ABSTRACT
La intoxicación por bloqueantes de los canales de calcio es un cuadro poco frecuente en la población pediátrica. Los signos y síntomas pueden progresar de forma rápida y llevar al colapso cardiovascular y muerte. El sostén hemodinámico con inotrópicos y vasopresores no suele ser efectivo. La terapia con insulina y glucosa es un complemento eficaz del tratamiento inicial, que está ampliamente estudiado, y se utiliza en diferentes patologías con compromiso hemodinámico. Se presenta el caso de una paciente pediátrica con antecedente de ingestión de dosis altas de amlodipina con fines suicidas, con descompensación hemodinámica refractaria al tratamiento de soporte inotrópico habitual. A partir del tratamiento con insulina y glucosa, se logró la estabilidad hemodinámica, con evolución favorable de la paciente.
Calcium channel blocker poisoning is a rare condition in the pediatric population. Signs and symptoms can be rapidly progressive and lead to cardiovascular collapse and death. Hemodynamic support with inotropics and vasopressors is usually not effective. The insulin/glucose therapy is an effective complement to the initial treatment, which is widely studied and used in different pathologies with hemodynamic compromise. The case of a pediatric patient with a history of high-dose ingestion of amlodipine for suicidal purposes, with hemodynamic decompensation refractory to usual inotropic support treatment, is presented. From the insulin/glucose treatment, hemodynamic stability was achieved with a favorable evolution
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Suicide, Attempted , Calcium Channel Blockers/poisoning , Amlodipine/poisoning , Drug Overdose/therapy , Glucose/therapeutic use , Insulin/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Conventional therapy for intoxication with calcium channel blockers consists of crystalloid solutions, calcium gluconate, glucagon and vasopressor agents. These therapies often fail to improve hemodynamic function in intoxicated patients. The pathophysologic mechanism proposed for intoxication with these agents, suggest hypoinsulinemia as the determinant factor. We will describe the case of a 77 years old man treated for an overdose of nifedipine and atenolol who arrived at our institution with hypotension and bradycardia. After conventional therapy failed to improve the patient's hemodynamic status, hyperinsulinemia and euglycemia contributed to the improvement of the patient's neurologic and hemodynamic condition. Thus, hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic therapy was of benefit in this patient with hemodynamic compromise secondary to intoxication with calcium channel blocker not responding to conventional therapy. We will review the mechanism of action of calcium channel blocker drugs as well as the clinical presentation and treatment options for calcium channel blocker intoxication.
Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Male , Aged , Antidotes/therapeutic use , Atenolol/poisoning , Calcium Channel Blockers/poisoning , Glucagon/administration & dosage , Glucose/administration & dosage , Hyperinsulinism , Hypoglycemic Agents/administration & dosage , Insulin/administration & dosage , Nifedipine/poisoning , Disease Models, Animal , Drug Overdose , Calcium Gluconate/administration & dosage , Rats , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Los calcioantagonistas, cada vez más usados en cardiología, son causas infrecuentes de intoxicaciones secundarias a intentos de suicidio o por mal uso de los mismos. Informamos de un caso con las manifestaciones clínicas clásicas descritas en la literatura y realizamos una investigación del tratamiento actual de dicha intoxicación.
Calcium channel blockers are currently widely used to treat many cardiological alterations; however, overdose and poisoning have been associated with morbidity and mortality mainly in those patients with suicidal attempts. We report a case and review the pathophysiology of overdose, treatment, and prognosis.