ABSTRACT
En agosto de 2011 se produce en Europa un brote de una enfermedad desconocida en diferentes granjas de ganado vacuno en la localidad de Schmallenberg. Se realiza el alerta epidemiológico, y se comienza a seguir la evolución de la enfermedad. Para el desarrollo del trabajo se hace el seguimiento y análisis de la información producida por la Red PROMED de la International Society for Infectious Diseases. Del seguimiento se obtiene que en el término de 7 meses, 8 países reportan 3323 establecimientos con brotes de esta enfermedad afectando animales de diferentes especies; se diagnostica un nuevo virus que se lo denomina Schmallenberg. Con la definición de esta nueva enfermedad que por el momento no afecta a humanos se producen recomendaciones que hacen al virus, a la transmisión, al control y a la vigilancia epidemiológica.
Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Disease Outbreaks , Bunyaviridae Infections/epidemiology , Bunyaviridae Infections/transmission , Bunyaviridae Infections/veterinary , Goat Diseases/diagnosis , Goat Diseases/therapy , Cattle Diseases/diagnosis , Cattle Diseases/therapy , Sheep , Epidemiological MonitoringABSTRACT
Ganjam virus (GANV), a member of genus Nairovirus of family Bunyavirdae is of considerable veterinary importance in India. Though, predominantly tick borne, GANV was also isolated from mosquitoes, man and sheep. Neutralizing and complement fixing antibodies to GANV have been detected in animal and human sera collected from different parts of the country. Thirty three strains of GANV have been isolated from India, mainly from Haemaphysalis ticks. The virus replicated in certain vertebrate and mosquito cell lines and found pathogenic to laboratory animals. One natural infection and five laboratoryacquired infections in men were also reported. GANV is antigenically related to Nairobi sheep disease virus (NSDV) of Africa, which is highly pathogenic for sheep and goats causing 70-90 per cent mortality among the susceptible population. Recent molecular studies have demonstrated that GANV is an Asian variant of NSDV and both these viruses are related to the dreaded Crimean Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) group viruses. The versatility of the virus to replicate in different arthropod species, its ability to infect sheep, goat and man makes it an important zoonotic agent.