ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To develop a rapid and accurate gas chromatography method and investigate the distribution of tramadol in acute poisoned rats for information of samples selection and results evaluation in forensic identification.@*METHODS@#After an oral administration of tramadol at 1140 mg/kg (5 x LD50), concentrations of tramadol in rats' biological fluids and tissues were determined by gas chromatography.@*RESULTS@#The limit of detection of tramadol in blood and urine was 0.1 microg/mL and the limit of detection in liver was 0.1 microg/g. The intra-day precision and inter-day precision were within 3.1% and 5.5% respectively, and the recovery of tramadol in blood was more than 98%. The average levels of tramadol displayed in descending order of heart blood, liver, peripheral blood, urine, vitreous humor, kidney, lung, spleen, heart, brain respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#The established method could meet the requirements for toxicological analysis, and the results of the study suggest that blood, urine, liver, lung and kidney are suitable samples for forensic toxicological analysis in tramadol poisoning cases.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Acute Disease , Administration, Oral , Analgesics, Opioid/urine , Body Fluids/chemistry , Chromatography, Gas/methods , Kidney/metabolism , Liver/metabolism , Random Allocation , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and Specificity , Substance Abuse Detection/methods , Tissue Distribution , Tramadol/urineABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To develope an easy to use, rapid and accurate test for detecting buprenorphine based on the principle of competitive immunoassay.@*METHODS@#Monoclonal antibody against buprenorphine was conjugated with colloidal gold and dispensed on the glass fiber. The complete antigen Buprenorphine-BSA and the goat anti-mouse IgG polyclonal antibody were separately sprayed on the nitrocellulose membrane as the test line (T line) and the control line (C line). The rapid test kit was the final assembled product of test strip with the plastic cover.@*RESULTS@#A total of 100 urine samples were tested for buprenorphine by immunochromatographic and GC/ MS methods. The accuracy was 99.0%. It is found the test kit can only detect by cross reaction with other 45 kind drugs.@*CONCLUSION@#Rapid test kit can detect buprenorphine in the samples in 5 minutes. The cut-off value of the test is 100 ng/mL.
Subject(s)
Humans , Analgesics, Opioid/urine , Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology , Buprenorphine/urine , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods , Gold Colloid , Reagent Kits, Diagnostic , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
Self-report validity of recent drug use among heroin abusers depends on many factors including the population being studied and the setting in which the study is carried out. This study was conducted by the treating physicians to assess the self-report validity of recent heroin use by heroin dependent patients in the outdoor setting using 'thin layer chromatography' (TLC) and two highly sensitive methods of urinalysis viz. 'gas liquid chromatography' (GLC) and 'high performance liquid chromatography' (HPLC). Out of seventy-six heroin dependent patients who entered the study, 64 provided urine sample on the same day. Patients' self-report about recent opiate use was found to have a moderate agreement with urinalysis report. However, it is important to validate it with urinalysis during the treatment process because a substantial proportion of patients fails to report recent opiate use. It is recommended that all drug dependence treatment centres should be equipped with a sensitive urinalysis facility. Otherwise, the outcome of the treatment process should be considered with caution.