ABSTRACT
Objetivo: Describir la sensibilidad antibiótica de gérmenes prevalentes causantes de infecciones del tracto urinario en un hospital general. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo de serie de casos en el Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia. Se analizaron los urocultivos positivos realizados en los meses de enero a junio del año 2008. Resultados: De 1249 urocultivos positivos, se aisló en pacientes no hospitalizados; Escherichia coli 76 por ciento seguido de Klebsiella spp. 5 por ciento y Citrobacter sp. 3 por ciento. Escherichia coli fue sensible a amikacina, nitrofurantoína, ceftriaxona y ciprofloxacino en 93,4 por ciento, 88,6 por ciento, 78 por ciento y 44,5 por ciento respectivamente. En pacientes hospitalizados la frecuencia fue; Escherichia coli 49 por ciento seguido de Enterococcus spp. 11,39 por ciento y Klebsiella spp. 8,42 por ciento siendo Escherichia coli sensible a amikacina, nitrofurantoína, ceftriaxona y ciprofloxacino en 88,89 por ciento, 75,26 por ciento, 43,88 por ciento y26,04 por ciento, respectivamente. Nitrofurantoína obtuvo resistencias bajas en hospitalizados 16,49 por ciento y en no hospitalizados 6.48 por ciento para Escherichia coli. Conclusiones: Se observó que amikacina vuelve a ser una buena opción como tratamiento empírico; así mismo hubo aumento en la resistencia a antibióticos comúnmente usados, sin embargo antibióticos poco usados como nitrofurantoína tienen mejores niveles de sensibilidad para Escherichia coli.
Objective: To describe the antibiotic sensitivity of positive urine cultures performed in general hospital. Material and methods: Descriptive and retrospective case series was performed at the Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia. We revised the urine positive cultures from January until June, 2008. Results: From a total of 1249 positive urine cultures taken from non-hospitalized patients (1049 cases) the following was isolated: Escherichia coli 76 per cent followed by Klebsiella spp. 5 per cent and Citrobacter sp. 3 per cent. Escherichia coli were found sensitive to amikacina, nitrofurantoína,ceftriaxona and ciprofloxacin in 93.5 per cent, 88 per cent, 78 per cent and 44.59 per cent respectively. In hospitalized patients (204 cases), the frequency was 49.01 per cent for Escherichia coli followed by 11.39 per cent for Enterococcus spp. and 8.42 per cent. for Klebsiella spp. Escherichia coli was found sensitive to amikacina (88.89 per cent), nitrofurantoína (75.26 per cent), ceftriaxona (42.88 per cent) and ciprofloxacin (26.04 per cent). Nitrofurantoin showed low resistance in hospitalized patients (16.49 per cent), as in for nonhospitalized patients (6.48 per cent) Escherichia coli. Conclusions: Amikacin is a good option for empiric treatment. We also found a high resistance percentage in strains isolated with the most common used antibiotics. Nevertheless, less used antibiotics as Nitrofurantoin have a higher sensitivity percentage against Escherichia coli.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Escherichia coli , Drug Resistance, Microbial , Urinary Tract Infections , Antibody-Coated Bacteria Test, Urinary , Sensitivity and Specificity , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Retrospective Studies , Case ReportsABSTRACT
Se realizo un estudio bacteriològico en muestras de orina de pacientes atendidos en el Hospital San Gabriel durante el periodo comprendido entre mayo de 1994 a septiembre de 1995. El diagnòstico clìnico fuè ITU (Infecciòn del tarcto urinario); de dichas muestras, 414 evidenciaron una bacteria como microorganismo causal. El estudio realizado, demuestra a E. coli como agente causal màs frecuente en ITU (88,4 porciento), lo cual concuerda con reportes internacionales previos
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Urinary Tract Infections/diagnosis , Incidence , Escherichia coli/isolation & purification , Bacteriological Techniques , Urethra/microbiology , Urinary Bladder/parasitology , Antibody-Coated Bacteria Test, Urinary/nursing , Prostate/parasitologyABSTRACT
A simple and rapid staphylococcal coagglutination test for the detection of Toxoplasma gondii antigens in mice urine is described. A suspension of protein-A containing Staphylococcus aureus coated with rabbit hyperimmune serum was used as reagent. The sensitivity of the antigen assay was found to be at least 118 ng of the antigen protein per ml. No coagglutination was observed when the reagent was challenged against antigenic solutions of other parasites. The suitability of the method for detecting antigens of T. gondii in urine samples was studied by experimental toxoplasma infection in mice. Before the staphylococcal test, the urine samples were double serially diluted in 0.1 M PBS. From the second day on all samples from infected mice were positive at 1/16 dilution. At this dilution, all samples from non infected mice were negative or did not produce coagglutination. This method might be used in the rapid etiological diagnosis also in human cases of acute toxoplasmosis