score, blood uric acid level, relative abundance of Firmicutes, acetic acid content in intestinal lavage fluid, ADA and XOD content in small intestine tissue, GLUT9 protein and mRNA expression significantly decreased. The number of gut microbiota OTUs, relative abundance of proteobacteria, butyric acid content in intestinal lavage fluid, ABCG2 protein and mRNA expression in small intestine tissue significantly increased (P<0.05). In the probiotics group, the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes decreased. In the TFN group, the abundance of Lactobacillus and uncultured Bacteroidetes significantly increased, while the abundance of Parabacteroides, Klebsiella, and Enterococcus significantly decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the TFN group, allopurinol group and the probiotics group showed elevated blood uric acid levels, abundance of Bacteroidetes, ADA and XOD levels in intestinal tissue, and GLUT9 mRNA expression. The relative abundance of Firmicutes, abundance of lactobacilli, and ABCG2 mRNA expression significantly decreased. The probiotics group showed elevated GLUT9 protein expression in intestinal tissue. The probiotics group and the allopurinol plus probiotics group showed significantly higher scores for spleen deficiency syndrome in mice, and lower levels of butyric acid in mouse intestinal lavage fluid. The allopurinol group showed decreased numbers of OTUs in mouse intestinal flora, decreased abundance of proteobacteria, and butyric acid levels in intestinal lavage fluid. The allopurinol group also showed decreased ABCG2 protein expression in intestinal tissue, increased acetic acid levels in intestinal lavage fluid, increased abundance of Klebsiella, and significantly elevated GLUT9 protein expression (P<0.05). ConclusionsThe treatment of HUA with TFN may be associated with the regulation of intestinal probiotics (such as lactobacilli) and pathogenic bacteria (such as Klebsiella), as well as the production of bacterial metabolites such as acetic acid and butyric acid. It may also involve reducing the expression of ADA and XOD in the intestines, decreasing intestinal uric acid production, upregulating the expression of intestinal epithelial urate transporter ABCG2, downregulating GLUT9 expression, and promoting intestinal uric acid excretion. These factors are related to the syndrome of spleen deficiency with exuberance of dampness.

19.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1016053

ABSTRACT

The development of targeted oral drugs that can stably treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is still a clinical problem to be solved. In recent years, studies have confirmed that sphingosine⁃1⁃phosphate (S1P)/S1P receptor pathway can regulate lymphocyte homing and immune regulation, inhibit intestinal inflammation, protect intestinal endothelial barrier, and affect intestinal microbial metabolism, which may play a key role in the treatment of IBD. This article reviewed the effect of S1P/S1P receptor pathway on IBD and its potential mechanism.

20.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-998502

ABSTRACT

Objective To investigate the effect of intestinal Metrnl on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis mouse model and the regulation mechanism of intestinal microbiota. Methods Different concentrations of DSS (3% DSS and 1% DSS) were used to induce ulcerative colitis on C57 mice to determine the experimental conditions. Intestinal epithelial Metrnl specific knockout mice (Metrnl(-/-)) and its control mice (Metrnl(+/+)) were administrated with 3% DSS for 5 d. Then the survival time, body weight, DAI (disease activity index), colon length and pathological changes in colon tissues were observed. 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing was used to detect the composition of intestinal microbiota. Results Compared with 1% DSS, 3% DSS could significantly aggravate ulcerative colitis on C57 mice, such as lower survival rate (P<0.05), more weight loss (P<0.05), higher DAI score (P<0.05), shorter colon length (P<0.05) and higher pathology score (P<0.05). After administrated to 3% DSS for 5 d, comparing with Metrnl(+/+) mice, Metrnl(-/-) mice showed more weight loss (P<0.05), higher DAI score (P<0.05), shorter colon length (P<0.05) and higher pathology score (P<0.05). The 16S ribosomal RNA results showed that the diversity of intestinal microbiota in Metrnl(-/-) mice significantly decreased. Furthermore, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria significantly decreased, while Firmicutes increased. Conclusion Metrnl could protect the DSS-induced ulcerative colitis mouse through regulating intestinal microbiota.

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