Withdrawal effect of codeine and phenobarbitone on the brain and cardiac function enzymes and glucose metabolism in adult albino rats

This study is to elucidate the withdrawal of codeine and phenobarbiton and their effects on some brain, cardiac activity and glucose-insulin-glucagone relations. This may help to clarify the side effect and metabolic changes which may occur as a result of drug administration. For this aim forty adult albino rats were randomly divided to 5 groups each of eight animals. First group was kept as control. Second and third group received codeine orally in therapeutic and double therapeutic dose. Forth and fifth group were given phenobarbiton intramuscular in therapeutic and double therapeutic dose. Drugs were administered day after day for four consecutive weeks. Alterations in serum Monoamine oxidase [MAO] activities, Cholinesterase [ChE] activities, whereas 5' nucleotidase [5'NT] and creatine kinase [CK] activity lactate dehydrogenase [LDH], Aspartat-aminotransferase [AST], glucose, insulin and glucagon were recorded. Such alterations were discussed in relation to doses and levels of drugs in urine of rats that actually stopped drug and exhibited that the analgesic effects symptoms of the drugs are expression of changes of functioning enzymes

Diagnostic value of 5' Nucleotidase on kala - Azar patients

5'-Nucleotidase activity was measured in the sera of [67] Kala-azar patients before treatment and at different stages of treatment with pentostam as well as in [30] age matcher normal children. The changes in 5'-NT isoenzyme profile were also followed among the above cases. A change of the activity of the enzyme with the progress of the disease was observed. Our result suggest also that there are changes in the 5'-NT isoenzyme profile with the severity of the disease

Can 5' nucleotidase estimation be a predictor of liver metastases?

The diagnosis of hepatic metastases is important and has prognostic significance in clinical medicine. A variety of biochemical tests have been used to diagnose liver metastases before surgery and during follow up. However, recently, with the introduction of high resolution imaging modalities like CT Scan/Ultrasonography, the value of these biochemical tests declined. Ultrasonography/CT Scan can pick up liver metastases upto 0.5 cm diameter. Many a times bigger lesions and obviously smaller lesions can be missed by these screening methods. Various biochemical markers were proposed to pick up liver metastases. In this study, the estimation of 5'nucleotidase is found to be the most sensitive predictor of liver metastases when compared to conventional markers and imaging modalities.

Serum adenosine deaminase, 5'-nucleotidase & alkaline phosphatase in breast cancer patients.

Serum levels of adenosine deaminase (ADA), 5-nucleotidase (5'-NT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were studied in 25 patients of carcinoma breast and 25 normal subjects. Adenosine deaminase was found to be the better probable parameter for the detection of cancer and to assess the development of various stages of cancer whereas 5'-nucleotidase had only diagnostic significance. Serum alkaline phosphatase levels were important for assessing the spread of cancer at secondary sites. After mastectomy a significant decrease was found in the levels of serum ADA and 5'-NT whereas no variations were found in case of serum ALP.

Serum alkaline phosphatase: its isoenzymes, 5-nucleotidase and sialic acid in normal and abnormal pregnancies

Alkaline phosphatase [ALP] enzyme activity and its isoenzymes were determined in serum by heat inactivation and chemical inhibition by urea, L-phenylalanine and EDTA. Sialic acid concentration and 5- nucleotidase [5-NT] activity were also measured in serum of 381 consecutive pregnant cases seen in the obstetric outpatient clinic and Ward of Jordan University Hospital. These included normal pregnancies and pregnancies associated with other conditions such as toxemias, diabetes mellitus, and also abortion cases. This study was undertaken, to assess the activity of ALP and its isoenzymes in normal and abnormal pregnancies with a view to evaluate their usefulness as parameters of placental function. The changes in the concentration of serum sialic acid and 5-NT activity in all subjects were also studied. The cases in study were divided into three groups [trimesters]. The results from this study showed a gradual increase in placental ALP isoenzymes which reaches a maximum at term. A definite enzyme pattern of ALP was seen in normal and abnormal pregnancies and inhibition by EDTA is a valuable index for the placental function. Serum 5-NT activity did not change between the first and the third trimesters of pregnancy. However there is a gradual and significant increase in the mean [ +/- SD] serum sialic acid concentration with progressing pregnancy