ABSTRACT
Introducción: En la actualidad un grupo poblacional que tiene alto riesgo de suicidio son los adolescentes. Objetivo: Caracterizar a adolescentes que fallecieron por suicidio. Métodos: Se realizó una investigación cuantitativa descriptiva. La información de las muertes provino de los registros de defunción que gestiona el Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística de la República de Colombia, la cual es una fuente secundaria anónima. Se calcularon medidas de frecuencia relativa y absoluta. Resultados: En el período comprendido entre 1998-2017 se registraron 174 suicidios en adolescentes del Departamento de Putumayo. 59,1 por ciento eran mujeres, 22,4 por ciento tenía algún tipo de unión marital, 77,0 por ciento murió por envenenamiento. La tasa se ubicó en 12,0 suicidios por cada 100 000 adolescentes (9,6 en hombres y 14,5 en mujeres). Conclusiones: Se concluye que las tasas encontradas de suicidio son altas y ubican dicho departamento en los primeros lugares de suicidio en adolescentes del país, motivo por el cual las autoridades de salud deben implementar estrategias para mitigar esta situación(AU)
Introduction: Currently a population group that has a high risk of suicide are teenagers. Objective: To characterize suicide in teenagers in the Department of Putumayo, between the years 1998-2017. Methods: A descriptive quantitative investigation was carried out. The information on the deaths came from the country's death records managed by the National Administrative Department of Statistics of the Republic of Colombia which is an anonymous secondary source. Relative and absolute frequency measures were calculated. Results: In the period between 1998-2017 there were 174 suicides in teenagers in the Department of Putumayo. 59,1 percent were committed by women, 22,4 percent had some type of marital union, 77,0 percent died of poisoning. The rate was 12,0 (9,6 men and 14,5 women). Conclusions: It is concluded that the suicide rates found are high and place this department in the first places of suicide in teenagers in the country, which is why health authorities must implement strategies to mitigate this situation(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Suicide/prevention & control , Risk , Adolescent Psychiatry/education , Death Certificates , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Mortality , Colombia , Suicide, Completed/psychologyABSTRACT
Resumen: La atención de la salud mental y de los trastornos psiquiátricos de niños y adolescentes a lo largo de 50 años de servicio (1966-2016) en el Hospital Psiquiátrico Infantil Dr. Juan N. Navarro (HPI), y el desarrollo progresivo de la enseñanza y la investigación han contribuido al posicionamiento de éste como institución líder en la atención médica de alta especialidad. El hospital ha evolucionado en la atención diagnóstica y terapéutica de pacientes ambulatorios a través de la creación de clínicas especializadas y del desarrollo de programas terapéuticos cada vez más actualizados e integrales (psicoterapia conductual, psicoterapia cognitivo-conductual, y psicodinámica en modalidad individual, grupal y familiar, etc). En el ámbito de la enseñanza, el hospital ha sido la sede más importante en la formación de psiquiatras infantiles en México, con un progresivo reconocimiento como un centro de investigación interdisciplinaria.
Abstract: The activities concerning mental health care of psychiatric disorders during more than 50 years of service (1966-2016) at the Children's Psychiatric Hospital "Dr. Juan N. Navarro" (HPI), as well as the progressive development of teaching and research, have contributed to its positioning as a leading institution in medical care of high specialization. This has been possible through the training of human resources that focus the quality of care to the children and their families. The hospital has progressed towards diagnostic and therapeutic care of outpatients through the creation of specialized clinics (emotions, behavior, development, adolescence, among others) and the development of more actualized and integral therapeutic programs (behavioral psychotherapy, cognitive behavioral, psychodynamic; individual, group, family, etc.). In the field of education, the hospital has been the most important institution in the training of child psychiatrists in Mexico and its recognition as a research interdisciplinary center has grown.
Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Neurodevelopmental Disorders/history , Hospitals, Pediatric/history , Hospitals, Psychiatric/history , Outpatient Clinics, Hospital/history , Child Psychiatry/education , Psychology, Child , Adolescent Psychiatry/education , Psychology, Adolescent , Neurodevelopmental Disorders/therapy , Mexico/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Child mental health and child and adolescent psychiatry is increasingly becoming an indicator for any modern society to bring up child perspectives preparing for prosperous future. This field was lacking as an own medical specialty in the Middle East until the establishment of the Department of Child Mental Health at the College of Medicine, University of Duhok in 20 September 2001. To build up local competence in Child Mental Health, and to introduce Child and Adolescent Psychiatry as a modern subject in the curriculums at the College of Medicine, University of Duhok, in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. The Department of Child Mental Health [CMH] was established at the College of Medicine, University of Duhok, in collaboration with the Department of Neuroscience, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry at the Uppsala University in Sweden. Education programs are delivered from the Uppsala University in Sweden to the College of Medicine, University of Duhok in Iraqi Kurdistan, at three levels; community-based education, undergraduate medical education, and postgraduate education to achieve High Diploma [Master] degree, adjusted to the local system in Kurdistan. The CMH is a unit belonged to the pediatrics at the College of Medicine, and having links to the Directorates of Health, Education and Social Care in Duhok. Lectures in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry are delivered to the fifth year medicine students one week in autumn to be followed by another week of teaching in clinical case discussions in spring every year. The final examination consisting of the means of scores collected during the first theory and the second clinical courses compose 20% of the final pediatric examination. The postgraduate program consists of two-year education, after one-year pediatric residency, to obtain specialist competence in the subject. Transferring up-to-date knowledge on modern subjects from advanced international universities to the universities in Iraq is necessary and possible if modern teaching methods are effectively utilized. The CMH is proved to be a good example of successful collaboration, making the College of Medicine at the University of Duhok as the first school of medicine in the Middle East having Child and Adolescent Psychiatry as an obligatory teaching subject
Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent Psychiatry/education , Professional Competence , Curriculum , Education, Medical, Undergraduate , Education, MedicalABSTRACT
The aim of this qualitative project was to ascertain the adolescents' perspectives regarding health and addiction. 41 adolescents from Tehran [22 males, 19 females] between 11 and 19 years of age were evaluated by way of open and semi-structured interviews. These subjects were selected by sampling based on the project objectives. The interviews with the subjects were tape-recorded, then transcribed, and finally content analyzed. 87% of subjects under the study claimed friendships and connections with cohorts and 15% declared family as the reasons for the prevalence of addiction. Other reasons of the adolescents were being relieved of problems and being carefree, feeling superior and powerful, compensating for social restrictions, unemployment and lack of recreations, oppositional tendencies, and curiosity. Considering adolescents as builders of the future and also pervasiveness of addiction problem, attaining information is indispensable regarding the perspectives of this vulnerable group vis-a-vis the relation between the concept of health with addiction. This can be useful in cultural, health, and social program planning as well as need and priority assessments
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology , Behavior, Addictive , Tobacco Use Disorder/psychology , Adolescent Behavior/psychology , Adolescent Psychiatry/education , Qualitative ResearchABSTRACT
Muchas de las descripciones tradicionales acerca de los adolescentes están basadas meramente en creencias y convicciones, a menudo originadas en conceptos psicoanalíticos y no en investigaciones normatizadas. En este artículo se presenta un análisis de los estudios modernos de poblaciones adolescentes, así como de las investigaciones de prevalencia de perturbaciones emocionales. Se puede concluir que: la inmensa mayoría de los jóvenes no tienen una adolescencia tumultuosa, no pasan por un período de gran emocionalidad (en comparación con su niñez), no perciben la pubertad como un evento negativo, no están en alto riesgo de suicidio y su pensamiento es distinto del infantil, pudiendo destacarse por su racionalidad y sofisticación
Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Adolescent , Adolescent Behavior , Psychology, Adolescent/education , Adolescent Medicine/statistics & numerical data , Psychology, Adolescent/statistics & numerical data , Adolescent Psychiatry/education , Adolescent Psychiatry/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
El conflicto psicológico serio no es un fenómeno inevitable en la adolescencia. Sin embargo, uno de cada cinco adolescentes desarrolla un trastorno psiquiátrico en el curso de un año. En este trabajo se discuten los aspectos que intervienen en la normalidad psicológica del adolescente; así como los factores familiares que se asocian a ésta