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1.
Journal of Practical Radiology ; (12): 209-212, 2024.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1020185

ABSTRACT

Objective To establish normal reference values for left ventricular trabecular and papillary muscle mass(TPMM)in Chinese adults using MRI and to explore its impact factors.Methods A total of 168 healthy Chinese adults were retrospectively included,and compacted and total left ventricular myocardial mass(LVM)were measured using traditional and dedicated methods,respectively.TPMM was calculated from the difference between total and compacted LVM.Independent sample t-tests and analysis of variance were used to explore the differences in TPMM among genders and age groups,while multiple linear regression was used to explore the independent correlation between TPMM and age,gender,heart rate,systolic blood pressure(SBP),fasting blood glucose(FBG),and body mass index(BMI).Results TPMM for men was significantly larger than that for female(P<0.001).TPMM in the elderly group was significantly larger in female(P<0.05),but not in men.Multiple linear regression showed that BMI and SBP were both independently positively correlated with TPMM,and female and heart rate were independently negatively correlated with TPMM(P<0.05).Conclusion This study provides age-and gender-specific normal reference values for TPMM in Chinese adults.Gender,heart rate,BMI,and SBP are all independently associated with TPMM.

2.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1021300

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:The elastic modulus of traditional bone implants is large and does not match the elastic modulus of human bone,which will cause a stress shielding effect and lead to bone resorption.The trabecular scaffold of the triply periodic minimal surface with radial gradient has elastic modulus matching with human cancellous bone,and its yield strength is greater than that of human cortical bone,which provides a new choice for the design of bone scaffold. OBJECTIVE:Triply periodic minimal surface structure with radial gradient was constructed by the implicit surface method.The sample was manufactured by laser selective melting technology,and the quasi-static compression test was carried out to obtain trabecular scaffolds with mechanical properties matching human bones. METHODS:Four types of the trabecular scaffolds of the triply periodic minimal surface with a radial gradient of G,I,P and D were established by the implicit surface method.Samples were manufactured by laser selective melting technology.We observed the surface morphology of the molded sample,evaluated the molding quality,conducted a quasi-static compression test,and evaluated the mechanical properties of the samples. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The quasi-static compression test results showed that compared with the four triply periodic minimal surface scaffolds,the platform stress of the G scaffold had less fluctuation and no failure or fracture,indicating that the G scaffold had the best plasticity.The mechanical properties of the G scaffolds with 45%,55%and 65%porosities were analyzed.It was found that the elastic modulus of G scaffolds with 55%porosity was within the range of elastic modulus of human cancellous bone(0.022-3.7 GPa),and the yield strength was close to the maximum yield strength of human cortical bone(187.7-222.3 MPa).In conclusion,G triply periodic minimal surface scaffold with 55%porosity can reduce the stress shielding effect,bear a higher body load,improve the stability of the implant,and prolong the service life of the implant.

3.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1022949

ABSTRACT

Objective To design an experimental device for simulating the interface micro motion of bone trabecular prosthesis and carry out the finite element analysis.Methods The experimental device was composed of a screw-in cylinder with threads,a flexible hinge,a micro-motion rod,a trabecular prosthesis,a connecting rod and a fixation post.A model of the experimental device was constructed with SolidWorks software,and then imported into ABAQUS software to establish a finite element model.An axial displacement load was applied to the femur to analyze the effects of the position of the flexible hinge,the gap between the prosthesis and the femur and the length of the connecting rod on the micro motion.Results The interface micro motion produced by the experimental device increased with the distance of the flexible hinge from the lower end of the screwed-in cylinder;the gap between the prosthesis and the femur did not affect the interface micro motion when the gap was not lower than 20 μm;the interface micro motion rose with the length of the connecting rod.Conclusion The experimental device can accurately simulate the micro motion of different bone trabecular prosthesis interfaces,and can be used for studying the effect of the interface micro motion on osseointegration.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(1):25-30]

4.
Chinese Journal of Orthopaedics ; (12): 233-242, 2024.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1027713

ABSTRACT

Objective:To investigate the clinical outcomes and efficacy of trabecular metal (TM) cones for the reconstruction of metaphyseal bone defects in revision total knee arthroplasty.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 46 patients (47 knees), who underwent revision total knee arthroplasty with TM cones for metaphyseal defect reconstruction from July 2015 to August 2023. The cohort comprised 12 males and 34 females, ranging from 41 to 83 years of age, with a mean of 68.65 ± 9.09 years. Body mass index (BMI) ranged from 19.5 to 36.0 kg/m 2, averaging 27.20±4.50 kg/m 2. Bone defects were stratified according to the Anderson Orthopedic Research Institute (AORI) classification, including 64 sides (AORI T2B type 20 sides, T3 type 16 sides, F2B type 11 sides, F3 type 17 sides) which were addressed with 67 cones. Evaluations during follow-up included range of motion (ROM), visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, and the American Knee Society Score (KSS). Long leg radiographs and knee X-rays were reassessed for femorotibial angle (FTA) and joint alignment, osseointegration of the TM cones, and any complications were documented. Results:The average follow-up duration was 46.22±26.55 months (range 16-103 months). The KSS knee score significantly improved from 29.22±19.79 preoperatively to 88.22±6.01 at the final follow-up ( F=258.118, P<0.001). Similarly, the KSS function score saw a marked increase from a preoperative average of 7.65±8.21 to 56.30±6.10 at the final follow-up ( F=354.711, P<0.001). VAS scores significantly decreased from 5.35±1.50 preoperatively to 0.28±0.50 at the final follow-up ( F=300.934, P<0.001). ROM improved from 67.72°±34.62° preoperatively to 85.33°±9.15° at the final follow-up ( F=7.798, P<0.001), and the FTA improved from 179.24°±10.30° preoperatively to 174.39°±1.69° at the final follow-up, a statistically significant enhancement ( F=9.123, P<0.001). Osseointegration was observed in 95.5% of the cases (64/67 cones). There were no instances of osteolysis or aseptic loosening observed, indicating stable prosthetic fixation. Complications were minimal, with one reported case of a femoral shaft fracture, which was successfully treated with internal fixation, resulting in satisfactory healing at 6 months. At the last follow-up (3 years after operation), the patient could walk at home with a walker and the other patients had no complications such as periprosthetic joint infection, dislocation and periprosthetic fracture. Conclusion:The application of trabecular metal cones in revision total knee arthroplasty provides an effective solution for the reconstruction of severe metaphyseal bone defects, enhancing prosthetic stability and restoring the knee joint's mechanical alignment. The trend towards successful osseointegration in the TM cones is promising, and a significant improvement in knee joint function has been observed.

5.
International Eye Science ; (12): 1088-1092, 2024.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1032353

ABSTRACT

Glucocorticoid-induced ocular hypertension(GIOH)is a condition characterized by elevated intraocular pressure caused by glucocorticoids. The long-term presence of GIOH may lead to optic nerve damage and visual field defects, eventually progressing to glucocorticoid-induced glaucoma(GIG), which can potentially cause blindness. Glucocorticoids primarily exert their biological effects by mediating glucocorticoid receptor(GR), while also involving factors such as transforming growth factor(TGF)-β, Wnt, and Rho in the formation of GIOH. In-depth exploration of the pathological changes and related molecular mechanisms of the trabecular meshwork in GIOH provides an important theoretical basis for understanding the pathogenesis and treatment of GIOH. Therefore, this article provides a review of the pathological changes and molecular mechanisms of the trabecular meshwork in GIOH, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for further research on the pathological mechanisms and treatment of GIOH.

6.
J. appl. oral sci ; J. appl. oral sci;32: e20230406, 2024. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1534756

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: The aim of this population-based retrospective study was to compare the osteogenic effect of newly formed bone after maxillary sinus floor elevation (MSFE) and simultaneous implantation with or without bone grafts by quantitatively analyzing trabecular bone parameters. Methodology: A total of 100 patients with missing posterior maxillary teeth who required MSFE and implantation were included in this study. Patients were divided into two groups: the non-graft group (n=50) and the graft group (n=50). Radiographic parameters were measured using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), and the quality of newly formed bone was analyzed by assessing trabecular bone parameters using CTAn (CTAnalyzer, SkyScan, Antwerp, Belgium) software. Results: In the selected regions of interest, the non-graft group showed greater bone volume/total volume (BV/TV), bone surface/total volume (BS/TV), trabecular number (Tb. N), and trabecular thickness (Tb. Th) than the graft group (p<0.001). The non-graft group showed lower trabecular separation (Tb. Sp) than the graft group (p<0.001). The incidence of perforation and bleeding was higher in the graft group than in the non-graft group (p<0.001), but infection did not significantly differ between groups (p>0.05). Compared to the graft group, the non-graft group showed lower postoperative bone height, gained bone height and apical bone height (p<0.001). Conclusion: MSFE with and without bone grafts can significantly improve bone formation. In MSFE, the use of bone grafts hinders the formation of good quality bone, whereas the absence of bone grafts can generate good bone quality and limited bone mass.

7.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-218447

ABSTRACT

Purpose: The aim of this trail was to study the efficacy of photobiomodulation (PBM) treatment to reduce the intraocular pressure in subjects with primary open angle glaucoma disease.Methods: Twenty eyes suffering from open angle glaucoma with high IOP level were selected, examined and treated with Thera-RED light diode system. The subjects were divided into two groups (n=10); treated and placebo group respectively; this system provide two lights (red at 660n.m continue and Near IR light micro-pulsed at 850 n.m), the patients received two series of treatment (ten per month within three months between every series of sessions) over five months and follow up taking ocular pressure measurements after every diode delivery session.Results: A significant decrease in IOP has been observed from the first month of the treatment compared to the placebo group (from 22.6mmHg before treatment to 15 mmHg after the tenth session) this amelioration has been also remarked during the second session of treatment (fifth month) to attempt 14.2 mmHg. Conclusion: Thera-RED light diode system treatment shows a significant decrease of IOP and remained to be stable under 14.2 mmHg in all the follow up, which confirm that photobiomodulation help in reducing the intraocular pressure in glaucomatous patients .

8.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-990821

ABSTRACT

Objective:To predict potential target genes in dexamethasone-induced open-angle glaucoma via bioinformatics technology.Methods:The GEO datasets GSE16643, GSE37474, and GSE124114 were used to analyze the differentially expressed genes by GEO2R.Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was performed on the differentially expressed genes between GSE37474 and GSE124114.Intersection of the three datasets were displayed by Venn diagram.The annotation and enrichment analysis of the intersection genes were performed through Gene Ontology (GO)/Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis and then were compared with normal tissue in GTEx Portal database.The corresponding protein interaction network was obtained by STRING.Finally, the candidate genes were searched for their transcription factors in UCSC and JASPAR.Primary human trabecular cells were divided into dexamethasone group and control group, treated with 2 ml 500 nmol/L dexamethasone and the same amount of ethanol, respectively.The expression of BDKRB1 and TAGLN in trabecular cells was detected by Western blot.Results:Differential genes between GSE37474 and GSE124114 datasets enriched in complement and coagulation cascade by GSEA.There were 89 intersecting genes of the three datasets.These genes mainly regulated the formation of extracellular matrix by GO analysis.The gene with the highest enrichment score and collagen-containing extracellular matrix was found to be associated with fibroblasts in GTEx Portal database.ACTA2, MYL9, TAGLN, and LMOD1 were closely related in STRING protein-protein interaction network.Transcription factor SP1 in UCSC and JASPAR according to related genes, BDKRB1, NID1, MFGE8 and TAGLN.The relative expression levels of BDKRB1 and TAGLN proteins were 1.32±0.14 and 0.44±0.09 in dexamethasone group, respectively, which were significantly higher than 1.00±0.00 and 0.20±0.10 in the control group, respectively ( t=-3.61, 2.89; both at P<0.05). Conclusions:Bioinformatics analysis showed that transcription factor SP1 may play a role in human trabecular meshwork cells to myofibroblasts transition after dexamethasone treatment.

9.
Chinese Journal of Geriatrics ; (12): 1077-1082, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1028168

ABSTRACT

Objective:To explore the feasibility of using ultrasound to evaluate the abdominal fat volume to predict bone quality.Methods:A total of 376 men, aged from 34 to 90 years, were recruited.The trabecular bone score(TBS)was measured by TBS iNsight ? software.Bone mineral density(BMD)of the femoral neck, total hip, and lumber spine, as well as android and gynoid fat mass were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry(DXA).Preperitoneal fat thickness and intraperitoneal visceral fat thickness were assessed by ultrasound. Results:BMD of the femoral neck, total hip, and lumber spine was significantly positively correlated with body mass index(BMI)( r=0.346, 0.378, 0.218, all P<0.001), while TBS was significantly negatively associated with BMI( r=-0.353, P<0.001); Femoral neck BMD, lumbar BMD and TBS were positively correlated with total lean mass( β=0.296, P<0.001; β=0.280, P<0.001; β=0.182, P=0.009; respectively), while femoral neck BMD, total hip BMD and TBS were negatively correlated with total fat mass( β=-0.161, P=0.036; β=-0.160, P=0.041; β=-0.354, P<0.001; respectively).Compared with fat mass, BMD was more closely correlated with BMI( P<0.001), while TBS was negatively correlated only with android fat mass( β=-0.297, P=0.017).TBS was inversely associated only with visceral fat thickness( β=-0.244, P=0.04), but not preperitoneal fat thickness( β=-0.119, P=0.256). Conclusions:Abdominal fat mass, especially intraperitoneal visceral fat mass, may have adverse effects on bone quality.Intraperitoneal visceral fat thickness measured by ultrasound is helpful for the prediction of bone quality.

10.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1005786

ABSTRACT

【Objective】 To investigate the effects of biomimetic bone trabecular with the same porosity and pore size and regular porous structure on the adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of osteoblasts, so as to provide theoretical basis for the improvement of osseointegration performance of titanium alloy implants. 【Methods】 The biomimetic bone trabecular and regular porous structures with the same porosity and pore size were generated by computer-aided software, and then processed into disc-shaped Ti6Al4V scaffolds with a diameter of 10 mm and a height of 3 mm by selective laser melting technology. MC3T3-E1 cells, the precursor cells of mouse osteoblasts in the logarithmic growth phase, were seeded on two kinds of scaffolds and divided into biomimetic bone trabecular group and regular porous structure group. After 3 hours of culture, acridine orange staining and phalloidin /DAPI staining were used to evaluate the number of cell adhesion. After 3 days of culture, the scaffolds were examined by scanning electron microscopy to evaluate the adhesion state of cells. After 1, 3, and 5 days of culture, the scaffolds were taken for CCK8 detection to observe the proliferation of cells. After 7 and 14 days of differentiation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was detected. After 14 days of differentiation, the expressions of osteogenesis-related genes (ALP, OCN, RUNX2) were detected by RT-PCR. After 30 days of differentiation, the scaffolds were stained with alizarin red and 100 g/L cetylpyridinium chloride was used to dissolve mineralized nodules. Calcium salt deposition was qualitatively and quantitatively detected to evaluate cell differentiation. 【Results】 The results of acridine orange and phalloidin /DAPI staining showed that the biomimetic trabecular Ti6Al4V scaffold adhered to more MC3T3-E1 cells than the regular porous structure, and the cytoskeleton of the former scaffold was more densely distributed. The results of scanning electron microscopy showed that the pseudopodia of MC3T3-E1 cells on the biomimetic bone trabecular Ti6Al4V scaffold were longer and the extension state was better than that of the regular porous structure. CCK8 test showed that the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells on the biomimetic trabecular bone titanium alloy scaffold was significantly higher than that on the regular porous structure on the 3rd and 5th day, and the difference gradually increased with the increase of time, with statistical significance (P<0.05). The results of cell differentiation test showed that ALP activity on the bionic trabecular scaffold was higher than that on the regular porous structure (P<0.05). The expressions of osteogenic genes (ALP, OCN, RUNX2) in MC3T3-E1 cells on the biomimetic bone trabecular titanium alloy scaffold were significantly higher than those on the regular porous structure (P<0.05). After 30 days of induction, the amount of calcium salt deposited in the bionic trabecular titanium alloy scaffold was significantly larger than that in the regular porous structure (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 The biomimetic bone trabecular with a porosity of 65% and an equivalent pore size of 600 μm is more conducive to the adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of mouse osteoblast precursor cells MC3T3-E1 on the titanium alloy scaffold than the regular porous structure with the same porosity and pore size. It is theoretically more conducive to improving the osseointegration performance of titanium alloy implants.

11.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; Arq. bras. oftalmol;86(5): e2021, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1513683

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT We assessed the effects of anti-inflammatory treatment after selective laser trabeculoplasty through a systematic search of the MEDLINE, COCHRANE, and ClinicalTrials.gov. The outcome measures were intraocular pressure, anterior chamber inflammation, and discomfort. Evidence synthesis was performed using fixed effects or random-effects model according to the heterogeneity of the included studies. Heterogeneity was assessed using Q-statistic and I2. For an overall estimate of continuous outcomes, the mean differences and their 95% confidence intervals were applied, while odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals were applied for dichotomous outcomes. Six studies were included in all. No significant difference was noted in the patients for intraocular pressure and discomfort when treated with anti-inflammatory drops. However, the patients showed benefit from reduced anterior chamber inflammation in the first postoperative week [FE OR=0.43, 95% CI=(0.19, 0.95), PQ=0.97, I2=0%], with no significant difference between the outcomes of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and steroids [FE OR=0.75, 95% CI=(0.20, 2.82), PQ=0.37, I2=0%]. Anti-inflammatory drops reduce anterior chamber inflammation after selective laser trabeculoplasty but showed no effect on the intraocular pressure.


RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar os efeitos do tratamento anti-inflamatório após a trabeculoplastia seletiva a laser. Uma busca sistemática foi feita no MEDLINE, COCHRANE e ClinicalTrials.gov. As medidas de resultado foram pressão intraocular, inflamação da câmara anterior e desconforto. A síntese de evidência foi realizada utilizando-se modelo de efeitos fixos ou efeitos aleatórios, de acordo com a heterogeneidade dos estudos incluídos. A heterogeneidade foi avaliada utilizando-se Q-statistic e I². Para uma estimativa global dos resultados contínuos, foram usadas diferenças médias e seus intervalos de confiança de 95% enquanto para resultados dicótomos, usou-se odds ratios e seus intervalos de confiança de 95%. Seis estudos foram incluídos. Nenhuma diferença significativa foi encontrada em pacientes tratados com gotas anti-inflamatórias em termos de pressão intraocular e desconforto. No entanto, eles se beneficiaram da redução da inflamação da câmara anterior na primeira semana pós-operatória [FE OR=0,43, IC 95% = (0,19, 0,95), PQ=0,97, I2=0%], sem diferença significativa entre anti-inflamatórios não esteroidais e esteroidais [FE OR=0,75, IC 95% = (0,20, 2,82), PQ=0,37, I2=0%]. Gotas anti-inflamatórias reduzem a inflamação da câmara anterior após trabeculoplastia seletiva a laser, não afetando a pressão intraocular.

12.
Arch. endocrinol. metab. (Online) ; 67(2): 242-250, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1429723

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between 25OHD (total, bioavailable and free) with bone mass and microarchitecture among primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) patients and controls. Subjects and methods: Sixty-four patients in the preoperative period of PHPT and 63 matched controls, who had not taken vitamin D in the last three months. To calculate the bioavailable and free 25OHD, the genetic variants of the vitamin D-binding protein (DBP) were determined. Bone mineral density (BMD) was determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The distributions of total, bioavailable and free 25OHD and their correlation with TBS and DXA were evaluated. Results: PHPT showed BMD and TBS values lower than CTRL in all locations (p < 0.05). There were no statistical differences in the levels of free, bioavailable and total 25OHD between the PHPT and CTRL groups [mean, min-max: 3.4 (1.4-8.6) vs. 3.1 (1.0-9.8) pg/mL, 1.51 (0.43-3.58) vs. 1.41 (0.38-3.48) ng/mL, 22.6 (11.0-39.9) vs. 20.6 (8.9-35.3) ng/dL, respectively; (p > 0.05). The distribution of DBP haplotypes was similar between groups. DXA showed no correlation with any form of 25OHD in both groups. TBS presented a weak correlation with the total 25OHD in PHPT (r = 0.28; p = 0.02) and a moderate correlation with the total, free and bioavailable 25OHD in CTRL (r = 0.42; r = 0.42; r = 0.43; respectively, p < 0.01). Conclusion: The concentrations of total, free and bioavailable 25OHD were similar in both the PHPT and control groups. 25OHD concentrations correlated positively with TBS and not with DXA, especially in controls, suggesting that this method may be more sensitive to assessing the consequences of vitamin D deficiency on bone quality in individuals without PHPT.

13.
Int. j. morphol ; 40(6): 1579-1586, dic. 2022. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1421821

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: For treating cruciate ligament injuries, especially for characterizing the mechanics of the tunnel in cruciate ligament reconstruction, correctly understanding the bony information of the attachment area of the cruciate ligaments is significant. We studied 31 knee joints of middle-aged Chinese adults using the P45 sheet plastination technique, focusing on the attachment areas of the cruciate ligaments, especially the bony structures. The trabeculae at the attachment area were distributed radially and extended deep into the medial wall of the lateral condyle of the femur. However, in the anterior part of the intercondylar eminence, the trabeculae of the anterior group were parallelly arranged along the tendinous fibers of the anterior cruciate ligament, while the trabeculae of the posterior group were parallelly arranged along the perpendicular direction of the anterior cruciate ligament fibers. Similarly, at the attachment area of the lateral wall of the medial condyle of the posterior cruciate ligament, the trabeculae extended radially toward the deep medial condyle. Deep in the posterior part of the intercondylar eminence, the trabeculae were arranged longitudinally. In the anterior part of the intercondylar eminence, the trabeculae were parallelly arranged along the perpendicular directions of ligament fibers. The distribution patterns of the trabecular at the attachment areas of the cruciate ligaments at the ends of the femur and tibia were different. This difference should be considered when orthopedic surgeons reconstruct anterior cruciate ligaments.


Para el tratamiento de lesiones de los ligamentos cruzados, especialmente para caracterizar la mecánica del túnel en su reconstrucción, es importante comprender correctamente la información ósea del área de inserción de estos ligamentos. Estudiamos 31 articulaciones de rodilla de individuos chinos, adultos, de mediana edad, utilizando la técnica de plastinación de láminas P45, centrándonos en las áreas de unión de los ligamentos cruzados, especialmente en las estructuras óseas. Las trabéculas en el área de inserción se distribuyeron radialmente y se extendieron profundamente en la pared medial del cóndilo lateral del fémur. Sin embargo, en la parte anterior de la eminencia intercondílea, las trabéculas del grupo anterior estaban dispuestas paralelamente a lo largo de las fibras tendinosas del ligamento cruzado anterior, mientras que las trabéculas del grupo posterior estaban dispuestas paralelamente a lo largo de la dirección perpendicular de las fibras del ligamento cruzado anterior. De manera similar, en el área de inserción en la cara lateral del cóndilo medial del ligamento cruzado posterior, las trabéculas se extendían radialmente y profundas hacia el cóndilo medial. Profundamente en la parte posterior de la eminencia intercondílea, las trabéculas estaban dispuestas longitudinalmente. En la parte anterior de la eminencia intercondílea, las trabéculas estaban dispuestas paralelamente a lo largo de las direcciones perpendiculares de las fibras del ligamento. Los patrones de distribución del tejido óseo trabecular en las áreas de unión de los ligamentos cruzados en los extremos del fémur y la tibia eran diferentes. Estas diferencias deben tenerse en consideración cuando los cirujanos ortopédicos reconstruyen los ligamentos cruzados anteriores.


Subject(s)
Humans , Plastination/methods , Knee Joint/anatomy & histology , Ligaments, Articular/anatomy & histology , Cancellous Bone/anatomy & histology
14.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2022 Oct; 70(10): 3746
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-224656

ABSTRACT

Background: Trabeculectomy is still the most frequently performed glaucoma surgery. But being an invasive procedure, it has numerous vision?threatening complications along with bleb?related complications like cystic bleb, overhanging bleb blebitis, or endophthalmitis. The choice of therapy between medical laser and filtering surgery is now bridged by minimally invasive glaucoma surgeries (MIGS), which are conjunctiva?sparing procedures with adequate intraocular pressure (IOP)?lowering effects and good safety profiles. Among the armamentarium of MIGS procedures, gonioscopy?assisted transluminal trabeculotomy (GATT) is a frontrunner safe procedure. The procedure is a blebless and sutureless procedure in which a readily available Prolene suture is used to cleave the entire trabecular meshwork. An ab interno approach also allows direct visualization of a so?called trabecular shelf that, when present, indicates an open, cleaved collector system commonly associated with a positive postoperative outcome. Thus, it not only saves the eye from various postoperative complications of other previous penetrating procedures, but is also an effective glaucoma surgery that can be performed with very low costs, which would have big economic implications for glaucoma carein developing countries. Purpose: The purpose of this video is to illustrate transluminal novel trabeculotomy technique and video?based skill transfer to a novice surgeon. Synopsis: This video depicts detailed steps of GATT surgery in a patient with primary open angle glaucoma and in a case of silicon oil induced secondary open angle glaucoma. The authors also share their experience regarding possible intraoperative problems and solutions with some tips and tricks to make the surgery easy. Highlights: GATT can be performed with cataract surgery with minimal patient morbidity and a short recovery time with preserving healthy conjunctiva. There is no risk of post op hypotony or bleb related complications, with a short surgical learning curve

15.
Arch. endocrinol. metab. (Online) ; 66(5): 694-706, Sept.-Oct. 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1420091

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Trabecular bone score (TBS) is an indirect and noninvasive measure of bone quality. A low TBS indicates degraded bone microarchitecture, predicts osteoporotic fracture, and is partially independent of clinical risk factors and bone mineral density (BMD). There is substantial evidence supporting the use of TBS to assess vertebral, hip, and major osteoporotic fracture risk in postmenopausal women, as well as to assess hip and major osteoporotic fracture risk in men aged > 50 years. TBS complements BMD information and can be used to adjust the FRAX (Fracture Risk Assessment) score to improve risk stratification. While TBS should not be used to monitor antiresorptive therapy, it may be potentially useful for monitoring anabolic therapy. There is also a growing body of evidence indicating that TBS is particularly useful as an adjunct to BMD for fracture risk assessment in conditions associated with increased fracture risk, such as type-2 diabetes, chronic corticosteroid excess, and other conditions wherein BMD readings are often misleading. The interference of abdominal soft tissue thickness (STT) on TBS should also be considered when interpreting these findings because image noise can impact TBS evaluation. A new TBS software version based on an algorithm that accounts for STT rather than BMI seems to correct this technical limitation and is under development. In this paper, we review the current state of TBS, its technical aspects, and its evolving role in the assessment and management of several clinical conditions.

16.
Rev. cir. traumatol. buco-maxilo-fac ; 22(3): 51-57, jul.-set. 2022. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1400145

ABSTRACT

O fibroma ossificante juvenil trabecular (FOJTr) é uma lesão fibro-óssea benigna rara de comportamento agressivo, alto potencial de recorrência, e acometimento no esqueleto craniofacial de crianças e adolescentes. Uma paciente do gênero feminino, 8 anos de idade, compareceu ao ambulatório de Patologia Oral e Maxilofacial da Universidade de Gurupi ­ UNIRG para avaliação clínica de um aumento de volume na região de corpo da mandíbula do lado esquerdo. Não havia sintomatologia dolorosa e sequer desconforto. Nos exames de imagem (radiografia panorâmica e tomografia computadorizada) foram observados uma extensa área radiolúcida que se estendia desde o primeiro molar permanente com rizogênese incompleta até o incisivo central do lado oposto. Após a realização da biópsia incisional e laudos histopatológicos realizou-se a remoção completa da lesão incluindo os remanescentes decíduos sobrejacentes ao fibroma. Nas imagens de controle pós-operatório aos 90 dias (radiografia panorâmica e tomografia computadorizada), notou-se sinais de neoformação óssea com espessamento basilar e os germes dos dentes permanentes em franco desenvolvimento. Diante disso, ressalta-se a importância do conhecimento dos aspectos clínicos, radiográficos e histopatológicos para a realização de um correto diagnóstico e tratamento adequado afim de reduzir as altas taxas de recidivas... (AU)


Trabecular juvenile ossifying fibroma (TrJOF) is a rare benign fibro-osseous lesion, with aggressive behavior, high recurrence potential, which affects the craniofacial skeleton of children and adolescents. This paper aims to describe a clinical case in a female patient, 8 years old, who attended the Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology outpatient clinic ­ Faculty of Dentistry ­ University of Gurupi - UNIRG, city of Gurupi - TOCANTINS - BRAZIL for clinical evaluation of an increased in volume in the region of the mandible body, on the left side. There was no painful symptomatology or even discomfort. Imaging examinations (panoramic radiography and computed tomography (CT) showed an extensive radiolucent area that extended from the first permanent molar with incomplete root formation to the central incisor on the opposite side. After performing an incisional biopsy and histopathological examination, the lesion was completely removed included the remainder deciduous teeth overlying the tumor. In the postoperative control images at 90 days (panoramic radiography and CT), signs of bone neoformation with basilar thickening and the germs of the permanent teeth in full development were noted. In view, this importance of knowledge of clinical, radiographic and histopathological aspects is emphasized for the realization of a correct diagnosis and adequate treatment in order to reduce the high rates of relapses... (AU)


El fibroma osificante trabecular juvenil (TRFOJ) es una lesión fibroósea benigna rara con comportamiento agresivo, alto potencial de recurrencia y afectación del esqueleto craneofacial de niños y adolescentes. Paciente femenina de 8 años de edad que acude al ambulatorio de Patología Oral y Maxilofacial de la Universidad de Gurupi - UNIRG para evaluación clínica de aumento de volumen en la región del cuerpo mandibular del lado izquierdo. No presentaba sintomatología dolorosa ni molestias. Los exámenes de imagen (radiografía panorámica y tomografía computarizada) mostraron una extensa área radiolúcida que se extendía desde el primer molar permanente con formación radicular incompleta hasta el incisivo central del lado opuesto. Tras realizar la biopsia incisional y los informes histopatológicos, se procedió a la extirpación total de la lesión, incluidos los remanentes caducos que recubrían el fibroma. En las imágenes de control postoperatorio a los 90 días (radiografía panorámica y tomografía computarizada), se observaron signos de neoformación ósea con engrosamiento basilar y los gérmenes de los dientes permanentes en pleno desarrollo. Por tanto, es importante conocer los aspectos clínicos, radiográficos e histopatológicos para la realización de un diagnóstico correcto y un tratamiento adecuado con el fin de reducir las altas tasas de recaídas... (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Bone Neoplasms/diagnosis , Fibroma, Ossifying/diagnosis , Cancellous Bone/pathology , Biopsy , Radiography, Panoramic , Mandibular Neoplasms/diagnosis , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
17.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; Arq. bras. oftalmol;85(4): 344-350, July-Aug. 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1383831

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To investigate the reduction in corneal endothelial cell density associated with gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy (GATT) in a short-term follow-up period. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the medical charts of patients with open-angle glaucoma who underwent gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy isolated or combined with phacoemulsification (phaco-gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy) was conducted. Patients who underwent phacoemulsification alone were included as controls. The endothelial cell density data (assessed using a specular microscope) before and at the first month after operation were collected and then compared. Results: Sixty-two eyes previously treated with gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy (gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy, n=39 eyes; phaco-gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy, n=23 eyes) fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The mean age of the study patients was 61.3 ± 18.4 years in the stand-alone gonioscopyassisted transluminal trabeculotomy group and 60.4 ± 11.9 in phaco-gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy group. Men comprised 66.6% of the patients in the isolated gonioscopyassisted transluminal trabeculotomy group and 56.5% of those in the phaco-gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy group. The mean visual field defects (mean deviation index) were -13.9 ± 9.2 and -10.3 ± 7.7 dB in the isolated gonioscopy-assisted and phaco-gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy groups, respectively. The patients in the former group presented a mean endothelial cell density reduction of 28.8 cells/mm² (1.31%; p=0.467). In the latter group, the mean endothelial cell density loss was 89.4 cells/mm² (4.36%; p=0.028). The control eyes (23 patients) presented a mean endothelial cell density change of 114.1 ± 159.8 cells/mm² (4.41%; p=0.505). The endothelial cell density reduction in the phaco-gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy group was not significantly different from that in the controls (p=0.81). Conclusions: Gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy appears to be a safe procedure for the corneal endothelial cell layer when performed either isolated or combined with cataract extraction in a short-term follow-up period.


RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar a redução na densidade celular endotelial corneana associada à trabeculotomia transluminal assistida por gonioscopia (GATT) em curto prazo. Métodos: Análise retrospectiva de prontuários médicos de pacientes com glaucoma de ângulo aberto que foram submetidos à trabeculotomia transluminal assistida por gonioscopia isolada ou combinada com facoemulsificação. Pacientes que foram submetidos à facoemulsificação isolada foram incluídos como controles. Dados da densidade celular endotelial corneana (avaliada através de microscópio especular) pré-operatória e ao primeiro mês pós-operatório foram coletados e comparados. Resultados: Sessenta e dois olhos que foram submetidos à trabeculotomia transluminal assistida por gonioscopia (trabeculotomia transluminal assistida por gonioscopia=39 olhos; faco com trabeculotomia transluminal assistida por gonioscopia=23 olhos) passaram pelos critérios de inclusão. A idade média dos pacientes estudados era 61,3 ± 18,4 anos no grupo trabeculotomia transluminal assistida por gonioscopia isolada e 60,4 ± 11,9 anos no grupo faco com trabeculotomia transluminal assistida por gonioscopia. Homens eram 66,6% do grupo trabeculotomia transluminal assistida por gonioscopia isolada e 56,5% do grupo faco com trabeculotomia transluminal assistida por gonioscopia. O defeito perimétrico médio (Mean Deviation) era -13,9 ± 9,2 dB e -10,3 ± 7,7 dB nos grupos trabeculotomia transluminal assistida por gonioscopia isolada e faco com trabeculotomia transluminal assistida por gonioscopia respectivamente. O grupo que fora submetido à trabeculotomia transluminal assistida por gonioscopia isolada apresentou redução média da densidade celular endotelial corneana de 28,8 células/mm² (1,31%; p=0,467). No grupo faco com trabeculotomia transluminal assistida por gonioscopia, a redução média da densidade celular endotelial corneana foi de 89,4 células/mm² (4,36%; p=0,028). Olhos controle (23 olhos) apresentaram redução média da densidade celular endotelial corneana de 114,1 ± 159,8 células/mm² (4,41%; p=0,505). A redução na densidade celular endotelial corneana no grupo faco com trabeculotomia transluminal assistida por gonioscopia não foi significativamente diferente do grupo controle (p=0,81). Conclusões: A trabeculotomia transluminal assistida por gonioscopia parece ser segura para a camada endotelial corneana em um curto prazo quando realizada de forma isolada ou combinada com cirurgia de catarata.

19.
Colomb. med ; 53(2): e2065107, Jan.-June 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1404389

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To identify pathogenic variants in an Afro-Colombian Raizal family with risk factors for glaucoma. Methods: In the present study, whole exome sequencing was performed on seven members of a Raizal family from the archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia, and Santa Catalina, in the Caribbean region of Colombia. Four of them had been diagnosed with glaucoma. In addition, two healthy volunteers from the island were included. Results: Of the 198 single nucleotide variants associated with glaucoma, previously reported by the DisGeNET database, four were identified in members of the Raizal family: rs11938093, rs7336216, rs3817672, and rs983034. Furthermore, single nucleotide variant rs983034 was identified in the Wnt ligand secretion mediator gene in all members of the family but not in healthy volunteers. Notably, WLS dysfunctions have been linked to pathology in the trabecular meshwork of the eye. Trabecular meshwork is an important regulator of the outflow of aqueous humor that maintains intraocular pressure (intraocular pressure) at normal levels. Damage to trabecular meshwork is associated with ocular hypertension, which leads to glaucoma progression. In relation to the other single nucleotide variants that were identified, their presence was confirmed in some members of the Raizal family. However, it is still unclear the pathophysiological cause that associates these single nucleotide variants with glaucoma. Conclusions: It was possible to identify four non-synonymous single nucleotide variants that predict significant damage to the structure and function of genes associated with glaucoma pathology in an Afro-Colombian.


Resumen Objetivo: Identificar las variantes patogénicas en una familia raizal afrocolombiana con factores de riesgo para el glaucoma. Métodos: En el presente estudio, se realizó una secuenciación de exoma completo en siete miembros de una familia Raizal del archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina del Caribe colombiano. La mitad de ellos habían sido diagnosticados con glaucoma. Además, se incluyeron dos voluntarios sanos de la isla. Resultados: De las 198 variantes de un solo nucleótido (SNV) asociadas con el glaucoma, previamente informadas por la base de datos DisGeNET, se identificaron cuatro en los miembros de la familia Raizal: rs11938093, rs7336216, rs3817672 y rs983034. Ademas, en todos los miembros de la familia, pero no en voluntarios sanos, se identificó SNV rs983034 en el gen mediador de secreción de ligando Wnt (WLS). Notablemente, las disfunciones WLS se han relacionado con patologías en la red trabecular (TM) del ojo. TM es un regulador importante del flujo de salida del humor acuoso que mantiene la presión intraocular (presión intraocular) en niveles normales. El daño a la TM se asocia con hipertensión ocular que conduce a la progresión del glaucoma. En relación con los demás SNV identificados, se constató su presencia en algunos miembros de la familia Raizal. Sin embargo, aún no está clara la causa fisiopatológica que asocia estas SNV con el glaucoma. Conclusiones: Fue posible identificar cuatro SNVs no sinónimos con predicción de daño significativo en la estructura y función de genes asociados a patología de glaucoma en un afrocolombiano.

20.
Journal of Medical Biomechanics ; (6): E027-E032, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-920664

ABSTRACT

Objective To explore the spatial distribution of microstructural parameters and mechanical properties for trabecular bone in the femoral head with osteonecrosis. Methods Microstructural parameters and mechanical properties of trabecular bone in different regions were analyzed by combined use of imaging measurements and numerical simulation method, and the spatial distribution of biomechanical properties for trabecular bone along coronal, sagittal and vertical directions was investigated. Results Microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties of trabecular bone were Y-shaped distributed along coronal and sagittal directions, and mechanical properties of trabecular bone in Y-shaped region were higher than those in the other regions. Such distribution characteristics was consistent with the location of principle compressive group in the femoral head. Conclusions Necrotic lesions in Y-shaped region had a greater influence on stress distribution of the femoral head and might cause the deterioration of osteonecrosis. The spacial correlation between necrotic lesions and Y-shaped region should be fully considered during clinical diagnosis.

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