ABSTRACT
We report on a case of a patient with HIV infection, diagnosed 18 months prior to the development of an anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis; this is probably the first report of such an association. A 30-year-old white man presented with elevation of serum creatinine (1.3 - 13.5 mg/dL within one month). At admission, the urinalysis showed proteinuria of 7.2 g/L and 8,000,000 erythrocytes/mL. Renal biopsy corresponded to a crescentic diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis mediated by anti-GBM, and serum testing for anti-GBM antibodies was positive; antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and anti-neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) were also positive. The patient underwent hemodyalisis and was treated with plasmapheresis, cyclophosphamide and prednisone. The association described here is not casual, as crescentic glomerulonephritis is not common in HIV-positive patients, anti-GBM glomerulonephritis is rare and anti-GBM antibodies are frequently observed in HIV-positive subjects when compared to the overall population. Based on the current case and on the elevated frequency of the positivity for such antibodies in this group of patients, it is advisable to be aware of the eventual association between these two conditions and to promote an active search for anti-GBM antibodies and early diagnosis of eventual urinary abnormalities in HIV-positive subjects, considering the severity of anti-GBM glomerulonephritis.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease/complications , HIV Infections/complications , Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease/diagnosis , Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease/therapy , Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic/blood , Antibodies, Antinuclear/blood , Antibodies/blood , Cyclophosphamide/therapeutic use , Dialysis , Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use , Plasmapheresis , Prednisone/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Se presenta el caso clínico de una paciente portadora de hemosiderosis pulmonar asociada a anticuerpos antimembrana basal glomerular, con alteraciones en la biopsia renal, configurando el síndrome de Goodpasture. El diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno determinaron una evolución favorable
Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Female , Hemosiderosis , Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease/diagnosis , Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease/therapyABSTRACT
Se comunica un caso de enfermedad anti membrana basal glomerular (anti MBG) en un paciente com síndrome de Alport que recibió un trasplante de riñón cadavérico. Luego de alcanzar una función renal normal al mês del trasplante, deterioró progresivamente la función a partir del 3er mês y la punción biopsia renal mostró formación de semilunas y depósitos lineales de inmunoglobulinas. El estudio del suero demostró anticuerpos contra la cadena alfa 5 del colágeno tipo IV y recibió tratamiento con plasmaféresis, lográndose estabilización funcional durante un año. Al cabo de dicho lapso una infección respiratoria requirió interrupción de la inmunosupresión y el paciente debió reingresar al programa de hemodiálisis crónica. Se discuten los posibles mecanismos que condicionaron la especificidad de los anticuerpos circulantes en este caso, ya que difiere de la prevalente en la enfermedad anti MBG idiopática, en la que los anticuerpos circulantes están habitualmente dirigidos contra la cadena alfa 3.