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1.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 66(12): 1736-1741, Dec. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | SES-SP, LILACS | ID: biblio-1143662

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY INTRODUCTION: The interplay between eating disorders and psychosis is a challenging field to which little attention has been paid. Its study raises conceptual and methodological questions in both areas, making the diagnosis and management of patients difficult. Such questions are addressed and illustrated with a review and case report. METHODS: The authors present the case of a woman with Anorexia Nervosa and with comorbid Shared Psychotic Disorder, based on a literature review regarding the comorbidity between eating disorders and psychosis. The authors conducted a non-systematic review by searching the PubMed database, using the Mesh Terms "anorexia nervosa", "bulimia nervosa", "comorbidity" and "psychotic disorders". RESULTS: The findings suggest that studies on the subject are limited by issues regarding data on the prevalence of comorbidities, phenomenological aspects of eating disorders, and the interface and integration with psychotic symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: The case presented illustrates the difficulties in managing a patient with a comorbid eating disorder and psychosis. In order to ensure a rigorous assessment of both psychotic and eating disorder symptoms, the focus should be on the pattern of appearance or emergence of symptoms, their phenomenology, clinical and family background of the patient, and clinical status on follow-up.


RESUMO INTRODUÇÃO: A interface entre perturbação do comportamento alimentar e psicose é um campo desafiador para o qual pouca atenção foi direcionada. O seu estudo levanta algumas questões conceituais e metodológicas em ambas as áreas, dificultando o diagnóstico e o manejo dos pacientes. Essas questões são abordadas e ilustradas neste trabalho com uma revisão e um relato de caso. MÉTODOS: Os autores apresentam o caso de uma mulher com anorexia nervosa e perturbação psicótica partilhada comórbida, com base numa revisão da literatura sobre a comorbilidade entre perturbação do comportamento alimentar e psicose. Os autores realizaram uma revisão não sistemática, por meio de pesquisa no banco de dados PubMed, utilizando os termos "anorexia nervosa", "bulimia nervosa", "comorbilidade" e "perturbações psicóticas". RESULTADOS: Os resultados sugerem que os estudos sobre o tema são limitados por questões inerentes a escassos dados sobre prevalência de comorbilidades, aspectos fenomenológicos das perturbações alimentares, e sua interface e integração com sintomas psicóticos. CONCLUSÕES: O caso apresentado ilustra as dificuldades no manejo de uma paciente com perturbação alimentar e psicose. A fim de garantir uma abordagem rigorosa dos sintomas psicóticos e alimentares, a avaliação do paciente deve focar o padrão de emergência dos sintomas, a sua fenomenologia, antecedentes clínicos e familiares e o seu status clínico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Psychotic Disorders , Bulimia/epidemiology , Anorexia Nervosa/complications , Anorexia Nervosa/epidemiology , Feeding and Eating Disorders/complications , Comorbidity
2.
Rev. Nutr. (Online) ; 33: e190154, 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS, SES-SP | ID: biblio-1136702

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective This study aimed to determine whether physical fitness is related to nutritional status in a sample of female adolescents with anorexia nervosa, to contrast the nourished and undernourished patients, and to compare the physical fitness in these patients with normative data of healthy subjects stratified by age and gender. Methods Nutritional status was determined using the body mass index Z-score, fat mass, fat-free mass (bioelectrical impedance analysis), and the Controlling Nutritional Status score in 15 anorexic adolescents with 14.3±1.6 years. Physical fitness was assessed using the ALPHA-Fitness Battery (handgrip strength, standing broad jump, 4x10m shuttle run, and 20m shuttle run tests). Results Handgrip strength was significantly associated with all variables of nutritional status, except with the three blood components of the Controlling Nutritional Status score. The undernourished anorexic patients showed significantly worse physical fitness than the nourished anorexic patients in all tests, except in the standing broad jump and the 4x10m shuttle run tests. The physical fitness tests of the female anorexic adolescents showed scores significantly worse than those of the normative European female adolescent population. Conclusion The observation of female adolescents with anorexia nervosa showed associations between higher physical fitness levels and better nutritional statuses. Handgrip strength and 20m shuttle run tests may be options of additional indicators of undernutrition in anorexic female adolescents. The undernourished anorexic patients showed worse physical fitness than the nourished ones. According to normative data for healthy sex- and agematched adolescents, physical fitness is severely impaired in anorexic female adolescents.


RESUMO Objetivo Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar se a aptidão física está relacionada ao estado nutricional em uma amostra de adolescentes do sexo feminino com anorexia nervosa, contrastar pacientes nutridas versus desnutridas e comparar a aptidão física nesses pacientes com dados normativos de indivíduos saudáveis estratificados por idade e gênero. Métodos O estado nutricional foi determinado pelo escore Z do índice de massa corporal, massa gorda e massa livre de gordura (análise de impedância bioelétrica) e pelo escore do Estado Nutricional Controlador em 15 adolescentes anoréxicas com 14,3±1,6 anos. A aptidão física foi avaliada usando a Bateria ALPHA-Fitness (força de preensão manual, salto em distância em pé, corrida com vaivém 4x10m e corrida com vaivém de 20m). Resultados A força de preensão manual foi significativamente associada a todas as variáveis do estado nutricional, exceto aos três componentes sanguíneos do escore do Estado de Controle Nutricional. As pacientes anoréxicas desnutridas mostraram uma aptidão física substancialmente pior do que as pacientes anoréxicas nutridas em todos os testes, exceto nos saltos em pé em posição ampla e nos testes de corrida em 4x10m. Os testes de aptidão física dos adolescentes anoréxicos do sexo feminino apresentaram escores consideravelmente piores do que os da população adolescente europeia normativa. Conclusão Adolescentes do sexo feminino com anorexia nervosa apresentaram associação entre maiores níveis de aptidão física e melhor estado nutricional. Os testes de força de preensão manual e corrida de lançadeira de 20m podem ser alternativas como indicadores adicionais do estado de desnutrição em adolescentes anoréxicas. As pacientes anoréxicas desnutridas demonstraram pior condicionamento físico do que as pacientes anoréxicas nutridas. Segundo dados normativos para adolescentes saudáveis de acordo com o sexo e a idade, a aptidão física é gravemente prejudicada em adolescentes anoréxicas do sexo feminino.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Anorexia Nervosa/complications , Physical Fitness , Nutritional Status , Adolescent , Muscle Strength
3.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 38(3): 175-182, 15/09/2019.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1362576

ABSTRACT

Anorexia nervosa is a psychiatric disorder characterized by distortions of body size, weight, and shape perception, as well as by food restriction and/or binge and purging behaviors. It mostly affects young women and causes severe negative impacts on their physical, psychological, and social health. Recent studies have analyzed deep brain stimulation (DBS), a neurosurgical procedure that involves electrode implantation in strategical brain areas, to obtain remission of the symptoms of anorexia nervosa. The results showed that the stimulation of areas associated to the neurocircuitry of anorexia nervosa, such as nucleus accumbens, anterior cingulate cortex, ventral striatum, and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, provokes beneficial responses in terms of bodymass index, quality of life, social functioning, and psychiatric comorbidities. Nevertheless, broader investigations are needed to endorse the clinical usage of DBS in the management of anorexia nervosa.


Subject(s)
Anorexia Nervosa/complications , Anorexia Nervosa/therapy , Deep Brain Stimulation/adverse effects , Deep Brain Stimulation/methods
4.
Rev. chil. endocrinol. diabetes ; 11(2): 69-71, abr. 2018.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-915048

ABSTRACT

Electrolyte disorders are a not infrequent alteration in patients with anorexia nervosa. Itsmechanisms are multifactorial, depending on the electrolytic alteration. Hyponatremia is described in 7% of patients and generally does not reach serious values. We present the case of a female patient with difficult-to-manage anorexia nervosa who was hospitalized for hyponatremia with values not described in the literature, with a good final outcome. Literature and the main physiopathological mechanisms are reviewed.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Anorexia Nervosa/complications , Hyponatremia/etiology , Malnutrition
5.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 53(3): 136-140, tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-787343

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background There are some studies in the literature about the feeding behavior and masticatory process in patients with feeding disorders; however, it is not very well known if there are alterations in oral-pharyngeal swallowing dynamics in subjects with anorexia nervosa. Objective To evaluate the oral and pharyngeal bolus transit in patients with anorexia nervosa. Methods The study was conducted with 8 individuals clinically diagnosed and in treatment for restricting-type anorexia nervosa (seven women and one man), and 14 healthy individuals with no digestive or neurological symptoms (10 women, 4 men). Swallows were evaluated by videofluoroscopy with three swallows of 5 mL liquid bolus and three swallows of 5 mL paste bolus consistency, given in a random sequence. The participants were asked after each swallow about the sensation of the bolus passage. Results In the analysis of oral-pharyngeal transit duration, the mean duration of pharyngeal transit with paste bolus in patients with anorexia was shorter than in healthy volunteers (P=0.02). In the duration of movement of the hyoid bone, longer movement was observed in anorexia than in healthy volunteers with liquid bolus (P=0.01). With liquid bolus, five (62.5%) patients and one (7.1%) control had sensation of the bolus passage (P<0.05). Conclusion There seems to be no important alterations of swallowing in subjects with anorexia nervosa, although the results suggest that pharyngeal transit has shorter duration than that seen in healthy volunteers and the hyoid movement duration is longer in patients than in healthy volunteers. Fast pharyngeal transit may be the cause of bolus transit perception in patients with anorexia nervosa.


RESUMO Contexto Existem alguns estudos na literatura sobre o comportamento alimentar e da mastigação em pacientes com distúrbios da alimentação, no entanto não é conhecido se há alterações na dinâmica da deglutição em indivíduos com anorexia nervosa. Objetivo Avaliar o trânsito oral e faríngeo em pacientes com anorexia nervosa. Métodos O estudo foi realizado em 8 indivíduos com diagnóstico e em tratamento para anorexia nervosa do tipo restritivo (sete mulheres e um homem), e 14 indivíduos saudáveis, sem sintomas digestivos ou neurológicos (10 mulheres e 4 homens). Os trânsitos oral e faríngeo foram avaliados por videofluoroscopia, com três deglutições de 5 mL de bolo líquido e três deglutições de 5 mL de bolo na consistência pastosa, ingeridos em sequência aleatória. Os participantes foram arguidos, após cada deglutição, sobre a sensação da passagem do bolo. Resultados A duração do trânsito faríngeo com o bolo pastoso, em pacientes com anorexia, foi mais curta do que em voluntários saudáveis (P=0,02). Com bolo líquido a duração do movimento do osso hióide foi mais longa na anorexia do que em voluntários saudáveis (P=0,01). Com bolo líquido, cinco (62,5%) pacientes e um controle (7,1%) tiveram sensação da passagem de bolus (P<0,05). Conclusão Não parece haver importantes alterações da deglutição em pacientes com anorexia nervosa, embora os resultados indiquem que o trânsito faríngeo tem duração mais curta do que a observada em voluntários saudáveis e a duração do movimento do hióide é maior em pacientes do que em voluntários saudáveis. O trânsito faríngeo rápido pode ser a causa da percepção da passagem do bolo em pacientes com anorexia nervosa.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Video Recording/methods , Fluoroscopy/methods , Deglutition Disorders/physiopathology , Anorexia Nervosa/physiopathology , Deglutition/physiology , Pharynx/physiology , Pharynx/diagnostic imaging , Sensation/physiology , Time Factors , Deglutition Disorders/etiology , Deglutition Disorders/diagnostic imaging , Anorexia Nervosa/complications , Middle Aged
7.
Rev. colomb. psiquiatr ; 44(1): 33-40, ene.-mar. 2015. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-770886

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La anorexia nervosa (AN) es un trastorno de la conducta alimentaria y, entre sus causas de mortalidad, las arritmias cardiacas y la muerte súbita son frecuentes, por lo que es indispensable la monitorización electrocardiográfica. Se han descrito muchos hallazgos con resultados contradictorios, por lo que es necesaria una revisión crítica de la literatura científica. Metodología: Revisión de los estudios relevantes sobre cambios electrocardiográficos en AN, consultados en PubMed desde 1974 hasta febrero de 2014, utilizando los términos MeSH: Eating disorders, nervosa anorexia, sinusal bradycardia, QT prolongation, QT dispersion, electrocardiography, EKG, electrocardiogram. Resultados y discusión: Las dos alteraciones más comunes reportadas incluyen la bradicardia sinusal y los cambios en la repolarización evidenciados en prolongación del QT e incremento de su dispersión. Los trastornos electrolíticos parecen ser la causa de estas alteraciones en algunos pacientes, pero otras razones se discuten en detalle, como la desviación del eje del QRS a la derecha, la alteración en variabilidad de la frecuencia cardiaca, R en derivación V6 de bajo voltaje, disminución de la amplitud del QRS y onda T y alargamiento del QRS. La mayoría de los autores hablan de reversibilidad de los cambios después del tratamiento. Conclusiones: Estos resultados siguen apoyando la necesidad de valorar a los pacientes con AN con electrocardiogramas inicial y de seguimiento, para el diagnóstico temprano y tratamiento de alteraciones cardiovasculares relacionadas con alta morbimortalidad. También apoyan la necesidad del uso racional de psicofármacos para no aumentar el riesgo de arritmias cardiacas y muerte súbita.


Background: Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder in which cardiac arrhythmias and sudden death are frequent causes of mortality, which makes electrocardiographic monitoring indispensable in these patients. There are many suggestive findings but results are contradictory, making a critical review of the scientific literature is necessary. Methods: The most relevant studies on electrocardiographic (EKG) changes in patients with AN, found in PubMed from 1974 to February 2014, were reviewed using the MeSH terms: eating disorders, nervosa anorexia, sinus bradycardia, QT prolongation, QT dispersion, electrocardio graphy, EKG, and electrocardiogram. Findings and discussion: The two most common EKG findings reported in the literature are sinus bradycardia and changes in depolarization, as shown by prolongation and increased dispersion of the QT interval. Electrolyte disturbances seem to be the cause of these disturbances in some patients, but other reasons are also discussed in detail, such as QRS right axis deviation, disturbances of heart rate variability, low R wave voltage in V6, amplitude decrease of the QRS and T wave, and QRS prolongation. The majority of authors report that these changes are reversible after treatment of AN. Conclusions: These findings support the need for initial and follow-up EKGs in patients with AN and for early diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disturbances that are associated with morbidity and mortality. They also support the need for the rational use of psychop harmacology, and that does not increase the risk of arrhythmias and sudden death in these patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Anorexia Nervosa/complications , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/etiology , Electrocardiography , Anorexia Nervosa/physiopathology , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/diagnosis , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/physiopathology , Bradycardia/diagnosis , Bradycardia/etiology , Bradycardia/physiopathology , Long QT Syndrome/diagnosis , Long QT Syndrome/etiology , Long QT Syndrome/physiopathology , Water-Electrolyte Imbalance/complications
8.
São Paulo; s.n; 2015. 85 p. ilus, tab. (BR).
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-867373

ABSTRACT

As alterações orais nos pacientes com transtornos alimentares (TAs) são estudadas na literatura, porém poucos artigos abrangem a relação entre as alterações orais, candidose bucal e avaliação sociodemográfica. O presente estudo avaliou as características sociodemográficas, orais e a prevalência de Candida spp em pacientes com TAs. Foram avaliados 14 pacientes, destes 6 possuíam o diagnóstico estabelecido de Anorexia purgativa, 7 de Bulimia Nervosa e 1 TANE (transtorno alimentar não especificado). A idade média dos pacientes do estudo foi de 30,7 anos e todos eram do sexo feminino. Os pacientes responderam a um questionário elaborado pela pesquisadora e em seguida foram submetidos ao exame clínico inicial, para avaliação geral da saúde bucal, com enfoque na presença de lesões de mucosa, cáries, erosões e candidose. Também foi coletado saliva para a avaliação do fluxo salivar. As seguintes características sociodemográficas foram encontradas: 28,4% exerciam atividade remunerada; 42,8% possuíam terceiro grau completo e 78,6% eram solteiras; o tempo médio do transtorno alimentar foi de 14,8 anos e o tempo de diagnóstico médico foi de 8,07 anos. Na avaliação odontológica foram encontrados: CPO-d (dentes-cariados, perdidos e obturados) médio de 10,57; IHOS (índice de higiene oral) médio de 1,3; 71,4% das pacientes possuíam perda de brilho na face palatina dos dentes e 14,2% apresentaram perimólise. As pacientes purgativas apresentaram um índice CPO-d maior que as pacientes restritivas, a classe social mais prevalente foi a classe média. A Candida spp foi mais isolada em pacientes do serviço público e a xerostomia não foi um fator predisponente à colonização de Candida spp. A perimólise teve relação com o tempo de TAs das pacientes. Os resultados obtidos demonstram a necessidade de acompanhamento odontológico regular em pacientes com TAs.


The oral changes in patients with eating disorders (ED) are studied in literature, but few articles disclose the connection between oral changes, oral candidiasis and sociodemographic characteristics. This study evaluated the sociodemographic characteristics, oral changes and the prevalence of Candida spp. Fourteen patients were evaluated. Six subjects were diagnosed with Anorexia (purging subtype), seven with Bulimia and one with EDNOS (eating disorders no specified). Every subject included was female with a mean age of 30,7 years. All of them answered a questionnaire and passed through a clinical exam to evaluate the oral health focusing on oral lesions, erosion, decayed and candidiasis. Saliva was collected for analysis. The social demographics characteristics were observed 28.4% of subjects exercise a paid activity, 42.8% had college degree and 78.5% were single. The mean time of ED was 14.8 years and mean time of medical diagnosis was 8.07 years. The clinical exam revealed the following data: DMFT mean of 10.57; Plaque index (oral hygiene) mean of 1.3; 71.4% of subjects showed tooth wear in enamel on palatine surface and 14,2%, perimolysis. This results suggest that patients with purging habits had higher DMFT than restrictive patients, the social class can be a predisposing factor for ED, the local where treatment was done influenced in isolation of Candida spp; and xerostomia did not influence in colonization of the fungus. The perimolysis presented relation with time of manifestation ED. This results showed the importance of concomitant treatment with dentistry.


Subject(s)
Anorexia Nervosa/complications , Anorexia Nervosa/diagnosis , Bulimia/complications , Bulimia/diagnosis , Oral Health
9.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 74(3): 222-224, jun. 2014. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-734369

ABSTRACT

Presentamos el caso de una mujer con diagnóstico de anorexia nerviosa que desarrolló cardiomiopatía de takotsubo precipitada por estrés emocional y alteraciones del medio interno. Evolucionó favorablemente con manejo conservador. Los casos de cardiomiopatía inducida por estrés, descriptos en pacientes con trastornos de la conducta alimentaria, suelen alcanzar mayor gravedad y se asocian con la prolongación del intervalo QT por desequilibrios electrolíticos, arritmias ventriculares e hipoglucemia. Se realiza una revisión del compromiso cardiovascular en pacientes con anorexia nerviosa.


We report the case of a woman with anorexia nervosa who developed takotsubo cardiomyopathy triggered by emotional stress and electrolyte disturbances. The patient improved with conservative management. Descriptions of stress-cardiomiopathy in association with eating disorders are often of higher severity and related to QT prolongation because of electrolyte abnormalities, ventricular arrhythmias and hypoglycemia. A review of cardiovascular compromise in patients with anorexia nervosa is performed.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Anorexia Nervosa/complications , Stress, Psychological/complications , Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy/etiology , Alcoholism , Heart Ventricles , Tobacco Use , Ventricular Function, Left , Water-Electrolyte Imbalance/complications
10.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 12(2): 175-180, Apr-Jun/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-713006

ABSTRACT

Objective To analyse the progression of body mass index in eating disorders and to determine the percentile for establishment and resolution of the disease. Methods A retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study. Review of clinical files of adolescents with eating disorders. Results Of the 62 female adolescents studied with eating disorders, 51 presented with eating disorder not otherwise specified, 10 anorexia nervosa, and 1 bulimia nervosa. Twenty-one of these adolescents had menstrual disorders; in that, 14 secondary amenorrhea and 7 menstrual irregularities (6 eating disorder not otherwise specified, and 1 bulimia nervosa). In average, in anorectic adolescents, the initial body mass index was in 75th percentile; secondary amenorrhea was established 1 month after onset of the disease; minimum weight was 76.6% of ideal body mass index (at 4th percentile) at 10.2 months of disease; and resolution of amenorrhea occurred at 24 months, with average weight recovery of 93.4% of the ideal. In eating disorder not otherwise specified with menstrual disorder (n=10), the mean initial body mass index was at 85th percentile; minimal weight was in average 97.7% of the ideal value (minimum body mass index was in 52nd percentile) at 14.9 months of disease; body mass index stabilization occured at 1.6 year of disease; and mean body mass index was in 73rd percentile. Considering eating disorder not otherwise specified with secondary amenorrhea (n=4); secondary amenorrhea occurred at 4 months, with resolution at 12 months of disease (mean 65th percentile body mass index). Conclusion One-third of the eating disorder group had menstrual disorder − two-thirds presented with amenorrhea. This study indicated that for the resolution of their menstrual disturbance the body mass index percentiles to be achieved by female adolescents with eating disorders was 25-50 in anorexia nervosa, and 50-75, in eating disorder not otherwise specified. .


Objetivo Analisar a progressão do índice de massa corporal nos transtornos alimentares e determinar o percentil para estabelecimento e resolução da doença. Métodos Estudo retrospectivo descritivo, com análise dos processos de adolescentes com transtorno alimentar. Resultados Das 62 adolescentes com distúrbio alimentar, 51 apresentavam distúrbio sem outra especificação, 10 anorexia nervosa, e uma bulimia. Vinte e uma adolescentes apresentavam distúrbios menstruais, sendo 14 amenorreia secundária, 7 irregularidades menstruais (6 distúrbio alimentar sem outra especificação e 1 bulimia). Em média, nas anoréticas: índice de massa corporal inicial - percentil 75, instalação da amenorreia secundária com um mês de doença, peso mínimo 76,6% do índice de massa corporal ideal, no percentil 4), com 10,2 meses de doença, resolução da amenorreia aos 24 meses com recuperação ponderal média de 93,4% do peso ideal. No distúrbio alimentar sem outra especificação com distúrbio menstrual (n=10), o índice de massa corporal inicial médio no percentil 85, peso mínimo, em média, 97,7% do valor de peso ideal (média no percentil 52 de índice de massa corporal), aos 14,9 meses, estabilização ponderal aos 1,6 anos, percentil médio de índice de massa corporal de 73. Na perturbação do comportamento alimentar sem outra especificação com amenorreia secundária (n=4): amenorreia secundária aos 4 meses, resolução aos 12 meses (média no percentil 65 do índice de massa corporal). Conclusão Um terço do grupo com transtornos alimentares teve distúrbios menstruais − sendo dois terços com amenorreia secundária. Este estudo indicou que, para resolução ...


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Body Mass Index , Feeding and Eating Disorders/complications , Menstruation Disturbances/etiology , Amenorrhea/etiology , Anorexia Nervosa/complications , Body Weight , Bulimia/complications , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies
11.
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology ; : 315-319, 2012.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-11956

ABSTRACT

Gas within the gastric wall is an alarming finding and a rare condition. Clinically, this condition is divided into two entities; Gastric emphysema and emphysematous gastritis. These two diseases should be differentiated because they are characterized by different clinical symptoms, possible etiology, treatment and prognosis. While emphysematous gastritis is a severe condition with high mortality, gastric emphysema is asymptomatic and usually has benign course. Rarely, anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa have been discribed to be associated with acute gastric distension and duodenal obstruction induced by superior mesentery artery syndrome. So, gastric emphysema could be accompanied by acute gastric distension induced by anorexia nervosa. We report a rare case of gastric emphysema in a patient with anorexia nervosa presenting as superior mesenteric artery syndrome with relevant literatures. In this case, the gastric emphysema was improved without surgical intervention after nasogastric tube for decompression and feeding insertion in the fourth portion of the duodenum.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Female , Humans , Acute Disease , Anorexia Nervosa/complications , Emphysema/complications , Gastric Dilatation/complications , Intubation, Gastrointestinal , Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome/diagnosis , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
13.
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology ; : 280-283, 2011.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-212476

ABSTRACT

Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome is a rare disorder, characterized by compression of the third segment of the duodenum by the mesenteric artery at the level of the SMA, resulting in duodenal dilatation. Precipitating factors of the SMA syndrome include prolonged bed rest, weight loss, abdominal surgery, and increased lordosis of the spine. We report a case of SMA syndrome caused by anorexia nervosa in a 15-year-old adolescent girl. CT and an upper gastrointestinal contrast series revealed partial obstruction of the third portion of duodenum and decreased aortomesenteric distance. The patient's symptoms were successfully treated with total parental nutrition and psychiatric treatment including supportive, cognitive behavioral therapy and antidepressant medication. This case shows that SMA syndrome is an unusual gastrointestinal complication that may occur in patients with anorexia nervosa.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Female , Humans , Anorexia Nervosa/complications , Antidepressive Agents/therapeutic use , Cognitive Behavioral Therapy , Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal , Fluoxetine/therapeutic use , Parenteral Nutrition, Total , Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome/diagnosis , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
14.
Movimento (Porto Alegre) ; 15(2): 69-85, abr.-jun. 2009. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-522344

ABSTRACT

Através de um estudo exploratório descritivo de cunho qualitativo, foram investigadas as experiências motoras em pessoas com anorexia nervosa, explorando seus motivos, suas expectativas, sua relação com o exercício no curso do transtorno e o papel do professor de educação física. Os dados reforçam a necessidade de proporcionar um ambiente seguro, de respeito às individualidades e auxílio no reconhecimento dos limites e das sensações corporais em propostas de atividades físicas para pessoas com anorexia nervosa.


Through a descriptive exploratory study, in a qualitative perspective, body experiences and physical activities were investigated in people with anorexia nervosa, exploiting their motives, their expectations, their relationship with the exercise in the course of the disorder and the role of teacher of physical education. The data reinforce the need to provide a safe environment, respect with the individualities and aid in the recognition of the limits and bodily sensations in proposals for physical activities for people with Anorexia Nervosa.


Através de un estudio exploratorio descriptivo de cuño cualitativo, fueron investigadas las experiencias motoras en personas con anorexia nerviosa, explorando sus motivos, sus expectativas, su relación con el ejercicio en desarrollo de trastorno y el rol del profesor de educación física. Los datos refuerzan la necesidad de proporcionar un ambiente seguro, de respeto a la individualidad y auxilio en el reconocimiento de límites y sensaciones corporales en propuestas de actividades físicas para personas con Anorexia Nerviosa.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Adult , Anorexia Nervosa/complications , Anorexia Nervosa/diagnosis , Anorexia Nervosa/epidemiology , Anorexia Nervosa/psychology , Anorexia Nervosa/therapy , Exercise Therapy , Motor Activity , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Professional Role/psychology , Surveys and Questionnaires/standards , Surveys and Questionnaires
15.
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology ; : 257-260, 2009.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-89306

ABSTRACT

Anorexia nervosa, a syndrome most commonly affecting young women, is characterized by weight less than 85% of weight that is considered normal for that person's age and height, distorted body image, and fear of becoming obese, and its mortality is up to 9%. We present a case of a 33-year-old woman with a 9-year history of anorexia nervosa. She admitted to our institution with decreased mentality, and her body mass index was 11.5 kg/m2 of the time admission. Initial aminotransferase level was severely elevated, but it was normalized solely with improved nutrition and weight gain. Five and sixteen days after the admission urinary tract infection and elevation of pancreatic enzymes occurred. They were successfully treated with antibiotics and nutritional support. Fifty seven days after the admission, she discharged. We report a case of acute hepatitis and pancreatitis treated with nutritional rehabilitation in a patient with severe anorexia nervosa for the first time in Korea.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Acute Disease , Alanine Transaminase/analysis , Anorexia Nervosa/complications , Aspartate Aminotransferases/analysis , Body Mass Index , Lipase/analysis , Liver Diseases/enzymology , Nutrition Therapy , Pancreatic Diseases/enzymology , Weight Gain
19.
Rev. Fac. Cienc. Méd. (Córdoba) ; 63(2,supl): 30-32, 2006.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-474482

ABSTRACT

Las manifestaciones clínicas generales en los trastornos alimentarios, como la anorexia y la bulimia nerviosa son múltiples y están bien descriptas en la literatura. El objetivo de este trabajo es demostrar que las pacientes que padecen de bulimia y anorexia nerviosa presentan manifestaciones en la mucosa bucal y que junto a una correcta anamnesis nos pueden orientar hacia un diagnóstico temprano de la enfermedad. Los casos clínicos presentados muestran algunas de las manifestaciones bucales en los pacientes con estos trastornos. Un signo característico de esta enfermedad son las abrasiones que sufre el esmalte de los dientes, en especial en los pacientes con bulimia nerviosa, causado por los ácidos del vómito autoinducido. Sin embargo el tiempo que necesita el ácido para producir la desmineralización es largo, por lo que no es un signo que nOs ayude a realizar un diagnóstico temprano de la enfermedad.


There are numerous general clinical manifestations in eating disorders, such as anorexia and nervous bulimia, which are fully described in the reading material. The objective of this study is to demonstrate that patients suffering from anorexia and nervous bulimia present manifestations in the oral mucosa and a proper anamnesis can lead to an early disease diagnosis. The clinical cases presented show some of the oral manifestations in patients suffering from these disorders.Abrasion of teeth enamel is a typical sign of this disease, specially in patients with nervous bulimia, caused by self-induced vomit acids. However, this sign does not help to make an early disease diagnosis, since the acid takes a long time to produce demineralization.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Anorexia Nervosa/complications , Bulimia Nervosa/complications , Mouth Diseases/etiology , Mouth Mucosa/pathology , Anorexia Nervosa/diagnosis , Bulimia Nervosa/diagnosis , Mouth Diseases/pathology
20.
Salud pública Méx ; 47(4): 308-318, jul.-ago. 2005.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-417209

ABSTRACT

Los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria son comunes en mujeres jóvenes con una prevalencia estimada de entre 4-5 por ciento. La pérdida de masa ósea es una complicación física de la anorexia nervosa y trastorno alimentario no especificado que afecta tanto a hueso cortical como trabecular. El efecto sinérgico de la desnutrición y la deficiencia de estrógenos produce una pérdida de masa ósea a través del desacoplamiento entre resorción osteoclástica y formación osteoblástica. La severidad varía dependiendo de la duración de la enfermedad, el peso menor alcanzado y la actividad física. La repercusión a largo plazo es evidente pues existe un incremento en el riesgo de fractura en las pacientes que han padecido anorexia nervosa. La primera línea de tratamiento para recuperar la masa ósea es la rehabilitación nutricia y un incremento de peso. La terapia de reemplazo hormonal podría ser efectiva si se combina con métodos anabólicos. Los términos osteopenia y osteoporosis fueron adoptados para definir la deficiencia de masa ósea en adultos. Los autores de las publicaciones que fueron revisadas utilizaron dichos términos para definir datos densitométricos en sujetos jóvenes que no han alcanzado la masa ósea pico. Sugerimos el término "hipo-osteogenesia" para definir el desarrollo deficiente de masa ósea en adolescentes o niños.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Feeding and Eating Disorders/complications , Osteoporosis/etiology , Age Factors , Anorexia Nervosa/complications , Bone Density , Bone Diseases, Metabolic/diagnosis , Bone Diseases, Metabolic/drug therapy , Bone Diseases, Metabolic/etiology , Calcium/administration & dosage , Calcium/therapeutic use , Dehydroepiandrosterone/administration & dosage , Dehydroepiandrosterone/therapeutic use , Drug Therapy, Combination , Feeding and Eating Disorders/epidemiology , Feeding and Eating Disorders/rehabilitation , Mexico/epidemiology , Nutritional Physiological Phenomena , Osteoporosis/diagnosis , Osteoporosis/drug therapy , Prospective Studies , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Risk Factors , Sex Factors , Time Factors , Vitamin D/administration & dosage , Vitamin D/therapeutic use , /administration & dosage , /therapeutic use , Weight Gain , Weight Loss
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