ABSTRACT
A utilização de animais para fins científicos configura prática histórica na civilização humana, mas gera polêmica em sociedades preocupadas com proteção dos animais. No Brasil, até 2008, não havia norma ou lei que regulamentasse especificamente a experimentação animal. Este trabalho discute a utilização de animais em experimentos científicos, considerando o delineamento da Lei Arouca, por meio da leitura de artigos científicos que contemplam o histórico da experimentação no contexto mundial e brasileiro, incluindo a regulamentação do uso de animais do filo Chordata, subfilo Vertebrata, em pesquisas no Brasil. A Lei Arouca pode representar avanço na legislação brasileira quanto à utilização de animais para fins científicos, sobretudo pela criação das comissões de ética para uso de animais em instituições de pesquisa e do Conselho Nacional de Controle de Experimentação Animal, que examinam o cumprimento da legislação aplicável em projetos científicos que envolvem a utilização de animais.
The use of animals for scientific purposes is a historical procedure in human civilization, but is controversial for societies concerned with the protection of animals. In Brazil, until 2008, there was no rule or law that specifically regulated animal testing. This paper discusses the use of animals in scientific experiments, considering the Brazilian Arouca Law, through the analysis of scientific articles that consider the history of experimentation in the world and in Brazil, including the regulation of the use of animals of the phylum Chordata, subphylum Vertebrata, in Brazilian research. The Arouca Law may represent an advance in Brazilian law regarding the use of animals for scientific purposes, particularly given the creation of the Ethics Committees for Animal Use in research institutions and the National Council for Animal Experimentation Control, which examine the compliance of scientific projects involving the use of such animals to applicable law.
El uso de animales para fines científicos configura una práctica histórica en la civilización humana, pero genera controversia en las sociedades preocupadas por la protección de éstos. En Brasil, hasta 2008, no había una norma o una ley que regulara la experimentación animal. Este trabajo discute acerca del uso de animales en experimentos científicos, teniendo en cuenta los lineamientos de la Ley Arouca, a partir de la lectura de artículos científicos que abordan la historia de la experimentación animal en el mundo y en el contexto brasilero, incluyendo la regulación del uso de animales del filo Cordados, subfilo Vertebrados, en investigaciones en Brasil. La Ley Arouca puede representar un avance en la legislación brasilera con respecto al uso de estos animales para fines científicos, sobre todo por la creación de las comisiones de ética para el uso de animales (Ceua) en instituciones de investigación y del Consejo Nacional de Control de la Experimentación Animal (Concea), que son los responsables de examinar el cumplimiento de la legislación aplicable a proyectos científicos que involucran la utilización de animales.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Bioethics , Technological Development , Animal Rights/legislation & jurisprudence , Animal Experimentation , Biomedical Research , Animals, Laboratory , Animal Technicians , Animal Use Alternatives , Disease Models, AnimalABSTRACT
Animal extremism has been increasing worldwide; frequently researchers are the targets of actions by groups with extreme animal rights agendas. Sometimes this targeting is violent and may involve assaults on family members or destruction of property. In this article, we summarize recent events and suggest steps that researchers can take to educate the public on the value of animal research both for people and animals
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Animal Experimentation , Animal Rights/legislation & jurisprudence , Biomedical Research , Violence/prevention & control , Animal Care Committees , Animal Experimentation/legislation & jurisprudence , Biomedical Research/legislation & jurisprudence , InternationalityABSTRACT
Man's observation of animals as objects of study undoubtedly began in prehistoric times. The first recorded attempt involving the use of live animals for research was by Ersistratis in Alexandria in 300 B.C. Animal investigation has clearly made possible the enormous advances in drug development in this century. A cursory review of any modern text book of pharmacology or medicine will attest the many drugs currently available to benefit mankind in the struggle to eradicate and control diseases. The main purpose of this article is to describe some of the experimental work on animals which contributed to the discovery and development of drugs benefiting human beings and other animal species. Since animal experimentation has occupied a focal position in all the research leading to useful drugs, one will appreciate that it will be necessary to limit the discussion to certain aspects of this broad and interesting topic. With this in mind, an attempt is made to relate briefly the nature of animal investigations which were instrumental in the development of major classes of drugs. Some attention has also been focused on legislation's on animal experimentation of some developed countries with emphasis on India and to views on animal experimentation. We hope this article will stimulate the minds of the scientists for a rational debate on the future of animal experimentation.
Subject(s)
Animal Rights/legislation & jurisprudence , Animal Testing Alternatives , Animal Welfare/legislation & jurisprudence , Animals , Animals, Laboratory , Disease Models, Animal , Drug Design , Drug Evaluation, Preclinical , Haplorhini , Humans , India , Mice , Models, Animal , Pharmaceutical Preparations/classification , Public Opinion , Safety , VivisectionABSTRACT
Nos últimos trinta anos, o comportamento social em relaçao aos animais modificou-se consideravelmente. As mudanças decorrentes desse fenômeno refletiram-se como críticas ao uso de animais em pesquisas e no ensino. O controle sobre tais experimentos induziu à formulaçao de normas legais voltadas à experimentaçao animal em ciências biomédicas. O autor comenta alguns temas éticos, legais, sociais e científicos controversos sobre o emprego de animais em trabalhos científicos e na educaçao médica.