Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 56
Filter
1.
Bol. latinoam. Caribe plantas med. aromát ; 23(3): 349-370, mayo 2024. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1538077

ABSTRACT

Age-related neurological disorders (ANDs), including neurodegenerative diseases, are complex illnesses with an increasing risk with advancing years. The central nervous system's neuropathological conditions, including oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and protein misfolding, are what define ANDs. Due to the rise in age-dependent prevalence, efforts have been made to combat ANDs. Vitis viniferahas a long history of usageto treat a variety of illness symptoms. Because multiple ligand sites may be targeted, Vitis viniferacomponents can be employed to treat ANDs. This is demonstrated by the link between the structure and action of these compounds. This review demonstrates that Vitis viniferaand its constituents, including flavonoids, phenolic compounds, stilbenoidsandaromatic acids, are effective at reducing the neurological symptoms and pathological conditions of ANDs. This is done by acting as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. The active Vitis vinifera ingredients have therapeutic effects on ANDs, as this review explains.


Las enfermedades neurológicas asociadas a la edad (AND, por su sigla en inglés) incluyendo las enfermedades neurodegenerativas, son enfermedades complejas con un riesgo creciente con la edad. Las condiciones neuropatológicas del sistema nervioso central, que incluyen el estrés oxidativo, la neuro inflamación, y el plegado erróneo de proteínas, son lo que define las AND. Debido al aumento en la prevalencia dependiente de la edad, se han hecho esfuerzos para combatir las AND. Vitis vinifera tiene una larga historia de uso para el tratamiento de síntomas. Puesto que puede hacer objetivo a muchos sitios ligando, los componentes de Vitis viniferase pueden utilizar para tratar AND. Esto se demuestra por el vínculo entre la estructura y la acción de estos compuestos. Esta revisión demuestra que la Vitis viniferay sus constituyentes, incluídos los flavonoides, componentes fenólicos, estilbenoides, y ácidos aromáticos, son efectivos para reducir los síntomas neurológicos y las condiciones patológicas de AND. Esto se produce por su acción como antioxidante y antiinflamatorio. Los ingredientes activos de Vitis vinifera tienen efectos terapéuticos en AND, y esta revisión lo explica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Aging , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Vitis/chemistry , Nervous System Diseases/drug therapy , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use , Antioxidants/therapeutic use
2.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1016852

ABSTRACT

Neurological diseases are common and frequent in clinical practices, which are the main reasons that affect the quality of life and physical and mental health of patients seriously. Tianma Goutengyin (TGY) is from the New Significance of Patterns and Treatment in Miscellaneous Diseases, which was compiled by a famous doctor, HU Guangci. TGY is widely used in clinical practice and has the effects of calming the liver and calming the wind, clearing heat and activating the blood, tranquilization, and nourishing the liver and kidneys. Clinical studies have confirmed that modified TGY can be used either alone or in combination with acupuncture or western medicine to treat dementia, headache, vertigo, hypertension, insomnia, Parkinson's disease, stroke, epilepsy, and other common neurological diseases, with significant curative effect, few side effects, and high safety. The main active constituents of single flavor drugs in the composition of TGY mainly include gastrodin, gastrodia elata blume polysaccharides, p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, rhynchophylline, baicalein, leonurine, stachydrine, geniposide, 2,3,5,4,-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-Ο-β-D-glucoside, pinoresinol diglucoside, pachymic acid, β-ecdysteroid, avicularin, etc. It has been found that TGY and these constituents have the effects of ferroptosis inhibition, anti-apoptosis, anti-inflammation, and oxidation resistance, and they can regulate neurotransmitters and autophagy, reduce cerebral edema reduction, lower blood lipid and blood pressure, and improve blood circulation through multiple targets and pathways. This paper reviewed the clinical application of and the mechanism of the whole prescription and single flavor drugs of TGY in the treatment of neurological diseases, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the clinical application of TGY and offer ideas for the follow-up mechanism research of this prescription.

3.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1017730

ABSTRACT

LINGO-1,a Nogo receptor-interacting protein-1 rich in leucine repeat sequences and immunoglobulin structural domains,which is specifically expressed in neurological diseases. In recent years,more and more evidences indicate that LINGO-1 plays an important role in glial scar formation,cell death and inflammatory reaction. LINGO-1 inhibits oligodendrocyte activation,and prevents axon and myelin formation and functional recovery,and is therefore considered to be a negative regulator of neuronal survival,neurite extension and axon myelination. The change of LINGO-1 level is related to the occurrence and development of many neurological diseases. This article reviews the physiological function of LINGO-1 and summarizes the latest research progress of LINGO-1 in multiple sclerosis,spinal cord injury,neonatal brain injury and epilepsy,so as to explore new strategies for the treatment of neurological diseases.

4.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-981273

ABSTRACT

Neurological diseases include a variety of neurodegenerative diseases and other brain damage diseases.The treatment schemes for neurological diseases are still in research.The existing clinical and basic studies have confirmed that traditional estrogen therapy has certain protective effect on the nervous system,while it increases the risk of breast or endometrial cancer.The emergence of the selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) can avoid the above mentioned problems.The available studies have confirmed the protective effect of tamoxifen as a SERM on the nervous system.This paper reviews the role and functioning mechanisms of tamoxifen in the nervous system and cognitive function,aiming to provide guidance for the future application of tamoxifen in the treatment of neurological diseases and the improvement of cognitive function.


Subject(s)
Tamoxifen/therapeutic use , Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators/therapeutic use , Cognition , Nervous System
5.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-989084

ABSTRACT

Children′s neurological diseases can cause problems in structure and function of the brain, which is often accompanied by cognitive impairment.They have a great influence on children′s intellectual development and social life, so assessing cognitive function earlier is particularly significant.Event-related potential(ERP)P300 is an important electrophysiological technique in clinical practice.Compared with other evaluation methods, P300 has the advantages of objective, repeatable and non-invasive.P300 has a good effect in the assessment of children with neurological diseases and cognitive impairment, which provides a reference for clinical diagnosis, treatment and prognosis.This article reviews the research progress of P300 in children with common neurological diseases and cognitive impairment, in order to improve the understanding of clinical workers.

6.
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B ; (6): 4667-4687, 2023.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1011199

ABSTRACT

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) impairment plays a crucial role in the pathological processes of aging-accompanied neurological diseases (AAND). Meanwhile, circadian rhythms disruption and gut microbiota dysbiosis are associated with increased morbidity of neurological diseases in the accelerated aging population. Importantly, circadian rhythms disruption and gut microbiota dysbiosis are also known to induce the generation of toxic metabolites and pro-inflammatory cytokines, resulting in disruption of BBB integrity. Collectively, this provides a new perspective for exploring the relationship among circadian rhythms, gut microbes, and the BBB in aging-accompanied neurological diseases. In this review, we focus on recent advances in the interplay between circadian rhythm disturbances and gut microbiota dysbiosis, and their potential roles in the BBB disruption that occurs in AAND. Based on existing literature, we discuss and propose potential mechanisms underlying BBB damage induced by dysregulated circadian rhythms and gut microbiota, which would serve as the basis for developing potential interventions to protect the BBB in the aging population through targeting the BBB by exploiting its links with gut microbiota and circadian rhythms for treating AAND.

7.
Neuroscience Bulletin ; (6): 1157-1172, 2023.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-982467

ABSTRACT

Hv1 is the only voltage-gated proton-selective channel in mammalian cells. It contains a conserved voltage-sensor domain, shared by a large class of voltage-gated ion channels, but lacks a pore domain. Its primary role is to extrude protons from the cytoplasm upon pH reduction and membrane depolarization. The best-known function of Hv1 is the regulation of cytosolic pH and the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase-dependent production of reactive oxygen species. Accumulating evidence indicates that Hv1 is expressed in nervous systems, in addition to immune cells and others. Here, we summarize the molecular properties, distribution, and physiological functions of Hv1 in the peripheral and central nervous systems. We describe the recently discovered functions of Hv1 in various neurological diseases, including brain or spinal cord injury, ischemic stroke, demyelinating diseases, and pain. We also summarize the current advances in the discovery and application of Hv1-targeted small molecules in neurological diseases. Finally, we discuss the current limitations of our understanding of Hv1 and suggest future research directions.


Subject(s)
Animals , Protons , Ion Channels/metabolism , Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism , Brain/metabolism , NADPH Oxidases , Mammals/metabolism
8.
Multimed (Granma) ; 26(4): e2395, jul.-ago. 2022. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1406114

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Las enfermedades neurológicas se han convertido en una preocupación creciente, considerándose causa importante de morbimortalidad tanto en países desarrollados como en aquellos en desarrollo. Se realizó esta investigación con el objetivo de caracterizar la actividad asistencial del servicio de Neurología del Hospital Clínico-Quirúrgico Celia Sánchez Manduley. Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo en el servicio de Neurología del Hospital Clínico-Quirúrgico Celia Sánchez Manduley, en el periodo de enero a diciembre de 2019. El universo estuvo constituido por 3968 pacientes, atendidos en consulta externa y hospitalización. Los resultados obtenidos se distribuyeron en frecuencias absolutas y por cientos. Se tomaron en cuenta las siguientes variables: edad, sexo, municipio, grupo diagnóstico y origen de la interconsulta. Predominó el sexo femenino (57,7 %) y el grupo de edad de 60 años y más (37,2 %). La mayoría de los pacientes fueron manzanilleros (36,4 %). La cefalea fue el grupo diagnóstico más representativo (23,9 %), y la epilepsia fue el principal diagnóstico con que ingresaron los pacientes (32,8 %). El servicio que aportó mayores solicitudes de interconsultas para un 66,8 % fue Medicina Interna. Los motivos de consulta y las características de los pacientes hospitalizados no difieren en gran medida de los presentados por otros autores. Los motivos de consulta más frecuentes fueron la cefalea y la epilepsia. El grupo de edad con mayor demanda de asistencia neurológica fueron pacientes mayores de 60 años, con predominio del sexo femenino. El mayor número de hospitalizaciones correspondió a la epilepsia y la enfermedad de Parkinson.


ABSTRACT Neurological diseases have become a growing concern, being considered a major cause of morbidity and mortality in both developed and developing countries. This research was carried out with the aim of characterizing the care activity of the Neurology service of the Celia Sánchez Manduley Clinical-Surgical Hospital. An observational, descriptive study was conducted in the Neurology service of the Celia Sánchez Manduley Clinical-Surgical Hospital, in the period from January to December 2019. The universe consisted of 3968 patients, treated in outpatient consultation and hospitalization. The results obtained were distributed in absolute frequencies and by hundreds. The following variables were taken into account: age, sex, municipality, diagnostic group and origin of the interconsultation. Female sex (57.7%) and the age group of 60 years and over (37.2%) predominated. The majority of patients were manzanilleros (36.4 %). Headache was the most representative diagnostic group (23.9%), and epilepsy was the main diagnosis with which patients were admitted (32.8%). The service that provided the highest requests for interconsultations for 66.8% was Internal Medicine. The reasons for consultation and the characteristics of hospitalized patients do not differ greatly from those presented by other authors. The most frequent reasons for consultation were headache and epilepsy. The age group with the highest demand for neurological assistance were patients over 60 years of age, with a predominance of the female sex. The highest number of hospitalizations corresponded to epilepsy and Parkinson's disease.


RESUMO As doenças neurológicas tornaram-se uma preocupação crescente, sendo consideradas uma das principais causas de morbidade e mortalidade nos países desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento. Esta pesquisa foi realizada como objetivo de caracterizar a atividade assistencial do serviço de Neurologia do Hospital Clínico-Cirúrgico Célia Sánchez Manduley. Um estudo observacional e descritivo foi realizado no serviço de Neurologia do Hospital Clínico-CirúrgicoCélia Sánchez Manduley, no período de janeiro a dezembro de 2019. O universo era composto por 3.968 pacientes, tratados em consulta ambulatorial e internação. Os resultados obtidos foram distribuídos em frequências absolutas e por centenas. Foram levadas em consideração as seguintes variáveis: idade, sexo, município, grupo diagnóstico e origem da interconsulção. Predominaram o sexo feminino (57,7%) e a faixa etária de 60 anos ou mais (37,2%) predominaram. A maioria dos pacientes foi manzanilleros (36,4 %). A dor de cabeça foi o grupo diagnóstico mais representativo (23,9%), e a epilepsia foi o principal diagnóstico com o qual os pacientes foram internados (32,8%). O serviço que atendeu mais pedidos de interconsultações para 66,8% foi a Medicina Interna. As razões para a consulta e as características dos pacientes internados não diferem muito das apresentadas por outros autores. Os motivos mais frequentes para a consulta foramdor de cabeça e epilepsia. A faixa etária com maior demanda por assistência neurológica foram pacientes com mais de 60 anos de idade, com predominância do sexo feminino. O maior número de internações correspondeu à epilepsia e doença de Parkinson.

9.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 35(3): 364-372, May-June 2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1375640

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: Among the various pathologies that affect the elderly, Heart Failure (HF) stands out. Recently, an attempt has been made to verify the existence of cognitive impairment associated with HF. Objectives: To compare the cognitive performance of elderly people with heart failure with that of age-matched individuals without this pathology. Check the existence of marked impairment in some cognitive functions in the clinical group. Methods: The sample consisted of 78 elderly people, whose inclusion criterion was the presence of HF and no HF (control group); age over 60 years, both sexes, and any level of education. The control group consisted of 37 individuals (with a median age of 68 years - Interquartile range of 12) and the HF group, with 41 individuals (with a median age of 67 years - Interquartile range of 11). The subjects were matched in terms of education level, with a predominance of elderly people with 0 to 4 years of education (65.9% in the Clinical Group and 59.5% in the Control Group). Eleven neuropsychological tests covering cognitive functions were used: attention, language, memory, mood, and executive function. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, version 23, with a significance level of 5%. The Chi-square test and the Mann-Whitney test were applied. Results: The results showed significant differences between the groups, mainly in executive functions, which include the ability to plan, switch, and recall previously stored information. Conclusion: Our study showed differences between the cognitive performance of elderly people with HF and elderly people without HF. The main alteration was found in the so-called executive functions, attention, and memory.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Attention , Aging , Executive Function , Cognitive Dysfunction , Heart Failure , Memory , Anxiety , Cross-Sectional Studies , Depression , Nervous System Diseases , Neuropsychology
10.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-929011

ABSTRACT

YWHAE gene is located on chromosome 17p13.3, and its product 14-3-3epsilon protein belongs to 14-3-3 protein family. As a molecular scaffold, YWHAE participates in biological processes such as cell adhesion, cell cycle regulation, signal transduction and malignant transformation, and is closely related to many diseases. Overexpression of YWHAE in breast cancer can increase the ability of proliferation, migration and invasion of breast cancer cells. In gastric cancer, YWHAE acts as a negative regulator of MYC and CDC25B, which reduces their expression and inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of gastric cancer cells, and enhances YWHAE-mediated transactivation of NF-κB through CagA. In colorectal cancer, YWHAE lncRNA, as a sponge molecule of miR-323a-3p and miR-532-5p, can compete for endogenous RNA through direct interaction with miR-323a-3p and miR-532-5p, thus up-regulating K-RAS/ERK/1/2 and PI3K-AKT signaling pathways and promoting the cell cycle progression of the colorectal cancer. YWHAE not only mediates tumorigenesis as a competitive endogenous RNA, but also affects gene expression through chromosome variation. For example, the FAM22B-YWHAE fusion gene caused by t(10; 17) (q22; p13) may be associated with the development of endometrial stromal sarcoma. At the same time, the fusion transcript of YWHAE and NUTM2B/E may also lead to the occurrence of endometrial stromal sarcoma. To understand the relationship between YWHAE, NUTM2A, and NUTM2B gene rearrangement/fusion and malignant tumor, YWHAE-FAM22 fusion gene/translocation and tumor, YWHAE gene polymorphism and mental illness, as well as the relationship between 17p13.3 region change and disease occurrence. It provides new idea and basis for understanding the effect of YWHAE gene molecular mechanism and genetic variation on the disease progression, and for the targeted for the diseases.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , 14-3-3 Proteins/metabolism , Breast Neoplasms/genetics , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Proliferation/genetics , Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics , Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics , Endometrial Neoplasms , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , MicroRNAs/genetics , Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism , Sarcoma, Endometrial Stromal/pathology , Stomach Neoplasms/genetics , Transcription Factors/genetics , Translocation, Genetic
11.
Protein & Cell ; (12): 6-25, 2022.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-929158

ABSTRACT

The serine/threonine p21-activated kinases (PAKs), as main effectors of the Rho GTPases Cdc42 and Rac, represent a group of important molecular switches linking the complex cytoskeletal networks to broad neural activity. PAKs show wide expression in the brain, but they differ in specific cell types, brain regions, and developmental stages. PAKs play an essential and differential role in controlling neural cytoskeletal remodeling and are related to the development and fate of neurons as well as the structural and functional plasticity of dendritic spines. PAK-mediated actin signaling and interacting functional networks represent a common pathway frequently affected in multiple neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. Considering specific small-molecule agonists and inhibitors for PAKs have been developed in cancer treatment, comprehensive knowledge about the role of PAKs in neural cytoskeletal remodeling will promote our understanding of the complex mechanisms underlying neurological diseases, which may also represent potential therapeutic targets of these diseases.


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Cytoskeleton/genetics , Nervous System Diseases/genetics , Neurons/enzymology , Signal Transduction , p21-Activated Kinases/metabolism
12.
JOURNAL OF RARE DISEASES ; (4): 97-100, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1005007

ABSTRACT

Rare neurological diseases contain of a great variety of different disease and difficult to diagnose and cure. In the past years, many drugs are approved for treatment of the rare diseases, bringing hope to patients. However, these drugs are usually very expensive, so clinicians and patients have to face the delimma of the accessibility and appropriate usage of these drugs. On the other hand, there are many rare diseases could be treated by cheaper drugs. However, diagnosis of those rare diseases is challenging and clinician's lacking knowledge of the rare diseases leads to delay in diagnosis. Improving the competence in early diagnosis of rare neurological diseases is essential for the patients to live a quality life.

13.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1004028

ABSTRACT

【Objective】 To standardize the application process of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) in Blood Transfusion Departments for neurological diseases. 【Methods】 Working procedures of 2 785 TPE sessions in 617 patients with neurological diseases, from January 2019 to May 2021, were analyzed and summarized. The experiences and methods during TPE, druing patient evaluation, protocol formulation and implementation, and the management of adverse reaction during or at the end of TPE were summarized to optimize the application process of each link. 【Results】 A systematic application process could standardize the responsibilities of blood transfusion physicians and neurologists in indication, adverse reaction and treatment program. During the TPE treatment, different degrees of adverse reactions were handled in time, providing a reliable guarantee for patient safety. 【Conclusion】 Standardized application process, as the basis for TPE implementation in neurologic diseases, is the premise of safety treatment for patients.

14.
Chinese Journal of Biotechnology ; (12): 1168-1177, 2021.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-878622

ABSTRACT

Mitochondrion is a multifunctional organelle in cells and responsible for energy production, cell apoptosis and various life processes. Dysfunctional mitochondria are associated with hundreds of diseases. Increasing evidences have shown that extracellular mitochondria can be endocytosed by cells, directly into cells, and then play roles in cells. Mitochondria are the organelles that are extremely sensitive to oxygen content and pH of microenvironment that induces the adverse effect based on the cellular environment: mitochondria will increase cell survival and viability when they arrive in cells of physiological environment, but mitochondria will cause cell death when they enter the hypoxic and acidic tumor tissues, because they can produce a large amounts of oxygen free radicals. The pharmacological feature of environmental responsiveness of mitochondria could make them as a potential biological drug to kill cancer cells and restore the function of damaged tissues. Currently, mitochondria are used in the treatment of central nervous system diseases (Parkinson's disease, depression, schizophrenia, etc.), peripheral system diseases (ischemic myocardial injury, fatty liver, emphysema, etc.) and tumor. In this review, we summarize the research progress, medical application and challenges of mitochondrial therapy.


Subject(s)
Apoptosis , Mitochondria
15.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-909328

ABSTRACT

Objective:To investigate the enteral nutrition (EN) practices in patients with neurological diseases in the tertiary hospitals of northern China in 2020.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted among clinicians in 123 tertiary hospitals of northern China, which admitted patients with neurological diseases and implemented EN practices, in June 2020. The selected departments included neurology, neurological intensive care unit (ICU), neurosurgery ICU, and general ICU. The indicators for evaluation included: the equipment and personnel for EN practices, the application of screening, assessment and implementation methods of EN management, the timing of EN support, the route and methods of EN infusion, and the monitoring of nutrition-related indicators.Results:Concerning the EN practices in the 123 tertiary hospitals of northern China, 82.9% were equipped with weight measuring instruments, 85.4% with EN infusion pumps, 74.8% applied nutrition risk screening 2002 (NRS 2002) or nutrition risk in critically ill (NUTRIC) score scale to evaluate the nutritional status of patients, 71.5% applied nutrition assessment scales, 74.8% elevated the head of the bed to ≥ 30 degrees during EN infusion. Only 30.1% were equipped with an indirect calorimetry instruments (metabolic cart), 31.7% had their own standard operating procedures for nutrition management, 46.3% had a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) or percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy (PEJ) devices, 46.3% had a nutrition support team, 48.0% started EN practices within 48 hours, 57.7% started EN infusion based on Water Swallow Test, and 58.5% stopped EN infusion based on Water Swallow Test.Conclusions:The EN equipments in practices for patients with neurological diseases in tertiary hospitals of northern China were basically adequate, the evaluation and monitoring of EN related indicators were basically consummate. However, there were still some deficiencies warranting further improvement.

16.
Rev inf cient ; 100(5): 1-10, 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1348801

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Recientemente se inició la formación de profesionales en una nueva modalidad de Programas Técnico Superior de Ciclo Corto, en la especialidad de Neurofisiología Clínica. Esto responde a la necesidad de la formación de profesionales de la salud en el estudio de las enfermedades neurológicas. La estimulación magnética transcraneal constituye una herramienta importante en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de estas enfermedades. Sin embargo, se carece de un programa para la formación de los estudiantes en el estudio y aplicación de esta técnica. Objetivo: Diseñar un programa de curso propio sobre generalidades de la estimulación magnética transcraneal, para estudiantes de primer año de Neurofisiología Clínica. Métodos: Se realizó una investigación didáctica metodológica utilizando los métodos empíricos y teóricos observación, histórico lógico, estudio documental y bibliográfico, dialéctico, análisis y síntesis, inducción y deducción. Resultados: Se propuso un programa para curso propio que se estructuró en siete temas, con carácter presencial y duración de 32 horas. Se presentaron los contenidos por temas, objetivos, conocimientos esenciales a adquirir, habilidades principales a dominar y sistema de evaluación. Conclusiones: La aplicación de este programa contribuye al desarrollo de habilidades y el desempeño exitoso de los profesionales en formación, en el campo del conocimiento de la técnica de estimulación magnética transcraneal para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de las enfermedades neurológicas(AU)


Introduction: Recently began the training of professionals in a new modality of short-cycle Higher Technical Programs, in the specialty of Clinical Neurophysiology. This responds to the need of training health professionals in the study of neurological diseases, whose incidence rates have increased in recent years. Transcranial magnetic stimulation is an important tool in the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases. However, there is a lack of a program for the training of students in the study and application of this technique. Objective: Tto design an own course program on the generalities of transcranial magnetic stimulation, for first-year students of Clinical Neurophysiology. Method: A methodological didactic research was carried out using the empirical and theoretical methods, observation, logical historical, documentary and bibliographic study, dialectic, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction. Results: A program for the course was proposed, structured in seven topics, with a face-to-face character and a duration of 32 hours. The contents were presented by topics, objectives, essential knowledge to acquire, main skills to master and an evaluation system. Conclusions: The application of this program contributes to the development of skills and the successful performance of professionals in training, in the field of knowledge of the transcranial magnetic stimulation technique for the diagnosis and treatment of neurological diseases(AU)


Introdução: Iniciou recentemente a formação de profissionais numa nova modalidade de Cursos Técnicos Superiores de Ciclo Curto, na especialidade de Neurofisiologia Clínica. Isso responde à necessidade de formação de profissionais de saúde no estudo das doenças neurológicas. A estimulação magnética transcraniana é uma ferramenta importante no diagnóstico e tratamento dessas doenças. No entanto, falta um programa de treinamento dos alunos no estudo e aplicação desta técnica. Objetivo: Desenhar um programa próprio sobre as generalidades da estimulação magnética transcraniana, para alunos do primeiro ano de Neurofisiologia Clínica. Método: Realizou-se uma investigação metodológica didática utilizando os métodos empírico e teórico de observação, histórico lógico, estudo documental e bibliográfico, dialética, análise e síntese, indução e dedução. Resultados: Foi proposto um programa de curso próprio, estruturado em sete temas, com caráter presencial e duração de 32 horas. Os conteúdos foram apresentados por tópicos, objetivos, conhecimentos essenciais a adquirir, competências principais a dominar e um sistema de avaliação. Conclusões: A aplicação deste programa contribui para o desenvolvimento de competências e o desempenho bem sucedido de profissionais em formação, no domínio do conhecimento da técnica de estimulação magnética transcraniana para o diagnóstico e tratamento de doenças neurológicas(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Allied Health Personnel , Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation , Neurophysiology/education , Cross-Sectional Studies , Qualitative Research , Applied Research
17.
J. venom. anim. toxins incl. trop. dis ; J. venom. anim. toxins incl. trop. dis;27: e20210009, 2021. tab, graf, ilus, mapas
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1279406

ABSTRACT

Spider venom is a rich cocktail of neuroactive compounds designed to prey capture and defense against predators that act on neuronal membrane proteins, in particular, acetylcholinesterases (AChE) that regulate synaptic transmission through acetylcholine (ACh) hydrolysis - an excitatory neurotransmitter - and beta-secretases (BACE) that primarily cleave amyloid precursor proteins (APP), which are, in turn, relevant in the structural integrity of neurons. The present study provides preliminary evidence on the therapeutic potential of Phlogiellus bundokalbo venom against neurodegenerative diseases. Methods Spider venom was extracted by electrostimulation and fractionated by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and characterized by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). Neuroactivity of the whole venom was observed by a neurobehavioral response from Terebrio molitor larvae in vivo and fractions were screened for their inhibitory activities against AChE and BACE in vitro. Results The whole venom from P. bundokalbo demonstrated neuroactivity by inducing excitatory movements from T. molitor for 15 min. Sixteen fractions collected produced diverse mass fragments from MALDI-TOF-MS ranging from 900-4500 Da. Eleven of sixteen fractions demonstrated AChE inhibitory activities with 14.34% (± 2.60e-4) to 62.05% (± 6.40e-5) compared with donepezil which has 86.34% (± 3.90e-5) inhibition (p > 0.05), while none of the fractions were observed to exhibit BACE inhibition. Furthermore, three potent fractions against AChE, F1, F3, and F16 displayed competitive and uncompetitive inhibitions compared to donepezil as the positive control. Conclusion The venom of P. bundokalbo contains compounds that demonstrate neuroactivity and anti-AChE activities in vitro, which could comprise possible therapeutic leads for the development of cholinergic compounds against neurological diseases.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Acetylcholinesterase , Spider Venoms/toxicity , Neurotransmitter Agents , Neurodegenerative Diseases , In Vitro Techniques
18.
J Biosci ; 2020 Feb; : 1-12
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-214320

ABSTRACT

Neurotransmitters, the small molecule chemical messenger responsible for nervous system regulation and cancontrol joy, fear, depression, insomnia, craving for carbohydrates, drugs, and alcohols. Variation in neurotransmitter levels is a characteristic manifestation of several neurological diseases. Accurate diagnosis of thesediseases caused due to an imbalance in neurotransmitter level followed by impaired transmission of signalsbetween neurons and other body parts remains a great challenge for the clinicians. Recent evidences reveal,artificial single-stranded nucleotides called ‘aptamer’ are widely used as biosensors, antibody substitutes,diagnostic agents, and for targeted therapy. These aptamers are superior candidate both for early detection anddiagnosis of many neurological disorders caused due to suboptimal level of neurotransmitters. Presently, noninvasive neurotransmitter detection by aptamer has been found to be an easy, fast, and cost-effective choice. Inaddition, increased specificity, stability, affinity, and reproducibility of aptamers, high throughput screening ofaptamer-based sensing platforms have been observed. Moreover, clinical applicability of aptamer has alsoproved to be efficacious, though still at a preliminary stage. Herein, we review salient features of aptamerbased sensing technology used for neurotransmitter detection particularly their chemical modifications,selection, assay development, immobilization, therapeutic efficiency, and stability for early diagnosis of diseases caused due to neurotransmitter imbalance.

19.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-905386

ABSTRACT

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a non-invasive functional brain imaging technology, which has been used in observing activation of affected brain area and compensation of unaffected side for stroke patients, as well as the assistance of diagnosis for some other neurological diseases.

20.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-855785

ABSTRACT

The abnormal expression of monoamine oxidases (MAOs), which distributed on the outer mitochondrial membrane can cause the dysfunction of neurotransmitter delivery and related to mental and neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, the specific detection of MAOs (MAO-A/B) and the regulation of their activities will contribute to the diagnosis and treatment of neurological diseases. In order to distinguish the two subtypes of MAO-A/B, fluorescence detection and imaging techniques with highly specific and sensitive properties have important biological relevance. Herein, our research group based on the concept of "spatial configuration conversion" have designed the two-photon small molecule fluorogenic probes of U1 and F1, which capable of specific fluorescence "Switch-ON" behaviour, and combined with two-photon fluorescence microscopic imaging technology to realize the activity detection of endogenous MAO-B/A in cells and tissues. It is hoped that this works will benefit the understanding of physiological function about MAOs and developing innovative inhibitors, as well as diagnosing and treating in neurological diseases.

SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL