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1.
São Paulo; s.n; s.n; 2017. 201p ilus, tab, graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-849475

ABSTRACT

Neste trabalho, avaliou-se o potencial do uso de oxidantes quirais em oxidações enantiosseletivas de compostos orgânicos de boro. É de conhecimento geral que compostos orgânicos de boro, especialmente ésteres e ácidos borônicos são facilmente oxidados por hidroperóxidos em meio básico. No entanto, são escassos na literatura exemplos destas reações de modo enantiosseletivo. A fim de realizar as reações mencionadas, sintetizou-se os hidroperóxidos quirais TADOOH ({(4R,5R)-5-[(hidroperoxidifenil)metil]-2,2-dimetil-1,3-dioxolan-4il}difenilmetanol) e o hidroperóxido quiral derivado de carboidrato, 2,3-dideoxi1-O-oxidanil-4,6-di-O-pivaloil-α-D-eritro-hex-2-enopiranose (di-O-PivOOH). Estes compostos apresentaram resultados interessantes na literatura em oxidações enantiosseletiva de sulfetos orgânicos, em epoxidações de alcenos e em oxidações de Baeyer-Villiger. Inicialmente o potencial oxidativo de ambos hidroperóxidos, bem como a seletividade destes, foi avaliado frente a diversos ésteres borônicos, sendo que somente o TADOOH apresentou resultados promissores. (Ver esquema no PDF) Observou-se uma melhor seletividade do TADOOH frente a ésteres borônicos que possuíam grupos carbonílicos em sua estrutura. Ao submeter o ß-boronil-éster, 3-fenil-3-(4,4,5,5-tetrametil-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-il)propanoato de etila, à oxidação com o TADOOH em THF utilizando NaOH como base, a -30°C por 1 hora, obteve-se o respectivo álcool com 40% de e.e. Cálculos de DFT para o estado de transição na oxidação dos ésteres borônicos com o TADOOH foram realizados em colaboração com o grupo do Prof. Dr. Ataualpa Albert Carmo Braga. Estes cálculos demonstraram que o estado de transição é estabilizado por uma ligação de hidrogênio não clássica entre o oxigênio da carbonila e umas das ligações C-H dos grupos fenila do TADOOH. Além dos estudos relatados, a reconhecida metodologia de Sharpless na epoxidação assimétrica de alcoóis alílicos foi adaptada para a oxidação enantiosseletiva de ésteres borônicos. Ao trocar o ligante derivado de éster tártarico, normalmente utilizado nas epoxidações de Sharpless, por (-)-efedrina observou-se uma moderada seletividade deste sistema frente ao pinacol l-fenietilboronato. Investigações mais detalhadas demonstraram que a presença do Ti(IV) não era necessária, sendo que a (-)efedrina era a responsável pela ativação e indução quiral nesta reação.


In this work, it was investigated the potential use of chiral oxidants in organic boron compound oxidation. It is known in the literature, that organic boron compounds can be easily oxidized by hydroperoxides. However, an enantioselective approach in literature is scarce. In order to perform these reactions, hydroperoxide TADOOH ({(4R,5R)-5[(hydroperoxydiphenyl)methyl]-2,2-dimethyl-l,3-dioxolan-4-yl}diphenylmethanol) and carbohydrate derived hydroperoxide, 2,3-dideoxy-1-O-oxidanyl-4,6-di-O-pivaloyl-α-D-erythro-hex-2-enopyranose (di-O-PivOOH), have been synthesized. These compounds showed interesting results in several enantioselective oxidations, as like, organic sulfides oxidation, alkenes epoxidation and Baeyer-Villiger oxidations. The oxidative potential of both hydroperoxides, as well as their selectivity, were evaluated against several boronic esters. Only TADOOH has shown promissing results for further studies. (See Scheme on PDF). Boronic esters containing a carbonyl moiety showed better selectivities with TADOOH, for example, the reaction of ß-boronyl-ester, ethyl 3-phenyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)propanoate, gave the correponding alcohol with 40% e.e. DFT calculations for the transition state in the oxidation of the boronic esters with TADOOH were carried out in collaboration with the group of Prof. Dr. Ataualpa Albert Carmo Braga. These calculations have shown that the transition state is stabilized by a non-classical hydrogen bond between the carbonyl oxygen and one of the C-H bonds of the TADOOH phenyl groups. In addition to the studies, the well-known Sharpless protocol for asymmetric epoxidation of allylic alcohols was adapted in the enantioselective oxidation of boronic esters. By replacing the tartaric ester-derived, commonly used in the Sharpless experiments, for (-)-ephedrine moderate selectivity was observed with pinacol 1-phenylethyl boronate. Further investigations showed that the presence of Ti (IV) was not necessary, and (-)-ephedrine was responsible for the activation and chiral induction in this reaction.


Subject(s)
Esters , Organic Chemicals , Oxidants/chemical synthesis , Boron Compounds/chemistry , Kinetics
2.
Braz. dent. j ; 22(5): 359-364, 2011. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-601834

ABSTRACT

This study investigated the effects of the cement type and the water storage time on the push-out bond strength of a glass fiber post. Glass fiber posts (Fibrekor, Jeneric Pentron) were luted to post spaces using a self-cured resin cement (C&B Cement [CB]), a glass ionomer cement (Ketac Cem [KC]) or a resin-modified glass ionomer cement (GC FujiCEM [FC]) according to the manufacturers’ instructions. For each luting agent, the specimens were exposed to one of the following water storage times (n=5): 1 day (T1), 7 days (T7), 90 days (T90) and 180 days (T180). Push-out tests were performed after the storage times. Control specimens were not exposed to water storage, but subjected to the push-out test 10 min after post cementation. Data (in MPa) were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn`s test (α=0.05). Cement type and water storage time had a significant effect (p<0.05) on the push-out bond strength. CB showed significantly higher values of retention (p<0.05) than KC and FC, irrespective of the water storage time. Water storage increased significantly the push-out bond strength in T7 and T90, regardless of the cement type (p<0.05). The results showed that fiber posts luted to post spaces with the self-cured resin cement exhibited the best bonding performance throughout the 180-day water storage period. All cements exhibited a tendency to increase the bond strength after 7 and 90 days of water storage, decreasing thereafter.


Este estudo investigou os efeitos do tipo de cimento e do tempo de armazenamento em água na resistência adesiva ao cisalhamento de pinos de fibra. Pinos de fibra de vidro (Fibrekor, JenericPentron) foram cimentados aos condutos radiculares usando o cimento resinoso autopolimerizável (C&B Cement [CB]), o cimento de ionômero de vidro (Ketac Cem [KC]) ou o cimento de ionômero de vidro modificado por resina (GC FujiCEM [FC]) de acordo com as instruções dos fabricantes. Para cada cimento, os espécimes foram expostos a um dos seguintes tempos de armazenamento em água (n=5): 1 dia (T1), 7 dias (T7), 90 dias (T90) e 180 dias (T180). Os testes de resistência adesiva ao cisalhamento foram realizados após os períodos de armazenamento. Os espécimes controles não foram expostos ao armazenamento em água, mas submetidos ao teste de resistência adesiva ao cisalhamento 10 min após a cimentação do pino. Os dados (MPa) foram analisados usando Kruskal-Wallis e teste de Dunn (α=0,05). O tipo de cimento e o tempo de armazenamento em água afetaram significantemente a resistência adesiva ao cisalhamento (p<0,05). CB apresentou valores de retenção significantemente superiores a KC e FC, independentemente do tempo de armazenamento em água. Esse, por sua vez, aumentou significantemente a resistência adesiva ao cisalhamento em T7 e T90, independentemente do tipo de cimento (p<0,05). Os resultados indicaram que os pinos de fibra cimentados aos condutos radiculares com o cimento resinoso autopolimerizável apresentou a melhor performance adesiva durante todo o período de armazenamento em água de 180 dias. Todos os cimentos apresentaram uma tendência a aumentar a resistência adesiva ao cisalhamento após 7 e 90 dias de armazenamento em água, diminuindo posteriormente.


Subject(s)
Humans , Dental Bonding , Dental Cements/chemistry , Glass/chemistry , Post and Core Technique/instrumentation , Water/chemistry , Absorption , Adsorption , Boron Compounds/chemistry , Composite Resins/chemistry , Dental Cements/classification , Dental Pulp Cavity/anatomy & histology , Dentin/anatomy & histology , Glass Ionomer Cements/chemistry , Materials Testing , Magnesium Oxide/chemistry , Methacrylates/chemistry , Methylmethacrylates/chemistry , Polycarboxylate Cement/chemistry , Resin Cements/chemistry , Root Canal Preparation/methods , Stress, Mechanical , Time Factors , Zinc Oxide/chemistry
3.
Acta odontol. latinoam ; 23(3): 216-221, Dec. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-949664

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of eugenolcontaining endodontic sealers and luting strategy on the pull-out bond strength of glass fiber posts to dentin. Sixty-four bovine incisors were randomly assigned into two groups of 32 specimens each for obturation procedure with gutta-percha only, or with Pulp Canal Sealer EWT. Subsequently, the roots were prepared for the fiber post Reforpost and all specimens of each endodontic sealing procedure were allocated to four groups (n=8), according to the strategies for post cementation: A) Single Bond 2 and RelyX ARC; B) All Bond 2 and C&B cement; C) All Bond 2 and RelyX ARC; D) Single Bond 2 and C&B Cement. The posts were cemented immediately after the endodontic treatment. The pull-out test was performed at a cross-head speed of 0.5 mm/min in a universal testing machine (EMIC). Data (Kgf) were submitted to a two-way ANOVA and Tukey test (p ≤ 0.05). The eugenol-based sealer did not influence the pull-out bond strength of fiber posts regardless of the luting strategy. RelyX ARC showed higher bond strength than C&B Cement when used with Single Bond 2 adhesive system, when the eugenol-based sealer was present. All Bond 2, when associated to all cements studied, promoted similar bond strength, regardless of the eugenol-containing endodontic sealer. In conclusion, eugenolcontaining sealer did not influence the pull-out bond strength values of the resin luting systems for glass fiber post cementation. The bond system and resin cement association from the same manufacturer had similar bond strength values for dentin.


O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a influencia de cimentos endodonticos a base de eugenol e estrategia de cimentacao resinosa na resistencia a tracao de pinos de fibra de vidro a dentina. Sessenta e quatro incisivos bovinos foram aleatoriamente divididos em dois grupos com 32 especimes para cada procedimento de obturacao, com o cimento a base de eugenol Pulp Canal Sealer EWT ou somente com guta percha pela tecnica termoplastificada. Apos, realizou-se o prepare do conduto radicular para o pino de fibra Reforpost e posteriormente, as amostras de cada procedimento obturador foram separadas em quarto grupos (n=8), considerando as estrategias para cimentacao do pino: A) Adper Single Bond 2 e RelyX ARC; B) All Bond 2 e C&B cement; C) All Bond 2 e RelyX ARC; D) Adper Single Bond 2 e C&B Cement. Os pinos foram imediatamente cimentados apos o tratamento endodontico. Dessa maneira, o teste de pull-out foi realizado a uma velocidade de 0.5 mm/min em maquina de ensaio universal (EMIC DL2000). Os dados (Kgf) A analise estatistica foi realizada pelos testes ANOVA de dois fatores e teste de Tukey (p ≤ 0.05). O cimento endodontico contend eugenol nao influenciou a resistencia de uniao a tracao (pull-out) dos pinos de fibra, independente da estrategia de cimentacao. O RelyX ARC ofereceu maior resistencia de uniao do pino a dentina, comparado ao C&B Cement quanto utilizado com o Adper Single Bond 2, na presenca do cimento endodontico contendo eugenol. O All Bond 2 quando associado a todos os cimentos estudados promoveram uma resistencia de uniao semelhante, independente do conteudo de eugenol na cimentacao endodontica. Em conclusao, o cimento endodontico a base de eugenol nao influenciou na resistencia a tracao de pinos de fibra a dentina. A associacao de sistema adesivo e cimento resinoso do mesmo fabricante apresentou valores de resistencia de uniao semelhantes na cimentacao de pinos de fibra.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Root Canal Filling Materials/chemistry , Post and Core Technique/instrumentation , Dental Bonding , Resin Cements/chemistry , Dentin/ultrastructure , Glass/chemistry , Polyethylene Glycols/chemistry , Polymethacrylic Acids/chemistry , Root Canal Obturation , Stress, Mechanical , Materials Testing , Boron Compounds/chemistry , Eugenol/chemistry , Random Allocation , Dental Bonding/methods , Cementation/methods , Dentin-Bonding Agents/chemistry , Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate/chemistry , Dental Cements/chemistry , Dental Pulp Cavity/ultrastructure , Dental Stress Analysis/instrumentation , Curing Lights, Dental , Gutta-Percha/chemistry , Methacrylates/chemistry , Methylmethacrylates/chemistry
4.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-139709

ABSTRACT

Aims: To evaluate the effects of two different surface treatments and bonding agents on tensile bond strength between a Co-Cr and a Ni-Cr cast alloy and two resin-luting cements. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and forty alloy samples were cast and subjected to surface treatments such as sandblasting, chemical etching, and sandblasting plus chemical etching. Panavia F and CandB cement were used as cementing mediums. The etching qualities were examined by a stereooptic microscope. Failure surfaces were examined throughout scanning electron microscopy. The data were evaluated using statistical methods, namely analysis of variance and multiple comparison test (Tukey HSD). Results: Significant differences were found in the bonding provided by the various cements (P < 0.001) and also type of surface treatments (P < 0.001). For all groups, sandblasted surfaces showed the highest bond strength values. There was no significant difference between the Cr-Co and the Cr-Ni alloys (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Panavia F showed higher tensile strength and the sandblasted samples possessed higher tensile strength.


Subject(s)
Acid Etching, Dental/methods , Adhesiveness , Aluminum Oxide/chemistry , Boron Compounds/chemistry , Chromium Alloys/chemistry , Cobalt/chemistry , Composite Resins/chemistry , Dental Alloys/chemistry , Dental Bonding , Dental Etching/methods , Dental Polishing/instrumentation , Dental Polishing/methods , Humans , Materials Testing , Methacrylates/chemistry , Methylmethacrylates/chemistry , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Nickel/chemistry , Resin Cements/chemistry , Stress, Mechanical , Surface Properties , Temperature , Tensile Strength , Time Factors , Water/chemistry
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