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1.
J. appl. oral sci ; 21(5): 430-436, Sep-Oct/2013. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-690081

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the leukotoxin promoter types of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans clones in subjects with generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP) and in their family members (FM). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty-five patients with GAgP (33.9±7.1 years), 33 of their FM (22.8±11.4 years), and 41 patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) (44.1±9.4 years) were clinically analyzed using the plaque index, gingival index, probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL). Subgingival biofilm samples were collected from four interproximal periodontal sites (>PD and >CAL) of each patient. The presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans and its leukotoxic clone was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS: A. actinomycetemcomitans was observed in 23 (51.1%) GAgP patients and 16 (30.1%) CP patients. Thirty-seven (94.8%) patients showed minimally leukotoxic strains and 2 (5.1%) showed highly leukotoxic strains. In the FM group, 10 (30.3%) had aggressive periodontitis (AgP), 12 (36.3%) had CP, 11 (33.3%) were periodontally healthy or had gingivitis, and 12.2% were A. actinomycetemcomitans positive. Greater full mouth PD and CAL were observed in GAgP patients positive for the bacteria than those negative for it (p<;0.05), and the presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans positively correlated with GAgP (Odds ratio, 3.1; confidence interval, 1.4-7.0; p=0.009). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans was associated with the clinical condition of GAgP, with most patients exhibiting a generalized form of the disease and minimally leukotoxic clones. Most of the relatives of GAgP patients presented either CP or AgP. .


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans/isolation & purification , Aggressive Periodontitis/microbiology , Exotoxins/isolation & purification , Family , Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans/pathogenicity , Aggressive Periodontitis/genetics , Dental Plaque Index , Gingivitis/microbiology , Periodontal Index , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Statistics, Nonparametric
2.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-638818

ABSTRACT

Las periodontitis son un conjunto de patologías de naturaleza inflamatoria y etiología infecciosa producidas por el biofilm patogénico subgingival. Porphyromonas gingivalis y Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans son bacterias periodonto-patógenas que pueden causar daño directo a las estructuras periodontales a través de los diversos factores de virulencia que expresan. Sobre la base de estos factores de virulencia, distintos genotipos y serotipos bacterianos se han descrito, cada uno de ellos con una potencial variable patogenicidad. En esta revisión bibliográfica se describen diferentes factores de virulencia de P. gingivalis y A. actinomycetemcomitans y se discute la variable inmunogenicidad y patogenicidad de los distintos genotipos y serotipos descritos para ellos. Tanto P. gingivalis como A. actinomycetemcomitans poseen diversos factores de virulencia asociados al inicio, progresión y severidad de las periodontitis. En P. gingivalis, los factores de virulencia para los cuales se describen distintos genotipos y/o serotipos son fimbria, LPS y cápsula bacteriana, y en A. actinomycetemcomitans son leucotoxina A, Cdt y LPS. Cada uno de estos distintos genotipos y serotipos induce una respuesta inmuno-inflamatoria diferente en el hospedero y, por lo tanto, se podrían asociar a una variable patogenicidad y podrían determinar las características clínicas de la enfermedad.


Periodontitis represents a heterogenic group of periodontal infections elicited by bacteria residing at the subgingival biofilm. Although this biofilm is constituted by a broad variety of bacterial species, only a limited number has been associated with the periodontitis aetiology, among them Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Both P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans express a number of virulence factors that contribute to direct tissue damage and, based on them, distinct genotypes and serotypes have been described, each one with a potential variable pathogenicity. This review aimed to analyze the different virulence factors described for P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans and to discuss the variable immunogenicity and pathogenicity of their serotypes and genotypes. P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans express different virulence factors and they determine the initiation, progression, and severity of periodontitis. In P. gingivalis, distinct serotypes and/or genotypes are described based on fimbriae, LPS, and capsule. Additionally, in A. actinomycetemcomitans distinct serotypes and/or genotypes are described based on leucotoxin A, Cdt, and LPS. These distinct serotypes and genotypes induce a differential immunoinflammatory response and, thus, could be associated with variations in pathogenicity and reflected in clinic characteristics of the disease.


Subject(s)
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans/pathogenicity , Periodontitis/microbiology , Porphyromonas gingivalis/pathogenicity , Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans/classification , Fimbriae, Bacterial , Genotype , Lipopolysaccharides , Peptide Hydrolases , Porphyromonas gingivalis/classification , Serotyping , Virulence Factors
3.
Rev. Asoc. Odontol. Argent ; 96(4): 309-320, ago.-sept. 2008. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-503060

ABSTRACT

La periodontitis agresiva es una patología de etiología multifactorial que se presenta en pacientes sistémicamente sanos, con rápida pérdida de inserción y ósea, acompañada de agregación familiar. Puede ser localizada o generalizada, siendo las bacterias predominantes el actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans y la porphyromona gingivalis. Ellas desencadenan una respuesta inmuno-inflamatoria, la cual es la mayor responsable de la gran destrucción tisular. Se ha sugerido que la presencia de virus del tipo herpes pueda jugar un rol importante ne este cuadro. La terapia básica y el mantenimienot son, como en toda la patología gingivo-periodontal, la base del tratamiento. La cirugía reconstructiva y la terapia farmacológica antimicrobiana, han mostrado ser altamente efectivas y de utilización frecuente


Subject(s)
Humans , Periodontitis/classification , Periodontitis/etiology , Periodontitis/therapy , Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans/pathogenicity , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Periodontitis/surgery , Periodontitis/immunology , Periodontitis/microbiology , Periodontitis/drug therapy , Porphyromonas gingivalis/pathogenicity
4.
Odonto (Säo Bernardo do Campo) ; 14(27/28): 39-47, jan.-dez. 2006. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-518542

ABSTRACT

O objetivo desse estudo piloto foi comparar a ocorrência de S. mutans e A. actinomycetemcomitans em sítios periodontais com condições clínicas similares considerando-se como variável de interesse a presença de restaurações com excesso marginal. Treze indivíduos (39,69 ± 5,25 anos de idade), do gênero feminino, com no mínimo 15 dentes presentes na cavidade bucal foram incluídos. Os indivíduos deveriam apresentar no mínimo dois dentes com bolsas periodontais entre 2 e 5 mm de profundidade e nível clínico de inserção entre 2 e 4mm, sem cáries dentárias, sendo um dente com restauração de amálgama com excesso marginal (grupo teste) e um dente homólogo hígido (dente controle), ambos com dentes adjacentes hígidos. Amostras de biofilme foram coletadas e semeadas em meio de cultura seletivo para posterior identificação de S.mutans e A.actinomycetemcomitans. A prevalência de S. mutans foi de 28,8% e de A. actinomycetemcomitans de 30,8%. Não foi observada diferença entre a ocorrência das bactérias de acordo com a presença de excesso de material restaurador. Em spatios periodontais com características clínicas similares não foram encontradas diferenças em relação à ocorrência de S.mutans e A. actinomycetemcomitans. Estudos futuros deverão ser conduzidos para melhor elucidar essa questão.


The aim of this pilot study was to compare the occurrence of S. mutans and A actinomycetemcornitans in periodontal sites with similar clinical status taking in consideration the presence of overhang restorations. Thirteen individuaIs (39.69 ± 5.25 years of age), females, with at least 15 teeth had been enclosed. Each participant presented one tooth with amalgam overhang (test teeth) and also a homologous sound tooth (control teeth), both with periodontal pockets measuring 2 - 5 mm, clinical attachment level of 2 - 4mm, without caries and showing adjacent teeth without restorations. Oral biofilm were sampled and spread onto selective culture media for identification of S.mutans and A.actinomycetemcomitans. The prevalence of S. mutans was 28.8% and of A actinomycetemcornitans was 30.8%. It was not observed differences in the occurrence of the bacteria according to presence of overhang restorations. In periodontal sites with similar clinical status it was not found differences related to S.mutans and A actinomycetemcomitans occurrence. Future studies should be conducted to elucidate this question.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans/pathogenicity , Dental Amalgam , Streptococcus mutans/pathogenicity , Dental Materials , Periodontal Diseases
5.
Rev. Ciênc. Méd. Biol. (Impr.) ; 4(1): 54-62, jan.-abr. 2005.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-472238

ABSTRACT

A doença periodontal é caracterizada por alterações morfológicas nas estruturas de suporte dos dentes e é causada pela interação de subgrupos bacterianos com um indivíduo suscetível. Essa interação é necessária porque a presença de periodontopatógenos pode ser freqüentemente detectada em pacientes saudáveis. Isso indica que nem todos os indivíduos são igualmente suscetíveis e (ou) que há uma variação na virulência e potencial patogênico. Freqüentemente acredita-se que bactérias Gram-negativas estão envolvidas na iniciação da doença periodontal inflamatória. Um dos principais microrganismos implicados em algumas formas de doença periodontal é o Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. Embora o mecanismo exato de patogenicidade do A. actinomycetemcomitans não seja claro, vários fatores de virulência têm sido caracterizados. Esses fatores incluem: adesão e invasão de células epiteliais, lipopolissacarídeos, fatores inibitórios parafibroblastos, leucotoxina e fatores inibitórios para quimiotaxia de leucócitos polimorfonucleares.


Subject(s)
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans/pathogenicity , Periodontal Diseases/physiopathology , Virulence Factors
8.
Pesqui. odontol. bras ; 17(2): 183-188, Apr.-Jun. 2003. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-347433

ABSTRACT

This study examined the prevalence of highly and minimally leukotoxic Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in patients with periodontal disease. Pooled subgingival plaque samples from 136 patients with some form of periodontal disease were examined. Subjects were between 14 and 76 years of age. Clinical examinations included periodontal pocket depth (PD), plaque index (PI) and bleeding index (BI). The obtained plaque samples were examined for the presence of highly or minimally leukotoxic A. actinomycetemcomitans strains by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Chi-square and logistic regression were performed to evaluate the results. Forty-seven subjects were diagnosed with gingivitis, 70 with chronic periodontitis and 19 with aggressive periodontitis. According to chi-square there was no significant correlation detected between PD (chi2 = 0.73), PI (chi2 = 0.35), BI (chi2 = 0.09) and the presence of the highly leukotoxic A. actinomycetemcomitans. The highly leukotoxic A. actinomycetemcomitans strains were correlated with subjects that were 28 years of age and younger (chi2 = 7.41). There was a significant correlation between highly leukotoxic A. actinomycetemcomitans and aggressive periodontitis (chi2 = 22.06). This study of a Brazilian cohort confirms the strong association between highly leukotoxic A. actinomycetemcomitans strains and the presence of aggressive periodontitis


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans/isolation & purification , Exotoxins/isolation & purification , Periodontal Diseases/microbiology , Age Factors , Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans/pathogenicity , Dental Plaque Index , Gingivitis/microbiology , Periodontal Index , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Periodontitis/microbiology , Regression Analysis
9.
Rev. paul. odontol ; 25(1): 20-24, jan.-fev. 2003.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-872465

ABSTRACT

O papel da microbiota na patogênese da doença periodontal ainda desperta grande interesse em função de sua complexidade. Vários trabalhos são abordados mostrando a presença de Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans e Porphyromonas gingivalis em diferentes populações do mundo. A verificação de patógenos que possam levar à ocorrência de periodontite é de fundamental importância quando se busca forma de prevenção para doenças periodontais


Subject(s)
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans/pathogenicity , Periodontitis/microbiology , Periodontitis/prevention & control , Porphyromonas gingivalis/pathogenicity
10.
Odontol. urug ; 45(1): 5-11, jun. 1996. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-233672

ABSTRACT

Se investigó la prevalencia de la periodontitis juvenil en 100 jóvenes de 11 a 18 años en la ciudad de Canelones, usando el C.P.I.T.N. Sólo uno de ellos (1 por ciento) presentaba características clínicas, radiográficas y microbiológicas similares a la periodontitis juvenil


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Aggressive Periodontitis/epidemiology , Age Distribution , Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans/pathogenicity , Aggressive Periodontitis/classification , Aggressive Periodontitis/etiology , Aggressive Periodontitis/microbiology , Alveolar Bone Loss , Endotoxins , Exotoxins , Incisor , Molar , Periodontal Index , Periodontal Pocket/diagnosis , Sex Distribution
11.
Rev. microbiol ; 26(2): 112-6, abr.-jun. 1995. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-169847

ABSTRACT

Foi testado o potencial de cinquenta e sete cepas de A. actinomycetemcomitans para produzir abscessos em linhagens de camundongos isogênicos criados com barreiras no "Biotério de Camundongos Isogênicos". do IBC/USP. Os camundongos foram injetados subcutaneamente com cepas de A. actinomycetemcomitans. Os animais desenvolveram abscessos ulcerados e/ou purulentos no sítio da injeçäo, dos quais as bactérias foram recuperadas. Vinte e três cepas de A. actinomycetemcomitans produziram abscessos


Subject(s)
Mice , Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans/pathogenicity , Abscess/virology
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