Protective effect of α-asarone and β-asarone on Aβ -induced inflammatory response in PC12 cells and its / 浙江大学学报·医学版

To investigate effects of α-asarone and β-asarone on induced PC12 cell injury and related mechanisms. Aβ toxic injury cell model was induced by Aβ in PC12 cells. PC12 cells were divided into blank control group, model control group, α-asarone group (0.5, 1.0, β-asarone group (6.3, 12.5, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) group, and VIP antagonist control group. Cell survival rate was detected by CCK-8 kit; cell apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry. The levels of inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1, , tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, oxidation-related inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), nitric oxide (NO), apoptosis factors caspase-3 and p53 were detected by ELISA method. The expressions of C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) were detected by Western blotting. Compared with model control group, cell survival rates of group, β-asarone group and VIP group increased; the cell apoptosis rate decreased; levels of apoptosis-related factors caspase-3, p53, inflammatory factors IL-1, TNF-α decreased; IL-10 level increased; levels of oxidization-related factors iNOS and NO decreased; the expression of JNK and p38MAPK protein decreased (all 0.05). α-asarone and β-asarone have protective effects on PC12 cell injury induced by Aβ. β-asarone may inhibit inflammatory factors and oxidation-related factors through promoting VIP secretion, regulating JNK/MAPK pathway, and reducing PC12 cell apoptosis; however, the effect of α-asarone may be not related to VIP secretion.

Ocotea pulchellaas an alternative against schistosomiasis: chemical analysis, development of nanoemulsion and biological control activity / Ocotea pulchellacomo una alternativa ante esquistosomiasis: análisis químico, desarrollo de una nanoemulsión y actividad en control biológico

The aim of this work was to evaluate the potential of the essential oil (EO) from Ocotea pulchella leaves as an alternative in the control of schistosomiasis. It was tested O. pulchella EO nanoformulation to assess its activity against adult Biomphalaria glabrata, their spawning and Schistossoma mansoni cercariae. Additionally, the EO chemical composition was investigated by gas-chromatography. Nanoemulsion were elaborated by the low energy method. The adult mollusks, their spawning and cercariae were placed in contact with nanoemulsion to calculate lethal concentrations. Myristicin, bicyclogermacrene and α-Pinene were the main substances in the EO. Nanoemulsion caused mortality of adult B. glabrata, its egg embryos and S. mansoni. These results suggest the use of this nanoemulsion as an alternative in the control of the schistosomiasis cycle.

El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el potencial de los aceites esenciales (AE) de las hojas de Ocotea pulchellacomo una alternativa en el control de esquistosomiasis. Se probó una nanoformulación de AE de O. pulchellapara evaluar su actividad ante adultos de Biomphalaria glabrata, sus huevos y cercarías de Schistossoma mansoni. La nanoemulsión fue elaborada por el método de baja energía. Los moluscos adultos, sus huevos y cercarías se colocaron en contacto con la nanoemulsión para calcular concentraciones letales. Los compuestos mayoritarios en el AE fueron miristicina, biciclogermacreno y α-pineno. La nanoemulsión causó mortalidad en adultos de B. glabrata, sus huevos y a S. mansoni. Los resultados sugieren el uso de esta nanoemulsión como una alternativa en el control del ciclo de esquistosomiasis.

Prevalencia y caracterización de la eyaculación femenina. estudio de corte transversal. en mujeres colombianas del Quindío. 2012 a 2016 / Prevalence and characterization of female ejaculation. cross section study. in colombian women of Quindío. 2012 to 2016

Introducción:La eyaculación femenina es un fenómeno caracterizado por la salida de un líquido, diferente a la orina, a través de la uretra, en el momento del orgasmo.Objetivos: Determinar la prevalencia de la eyaculación femenina, en un grupo de trabajadoras sexuales, y evaluar las características físicoquímicasdel fluido uretral expulsado.Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal y prospectivo. Se enrolaron mujeres entre 18 y 39 años, atendidas en la consulta del investigador entre enero del 2012 y junio del 2016, en la consulta externa de una clínica privada de Armenia. Se incluyeron trabajadoras sexuales, sin incontinencia urinaria, sin infecciones de transmisión sexual o vaginosis, y no gestantes ni en puerperio. Se midió la prevalencia de la eyaculación femenina (expulsión de fluido a través de la uretra, durante la excitación y el orgasmo), y se evaluaron las características físicoquímicasde dicha secreción (ácido cítrico, fosfatasa ácida, fructosa, PSA, densidad, osmolaridad, pH, viscosidad y volumen).Resultados: Se evaluaron un total de 78 mujeres. La edad promedio fue de 32,6±8,2 años. La prevalencia de la eyaculación femenina fue del 69,23%. El volumen promedio deleyaculado fue de29,73±7,08 ml(rango entre 0 y 57 ml). En el análisis físico químico del líquido uretral se encontró que el color varió entre nacarado y gris opalescente, con una osmolaridad de 269,3±3,57 mOsm/Kg, pH de 5,4, densidad de 1.032 g/L, la viscosidad fue de 12,75 mm para el filamento y un volumen promedio de 29,73 cc; las sustancias más comunes fueron PSA 0,75 ng/ml con una concentración promedio de fructosa de 12 mmol/L y de ácido cítrico de 729 mg/L.Conclusión: La eyaculación femenina es una realidad en nuestra población, alrededor de dos de cada tres mujeres la presentan.

Introduction:Female ejaculation is a phenomenon characterized by the exit of a liquid, different fromurine, through the urethra, at the moment of orgasm.Objetives:To determine the prevalence of female ejaculation, in a group of sex workers, and to evaluate the physical and chemical characteristics of the ejected urethral fluid.Materials and methods: Descriptive study of cross section and prospective. Women between 18 and 39 years of age were enrolled, assisted in the researcher's consultation between January 2012 and June 2016, in the outpatient clinic of a private clinic in Armenia. Sex workers were included, without urinary incontinence, without sexually transmitted infections or vaginosis, and not pregnant or in puerperium. The prevalence of female ejaculation (expulsion of fluid through the urethra during excitement and orgasm) was measured and thephysical and chemical characteristics of this secretion were evaluated (citric acid, acid phosphatase, fructose, PSA, density, osmolarity, pH, viscosity and volume).Results: A total of 78 women were evaluated. The average age was 32.6 ± 8.2 years. The prevalence of female ejaculation was 69.23%. The average volume of the ejaculate was 29.73 ml. In the physical-chemical analysis of the urethral fluid it was found that the color varied between pearly and opalescent gray, with an osmolarity of 269.3 ± 3.57 mOsm / Kg, pH of 5.4, density of 1.032 g / L, viscosity it was 12.75 mm for the filament and an average volume of 29.73 cc; the most common substances were PSA 0.75 ng / ml with an average fructose concentration of 12 mmol / L and citric acid of 729 mg / L.Conclusión: Female ejaculation is a reality in our population, about two out of three women present it.

Fatores associados à capacidade funcional de idosos da comunidade / Factors associated with the functional capacity of elderly community

Uma característica freqüente nos processos demenciais é o declínio da capacidade funcional do indivíduo. Assim, torna-se importante conhecer as variáveis que exercem influência sobre ela, buscando auxiliar na implementação de meios para prolongar a autonomia e retardar a progressão das demências. O objetivo do estudo foi investigar a influência de variáveis sócio-demográficas e de saúde no desempenho de atividades instrumentais de vida diária (AIVD's) de idosos. A amostra foi composta por 394 idosos da comunidade, participantes do projeto "Prevalência de Demência em Idosos da cidade de Juiz de Fora". Os aspectos sócio-demográficos e de saúde foram obtidos a partir de uma entrevista semi-estruturada e a capacidade funcional foi investigada a partir da Escala de Lawton. Foram realizadas análises descritivas e correlação bivariada. A idade variou entre 60 e 98 anos (71,01 + 8,05) e 69,5% (274/394) eram do sexo feminino. A média de escolaridade foi de 6 anos e 10 meses (DP=4,52). A pontuação média obtida na escala de Lawton foi de 22,32 (DP=2,97). O desempenho nas AIVD's apresentou correlação significativa com a idade, a escolaridade, a quantidade de doenças e de medicamentos utilizados, além da percepção dos estados de saúde. Poucos estudos foram delineados com a finalidade de identificar fatores que interferem nas AIVD's. Por isso, torna-se necessário obter mais dados coletados em amostras representativas da comunidade.

A frequent occurrence in dementia is the decline of functional capacity of individuals. Thus, it is important to know how variables influence it, searching for aids to prolong the individual's autonomy and retard the progression of dementia. The objective of the study was to investigate the influence of socio-demographic and health variables on instrumental activities of daily living (IADL's) performance. The sample included 394 elderly people from the community, drawn from the project "Dementia Prevalence in Elderly Population of Juiz de Fora". An interview assessing socio-demographic and health variables was carried out and functional capacity was assessed by the Lawton Scale. Descriptive analysis were performed and Bivariate Correlations. In this sample, age ranged from 60 to 98 years (71.01 + 8.05) and 69,5% (274/394) were females. The average of schooling was 6 years and 10 months (S.D=4.52). The mean score on the Lawton Scale was 22.32 (S.D=2.97). The performance on IADL's showed significant correlations with age, schooling, number of disease and number of medicines used, besides state of health perception. Few studies have been designed with the aim of identify factors that interfere with IADL's. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain more data on representative samples from the community.