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Arch. argent. pediatr ; 106(3): 219-225, jun. 2008. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-486955

ABSTRACT

Introducción. El peso al nacimiento (PN) se asocia con varios resultados perinatales y constituye un fuerte indicador del nivel de salud de una población. Objetivos. Analizar 1) la evolución, entre 1992-2002, del PN promedio, Bajo Peso (menor que 2.500 g) (BP),Muy Bajo Peso (menor que 1.500 g) (MBP) y PN mayor o igual a 3.000 g; 2) los riesgos de ocurrencia de estas categorias y 3) la contribución del subregistro del PN a su variación.Población, material y métodos. Los datos procedieronde los informes anuales de la Dirección deEstadística, Ministerio de Salud, República Argentina(n= 7.113.931). Se calcularon las medias del PNy su distribución residual (DR) según la metodología de Wilcox-Russell y las proporciones de BP,MBP y PN mayor o igual 3.000 g. Resultados. El PN promedio disminuyó 32 g (p=0,577) y 24 g entre 2000 y 2002 (p menor que 0,001). La DR alcanzó el 4 por ciento. El BP y MBP aumentaron 12 por ciento (p=0,034) y 26 por ciento (p= 0,002), respectivamente. El PN mayor o igual 3.000 g disminuyó 3,6 por ciento (p= 0,011) con un promedio del 75,2 por ciento. Los riesgos de BP y MBP fueron 1,13 y1,30, respectivamente, y el de PN mayor o igual 3.000 g 0,86. Elsubregistro alcanzó 5,1 por ciento, y sus correlaciones con la diferencia del BP y del MBP fueron de 0,10 (p=0,877) y 0,01 (p= 0,991), respectivamente.Conclusiones. Se observó una tendencia secular negativa del PN, las categorías de BP y MBP se incrementaron, el PN mayor 3.000 g disminuyó y el subregistro no influyó en estas variaciones


Introduction. Birth weight (BW) is considered an important measure of the health status of a population. Objectives. 1) to assess secular trends in average BW, low birth weight (LBW, less than 2.500 g), very low birth weight (VLBW, less than 1.500 g) and BW more than or equal to 3.000 g of liveborn infants in Argentina; 2) calculate risks of LBW, VLBW and more than or equal to 3.000 g; 3) influence of underreported birth weight. Material and methods. In this national-based study 7.113.931 liveborn infants born in Argentina from 1992 to 2002 were included. BW was assessed from the National Ministry of Public Health. Annuals mean BW and residual distribution (RD) following the Wilcox-Russell approach were calculated, and also LBW, VLBW and more than or equal to 3.000 g proportions. Results. A decrease of 32 g in average BW (p= 0.577) and 24 g between 2000 and 2002 (p less than 0.001) was observed. RD reached 4%. The significant increase in LBW (12%, p= 0.034) and VLBW (26%, p= 0.002) proportions was paralleled by a reduction of 3.6% in BW more than or equal to 3.000 g (p= 0.011, average 75.2%). Risks of being LBW and VLBW were 1.13 (95% CI 1.12-1.15) and 1.30 (1.25-1.35), respectively; for BW more than or equal to 3.000 g was 0.86 (95% CI 0.85-0.87). No significant correlations between underreported BW and proportions of LBW (r= 0.10) or VLBW (r= 0.01) were observed. Conclusion. A negative secular trends of BW was observed, all categories of LBW and VLBW were increased, BW more than 3.000 g was diminished and underreported BW did not influenced these results.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Birth Weight , Cross-Sectional Studies , Infant, Low Birth Weight , Infant, Very Low Birth Weight , Population Studies in Public Health , Body Weights and Measures/trends , Observational Studies as Topic , Retrospective Studies , Data Interpretation, Statistical
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