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1.
An. bras. dermatol ; 92(3): 350-355, May-June 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-886948

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: Photodynamic therapy with topical aminolevulinic acid (ALA-PDT) has been suggested to be effective in treatment of acne vulgaris. However, adverse events occur during and after treatment. Objectives: To compare the efficacy and tolerability of optical intra-tissue fiber irradiation (OFI) ALA-PDT versus traditional ALA-PDT in treatment of acne vulgaris in rabbit models. Methods: Twenty-five rabbits of clean grade were used. Twenty rabbits were randomly selected to establish acne model and the other five were used as control. Rabbits in model group (40 ears) were further divided into four groups (10 ears/group): I, OFI-ALA-PDT with the head of optical fiber inserted into the target lesion (intra-tissue); II, traditional ALA-PDT group; III, OFI group; IV, blank control group without any treatment. Uncomfortable symptoms, adverse events, and effectiveness rates were recorded on post-treatment day 14, 30, and 45. Results: On post-treatment day 14, the effectiveness rate in OFI-ALA-PDT group was obviously higher than that of the other three groups (P<0.05). However, no improved effects were observed in OFI-ALA-PDT group on day 30 and 45. During the period of treatment, the frequencies of uncomfortable symptoms in ALA-PDT group were obviously higher than those in the other three groups (P<0.05). The adverse event rate in OFI-ALA-PDT group was obviously lower than that of the ALA-PDT group (P<0.05) Study limitations: The unblindness of the study and temporary animal models of acne induced may hamper the assessment and monitoring of the results, and future studies are still needed to clarify it further. Conclusion: The OFI-ALA-PDT group (intra-tissue irradiation) showed no improved efficacy on treating rabbit ear acne but had higher safety and better tolerability.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rabbits , Photochemotherapy/methods , Photosensitizing Agents/administration & dosage , Acne Vulgaris/therapy , Aminolevulinic Acid/administration & dosage , Photochemotherapy/adverse effects , Random Allocation , Treatment Outcome , Photosensitizing Agents/adverse effects , Disease Models, Animal , Aminolevulinic Acid/adverse effects
2.
An. bras. dermatol ; 87(3): 418-423, May-June 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-638532

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Actinic cheilitis, a common disease caused by chronic solar exposure and tobacco use, is considered a premalignant lesion with potential to develop into squamous cell carcinoma. Some of the available treatments are invasive, have unaesthetic results and require multiple sessions. OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of a therapy and its cosmetic results. METHODS: In this uncontrolled clinical trial a single photodynamic therapy (PDT) session using 16% methyl-aminolevulinate was performed on actinic cheilitis of the lower lip. A standardized questionnaire was applied in order to assess the clinical improvement from the patients' point of view and the satisfaction with the treatment. Anatomopathological evaluation was performed before the treatment and two months afterwards. RESULTS: The sample was composed of 19 patients (10 males and 9 females), phototypes I to III, with average age of 62 years. Main adverse effects were: sudden pain, scabs, herpes flare-up, and edema. The average score of pain during the procedure was 5,8+2,9. At the final assessment the patients reported improvement of 80% and satisfaction of 85% (p<0.01). Anatomopathological analysis showed a significant decrease of dysplasia (p=0.03) in spite of its presence in 84% of cases. There was no significant correlation between the level of dysplasia with either the subjective impression of clinical improvement (p=0.82) or with the patients' final satisfaction (p=0.96). CONCLUSION: PDT is effective in the treatment of actinic cheilitis, but it is associated with a significant level of pain. Due to the persistence of dysplasia, more research needs to be done in order to define the ideal number of sessions for the effective treatment of these lesions.


FUNDAMENTOS: Queilite actínica, afecção causada por exposição solar crônica e tabagismo, é considerada lesão pré-maligna com possibilidade de transformação para carcinoma espinocelular. Alguns tratamentos descritos são invasivos, têm resultados inestéticos e requerem múltiplas aplicações. OBJETIVO: Verificar o uso de tratamento efetivo com resultado esteticamente aceitável. MÉTODOS: Ensaio clínico não controlado, utilizando terapia fotodinâmica com cloridrato de aminolevulinato de metila creme 16%, única aplicação, na queilite actínica de lábio inferior. Aplicação de questionário padronizado para avaliar melhora clínica da lesão subjetiva do paciente e satisfação com tratamento. Avaliação anatomopatológica antes da aplicação e dois meses após. RESULTADOS: Amostra compreendeu 19 pacientes (10 homens e 9 mulheres), fototipos I a IH, idade média 62 anos. Principais efeitos adversos: dor imediata, crostas, herpes labial e edema. Escore médio de dor referida durante o procedimento foi 5,8±2,9. Na avaliação final, os pacientes referiram melhora de 80% das lesões e apresentaram mediana de 85% de satisfação (p<0,01). Análise anatomopatológica mostrou diminuição significativa de displasia (p=0,03), apesar da persistência em 84% dos casos. Não houve correlação significativa da redução no grau de displasia com impressão subjetiva de melhora clínica (p=0,82) ou com satisfação final do paciente (p=0,96). CONCLUSÃO: TFD é efetiva no tratamento da queilite actínica, porém associada a grau significativo de dor. Devido à persistência de displasia, mais estudos são necessários para definir o número ideal de aplicações para tratamento efetivo destas lesões.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Aminolevulinic Acid/analogs & derivatives , Cheilitis/drug therapy , Photochemotherapy , Pain/etiology , Photosensitizing Agents/administration & dosage , Aminolevulinic Acid/administration & dosage , Aminolevulinic Acid/adverse effects , Patient Satisfaction , Photochemotherapy/adverse effects , Photosensitizing Agents/adverse effects , Treatment Outcome
4.
An. bras. dermatol ; 85(5): 639-645, set.-out. 2010. ilus, graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-567824

ABSTRACT

FUNDAMENTOS: A terapêutica fotodinâmica é técnica de tratamento em que se aplica uma substância fotossensibilizante nos tecidos ativada por uma fonte de luz de comprimento de onda específico, gerando destruição celular seletiva. Estudam-se novas fontes de luz que possam ser usadas no tratamento de ceratoses actínicas. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a efetividade da terapêutica fotodinâmica com ácido delta-aminolevulínico utilizando como fonte de luz um aparelho emissor de luz de diodos no tratamento de ceratoses actínicas de face e membros superiores. MÉTODOS: Dezoito pacientes com ceratoses actínicas na face ou membros superiores realizaram uma aplicação de creme de ácido delta-aminolevulínico a 20 por cento e foram submetidos à exposição de luz de diodos, comprimento de onda de 630 nm. RESULTADOS: Foram tratadas 328 ceratoses actínicas, obtendo-se cura clínica completa em 210 (64,0 por cento) após 24 semanas. Lesões do dorso das mãos apresentaram cura clínica completa em 49,2 por cento; nas demais áreas esse valor foi de 81,4 por cento. Não houve registro de efeitos adversos graves, e obteve-se bom grau de satisfação dos pacientes com os resultados. CONCLUSÃO: A terapêutica fotodinâmica com fonte de emissão de luz de diodos mostrou-se eficaz e bem tolerada para tratamento de ceratoses actínicas, com resultados semelhantes aos encontrados na literatura utilizando outras fontes luminosas.


BACKGROUND: Photodynamic therapy is a form of treatment in which a photosensitizing substance is applied to tissue and activated by a light source at a specific wavelength, thus selectively destroying cells. New light sources are being evaluated for use in the treatment of actinic keratoses. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy of photodynamic therapy with delta-aminolevulinic acid using a light emitting diode device as a light source in the treatment of actinic keratoses of the face and upper limbs. METHODS: Eighteen patients with actinic keratoses of the face or upper limbs received an application of a 20 percent delta-aminolevulinic acid cream and were submitted to diode light irradiation at a wavelength of 630 nm. RESULTS: A total of 328 actinic keratoses were treated, obtaining complete cure in 210 (64.0 percent) after 24 weeks. Lesions situated on the back of the hands were clinically cured in 49.2 percent of cases compared to 81.4 percent in the cases of lesions in other areas. There was no record of any severe adverse effects and patient satisfaction with the results was high. CONCLUSION: Photodynamic therapy with a diode light emitting source proved effective and well-tolerated for the treatment of actinic keratoses, with results similar to those reported in the literature with other light sources.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Aminolevulinic Acid/therapeutic use , Keratosis, Actinic/drug therapy , Photochemotherapy/methods , Photosensitizing Agents/therapeutic use , Arm , Aminolevulinic Acid/adverse effects , Follow-Up Studies , Facial Dermatoses/drug therapy , Patient Satisfaction , Photosensitizing Agents/adverse effects , Treatment Outcome
5.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 2008. xi,48 p. ilus, tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-526668

ABSTRACT

O chumbo é um metal com características físico-químicas largamente empregadas na indústria levando à sua grande dispersão no ambiente. O chumbo causa alguns efeitos hematológicos na biogênese do radical Heme da hemoglobina inibindo a enzima delta aminolevulínico desidratase (ALAD; EC 2.4.1.24). O objetivo desse estudo é avaliar o potencial da tilápia (Oreochromis niloticus), que resiste a muitas condições adversas e está sendo extensamente cultivada para monitorar o chumbo em ambiente aquático usando ALAD como biomarcador. Machos de tilápia pesando ao redor de 200g foram obtidos de um criador comercial e até três peixes foram aclimatados em tanques de plástico contendo 40L de água filtrada por celulose e carvão ativado sob aeração constante. Os peixes foram anestesiados com eugenol e injetados através do peritônio com doses de 1, 10 e 100mg de acetato de chumbo por kg de peixe. Depois de 24 horas, os peixes foram anestesiados com eugenol e o sangue foi coletado por punção da veia caudal e o fígado foi coletado depois do sacrifício por secção da espinha dorsal. A atividade de ALAD foi determinada no sangue e em homogeneizados de fígado pelo de método de SAKAI (Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health 68(2):126-32, 1996) sem usar DTT, que não reativa a ALAD de tilápia (...)


Subject(s)
Animals , Aquatic Environment , Aminolevulinic Acid/adverse effects , Lead/analysis , Lead/toxicity , Environmental Monitoring , Tilapia/metabolism , Biomarkers , Water Pollution/analysis
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