ABSTRACT
El presente estudio tiene como objetivo realizar una intervención utilizando como base los videojuegos. Para el mismo, se ha utilizado un videojuego indie llamado GRIS. El estudio es de tipo cuasi-experimental, donde se ha evaluado a los niños/as antes y después de la intervención. La evaluación de la intervención se realizó ha realizado mediante el test de Toulouse, que se mide mediante el índice global de atención y percepción (IGAP), y una guía creada específicamente para este estudio. El grupo de participantes, seleccionado por conveniencia, se conformó por tres niños procedentes del centro DIVERTEA en Cáceres (España) que presentaban trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad o déficit de atención como trastorno comórbido. La comparación de los resultados obtenidos en los test previo y posterior indican una mejora en la atención y en la percepción, con unos resultados entre el 80% y el 100 por ciento en el IGAP posterior a la intervención. Estos resultados refuerzan la idea de utilizar los videojuegos como método de intervención para el trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad. Queda abierta la posibilidad de seguir investigando sobre la utilización de los videojuegos como método de intervención en otros tipos de patologías y trastornos.
The aim of this study was to deliver an intervention using videogames as a base. For this study, it was used an indie videogame called GRIS. This was a quasi-experimental study, where children were evaluated before and after the intervention. For the assessment, Toulouse test was used, which is measured by global index of attention and perception (GIAP) and a guide created specifically for this study. The group of participants, selected by convenience, was made up of three children from DIVERTEA in Caceres (Spain) which had attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, or attention deficit as a co-morbid disorder. The results obtained with the pre.post testing were compared, suggesting an attention and perception improvement with result between 80 and 100 percent in GIAP post- intervention. This result reinforces the idea of using videogames as intervention method in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. The possibility of using videogames as an intervention method in other pathologies and disorders, is open to continue research.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Attention/physiology , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/rehabilitation , Occupational Therapy , Video GamesABSTRACT
In adults with non-promyelocytic acute myeloid leukemia (AML), high-dose cytarabine consolidation therapy has been shown to influence survival in selected patients, although the appropriate doses and schemes have not been defined. We evaluated survival after calculating the actual dose of cytarabine that patients received for consolidation therapy and divided them into 3 groups according to dose. We conducted a single-center, retrospective study involving 311 non-promyelocytic AML patients with a median age of 36 years (16-79 years) who received curative treatment between 1978 and 2007. The 131 patients who received cytarabine consolidation were assigned to study groups by their cytarabine dose protocol. Group 1 (n=69) received <1.5 g/m2 every 12 h on 3 alternate days for up to 4 cycles. The remaining patients received high-dose cytarabine (≥1.5 g/m2 every 12 h on 3 alternate days for up to 4 cycles). The actual dose received during the entire consolidation period in these patients was calculated, allowing us to divide these patients into 2 additional groups. Group 2 (n=27) received an intermediate-high-dose (<27 g/m2), and group 3 (n=35) received a very-high-dose (≥27 g/m2). Among the 311 patients receiving curative treatment, the 5-year survival rate was 20.2% (63 patients). The cytarabine consolidation dose was an independent determinant of survival in multivariate analysis; age, karyotype, induction protocol, French-American-British classification, and de novo leukemia were not. Comparisons showed that the risk of death was higher in the intermediate-high-dose group 2 (hazard ratio [HR]=4.51; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.81-11.21) and the low-dose group 1 (HR=4.43; 95% CI: 1.97-9.96) than in the very-high-dose group 3, with no significant difference between those two groups. Our findings indicated that very-high-dose cytarabine during consolidation in adults with non-promyelocytic AML may improve survival.
Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Male , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/rehabilitation , Cognitive Behavioral Therapy/methods , Executive Function/physiology , Inhibition, Psychological , Ambulatory Care , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/psychology , Child Behavior Disorders/psychology , Memory, Short-Term/physiology , Methylphenidate/therapeutic use , Pilot Projects , Play and Playthings , Parents/psychology , Reinforcement, Psychology , Treatment Outcome , Waiting Lists , Watchful WaitingABSTRACT
Este estudo descreve o processo de tradução, adaptação e análise de aplicabilidade clínica do Programa Pay Attention! ao português do Brasil. O processo seguiu as etapas recomendadas internacionalmente para adequação de instrumentos a outros idiomas: tradução/adaptação baseado em normas que preservassem características originais bem como as da cultura; análise por juízes especialistas; estudos-piloto; análise de aplicabilidade clínica em um grupo de 10 crianças com TDAH. Os resultados dos estudos-piloto foram analisados qualitativamente na fase de tradução/adaptação. No grupo clínico, o programa foi aplicado em 20 sessões individuais analisando-se a evolução individual, conforme estabelecido no manual. Os resultados demonstraram que a versão em português do Pay Attention! está adequada, tornando-se um importante instrumento de intervenção nos Transtornos de Déficit de Atenção em crianças. (AU)
This research report describes the translation, adaptation and analysis of clinical applicability process related to the Pay Attention! Program to Brazilian Portuguese. The process followed all the steps internationally recommended to adequate instruments to other languages: translation/adaptation based on rules that preserve original features and cultural characteristics; analysis by expert judges; pilot studies, and analysis of clinical applicability in a group of 10 children with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Results of pilot studies were qualitatively analyzed in the phase of translation/adaptation. In the clinical group, the program was implemented in 20 individual sessions analyzing the individual evolution, as stated in the manual. Results showed that the Portuguese version of the Pay Attention! Program is appropriate, becoming an important tool for the interventions in attention deficits in children. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Psychometrics/methods , Attention , Translating , Surveys and Questionnaires , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/rehabilitation , BrazilABSTRACT
En Trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH) el síntoma central desde la neuropsicología es el deficiente desarrollo de la organización de su conducta, específicamente de las formas de actividad consciente e intencionalmente orientada. Los niños presentan dificultades en la organización y autorregulación de la conducta y un comportamiento inapropiado respecto a lo que se espera para su edad y desarrollo intelectual, aunque el niño es capaz de formar un propósito para su actividad, no logra mantenerse en ella, es incapaz de planear y seguir una secuencia de acciones para alcanzar el objetivo que se había planteado, los estímulos auditivos y visuales externos lo distraen con facilidad desviándolo de su propósito. El objetivo de este artículo es mostrar un programa de intervención Neuropsicológica en un caso de un niño con TDH de predominio impulsivo fundamentado en la identificación de la falla en el mecanismo de regulación y control que afecta la función reguladora del lenguaje para lograr una actividad voluntaria y organizada, se muestran los resultados de la valoración pre, el programa de intervención, la valoración pos y un análisis comparativo. La discusión se establece a partir de la importancia de la función reguladora del Lenguaje para la organización de la actividad voluntaria...
In the Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), the central symptoms from the neuropsychology aspect, is the poor development of the organization of the behavior, specifically for conscious and intentionally targeted activities. Children have difficulties in self-regulation and organization of their behavior as well as an inappropriate conduct in respect to what is expected for their age and intellectual development. Although the child is capable of developing a purpose for their activity, the child is unable to plan and follow a sequence of actions, and maintain the focus to achieve the objective established. External visual and/or acoustic stimulus can easily distract and deflect them from their activities. The aim of this paper is to show a Neuropsychological intervention program for a case of a child with ADHD with impulsive predominance, based on the identification of the fault in the regulation and controls mechanism that affects the language regulatory function to achieve an organized and voluntary activity. This paper shows the results of the pre-assessment, intervention program, the post assessment and the comparative analyzes. The discussion is set as regards as the importance of the language regulatory function in organizing a voluntary activity...
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/rehabilitation , Neuropsychological Tests , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/psychologyABSTRACT
El siguiente documento tiene como propósito establecer una mirada reflexiva acerca del Trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH) como verdadero problema de salud pública en la población infantil de nuestro país, situación que implica unos retos muy grandes de la política de infancia sobre esta problemática y donde además de todos los protocolos de tratamiento realizados hasta el momento se deben incluir abordajes que tengan implícita la motricidad ya que una de las alteraciones comorbidas de esta patología se manifiesta en las dificultades motrices en primera instancia, y de manera integral involucrar a la familia y la escuela para el éxito en el manejo del evento.
The following document was aimed at offering reflection about the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as a true public health problem in Colombian children, involving very large challenges for childhood policy regarding this problem. This (in addition to all treatment protocols advanced to date) should include approaches implicitly involving motricity since one of this pathology's comorbid disorders becomes manifest in motor difficulties in the first instance, integrally involving family and school for success in managing the event.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Infant , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/epidemiology , Child Welfare , Public Policy , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/physiopathology , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/rehabilitation , Colombia/epidemiology , Family , Health Priorities , Motor Activity , Policy Making , Prevalence , Prognosis , Public HealthABSTRACT
The present post-eventual research study was conducted with the purpose of comparing the memory performance between distinct groups of 50 healthy children and 50 attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [ADHD] children [25 girls and 25 boys] in Tehran with an age range of 10-12. The whole students were selected through simple random sampling method and were assessed in children's medical center, the Clinic of Roozbeh Hospital, and Tehran's Andishe primary school [both girls' and boys' branches]. The applied tools for data gathering were the Benton test and Wechsler memory sub-test [form A]. The results showed a significant difference between Benton test scores and Wechsler memory sub-test scores [i.e. personal and general information, orientation, mind control, logical memory, repeating numbers straightly or reversely, learning and memory] among healthy children and those with ADHD. Memory performance in children with ADHD was weaker than healthy children. In general, with regard to the memory deficit and attention disorder, these patients require both memory and attention rehabilitation for a better quality of life
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Memory Disorders/etiology , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/rehabilitation , Random Allocation , Wechsler Scales , Intelligence Tests , ResearchABSTRACT
Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar el desempeño ocupacional de un niño con Trastorno por Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad (TDAH) durante el ejercicio de sus tareas diarias. La metodología escogida fue el estudio de caso de un niño con diagnóstico clínico de TDAH de una ciudad al interior del estado de Sao Paulo, Brasil. La recolección y análisis de datos fue realizada mediante la observación y la aplicación de evaluaciones estandarizadas como Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) traducida y avalada para la población brasilera, School Funtion Assessment (SFA), Questionário sobre o comportamento lúdico infantil (PFEIFER, 2006) y Roteiro de análise de habilidades sociais (ANHÃO, 2008). Estas evaluaciones fueron aplicadas con el fin de abarcar todas las áreas ocupacionales de los niños: juego, participación social, actividades de la vida diaria (AVD) y escolar. Los resultados mostraron que las alteraciones presentadas en el desempeño ocupacional están relacionadas con la calidad en la ejecución de tareas diarias y no con la independencia en la realización de las mismas. Por esta razón no existe ninguna restricción en la participación del niño en los contextos donde se desenvuelve.
The objective of this study was to analyze the occupational performance of the daily activities of children with the ADHD (Attention deficit and hyperactive disorder). The selected methodology was the case study of a boy with a clinical diagnose of ADHD in a city in the interior state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. The recollection and analysis of data were made by observation and the application of standard evaluations like Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI), translated and applied in Brazilian population, School function Assessment (SFA), Questionário sobre o comportamento lúdico infantil (PFEIFER, 2006) and Roteiro de análise de habilidades sociais (ANHÃO, 2008). This evaluation were applied with the objective of include all the occupational areas of children, play, social participation, daily activities and study. The results showed that the alteration presented in the occupational performance is related with the quality in the execution of daily tasks and not with the independence in the accomplishment of them. For this reason, there werent found any restriction in the participation of the child in his occupational contexts.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Activities of Daily Living , Occupational Therapy , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/rehabilitation , Disability Evaluation , Interpersonal Relations , Psychomotor Performance , Surveys and Questionnaires , Social Behavior , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/physiopathology , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/psychologyABSTRACT
La mayoría de los modelos teóricos que explican el trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad coinciden en señalar la presencia de un déficit motivacional. Sin embargo, son pocos los estudios que se centran sobre la conducta intencional o volición en estos niños. El Modelo de la Ocupación Humana entiende que la volición es un elemento clave en la ocupación humana. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer cómo es la conducta intencional de los niños con trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad para poder establecer objetivos y programas de tratamiento más eficaces con esta población. Método. La muestra está formada por 21 niños con edades comprendidas entre 7 y 11 años y todos ellos fueron evaluados a través del PediatricVolitional Questionaire (PVQ) en dos ocupaciones: actividades de la vida diaria y actividades escolares. Resultados. Los resultados indican que la conducta intencional es diferente en las actividades de la vida diaria y actividades escolares, mostrando una mayor complejidad en las actividades escolares. La conducta intencional es inferior en los niños del subtipo combinado que el grupo control e inatento. Conclusiones. Estos resultados podrían indicar un menor desarrollo del sentido de capacidad o competencia en los niños con el trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad. Los tratamientos deberían fomentar el desarrollo de un sentido positivo de competencia y de identidad ocupacional.
Most of the theoretical models that explain Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder suggest the presence of a motivational deficit. However, few studies that focuses on the intentional or volition in these children. The Model of Human Occupation understands that volition is a key element in the human occupation. The aim of this study is how the volition of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in order to establish goals and treatment programs more effective with this population. Method. Twenty one children, between seven and eleven years old participated and were assessed through the Pediatric Volitional Questionnaire (PVQ) in two occupations: activities of daily living and school activities. Results. The results indicate that the volition is different in the activities of daily living and school activities, showing more complex school activities. The volition is lower in children in the combined subtype that the control group and inattentive subtype. Conclusions. These results could indicate a less developed sense of capacity or competence in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The future treatment should encourage the development of a positive sense of occupational identity and occupational competence.