Análise da sobrevida de pacientes com câncer de pâncreas / Survival analysis of patients with pancreatic cancer

Objetivo: Estimar a taxa de sobrevida por câncer de pâncreas. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo com delineamento de coorte retrospectiva, realizado no período de 2007 a 2018, em um hospital terciário no Sul do Brasil. A amostra foi composta de 66 indivíduos que realizaram acompanhamento no Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceição, em Tubarão (SC), cujo sítio primário da doença tenha sido o pâncreas. Resultados: Dos 66 prontuários avaliados, 35 pertenciam a pessoas do sexo masculino (53%), com média de idade de diagnóstico de 64,3 anos. O estádio mais prevalente foi o IV (46 pacientes, correspondente a 69,7%). O tempo médio de sobrevida global foi de 462,02 dias (desvio-padrão de 90,76), e a mediana foi de 320 dias. Conclusão: Identificou-se uma prevalência maior em pessoas do sexo masculino, idosos e caucasianos e em indivíduos no estadiamento IV.

Objective: To estimate the survival rate for pancreatic cancer. Methods: This is aretrospective cohort study conducted from 2007 to 2018 in a tertiary hospital in Southern Brazil. The sample consisted of 66 individuals followed up at Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceição, in Tubarão (SC), whose primary site of the disease was the pancreas. Results: Of the 66 medical records assessed, 35 were of male (53%) individuals, with a mean age at diagnosis of 64.3 years. The most prevalent stage was IV (46 patients, corresponding to 69.7%). The mean overall survival time was 462.02 days (standard deviation of 90.76) and the median was 320 days. Conclusion: Higher prevalence of males, elderly people, and Caucasians was observed, as well as IV staging.

Clinical and prognostic significance of serum transforming growth factor-beta1 levels in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a poor 5-year survival rate of 5%. Biomarkers for the early detection of pancreatic cancer are urgently needed. Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) is elevated in the tissues and plasma of patients with PDAC. However, no studies systemically report prognostic significance of plasma TGF-β1 levels in PDAC. In the present study, we assessed the prognostic significance of serum TGF-β levels in patients with PDAC. TGF-β levels were determined in serum from 146 PDAC patients, and 58 patients with benign pancreatic conditions. Regression models were used to correlate TGF-β levels to gender, age, stage, class, and metastasis. Survival analyses were performed using multivariate Cox models. Serum levels of TGF-β1 distinguished PDAC from benign pancreatic conditions (P<0.001) and healthy control subjects (P<0.001). Serum levels of TGF-β also distinguished tumor stage (P=0.002) and lymph node metastasis (P=0.001). High serum levels of TGF-β1 were significantly correlated with reduced patient survival. Multivariate analysis revealed that TGF-β1, lymph node metastasis and tumor stage were independent factors for PDAC survival. Our results indicate that serum TGF-β1 may be used as a potential prognostic marker for PDAC.

Neoplasias mucinosas papilares intraductales de páncreas en el Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Lima, Perú / Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas in Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Lima, Peru

Objetivo: Analizar en forma retrospectiva las características clínicas, radiológicas e histopatológicas, así como los resultados quirúrgicos de los pacientes con diagnóstico de neoplasia mucinosa papilar intraductal de páncreas (NMPI). Materiales y métodos: Usando la base de datos del servicio de Cirugía de Páncreas, Bazo y retroperitoneo del Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen (HNGAI) se identificaron a los pacientes con diagnóstico de NMPI sometidos a resección pancreática desde enero del 2006 a setiembre del 2013. Resultados: Se identificaron 11 pacientes (9 mujeres, 2 varones) con una edad promedio de 67,36 años. 2 casos fueron tipo conducto principal, 3 tipo rama y 6 tipo mixta. Todos los pacientes fueron sintomáticos, siendo el dolor el síntoma más frecuente, 27% presentaron pancreatitis. Para el diagnóstico 100% contaron con tomografía, 90% con resonancia magnética. En 10 pacientes se realizó una duodenopancreatectomía y en uno una pancreatectomía distal. Dos pacientes tuvieron fístula pancreática tipo C. Se reoperaron dos pacientes y hubo un fallecido. En 5 pacientes se observó displasia de bajo grado, en 2 displasia de moderado grado, en 1 displasia de alto grado y en 3 carcinoma invasor. Conclusiones: Esta patología está presente en nuestro medio, siendo más frecuente en mujeres. Las NMPI de tipo mixta son las de mayor frecuencia. La fístula pancreática es la complicación de mayor incidencia y la mortalidad es baja. El potencial de malignidad encontrado fue alto.

Objective: To analyze retrospectively the clinical, radiologic and pathologic features as well as the surgical results of the patients with diagnosis of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas (IPMN). Materials and methods: Patients with diagnosis of IPMN who underwent pancreatectomy were identified from January 2006 to September 2013, using the prospective data base of the Pancreas, Spleen and retroperitoneum HNGAI service. Results: A total of 11 patients were found (9 females and 2 males). The mean age was 67.36 years. 2 were main duct type IPMN, 3 branch type and 6 mixed type. All patients had symptoms. The pain was the most frequent symptom, 27% had pancreatitis. For the diagnosis 100% had CT scan, 90% MRI. 10 patients underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy and 1 distal pancreatectomy. 2 patients had type C pancreatic fistula. 2 patients underwent reoperation and 1 died. 5 patients had low grade dysplasia, 2 moderate dysplasia, 1 high grade dysplasia and 3 invasive carcinoma. Conclusions: This entity is present in our country being more common in women. The mixed type IPMN is the most frequent type. Complication with the highest incidence is the pancreatic fistula and the mortality rate is low. The IPMN´s malignancy potential founded was high.

Synchronous Malignant Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms of the Bile Duct and Pancreas Requiring Left Hepatectomy and Total Pancreatectomy / 대한소화기학회지

Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the bile duct (IPMN-B) and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas (IPMN-P) have striking similarities and are recognized as counterparts. However, simultaneous occurrence of IPMN-B and IPMN-P is extremely rare. A 66 year-old female presented with recurrent epigastric pain and fever. During the past 9 years, she had three clinical episodes related to intrahepatic duct stones and IPMN-P in the pancreas head and was managed by medical treatment. Laboratory test results at admission revealed leukocytosis (12,600/mm3) and elevated CA 19-9 level (1,200 U/mL). Imaging study demonstrated liver abscess in the Couinaud's segment 4, IPMN-B in the left lobe, and IPMN-P in the whole pancreas with suspicious malignant change. Liver abscess was drained preoperatively, followed by left lobectomy with bile duct resection and total pancreatectomy with splenectomy. On histologic examination, non-invasive intraductal papillary mucinous carcinoma arising from various degree of dysplastic mucosa of the liver and pancreas could be observed. However, there was no continuity between the hepatic and pancreatic lesions. This finding in our case supports the theory that double primary lesions are more likely explained by a diffuse IPMN leading to synchronous tumors arising from both biliary and pancreatic ducts rather than by a metastatic process. Herein we present a case of simultaneous IPMN of the bile duct and pancreas which was successfully treated by surgical management.

Ultrasonido endoscópico en tumores neuroendocrinos de páncreas / Endoscopic ultrasound in the diagnosis of tumors neuroendocrine in the pancreas

El ultrasonido endoscópico (USE) tiene un importante rol en la evaluación de los tumores sólidos del páncreas, siendo el más frecuente el adenocarcinoma. En los tumores neuroendocrinos (T.N.E) permite su localización y caracterización aún en aquellos menores de 2 cm. Estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo, donde se incluyeron los pacientes con tumores sólidos de páncreas referidos para la punción aspiración con aguja fina (PAAF) - ultrasonido endoscópico. En el periodo 2008 - 2012 se evaluaron mediante ultrasonido endoscópico 140 pacientes con diagnóstico de tumores sólidos del páncreas, de los cuales 5 pacientes (3,57%) se diagnosticaron como tumores neuroendocrinos, de éstos, cuatro resultaron insulinomas funcionantes y 1 no funcionante. 4 pacientes eran del sexo femenino y 1 masculino y la edad promedio fue de 58,4 años. La punción aspiración con aguja fina (PAAF) fue positiva en 4 casos para insulinoma y el otro positivo para carcinoide, de los 4 pacientes con insulinomas, 3 fueron tratados quirúrgicamente, y una falleció por hipoglicemia severa antes de la cirugía y el quinto se encuentra en observación. Pacientes en los cuales se sospecha de tumor neuroendocrino del páncreas el USE y la PAAF permiten aún en los casos de lesiones menores de 2 cm su adecuada caracterización y localización con confirmación histológica previo a la decisión terapéutica lo que facilita la adecuada orientación y planificación del cirujano

Endoscopic ultrasound has an important role in the diagnosis of pancreatic masses, being adenocarcinoma the most frequently diagnosed histologic type. However, Endoscopic ultrasound can detect lesions as small as 2 cm. Retrospective, descriptive study, which included patients with solid tumors of pancreas referred for he Fine Needle Aspiration- Endoscopic ultrasound. In the period 2008 - 2012 were assessed by Endoscopic ultrasound diagnosis of 140 patients with solid tumors of the pancreas, of which 5 patients (3.57%) were diagnosed as neuroendocrine tumors, 4 insulinomas were functioning and non-functioning one. 4 patients were female and one male and the average age was 58.4 years. The fine needle aspiration was positive in 4 cases, 3 patients were treated surgically and 1 died of severe hypoglycemia before surgery. Patients with suspected pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor and The Fine Needle Aspiration-Endoscopic ultrasound allowed even in cases of lesions less than 2 cms proper characterization and localization with histological confirmation prior to therapeutic decision which facilitates proper guidance and planning surgeon

Adenocarcinoma pancreático, diagnóstico por punción con aguja fina guiada por ultrasonido endoscópico: reporte preliminar / Pancreatic adenocarcinoma, diagnostic by endoscopy ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration: preliminary report

El cáncer de páncreas es una enfermedad grave con una sobrevida media de 6 meses después del diagnóstico, En muchos casos el diagnóstico es tardío en relación con la progresión de la enfermedad. El Ultrasonido Endoscópico ha probado ser superior en la detección y estadio del cáncer de páncreas comparado con otros métodos de imágenes, pero no puede diferenciar entre tumores malignos y focos de pancreatitis crónica. La punción aspiración guiada por ultrasonido endoscópico (PAF-USE) es una modalidad útil y exacta para evaluar y obtener el diagnóstico histológico de estas lesiones. Describir los resultados citológicos de las muestras obtenidas a través de la punción aspiración guiada por ultrasonido endoscópico en pacientes con sospecha de lesión pancreática. Estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo de 33 pacientes durante el periodo comprendido entre junio 2008 hasta mayo 2009. Treinta y tres pacientes acudieron para realizarse una PAF-USE, a 31 pacientes se les realizo y a otros dos no se les realizo por interposición de vasos. De estos, 23 eran de páncreas (15 lesiones sólidas y 8 lesiones quísticas). Las otras 8 PAF no fueron lesiones de páncreas. De los 15 pacientes con lesiones sólidas del páncreas, 11 eran masculinos (73%) y 4 eran femeninos (27%), con una edad promedio de 58 años. De los hallazgos ecoendoscópicos en 10 pacientes (67%) la lesión estaba en la cabeza del páncreas; con un tamaño promedio entre 3-5 cm. de diámetro. En cuanto a los hallazgos citológicos se reportaron positivos para malignidad 11 (73%) pacientes, negativo para malignidad 3 pacientes (27%), y un paciente (7%) se reporto como muestra insuficiente para hacer el diagnóstico definitivo. Los hallazgos citológicos obtenidos a través de la punción con aguja fina guiada por ultrasonido endoscópico permiten establecer el diagnóstico de adenocarcinoma pancreático en un alto porcentaje de los casos...

Pancreatic cancer is a serious disease with a median survival of 6 months after diagnosis; in many cases the diagnosis is delayed in relation to disease progression. Endoscopic Ultrasound has proven to be superior in detecting and staging pancreatic cancer in comparison with other imaging methods, but can not differentiate between malignant tumors and foci of chronic pancreatitis. The endoscopic ultrasound-guided aspiration cytology (EUS-FNA) is a useful and accurate method to assess and obtain the histological diagnosis of these lesions. To describe the cytological specimens obtained by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration in patients with suspected pancreatic lesion. A descriptive, retrospective analysis of 33 patients during the period form June 2008 to May 2009. Thirty-three patients went to perform a EUS-FNA, 31 patients underwent it and two others didn’t due to vessels interposition. Of these, 23 were pancreatic (15 solid lesions and 8 cystic lesions). The other eight FNA weren’t pancreatic lesions. Of the 15 patients with solid lesions of the pancreas, 11 were male (73%) and 4 were female (27%), with an average age of 58. Of the endoscopic ultrasound fi ndings of 10 patients (67%), the lesion was in the pancreatic head, with an average size between 3-5 cm. in diameter. As for the cytological fi ndings 11 (73%) patients were reported positive for malignancy, 3 patients negative for malignancy (27%), and one patient (7%) was reported as insufficient sample to make a defi nitive diagnosis. Cytological findings obtained by endoscopic ultrasound- guided fine-needle aspiration allow establishing the diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma in a high percentage of cases...

Xanthogranulomatous Pancreatitis Combined with Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Carcinoma In Situ

Xanthogranulomatous lesion is a rare condition in which lipid-laden histiocytes are deposited at various locations in the body. Xanthogranulomatous pancreatitis (XGP) associated with an intraductal papillary mucinous tumor (IPMT) is extremely rare. In this study, we described a case of XGP associated with IPMT and include a review of the literature. A pancreatic cystic mass was detected in a 72-yr-old woman by abdominal computed tomography. Pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed and diagnosis of XGP combined with intraductal papillary mucinous carcinoma in situ was made. After 13 months of follow-up, the patient is in good health without any evidence of tumor recurrence. Although XGP associated with IPMT is rare, we suggest that such cases should be brought to the attention of clinical investigators, as it may produce clinical features that mimic pancreatic cancer.

Extrapancreatic Tumors in Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm of the Pancreas / 대한소화기학회지

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) of the pancreas has a favorable prognosis, but seems to be associated with a high incidence of extrapancreatic tumors. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence and clinicopathological features of extrapancreatic tumors associated with IPMN. METHODS: Thirty-seven patients with IPMN of the pancreas, confirmed by surgical resection and typical findings of endoscopic ultrasonography and CT imaging between October 1, 1998 and August 31, 2006 were included. Seventeen patients were diagnosed with surgical resection and biopsy, and others by typical imaging findings of IPMN. These patients were examined for the development of extrapancreatic tumors. RESULTS: Of 37 patients with IPMN, 14 (38%) had 18 extrapancreatic tumors, and 10 (27%) had 13 extrapancreatic malignancies. Five, six, and two extrapancreatic malignancies had diagnosed before during, and after the diagnosis of IPMN. Gastric adenocarcinoma (3 patients, 23%) and colorectal carcinoma (3 patients, 23%) were the most common neoplasms. Other extrapancreatic tumors included lung cancer (n=2), prostatic cancer (n=1), renal cell carcinoma (n=1), cholangiocelluar carcinoma (n=1), urinary bladder cancer (n=1), and gallbladder cancer (n=1), respectively. As benign tumor, there were two gallbladder adenoma, one gastric adenoma, one colonic adenoma and one benign ovarian cystic neoplasm, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: IPMN is associated with high incidence of extrapancreatic tumors, particularly gastric and colorectal neoplasms. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and colonoscopy should be done, and systemic surveillance for the possible occurrence of other tumors may allow early detection of extrapancreatic tumor in patients with IPMN.

Meaning of Incidence of Extrapancreatic Neoplasms in Patients with Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms of Pancreas / 대한소화기학회지

No abstract available.

How Can We Interpret the High Prevalence of Extrapancreatic Neoplasms in Patients with Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm of the Pancreas? / 대한소화기학회지

No abstract available.

A Case of Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm Arising from Santorini's Duct in a Patient with Complete Type of Pancreas Divisum / 대한소화기학회지

There have been an increasing number of reports of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) of the pancreas since its first report by Ohhasi et al. in 1982. Most IPMNs arise from Wirsung's duct or its branches, whereas IPMNs arising from Santorini's duct are rare. Pancreas divisum is a common congenital anatomical anomaly characterized by the lack of fusion of the ventral and dorsal parts of the pancreas during the eighth week of fetal development. Although clinical significance of pancreas divisum has been the subject of debate for many years, there seems to be little doubt that in certain patients there is a causal relation between pancreas divisum and pancreatitis. Also, it is occasionally accompanied by a pancreatic tumor. Herein, we report a case of IPMN arising from Santorini's duct in patient with complete type of pancreas divisum.

Neoplasia mucinosa intraductal del páncreas: [revisión] / Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas: [review]

Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas is characterized by a dilatation of the main pancreatic duct and/or secondary ducts, mucin production and the absence of ovarian ¡ike struma. The symptoms are non-specific and often the diagnosis is incidental. The treatment of choice is surgery, since these tumors may become malignant. The prognosis depends on the type of lesion, whether the excision is complete and lymph node involvement. The aim of this review is to analyze the clinical, diganostic, therapeutic and pathological characteristics of this disease.

Diagnosis of Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm / 대한소화기학회지

Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) of the pancreas is a unique disease entity that is characterized by predominant intraductal growth of mucinous cells, copious mucin production, and subsequent cystic dilatation of pancreatic ducts. IPMN shows a spectrum of histologic and imaging findings and possesses as the potential for malignant transformation arising from adenoma to invasive carcinoma. It is important to determine the type, extent of duct involvement, and presence of malignant transformation, and to assess tumor grading prior to surgical resection. Thus, it would be helpful for physicians managing patients with IPMN of the pancreas to have a guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of IPMN. In this review, a role of radiological evaluation for diagnosis and preoperative assessment is described as well as presentation of the guideline for patient management.

Medical Management of Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm / 대한소화기학회지

Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) is frequently found recently and is a precancerous lesion. Main duct-type should be resected since it can easily progress to invasive IPMN, whereas branch duct-type (BD) usually remains silent without malignant transformation. BD-IPMN should be resected if it has mural nodule, thick wall or septum, or solid component which are the obvious risk factors for malignancy. If the cyst size of BD-IPMN is more than 3 cm in diameter without obvious risk factors, it can be followed-up regularly or can be treated either with surgical resection or endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS)-guided ethanol lavage. Small BD-IPMN less than 3 cm in size without risk factors can be followed up with sonography, CT scan or EUS annually.

Surgical Management of Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms / 대한소화기학회지

With increasing indence and peculiar clinico-pathological features, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) of the pancreas has been a major interest in the field of pancreatology. Although pathologic and clinical diversities make difficulty in decision of treatment of IPMN in some circumstances, surgical treatment is generally indicated for main duct IPMN and branch duct IPMN with suspected malignancy (tumor size >or=30 mm, mural nodules, dilated main pancreatic duct, or positive cytology) or prominent symptoms. IPMN has a favorable prognosis after the resection. However, invasive IPMN shows poor prognosis comparable to stage-matched pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Conventional pancreatic resection is recommended in case of highly suspected malignant cases, and organ preserving pancreatectomy or minimal invasive surgery could be used, especially in benign looking branch duct IPMN. Before the surgical resection, clinician should consider patient's general and social condition as well as risk of malignancy to select proper type and extent of surgery.

Clinicopathologic Review of 41 Cases of Pancreatic Mucinous Cystic Neoplasms / 대한소화기학회지

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) and mucinous cystic neoplasms are included in mucin-producing pancreatic tumors. The reports about IPMN are not uncommon but those about the mucinous cystic neoplasms are relatively few. The aims of this study were to define the natural history of resected mucinous cystic neoplasms of the pancreas and to identify the findings which suggest malignancy. METHODS: The authors retrospectively evaluated the clinical outcomes of 41 patients with mucinous cystic neoplasms who were surgically resected at Asan Medical Center between 1995 and 2004. RESULTS: Women (n=33) were more frequently affected than men (n=8). Thirty three patients (80.6%) had adenoma, 1 (2.4%) borderline malignancy, 1 (2.4%) carcinoma in situ, and 6 (14.6%) invasive mucinous cystadenocarcinoma. The most frequent symptom was abdominal pain (39%). About half of the enrolled patients were asymptomatic. Unilocular type (79%) was more frequent than the multilocular type (21%) on gross morphology. The tumor size of invasive mucinous cystic neopolasms was larger than that of non-invasive mucinous cystic neoplalsms (p=0.01). Abdominal pain was more frequent in invasive mucinous cystic neoplasms (p=0.026). On gross morphology, mural nodules were detected in 4 of 6 patients with invasive mucinous cystic neoplasms. However, they were not detected in any patients with non-invasive mucinous cystic neoplasms. Recurrence developed in none of the 35 patients with non-invasive mucinous cystic neoplasms, however 2 of the 6 patients with invasive mucinous cystic neoplasms died within 5 years. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical predictors of invasive mucinous cystic neoplasms are suggested to be tumor size and abdominal pain. The prognosis of the non-invasive mucinous cystic neoplasms is excellent when curative resection is performed.

Ductal Adenocarcinoma Mimicking Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm of the Pancreas / 대한소화기학회지

No abstract available.

A Case of Mucinous Noncystic Carcinoma of the Pancreas / 대한소화기학회지

Mucinous (colloid) carcinoma is defined as pools of stromal extracellular mucin containing scanty, floating carcinoma cells. It is a well-defined entity in breast or large bowel. However, mucinous noncystic carcinoma of the pancreas (MNCC) is uncommon, comprising between 1% and 3% of all carcinomas of the pancreas. In the past, MNCC generally had been categorized together with ordinary ductal adenocarcinoma or misdiagnosed as mucinous cystadenocarcinoma or signet-ring cell carcinoma. The new WHO classification lists MNCC as a variant of ductal adenocarcinoma. Herein, we report a 32-year-old woman with incidentally found pancreatic body mass who underwent subtotal pancreatectomy. She was diagnosed as MNCC histologically.

Two Cases of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma, Manifested as Solid Pseudopapillary Tumor and Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm / 대한소화기학회지

Compared with other types of cancers, pancreatic cancer is one of the most dreadful malignancies and is fifth leading cause of cancer-related death in Korea. It is difficult to expect early diagnosis or improvement in prognosis due to lack of specific early symptoms and effective diagnostic methods. Whereas cystic neoplasm of the pancreas is a rare type of pancreatic tumor, surgical resection provides good prognosis because of its low possibility of local invasion or distant metastasis. In case of pancreatic cystic tumor, radiologic differentiation between benign and malignant lesions is crucial for the selection of appropriate treatment and the prediction of prognosis. And ductal adenocarcinoma of pancreas presenting in cystic form is an uncommon type of cystic tumor, making it extremely rare among all pancreatic malignancies. We report two cases of atypical pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma presenting as solid pseudopapillary tumor and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm, respectively.